Self-esteem In Women Research Articles

The associations between women's empowerment measures, child growth and dietary diversity: Findings from an analysis of demographic and health surveys of seven countries in Eastern Africa.

Evidence on the efficacy of women's empowerment to improve child growth and minimum dietary diversity (MDD) in the Eastern Africa (EA) region is limited. This cross‐sectional study used recent Demographic and Health Survey data of mother–child dyads from seven countries in EA to examine the associations between women's empowerment measures, child growth and MDD. Length‐for‐age z‐scores, weight‐for‐length z‐scores and weight‐for‐age z‐scores were used to categorize growth indicators of 6–23 months old children. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify significant associations. Among all countries, 32%–59% of children experienced growth failure. Children meeting MDD were 18%–45%. Women having self‐esteem were associated with lower odds of stunting (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.62 in Rwanda), wasting (AOR = 0.38 in Uganda), underweight (AORs = 0.60 and 0.57 in Tanzania and Uganda, respectively) and growth failure (AOR = 0.64 in Rwanda). Having health decision control in Burundi was associated with lower odds of stunting (AOR = 0.49) and child growth failure (AOR = 0.52) and higher odds of meeting MDD (AOR = 2.50). Having Legal empowerment among women increased the odds of stunting (AOR = 1.79 in Burundi), underweight (AOR = 1.77 in Uganda) and growth failure (AOR = 1.87 in Burundi). Economic empowerment showed mixed associations with child growth and MDD among some countries. Women's self‐esteem and health decision control were associated with better child growth and MDD for some countries in EA. Nutrition‐sensitive interventions aimed at improving child growth and MDD should consider local contexts when addressing women's empowerment.

Health Related Quality of Life among Reproductive Age Women Having Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

INTRODUCTION: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder commonly seen in young reproductive age women and is manifested by polycystic appearing ovaries on ultrasonography along with oligomenorrhoea or amenorrhoea, hirsutism, obesity and emotional disturbances further leading to infertility and metabolic disturbances as well as chronic illness. These symptoms, however, are frequently linked to decline woman's self-esteem and self-image, and may have an impact on her health-related quality of life (HRQoL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive, web based-cross sectional study was conducted among 686 reproductive age women of Facebook page named PCOS WARRIOR Nepali woman selected conveniently. Structured and standardized health related quality of life questionnaire (German PCOS Questionnaire -g) was used to collect data by posting google form on Facebook page. Obtained data were analysed in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. RESULTS: More than half (50.9%) of the respondents were found to have good quality of life. The most common health related concern was for Infertility (28.57%) and least was for Acne (71.43%). There was statistically significance between Health-related quality of life and Body Mass Index (BMI) (p=<0.001), menstruation Pattern (p=0.013), duration of medication (p=0.002) and presence of co-morbidities (p=0.010) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that more than half of the respondents have good quality of life. Various programmes should be conducted regarding infertility and assisted reproductive technologies giving special attention to the women having PCOS. Management of PCOS should be directed to improve quality of life of PCOS patients.

Evaluation of galectin-3 and ferritin with liver enzymes in women with breast cancer

Cancer, as we know it, refers to more than a hundred different types of malignant tumors that can be found in various tissues throughout the body., including breast cancer. Breast cancer is a life-threatening condition that can have a negative impact on women's self-esteem. The most frequent cancer is breast cancer non-skin malignant tumor and is a type of cancerous tumor that occurs in breast tissue. The current study involved evaluation the level of Galectin-3 and ferritin with liver enzymes in breast cancer women. The study contained the collection of 90 blood samples for women, and the samples were divided into 50 samples for women with breast cancer, their ages ranged from 40-70 years, the samples were collected from the Breast Cancer Center in Baquba General Hospital, and 40 blood samples for healthy women as a control group, and their same ages, during the period from the beginning of October 2021 until the end of December 2021. The findings revealed a considerable rise in the level of Galectin-3 in breast cancer women compared to healthy women.

The understanding of women's sexual self-esteem in the light of the new concept of the sexualized body perception

The present study aims at developing and testing the construct validity of the new concept of “Sexualized Body Perception”, which measures both the relationship that women have with their bodies in a sexual situation, but also the way in which they physically consider different parts of their bodies. In addition, we investigated whether this new construct mediates the relationships between different body items presented in several scientifically validated questionnaires and women's sexual self-esteem. After carrying out various correlative analyzes, a principal component analysis allowed us to define the relationship to the sexualized body. We then posed a series of hypotheses to evaluate the possible mediating or moderating effect of the Sexualized Body Perception between the different items in our questionnaire and female sexual self-esteem. Our results highlighted the mediating role of “Sexualized Body Perception” in the age relationship between BMI and sexual self-esteem for women, as well as a moderating role in the relationship between the SATAQ scale and sexual self-esteem for women. This study shows the critical importance of the “Sexualized Body Perception” in woman sexual self-esteem beyond BMI and, interestingly, beyond age. Finally, this paper also shed light on new potential interventions aiming at improving women's sexual self-esteem. La présente étude vise à développer et à tester la validité de construit du nouveau concept de « Perception du corps sexualisé », qui mesure à la fois la relation que les femmes ont avec leur corps dans une situation sexuelle, mais aussi la manière dont elles considèrent physiquement les différentes parties de leur corps. De plus, nous avons cherché à savoir si ce nouveau concept médiatisait les relations entre différents items corporels présentés dans plusieurs questionnaires scientifiquement validés et l’estime de soi sexuelle des femmes. Après avoir effectué différentes analyses corrélatives, une analyse en composantes principales nous a permis de définir la relation au corps sexualisé. Nous avons ensuite posé une série d’hypothèses pour évaluer l’éventuel effet médiateur ou modérateur de la perception du corps sexualisé entre les différents items de notre questionnaire et l’estime de soi sexuelle féminine. Nos résultats ont mis en évidence le rôle médiateur de la « Perception du corps sexualisé » dans le lien entre l’âge et l’estime de soi sexuelle des femmes, ainsi qu’un rôle modérateur dans le lien entre l’échelle SATAQ et l’estime de soi sexuelle des femmes. Cette étude montre l’importance de la « Perception du corps sexualisé » dans l’estime de soi sexuelle des femmes, au-delà du BMI et, fait intéressant, au-delà de l’âge. Enfin, cet article met également en lumière de nouvelles interventions potentielles visant à améliorer l’estime de soi sexuelle des femmes.

Relationship of Self-Esteem With Body Image and Attitudes Toward Motherhood and Pregnancy.

The current study aimed to determine the relationship of self-esteem with attitudes toward motherhood and pregnancy and body image in Iranian pregnant women. This cross-sectional study included 228 women from Tabriz, Iran. A cluster random sampling method was used. Instruments were the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Scale of Attitudes Toward Motherhood and Pregnancy, and Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. To determine the correlation of self-esteem with attitudes toward motherhood and body image, Pearson correlation test was used in bivariate analysis, and the general linear model (GLM) with adjustment of potential confounders was used in multivariate analysis. There was a direct correlation between self-esteem and body image (r = 0.63) and attitudes toward motherhood (r = 0.45). Results of the GLM showed a significant improvement in attitudes toward motherhood (p < 0.001) and body image (p < 0.001) as self-esteem increased. Based on these results, mental health counseling is recommended to promote pregnant women's self-esteem. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 60(10), 29-37.].

Experimental analysis of the impact of body comparison on non-clinical women

Background and objectivesTwo experimental studies examined the impact that body comparison has on women's body satisfaction and self-esteem. The two studies differed in the use of a human comparator or an avatar (non-human) comparator. The independent variables were the type of body comparison (upward, downward and neutral) and the perceived personality of the comparator. MethodsEach study used a within-participant design. Participants compared themselves to images of women or avatars (previously rated as ‘attractive’, ‘neutral’ or ‘unattractive’), with an accompanying ‘positive’ or negative’ personality descriptor. Participants rated their body satisfaction and self-esteem after each image. ResultsUpward comparison resulted in negative effects for the participant compared to downward and neutral conditions, but downward comparison's impact was only found for human images. The described personality of the image had a more complex impact when using human images, but was still relevant for avatars. LimitationsThe sample for this study was lacking in diversity. Compliance within the experimental tasks was not strictly monitored. The use of a within-subject design might have allowed some participants to deduce the nature of the study. ConclusionsThese findings provide causal evidence for the theorised effects of body comparison on body satisfaction self-esteem. Upward comparison has especially problematic outcomes, even causing negative effects when comparing to a non-human avatar. Downward comparison had positive effects, but only for human images. Furthermore, personality played some moderating role in these outcomes. Social comparison theory needs to be reviewed in light of these findings, and practical implications are discussed.

Budaya Siri’na Pacce terhadap Self Esteem Perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS di Kota Makassar Melalui Pendekatan Transcultural Nursing

This study aims to determine the influence of siri'na pacce culture on women's self-esteem with HIV/AIDS and the factors that influence the level of self-esteem of women with HIV/AIDS in the city of Makassar. This research method is mixed-method research using a transcultural nursing approach. The study results found that all respondents still adhere to the siri'na pacce culture in their families. Based on the questionnaire data analysis, most of the respondents had moderate levels of self-esteem in their families. In conclusion, the factors that influence this are the siri'na pacce culture which is still adhered to by the Bugis Makassar community, the level of education, and the moral support obtained from the family so that women living with HIV can live everyday daily lives even though they only reveal their HIV status to their families. Closest.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: HIV/AIDS, Self Esteem, Siri'na Pacce, Transcultural Nursing

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Group Training on Self-Esteem in Women with Substance Use Disorder

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Group Training on Self-Esteem in Women with Substance Use Disorder

Physical Exercise and Self-Esteem in Women Facing Lockdown-Related Domestic Violence.

The purpose of the present brief report was to examine the effects of a 6-week long physical exercise program on global self-esteem and physical self-perceptions among women who faced lockdown-related domestic violence. Thirty-six domestic violence victims (mean age: 33.4 ± 3.5 yrs-old) were enrolled in this study. Participants were randomly and equally assigned to two intervention (physical exercise, counseling/support group therapy) and one control (no intervention) groups. The French version of the Physical Self-Perception Profile (ISP-25) was administered to all participants pre- and post-study. Mixed-design ANOVAs revealed significant Group by Time interactions for Global Self-Esteem, Physical Condition, and Body Attractiveness. Global Self-Esteem significantly improved in the two intervention groups, with a trend for better improvement in women who exercised compared to those who took part in support group meetings, Cohen’s d = 0.68, 95% confidence interval [‒0.18, 1.54]. On the other hand, only women from the Physical Exercise group reported significant gains in Physical Condition and Body Attractiveness. There was no change in any of the assessed variables for women in the control group. The present study provides new insights on the role of physical exercise in the understudied population of women with domestic violence. Our findings are discussed and related to previous studies.

Effects of Smartphone-Based Compensatory Cognitive Training and Physical Activity on Cognition, Depression, and Self-Esteem in Women with Subjective Cognitive Decline.

Subjective cognitive decline is a symptom that may appear in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. This study examined the effects of smartphone-based calendar training and walking exercise regimen on postmenopausal women experiencing subjective cognitive decline. Experimental group 1 participated in both calendar training and walking exercise, group 2 participated in calendar training only, and the control group did not receive either intervention. Forty-two participants completed a cognitive function test and questionnaire upon entering the study and 12 weeks later. The controlled oral word association score increased in experimental groups 1 and 2 and decreased in the control group. Memory contentment increased in experimental group 1, maintained in experimental group 2, and decreased in the control group. Smartphone-based calendar training and a walking exercise regimen improved executive function and memory contentment in everyday life, but the effects on depressive symptoms and self-esteem were not significant. Our findings demonstrate that smartphone-based calendar training and walking exercise improved cognitive function and have potential as nonpharmacologic interventions to strengthen cognitive function in women experiencing subjective cognitive decline.

Effects of Psychoeducational Interventions Using Mobile Apps and Mobile-Based Online Group Discussions on Anxiety and Self-Esteem in Women With Breast Cancer: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundPsychoeducation has turned into an effective tool in taking care of cancer patients and improving their psychophysical symptoms and quality of life. Despite the growing use of mobile phone apps in medical settings for improving health, evidence supporting their effectiveness in the psychoeducation of patients with breast cancer is rarely available.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of psychoeducational interventions on anxiety and self-esteem in women with breast cancer using a mobile app and an online support group.MethodsAn unblinded randomized controlled trial based on mobile phones was conducted in Shiraz, Iran. A research assistant recruited 82 women with nonmetastatic breast cancer aged 20 to 60 years were from clinics during a face-to-face visit at the point of care and randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=41) and a wait-list control group (n=41) through blocked randomization. The intervention group received psychoeducational interventions through a mobile phone app and participated in nurse-assisted online mobile support sessions for a total four weeks, whereas the control group was put on a waiting list. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used to measure the levels of anxiety and self-esteem as the main outcomes at baseline and one week after the intervention.ResultsA total of 82 patients with a mean age of 46.45 (SD 9.29) years recruited in Winter 2016 were randomly assigned to a wait-list control group (n=41) and intervention group (n=41). Five patients dropped out for different reasons. Comparing the postintervention mean scores of anxiety and its subscales using the independent t test showed statistically significant differences between the mobile psychoeducation group and controls (P<.001). The paired t test used to compare the postintervention mean scores of anxiety with its preintervention scores in the intervention group showed significant reductions in the scores of anxiety (95% CI –17.44 to –8.90, P<.001, d=1.02) and its two subscales (state anxiety: 95% CI –9.20 to –4.21, P<.001, d=0.88 and trait anxiety: 95% CI –8.50 to –4.12, P<.001, d=0.94). Comparing the postintervention mean scores of self-esteem showed statistically insignificant differences between the control and intervention groups (16.87 vs 17.97, P=.24). In contrast with the controls, using the paired t test showed that the increase in the postintervention mean scores of self-esteem were statistically significant in the intervention group compared with the preintervention scores (mean difference 2.05, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.82, P<.001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the key role of mobile apps in decreasing anxiety and improving self-esteem in women with breast cancer through psychoeducational interventions. Similar studies with longer follow-ups are recommended that be conducted in this context.Trial RegistrationIranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT2015072123279N2; https://en.irct.ir/trial/19882

The Impact of Domestic Violence on Women’s Self-Attitude in Kazakhstan

The purpose of the article was to study the problems of domestic violence of women and its consequences in Kazakhstan. The analysis of the results of the study of self-attitude and self-esteem of women subjected to domestic violence. Revealed there is a correlation between the level of self-attitude of domestic violence victims and the non-differentiated I-concept. 140 women participated in the present study, 70 women are control group which not subjected to domestic violence and 70 women of them who have currently reported domestic violence in the Crisis Center "Umit" in Nur-Sultan in the period from November 2017 to October 2019. Quantitative research method was used in terms of survey model by implementing a psychological test “The self-attitude test questionnaire (SA)” that assesses self-relation, differentiated by self-esteem, self-sympathy, self-interest, and expectations of self-reliance of participants. Also, during the study was used personal questionnaire “Who am I?” a variant of non-standardized self-report, approaching the projective methods of personality research. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the answers in terms of their levels of the participants’ self-esteem and self-relation and further, since it was revealed according to the results reflect the difference in the two groups by the values obtained from these scales, the Student's t-test for independent groups was used [2] was used to reveal whether there is any correlation between the components of the scale. The obtained results can be used to interventions and training of family for counselors in order to promote women's self-esteem and self-relation.

Violence against women and its relationship with self-esteem of married women in Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine Relationship between violence against women and self-esteem in women of Tehran. The research method was descriptive. The study population consisted of all married women in Tehran, and the sample consisted of 70 women who were selected by convenience sampling. The questionnaire was consisted of Asayesh &amp; Golpasha Questionnaire on Dimensions of Violence against Women (2016) (AGDVS, 2016), which were completed by subjects. Findings show there is a significant negative relationship between dimensions of violence (economic (p&lt;0/01), hostility (p&lt;0/01), communication (p&lt;0/01), verbal (p&lt;0/05) and total (p&lt;0/01)) and self-esteem. These findings show that dimensions of violence (economic violence, communication, hostility and verbal abuse) are probably more relevant in decreasing of women’s self-esteem. This information can be used to interventions and training of family for counselors and therapists in order to promote women's self-esteem.

Effect of Sexual Esteem and Sexual Communication on the Relationship Between Body Image and Sexual Function in Chinese Heterosexual Women

BackgroundSexual self-esteem and communication on sexual issues with a partner contribute greatly to an individual's quality of sex life; however, their effects on the relationship between body image and sexual function are underexplored. AimTo test a serial mediating pathway of sexual self-esteem and sexual communication underlying the relationship between body image and sexual function. MethodsA total of 510 women aged 18–53 years (mean = 28, SD = 5.5) who were involved in an intimate relationship completed an online survey. OutcomesWomen's (i) body appreciation, (ii) body image self-consciousness during sexual intimacy, (iii) sexual self-esteem, (iv) dyadic sexual communication, (v) negative disclosure apprehension, and (vi) sexual function were assessed. ResultsFindings revealed that sexual self-esteem and dyadic sexual communication played a serial mediating role in the relationship between body image (body appreciation and body image self-consciousness during sexual intimacy) and sexual function, and the relationship between body image and arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain. Sexual self-esteem and negative disclosure apprehension also played a serial mediating role in the relationship between body image and sexual pain. In addition, dyadic sexual communication played a unique mediating role in the relationship between body image and sexual function, which is isolated from the effect of sexual self-esteem. Clinical ImplicationsWomen's sexual self-esteem and sexual communication with their partner can make beneficial contributions to the relationship between body image and sexual function. Therefore, promoting women's positive body image, sexual self-esteem, and sexual communication skills deserves attention from women themselves and clinicians. Strengths & LimitationsThis study used a robust method of data analysis to test the mediating effect of sexual self-esteem and sexual communication to clarify the mechanism underlying the relationship between body image and sexual function among Chinese women; however, causal conclusions cannot be drawn. Furthermore, various demographics including participants' age, education level, sexual orientation—factors such as relationship status and length, relationship functioning, and partner-related variables—and other aspects of sexual self-concept and sexual communication should be examined in future research. ConclusionThe current study indicates that women's thoughts and feelings regarding sexuality and communicating sexual issues with their partner are associated closely with their body image and sexual function.T Wu, Y Zheng. Effect of Sexual Esteem and Sexual Communication on the Relationship Between Body Image and Sexual Function in Chinese Heterosexual Women. J Sex Med 2021;XX:XXX–XXX.

The effect of group cognitive-behavioral counseling on optimism and self-esteem of women during the 1st month of marriage that referring to marriage counseling center.

BACKGROUND:Quality of relationship marital status affects all aspects of family functioning, including sustainability of cohabit living, supporting children, and happiness of couples. This study was conducted to examine the effect of group cognitive-behavioral counseling on optimism and self-esteem of women during the 1st month of marriage that referring to marriage counseling center.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A semi-experimental study was designed by a test, posttest, and follow-up. Participants consisted of 30 women admitted to premarriage counseling center of Farsan city in 2018 with using purposive sampling by random numbers’ table into experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in eight consecutive 2-h group counseling sessions. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and optimism designed by Mir Ahmadi (reliability and validity are calculated and was 0.96) and completed in three rounds. Women's self-esteem retested was done after 1 month. Data were analyzed with independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA (significance level <0.005). Quantitative variables were analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.RESULTS:There were no significant differences between optimism scores in the experimental (M = 150.47, standard deviation [SD] = 22.07) and control groups (M = 149.2, SD = 21.54) prior to intervention (P = 0.875). The mean optimism score was significantly different in intervention (M = 169.33, SD = 17.01) and control (M = 147.2, SD = 22.22) groups immediately after counseling (P = 0.005) and 1 month after counseling (P = 0.002, M = 171.08, SD = 17.98). The mean self-esteem scores were statistically significant in both groups immediately after counseling (P = 0.023, I: M = 37.06, SD = 8.69, C: M = 31.4, SD = 4.83) and 1 month after counseling (P = 0.028, I: M = 34.73, SD = 4.93, C: M = 30.06, SD = 4.8).CONCLUSION:Cognitive-behavioral counseling enhances women's optimism by emphasizing the training of communication and conflict resolution skills, which leads to positive attitude and life satisfaction. Therefore, using cognitive-behavioral counseling in marriage counseling sessions can improve couples’ relationships.

Assessment of health-related quality of life of vesicovaginal fistula patients attending a repair center in Northwest Nigeria.

Introduction:Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) has devastating effects on a woman's hygiene, self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, and environment disrupting all elements of her health. Despite VVF being a persistent condition, very few researches have been conducted in Nigeria to determine the quality of life (QoL) of these patients. This study was carried out with the aim of assessing the QoL of VVF patients receiving care in a repair center in Sokoto, Northwest Nigeria.Materials and Methods:This was cross-sectional study conducted at a VVF repair center in Sokoto. Study population comprised of patients who had undergone VVF repair at the health facility. The total number of study participants present at the facility was 81, and all were recruited into the study. The study assessed socio-demographics and QoL of the respondents. Data obtained were entered into IBM software package and subsequently analyzed. Level of significance was set at 5%.Results:The environmental domain had the highest mean score of 51.7 ± 11.8 while psychological domain had the least score of 41.3 ± 14.3. The mean overall QoL and general health were 49.5 ± 10.2. There was a moderate positive correlation between physical domain score and Age, (r = 0.258, P < 0.005). There was also a positive correlation between psychological domain score and Husband's educational status (rpb = 0.241, P < 0.05). Social relationship domain score positively correlated with being married (rpb = 0.414, P < 0.01).Conclusion:Older study participants had higher mean scores for physical and psychological domains, while younger study participants had higher overall QoL and general health scores compared with older study participants. Future research should compare the pre and postoperative QoL of women who undergo repair of obstetric fistula.

The Relationship among Indonesian Women Self-Esteem with Breast Cancer Beliefs Screening: Attitude, Knowledge, and Barriers to Mammographic

Breast cancer is one of the prevalent non-communicable diseases in developed and under-developed countries, especially Indonesia. It’s necessary to promote and aware breast cancer screening practices for early detection of breast cancer. This study aims to analyze relationship between self-esteem and breast cancer beliefs screening among Indonesian women. This study was conducted with a quantitative approach and performed in Indonesia. Participants of this study were 209 women. Measurement of self-esteem was done by using Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale by Rosenberg, and breast cancer beliefs screening was measured using adaptation of Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire by Kwok, et al. The Results of data analysis showed that self-esteem has positive correlation with knowledge (r = .131, p = .029) and negative correlation with barriers to mammographic screening (r = -.128, p = .039) but, there is no correlation with attitude (r = .091, p = .096). From the results, it can be concluded that Indonesian women with high self-esteem has more knowledge and has little barriers to mammographic screening.

The Impact of Domestic Violence on Women’s Self-Attitude in Kazakhstan

The purpose of the article was to study the problems of domestic violence of women and its consequences in Kazakhstan. The analysis of the results of the study of self-attitude and self-esteem of women subjected to domestic violence. Revealed there is a correlation between the level of self-attitude of domestic violence victims and the non-differentiated I-concept. 140 women participated in the present study, 70 women are control group which not subjected to domestic violence and 70 women of them who have currently reported domestic violence in the Crisis Center "Umit" in Nur-Sultan in the period from November 2017 to October 2019. Quantitative research method was used in terms of survey model by implementing a psychological test “The self-attitude test questionnaire (SA)” that assesses self-relation, differentiated by self-esteem, self-sympathy, self-interest, and expectations of self-reliance of participants. Also, during the study was used personal questionnaire “Who am I?” a variant of non-standardized self-report, approaching the projective methods of personality research. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the answers in terms of their levels of the participants’ self-esteem and self-relation and further, since it was revealed according to the results reflect the difference in the two groups by the values obtained from these scales, the Student's t-test for independent groups was used [2] was used to reveal whether there is any correlation between the components of the scale. The obtained results can be used to interventions and training of family for counselors in order to promote women's self-esteem and self-relation.

Association between Body Image and Self Esteem Among Senior High School Female Students

Introduction. Many teenagers experience dissatisfaction with changes in body shape. Mismatched the reality of actual body shape and ideal body image perception triggers negative body image perception, which can cause a decrease in self-esteem. In terms of gender, women's self-esteem levels tend to be lower compared to men. Methods. This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach, taken at Fons Vitae I Senior High School with stratified random sampling. The body image was measured by using Body Shape Questionnaire-34 (BSQ-34), and self-esteem was measured by using the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) questionnaire. Data are analyzed using chi-square. Results. The total respondents were 109 female students. In univariate analysis, there were 13.8% female students who had dissatisfaction with her body image and 86.2% female students who had satisfaction with her body image. Female students with low self-esteem were 19.3%, and high self-esteem was 80.7%. The bivariate analysis shows that there is a significant association between body image and the level of self-esteem among Senior High School female students (p = 0.039) with OR = 3.511. Conclusion. There is a significant association between body image and level of self-esteem.

Autoestima en escolares diagnosticados con TDAH en colegios educativos, Chillán, Chile

Objetivo: Medir la autoestima de escolares de 8 a 13 años diagnosticados con TDAH. En colegiosparticulares y colegios municipales de la ciudad de Chillán. Metodología: Se utilizó metodologíacuantitativa, transversal. Se aplicó el Test de Autoestima Escolar (TAE) de Marchant, Isabel Haeusslery Torretti. Resultados: Al finalizar la investigación se evidenció diferencia significativa entre laautoestima de los estudiantes de colegios particulares subvencionados y municipales (p = 0,771), eltest estadístico exacto de Fisher no demostró relación entre las variables tipo de colegio y autoestima(p=0,597). La prueba ANOVA no demostró relación entre la variable curso y la autoestima (F= 0,400p=0,844). La prueba T demostró relación entre las variables autoestima y sexo (p=0,039). En cuantoa la comparación por sexo, se observa que existe una diferencia significativa en la autoestima dehombres versus mujeres, siendo los primeros quienes presentan una autoestima más elevada,recomendándose fortalecer la autoestima en la población femenina. Conclusiones: Se recomiendaque exista un trabajo de apoyo psicoafectivo, desde el fortalecimiento de la percepción de laautoestima junto con la inclusión de los estudiantes con TDAH en todas las escuelas municipales ycolegios particulares subvencionados de la ciudad de Chillán. Enfatizando el trabajar con niñas, queson diagnosticadas con TDAH, en función de mejorar la autoestima junto con el autoconcepto queperciban de ellas mismas.