Trained Women Research Articles

Neurofeedback Beta Down Training in Women With High State-Trait Anxiety and Elevated Beta Patterns in Temporal Lobes: A Pilot Study

Neurofeedback Beta Down Training in Women With High State-Trait Anxiety and Elevated Beta Patterns in Temporal Lobes: A Pilot Study

Resistance Training in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer: A Pilot Single Arm Pre-Post Intervention.

Background: Resistance training (RT) yields physical and psychological benefits for women living with and beyond breast cancer (WBC). This study examined the feasibility of a virtually delivered 8-week socially supportive RT intervention among WBC and assessed changes in physical activity and body image. Methods: A pilot single-arm 8-week pre-post intervention study design was implemented. Forty-one WBC were matched as exercise partners and asked to complete two RT sessions per week-one with a qualified exercise professional (QEP) and one with their peer. Data were collected at baseline (T1), post-intervention (T2), and 20 weeks post-baseline (T3). Results: The enrolment rate was 42%, the attendance rate for the QEP sessions was 63.8% and 40.0% for the peer sessions, and the retention rate was 87%. No adverse events were reported. Total weekly minutes of RT significantly (p < 0.05) increased by 42 minutes/week during the intervention and significantly decreased by 25 min/week at follow-up. Upper and lower body muscle strength increased (p < 0.01) during the intervention. Increased RT was associated with favorable activity self-perceptions. Conclusions: This pilot intervention study was feasible, safe, and demonstrated preliminary evidence for increasing RT time and strength among WBC. Virtually delivered socially supportive RT interventions can improve access for WBC.

Effects of Unsupervised Gluteal Muscle Contraction Versus Unsupervised Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Women with Symptoms of Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is effective at improving urinary incontinence (UI) symptoms; however, patients often cannot properly contract their pelvic floor muscles. We hypothesized that contraction of the gluteal muscles alone would have the same effect as PFMT on improving UI symptoms. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of gluteal muscles contraction alone with that of conventional PFMT at home for reducing UI symptoms in women. Sixty women 30-59years in age who had stress urinary incontinence (SUI) were randomly assigned to the gluteal muscles training (GMT) group or the PFMT group. The participants in each group performed 3min of training twice/day using a leaflet unsupervised at home during the 12-week intervention period. Three self-administered UI symptom measures (UI episodes/week, 1-h pad test, and the International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form score) were compared before the observation period (baseline) and at the 6th or 12th week of the intervention period. Fifty women who completed the 12-week intervention period were analyzed. After the 12-week intervention period, the three UI symptom outcome measures significantly decreased compared with baseline in both groups (α < 0.05). The rate of improvement in UI symptoms (decrease of at least 50% in UI episodes/week and in the 1-h pad test compared with baseline) was 65.2% in the GMT group and 63.0% in the PFMT group, with no significant differences between the two groups (p = 0.898). In unsupervised training using a leaflet at home, contraction of the gluteal muscles alone was shown to be as effective as conventional PFMT in reducing UI symptoms in women with SUI.

Peculiarities of women's training in strength sports: methods and means

Peculiarities of women's training in strength sports: methods and means

Self-Defense Training to Reduce Violence Against Women and Girls: An Integrative Review.

Violence against women and girls (VAWG) is a serious threat to individual and public health with vast negative impacts, including numerous physical and mental health issues, as well as societal and economic consequences. Numerous women's self-defense interventions have been proposed to reduce the risk of victimization. The current integrative review, based on Whittemore and Knafl's framework, was completed to synthesize current evidence on women's self-defense training, the impact of such training on outcomes related to VAWG, and evaluate the strength of evidence for women's self-defense training interventions. A systematic literature search, guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, was performed including a comprehensive computer-assisted database search, as well as citation searching and website searching for studies that included quantitative outcomes related to VAGW published between 2011 and 2023. Data were extracted and analyzed in accordance with Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) methodology, and the body of evidence was synthesized and best evidence recommendations developed based on the ©The Johns Hopkins Hospital/The Johns Hopkins University Evidence-Based Practice Model. Ultimately, 19 publications met inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Key findings included strong evidence for women's self-defense training to reduce attempted rape, completed rape, and nonconsensual sexual contact, as well as emerging evidence for reduction in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, among other positive outcomes. Further research is needed in more diverse populations at risk for violence and to identify key characteristics of effective interventions, including optimal content and dose.

Effectiveness of Kegel Exercise Training in Women with Urinary Incontinence: A Methodological and Experimental

Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the Kegel Exercise training efficacy given to women diagnosed with urinary incontinence and to develop the “Evaluation of the Usefulness and Applicability of Kegel Exercise Training Scale” and to test its validity reliability. Methods:The study, which was planned methodologically and experimentally with pre-test and post-test, was carried out on 105 women with urinary incontinence between March and July 2017. Results: The average age of women was 49.10 ± 8.99 years. According to the data before the Kegel Exercise training and 8 weeks after the Kegel Exercise application, the average scores of the scales changed over time (p

Effect of women's education and income levels on HIV prevalence among women accessing HIV care and treatment

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of women's education and income levels on HIV prevalence among women accessing care and treatment. The prevalence of HIV among Kenyan women is 6.6 per cent, more than twice as high as the prevalence among men (3.1%). Women in Murang'a County, Kenya, had a threefold higher risk of contracting HIV than men (2.4% vs. 7.8%). It is still unclear what specifically accounts for the high incidence rate among adult women, particularly in Murang'a County. A cross-sectional survey was used to determine social determinants of HIV prevalence among women in Murang’a County, Kenya. Respondents to the study were women getting HIV therapy at Murang'a County Level 5 Hospital in Kenya. The study selected 167 participants using a strict random selection methodology. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used to conduct descriptive and inferential statistical analyses on numerical data. The findings indicated by odds ratio showed that education level increases, HIV prevalence and that access to formal employment decreases HIV prevalence among women in Murang’a County. The study results are of help to the County government of Murang'a, where HIV is particularly prevalent. The results will also help to accelerate the realisation of Vision 2030 goals by illuminating the social determinants that contribute to HIV prevalence among women in Murang’a County. The study recommends programmes be launched that enhance women's education and training.

Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Women with Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Women with Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Women: protocol for a controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial

RESUMO A fraqueza muscular do assoalho pélvico pode gerar incontinência urinária, prolapso de órgãos pélvicos e disfunção sexual, e pode ser minimizada pelo treinamento muscular do assoalho pélvico (TMAP). No entanto, este efeito não é duradouro. Assim, terapia combinada parece ser promissora para a melhora deste quadro. Dessa forma, objetiva-se avaliar o efeito da estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC), combinada ao TMAP, sobre a pressão intravaginal, força muscular do assoalho pélvico (FMAP), função sexual (FS) e qualidade de vida (QV) em mulheres saudáveis. Serão 32 mulheres, entre 18 e 45 anos, que realizaram TMAP (contrações e relaxamento do períneo) e Biofeedback associados a ETCC ativa ou ETCC sham por 20 minutos, três vezes por semana, por 4 semanas, totalizando 12 sessões. Durante o protocolo, as participantes também realizarão diariamente, em domicílio, o TMAP. O eletrodo anodal da ETCC será posicionado sobre a área motora suplementar do hemisfério cortical dominante, e o catodal sobre a região supraorbital contralateral, com intensidade de 2mA, por 20 minutos. A pressão intravaginal (manômetro de pressão), FMAP (palpação digital, esquema Perfect), FS (Índice de Função Sexual Feminina) e QV (questionário SF-36) foram avaliadas antes e depois das 12 sessões, bem como após acompanhamento de 30 dias.

PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF WOMEN'S SPORTS TRAINING

This study explores the nuanced physiological features specific to women's sports training, examining the multifaceted factors that differentiate female athletes' physiological responses and adaptations during training. Delving into hormonal influences, biomechanical considerations, energy system utilization, and recovery patterns, this investigation elucidates the unique physiological attributes shaping training protocols tailored to women athletes. Understanding these distinctive physiological features is pivotal in optimizing training methodologies, injury prevention strategies, and performance outcomes in women's sports.

Exploring Adherence to Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Women Using Mobile Apps: Scoping Review.

Pelvic floor dysfunction is a public health issue, with 1 in 3 women experiencing symptoms at some point in their lifetime. The gold standard of treatment for pelvic floor dysfunction is supervised pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT); however, adherence to PFMT in women is poor. Mobile apps are increasingly being used in the National Health Service to enable equity in the distribution of health care and increase accessibility to services. However, it is unclear how PFMT mobile apps influence PFMT adherence in women. We aimed to identify which behavior change techniques (BCTs) have been used in PFMT mobile apps, to distinguish the core "capability, opportunity, and motivation" (COM) behaviors targeted by the BCTs used in PFMT mobile apps, and to compare the levels of PFMT adherence in women between those using PFMT mobile apps and those receiving usual care. We conducted a scoping review of the literature. Published quantitative literature that compared the use of a PFMT mobile app to a control group was included to address the objectives of the study. The electronic bibliographic databases searched included MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and PEDro, along with CENTRAL. Studies were also identified from reference searching of systematic reviews. Original articles written in English from 2006 onward were included. Nonexperimental quantitative studies, qualitative studies, studies that use male participants, case studies, web-based interventions, and interventions that use vaginal probes were excluded. Narrative synthesis was conducted on eligible articles based on the aims of the study. Of the 114 records retrieved from the search, a total of 6 articles met the eligibility and inclusion criteria. The total number of participants in the studies was 471. All PFMT mobile apps used the BCT "prompts and cues." Opportunity was the core COM behavior targeted by the PFMT mobile apps. Higher levels of adherence to PFMT were observed among women using PFMT mobile apps. Digital "prompts and cues" are a BCT commonly used in PFMT mobile apps, and further research is required to practically assess whether a future randomized controlled trial that investigates the effectiveness of digital "prompts and cues" on PFMT adherence in women can be conducted.

한국 여성 직업훈련정책의 변천과정 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the process of change in women's vocational training policies in South Korea from the liberation to the present, and analyze the characteristics of women's vocational training policy.&#x0D; Methods To this end, comprehensive policy documents regarding women’s vocational training policies, such as the 6th - 7th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the 1st-4th Basic Plan for Women's Policy, the 1st-3rd Basic Plan for Gender Equality Policy, the 1st-3rd Basic Plan for vocational Competency Development, are analyzed.&#x0D; Results South Korea's women's vocational training policy progress can be divided into five stages: preparatory stage, nascent stage, settlement stage, development stage, and transition stage. During the preparatory period, from the liberation to the early 1980s, no women's vocational training policy was established, and the focus of women's vocational training was on liberal arts education for vulnerable women. Since the mid-1980s, laws and policies on women's vocational training have been introduced in the nascent stage. From the 1990s, during the settlement period, women’s vocational training policies were actively pursued to expand vocational training opportunities for women. Since the enactment of the Framework Act on Women's Development (1995), a systematic policy for women’s vocational training has been established, leading to the development stage. Lastly, since 2015, during the transition period, policies such as gender mainstreaming of vocational training and expansion of women's vocational training opportunities for high-skilled occupations are promoted.&#x0D; Conclusions Women's vocational training policies in South Korea have progressed along with the development of women's policy. Its policy direction has changed from low-skilled women to high-skilled women training. In addition, the policy target of women’s vocational training was gradually diversified and specified. The results of this study help to understand in depth the characteristics of Korean women's vocational training policies, and furthermore, provide implications for women's vocational training policy in developing countries.

Improved VO2 On-kinetics After Aerobic Exercise Training In Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Improved VO2 On-kinetics After Aerobic Exercise Training In Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Women's Activism and Mobilization in Wartime China: Cadre Training, National Economic Production, and Workers’ Literacy (1937–1945)

Abstract The mobilization of women pursued by the Women's Advisory Committee (Funü zhidao weiyuanhui 婦女指導委員會) during the war against Japan (1937–1945) has mainly been associated with the wider war effort in the country and resistance to the enemy. This article takes a different viewpoint and argues that the programs implemented by women activists in this committee looked beyond the immediate wartime necessity and tried to secure also long-term gains for women. The mobilization transcended traditional gender roles of wives and mothers and paid particular attention to the involvement of middle- and lower-class women. This article examines women's activism and mobilization in the context of three main areas: first, the women's cadre training in the wartime capital Chongqing and in provinces and counties across China; second, the national economic production; and third, the literacy campaigns conducted among women factory workers. It concludes that women activists knowingly used the wartime crisis to provide fellow women with the tools for securing economic and social independence while addressing the wartime emergencies.

From Victims to Economic Assets: Training Women in an Emerging Digital Society During the Late 1970s to the Mid-1990s

The European Community (EC), afraid of lagging behind the United States and Japan in the technology race, developed a series of strategies in the 1980s and 1990s to enhance their position in the field of information and telecommunication technologies (ICT). One key strategy was the training and retraining of citizens to deal with the shortage of a highly skilled labor force. At the same time, women’s issues were being raised as part of the EC’s political agenda, with a particular emphasis on the effects of technological change on the employment of women. We claim that despite the advantageous conditions for promoting women’s advanced education in ICT, the EC’s strategy was to promote only basic computer literacy, following a discourse that victimized women, due to their alleged lack of skills and flexibility. Although by the late 1980s, the view of women as constituting potential economic assets in the EC’s economy became more prominent, the concrete measures for women’s education and training did not substantially change and remained scantily funded and short-sighted throughout the whole period.

Implementasi Program Pelatihan Menjahit Pakaian Wanita Bagi Peserta Didik Untuk Meningkatkan Kecakapan Hidup Di BPVP Kota Samarinda

Training is a part of education which contains a short duration learning process and is organized in a systematic and structured manner. This training aims to identify training on the implementation of sewing women's clothing for students to improve life skills at BPVP Samarinda City. Research subjects obtained from the results of data collection in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. The subjects of the interview data in the form of resource persons from this study consisted of the heads of the women's clothing sewing department programs, training instructors and training participants in women's clothing sewing. This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques in this study used interview, observation and documentation techniques. While the data analysis techniques in this study used data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study include: The stages of training needs analysis using observation and field surveys according to what is needed as well as planning and preparing instructors as the basis for forming a training, so that training planning is a procedure to achieve a predetermined goal, and using the implementation training method is a process of implementing training, with the implementation of training methods can run optimally, and the next stage is training evaluation one of the tools used in assisting program planning and improving the training program, self-evaluation can be used as a level of effectiveness of a program. - Factors that influence the success of the training process selling women's clothing, namely the existence of instructors, training participants and facilities and infrastructure.

Analysis of Entrepreneurship Training in Improving Entrepreneurial Skills in Women's Empowerment Business Groups in Makassar City

This research is to find out the extent of the implementation of women's empowerment business group training in Makassar City, how entrepreneurial activities of women's empowerment business groups in Makassar City, and what factors hinder and support entrepreneurial training of women's empowerment business groups in Makassar City. The data collection techniques used in this research are interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis. The results showed that the implementation of training provided by the National Program for Independent Community Empowerment (PNPM) Mandiri in improving entrepreneurial skills was very influential, then the entrepreneurial activities of women's empowerment business groups in Makassar City were carried out well, when training was provided by the National Program for Independent Community Empowerment in Makassar City. The inhibiting factor in this case is the lack of knowledge possessed by women's business groups in developing businesses, while the supporting factor is the spirit of cooperation from women entrepreneurs who have the desire for existing businesses in Makassar City to develop. It can be concluded that the entrepreneurship training provided by the National Independent Community Empowerment Program to empower women in Makassar City has been successful.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Evaluating Delivery Strategies for Pain Coping Skills Training in Women With Breast Cancer

Pain coping skills training (PCST) is efficacious in patients with cancer, but clinical access is limited. To inform implementation, as a secondary outcome, we estimated the cost-effectiveness of 8 dosing strategies of PCST evaluated in a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial among women with breast cancer and pain (N = 327). Women were randomized to initial doses and re-randomized to subsequent doses based on their initial response (ie, ≥30% pain reduction). A decision-analytic model was designed to incorporate costs and benefits associated with 8 different PCST dosing strategies. In the primary analysis, costs were limited to resources required to deliver PCST. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were modeled based on utility weights measured with the EuroQol-5 dimension 5-level at 4 assessments over 10 months. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed to account for parameter uncertainty. Implementation of PCST initiated with the 5-session protocol was more costly ($693–853) than strategies initiated with the 1-session protocol ($288–496). QALYs for strategies beginning with the 5-session protocol were greater than for strategies beginning with the 1-session protocol. With the goal of implementing PCST as part of comprehensive cancer treatment and with willingness-to-pay thresholds ranging beyond $20,000 per QALY, the strategy most likely to provide the greatest number of QALYs at an acceptable cost was a 1-session PCST protocol followed by either 5 maintenance telephone calls for responders or 5 sessions of PCST for nonresponders. A PCST program with 1 initial session and subsequent dosing based on response provides good value and improved outcomes. PerspectiveThis article presents the results of a cost analysis of the delivery of PCST, a nonpharmacological intervention, to women with breast cancer and pain. Results could potentially provide important cost-related information to health care providers and systems on the use of an efficacious and accessible nonmedication strategy for pain management. Trials RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02791646, registered 6/2/2016.

A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Effectiveness of a Specially Formulated Food Supplement and Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Women With Stress-Predominant Urinary Incontinence [ID: 1372768

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a creatine-leucine-based food supplement and standardized pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in women with stress-predominant urinary incontinence (SUI). METHODS: Women with SUI were randomized to receive daily oral supplementation for 6 weeks with either a supplement or placebo. Both groups were instructed to perform daily PFMT at an intensity of at least 75% of one repetition maximum of 45 pelvic floor muscle contractions per day. The primary outcome was the Urogenital Distress Inventory Short Form (UDI-6) score. Secondary outcomes were the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) score, Biomechanical Integrity (BI) score measured by Vaginal Tactile Imager. To have a power of 80% and a significance level of 5%, a sample size of 32 was needed. The trial was IRB approved. RESULTS: Within-group analysis showed that UDI-6 and IIQ-7 scores improved significantly from baseline to 6 weeks in the treatment group but not in the control group (UDI-6 score [mean±SD], 45±21 versus 29±21, P=.02; 43±18 versus 33±26, P=.22) (IIQ-7 score [mean±SD], 50±30 versus 30±21, P=.01; 48±23 versus 40±28, P=.36). Out of the 52 examined VTI parameters, significantly more parameters improved in the treatment group compared to the control group (11/52 versus 3/52, P=.04). BI-score, on average, improved significantly in the treatment and control group as well (SD unit, mean, from −1.06 to −0.58, P=.001; from −0.66 to −0.42, P=.04). CONCLUSION: Women with SUI receiving a specially formulated supplement in addition to daily PFMT for 6 weeks had improved urinary symptoms (significant decrease in UDI-6 and IIQ-7 scores) and better BI score compared to baseline.

ALGERIAN WOMEN'S ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT AND CONTRIBUTING FACTORS

Among the studies that may be carried out on women are those interested in the evolution and change in their role social status, lifestyle and education. Therefore, the economic empowerment of women in the world, the Arab world and Algeria in particular, is based on several criteria, including gender equality in rights and duties in various fields. Perhaps the first step towards women's economic empowerment requires providing their right to the training and knowledge that will enable them to achieve the financial and economic status they aspire to. In this context, this intervention is based on the extent to which the Algerian public sector contributes to women's formation and training, considering her an effective element in family and society construction. As the poet said: Mother is a school. If you prepare her, you would be preparing people of good races. This training consists on improving the individuals living standards, by providing free and accessible education for everyone, especially women. the factors that helped eliminate women’s illiteracy rapidly in Algeria were the compulsory education before the age of 16, and the imposition of financial fines on parents who forbid their children from primary education, which allowed the female gender to engage intensively at high rates in education, hence high school and university, especially after they manage to achieve higher grades and rates of success and accessing various disciplines at the university. Thus, women's education has contributed to their economic and social empowerment, which may appear in the employment rates of women in Algeria based on educational level, which is considered as a hopeful reflective vision for founding and properly raise the rest of the social groups