Women's Organizations Research Articles

Assessment of Glass Ceiling Barriers to the Career Advancement of Professional Women in Construction Industry

Women in organisations experience a ‘glass ceiling’ that prevents them from reaching top management levels or executive status in the construction industry thus raising the question of gender equality in the workplace. This study investigates the glass ceiling barrier in the Nigerian construction industry organisations and how this is perceived by the professional women. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of professional women (Architecture, Building, Quantity Surveying and Engineering) who have practiced in the construction industry was adopted. Mean, percentages, independent T-test and ANOVA statistics were utilised for data analysis. The study found that women face high prejudice where they are perceived to be less than men and also there is an unconscious bias due to cultural, tribal and ethnic differences in decision making by top Management. The women who have attained the Fellows cadre in their professional organisations are also treated with respect and are more likely to break through the glass ceiling barrier at an average level. The study concludes that professional women face glass ceiling barriers in their workplaces within the construction industry at an average level. Thus, it is recommended that professionals within construction should have lesser prejudices against women and see them as professionals with same abilities in carrying out task just like their male counterparts.

PENDAMPINGAN MEMPEROLEH SERTIFIKAT HALAL

With the end of the Covid-19 pandemic, it is hoped that the MSME sector will recover. Halal products are very important in today's society. Simultaneously, the Indonesian Ministry of Religion's Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency (BPJPH) issued a regulation that all MSME products must be halal-certified by 2024. Halal certification is very important to ensure consumers feel safe and that what they buy does not violate Islamic rules.
 Knowledge and understanding of SMEs regarding halal certification and business registration numbers (NIB) are still relatively minimal, as indicated by the low number of SMEs with halal certification. In order to increase the number of MSME businesses, this service activity aimed at 60 MSMEs around the University of Lampung area aims to facilitate direct socialization and halal certification of MSMEs. The current halal certification authorization process uses an online system which is preceded by an understanding of halal and socialization of NIB, making it easier and helping SMEs in obtaining halal certification. From this activity, it is hoped that SMEs in Lampung Province can grow better and faster. This service activity is in collaboration with the Halal Center for Muslim Scholars of the Ministry of Religion and the women's organization Women's Empowerment of UMKM (PPUMI) Lampung.

The Birth of the Finance Consumer: Feminists, Bankers and the Re-Gendering of Finance in Mid-Twentieth-Century Sweden

This article examines a series of financial study courses for women in 1950s Sweden, jointly organised by commercial banks and an important non-partisan women's organisation, the Fredrika Bremer Association. The aim is to highlight and explain historical connections between feminism and financialisation. I argue that the feminist aspiration to emancipate women from the curtailments of ‘petty’ domestic finance aligned with the banks’ desire to domesticate financial markets. The performances of ‘female finance’ in these campaigns – striking a balance between PR and empowerment – contributed to the making of a new historical figure, not that of the female investor but rather the consumer of finance. The article not only demonstrates the role of gender in the financialisation of everyday life and in the domestication of finance, but also uncovers a longer pre-history behind these processes that are conventionally associated with neoliberalisation in later decades.

Contesting ‘Global Sisterhood’: The Global Women's Health Movement, the United Nations and the Different Meanings of Reproductive Rights (1970s–80s)

AbstractThe article contributes to a genealogy of the global articulation of reproductive rights principles, as established at the 1994 United Nations (UN) Conference on Population and Development held in Cairo and the UN Women's Conference held in Beijing the following year. It highlights the key role played by an emerging global women's health movement in the 1970s–80s, in shaping UN debates on family planning, women's rights in procreative choice and women's roles in socio‐economic development. The article focuses on the International Campaign for Abortion, Sterilisation and Contraception (est. London 1978) and the Women's Global Network for Reproductive Rights (Amsterdam and Manila 1984; ECOSOC consultative status in 1992). Adopting an intersectional perspective, the paper highlights the local embeddedness of feminist positions, the shortcomings of Western feminism and the ways in which conflicts between women's organisations allowed for an original and evolving concept of reproductive rights to emerge. It is based on UN papers and the archives of the above organisations and family planning movements.

The Identity of Islamic Women in Online Media: A Study Confirming The Message of The Digital Identity of Progressive Women in Suara ’Aisyiyah

The message that conveyed in the redaction determines the identity that is carried in a media. Suara 'Aisyiyah is an organizational magazine that has been managed for 96 years by the central board of of 'Aisyiyah with the tagline The Inspiration of Progressive Women. Suara ‘Aisyiyah Magazine, the main preference for the audience to know Aisyiyah as a women's religious organization needs to emphasize the identity that is carried through what has been written in the contents of the writing contained in the media. The website as a reflection of the Aisyiyah organization with the motto of progressive women. The purpose of this study is to know the identity message of progressive women through the messages that are delivered in Suara 'Aisyiyah's online media like website and Instagram.This study is descriptive qualitative research using narrative content analysis of media texts interpreted by directed content analysis and literature study. Data collection techniques were conducted by interviewing and observing the appearance and redaction. This study shows that the digital identity of Suara 'Aisyiyah refers to the 'Aisyiyah organizational view. The identity of the progressive women is confirmed through the display of writing rubric that are showed on the website including The News Rubric, Studies, Sakinah Family, Insights, Lifestyle, Youth Inspiration and infographics display on Instagram with an emphasis on the message of equal rights between men and women and freeing the human gender discrimination and content knowledge.

Sisterhood Is X: On Feminist Solidarity Then and Now

In the 1970s and 1980s, sisterhood became a critical concept in the making of internationalist feminisms built on an infrastructure of women's movements, international organizations, and postcolonial states. Perhaps most famously, radical feminist Robin Morgan declared over three anthologies and three decades that sisterhood is, in the present tense, powerful (1970), global (1984), and forever (2003). It was envisioned differently by women of color and Third World feminists who saw sisterhood as a critical praxis of survival in the face of authoritarianism. Today, the moral invocation of sisterhood as powerful and forever is far less viable. So, is sisterhood all bad for twenty-first-century feminisms? In this essay, I return to bell hooks's formulations of sisterhood as a pedagogy of political solidarity to ask, what kind of solidarity is possible under the rubric of sisterhood and how might we imagine a global feminist politics of solidarity today?

The Urgency of a Moderate Islamic Spirit for the Liberation and Empowerment of Women Movement

Moderate Islam usually only understood as a counter narrative to radical Islamic movements or conservative Islam such as acts of radicalism, terrorism, and intolerance. Moderate Islam also has an important role in the liberation and empowerment of women. This can be seen in the NU and Muhammadiyah mass organizations as the two main currents of moderate Islam in Indonesia. Therefore, this study will examine the values or spirit contained in moderate Islam in Indonesia, especially the NU and Muhammadiyah mass organizations as the main drivers of moderate Islam in Indonesia and its urgency for the movement of women's liberation and empowerment. This research is a type of descriptive qualitative research with a literature study method. The results showed that Islamic organizations Nahdlatul 'Ulama and Muhammadiyah use contextual interpretation in understanding religious texts. This then gave rise to various women's organizations such as Muslimat or 'Aisyiyah and gender activists who participated in fighting for women's rights through movements, studies, and workshops. The expected conclusion shows that moderate Islamic values with their contextual interpretation are closely related to the spirit of maqashid sharia which is none other than in accordance with the principles of Human Rights (HAM) so as to support gender equality.

DESCRIPTION OF WOMEN'S ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT IN THE PREVENTION OF MATERNAL AND CHILD DEATH

Backgrounds: The maternal mortality rate (MMR) and the infant and under-five mortality rate (IMR and AKABA) are indicators that show the welfare and health of the people in a country.
 Objective: This study aims to conduct a study related to the description of the management of women's organizations in preventing maternal and child deaths.
 Method: The method used is descriptive qualitative, with informants being women's organizations with maternal and child health programs.
 Result: Women's organizations play a role in reducing maternal and child mortality by conducting active counseling, active assistance, educating the community and carrying out activities that support maternal and child health.
 Conclusion: The involvement of women's organizations in the planning and implementation of programs to reduce maternal and child mortality needs continuous efforts and assistance so that the programs run effectively and there is an increase in the knowledge and understanding of mass organizations related to gender and women's health and maternal and child health.

MILLS’ PERSPECTIVE ON SIMA BAHOUS CLOSING SPEECH AT UN-WOMEN ANNUAL SEASON: A FEMINIST CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

The study aimed to find out the women's representation of Sima Bahous' speech entitled "Looking Forward to a Future of Gender Equality" by applying Mills' discourse analysis perspective, such as the subject-object position, reader position, and writer-reader position. The presence of the UN Women organization is a new step and a source of hope for women fighting for gender equality and women's empowerment. Sima Bahous, the woman behind UN Women, contributed to improving the position of women globally through her speech. The descriptive qualitative method was employed in the research supported by the theory of critical discourse analysis with a feminist perspective by Sara Mills. The result showed that in Sima Bahous' selected closing remarks speech, the position of the subject was placed by Sima Bahous as the speaker of her speech and UN Women as the object of the speech. The listener's position was related to the greeting to the listener. Through "mediation" and "cultural codes," this was achieved in a circumstantial manner.

The Role of Aisyiyah's Thought in the Advancement of Early Childhood Education in Kendal District

This study aims to analyze the role of Aisyiyah in the development of education in Kendal Regency in 1950-2020, so as to find out the background of the establishment of Aisyiyah Kendal. Aisyiyah as a special autonomy organization of Muhammadiyah can nurture women to be educated to become leaders, and be prepared to become administrators in the Muhammadiyah women's organization. Aisyiyah's presence in developing her educational role in Kendal Regency has given birth to strong cadres in organization. Aisyiyah's presence in Kendal is inseparable from the arrival of Muhammadiyah ideas and thoughts. Aisyiyah is engaged in social, educational, health and religious domains, this research uses historical methods consisting of heuristics, verification, interpretation, historiography. Aisyiyah has activities with several programs, one of which is in the field of education, especially in Bustanul Athfal Kindergarten (TK), Aisyiyah program on worship guided by the Central Leadership (PP) in Jakarta about Kemuhammadiyahan and Keaisyiyahan.

The Role of The Women's Organization of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in Efforts to Control Cigarette Consumption in Indonesia

The Role of The Women's Organization of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in Efforts to Control Cigarette Consumption in Indonesia

P-318 Epidemiologic analysis of endometriosis awareness in Turkey

Abstract Study question What is the prevalence of endometriosis in Turkey, and what are the impacts of endometriosis-related symptoms on social, occupational, medical, and daily life activities? Summary answer Endometriosis is a debilitating disease that affects 18% of Turkish women of reproductive age. Social, occupational, and psychological functioning are all negatively impacted. What is known already Endometriosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease. It affects about 6–10 percent of women worldwide. It can alter the quality of life, mental health, relationships, and sexuality of the carriers. The delay in the diagnosis of endometriosis causes a loss of workforce, a decrease in productivity, and, most importantly, excessive finances. Previous studies from developed countries show endometriosis carriers have lower annual incomes and higher short or long-term workforce loss. Due to the difficulty of diagnosing most cases, the actual incidence of endometriosis in the population, including in developed countries, is unknown. Study design, size, duration This study used a web-based survey to identify the prevalence of symptoms and endometriosis-diagnosed women. For this purpose, the World Endometriosis Research Foundation (WERF) EndoCost tool was utilized and altered by the Turkish demographic and healthcare background. Between September 15, 2022, and November 2022, the survey was accessible. In this process, 16304 surveys were completed, with 15673 being counted. Participants/materials, setting, methods The survey's applicants were reached through social media platforms (Facebook and Instagram), which included social media accounts of influencers with followers from all over the country, reports of authors and women's support organizations, countywide student clubs of universities, and nurses working on family medicine in all parts of the country delivering to regions of responsibility. The ethical committee approval have been taken from an university hospital ethical commission (E-10840098-772.02-4247). Main results and the role of chance Our study showed that the prevalence of endometriosis in developing countries was not insignificant. This survey had 15673 participants, and 2880 (18.3%) were diagnosed with endometriosis. There was a significant difference in the impact of endometriosis-related symptoms on social, occupational, medical, and daily life between the participants with endometriosis and the non-endometriosis participants. The percentage of participants with endometriosis (1.3%) who reported quitting work/school due to pain was statistically higher than the non-endometriosis population (0.6%) (P = 0.001). Also, 21.2% of endometriosis participants reported feeling socially isolated related to their condition (P = 0.001). One thousand one hundred fifty-two individuals with endometriosis reported work/school difficulties (28.3%), and 224 respondents could not attend class/work due to endometriosis-related symptoms (7.4%). In addition, most respondents with endometriosis (46.0%) reported problems in a personal relationship, and interestingly, according to 1820 (63.2%) participants with endometriosis, people did not believe their pain or symptoms. There is also this to consider: our data shows that the average number of physician visits before diagnosis was four. Limitations, reasons for caution The study is limited by self-reported patient responses that were not confirmed by medical records or other complementary data. Wider implications of the findings Our findings can be used to increase awareness of the prevalence and challenges of endometriosis carriers, which may help develop future prevention programs. Since most participants with endometriosis experience financial difficulties due to their treatment, health policies can be designed to improve this issue. Trial registration number not applicable

Utilization of the Women's Organization of the Samarinda Branch of the Indonesian Student Corps as a Gender-Based Leadership Base

The purpose of the study was to investigate the Utilization of the Women's Organization of the Indonesian Student Corps Samarinda Branch as a Base for Gender-Based Leadership. The research was conducted in a qualitative description with a narrative approach. Conduct in-depth interviews in data collection as many as 10 respondents then the data is collected, reduced, displayed and then drawn conclusions. The results of the study that the use of iGenerations regeneration in Kohati are reviewed based on the basic pattern of Kohati development divided into individual regeneration and group regeneration carried out formally, non-formally and informally. Based on the process of regeneration of iGeneration cadres, several inhibiting and supporting factors can be identified internally and externally. Based on the members' point of view, cadres as participants in gender sensitive cadre training activities influence the success of the forums that are conducted. But on the other hand externally from an organizational point of view. sometimes forums that are built are not maximally and totally able to provide the desired values in a predetermined curriculum. So based on the consideration of the values that exist in the field, it is necessary to carry out a thorough evaluation that does not only focus on how the presenter presents the learning concept, how the participants are able to capture the learning properly. But also the adjustment of the forum discussion curriculum so that it is still able to answer various challenges and problems that are present in the organizational process.

Peran Perempuan dalam Proses Bina Damai: Studi Kasus Aktivis Perempuan di Sudan Selatan (2005-2018)

Amidst the oppressive patriarchal culture, the lingering conflict in South Sudan between 2005-2018 has caused women to experience discrimination and violence. The dissatisfaction of women activists with the social system and the protracted conflict eventually encouraged them to participate in the peacebuilding process. This article examines the role of women in the peacebuilding activities by describing the work of women activists in South Sudan. The study is conducted qualitatively by applying the case study method and utilizing the Feminist methodology to comprehensively examine individuals and women's activist organizations activities in peacebuilding through the women perspective. This research finds that women activists play a role in the peacebuilding process at every level of the actor pyramid, from grassroots, middle, to top level. Positive and transformative changes take place as the result of their roles. At the top level, the peacebuilding efforts have encouraged the South Sudanese government to involve women activists in the peace negotiation process withSudan and ensure gender equality in the formulated constitution. At the middle and lower levels, peacebuilding efforts succeeded in convincing South Sudanese to support the implementation of gender equality as part of conflict resolution. Keywords: Women; Peacebuilding; Gender Equality; Discrimination; South Suda

The Aisyiyah Women's Preaching Movement in Assisting Divorce Cases

The family is the smallest part of society. Whole and harmonious family is coveted by every family. But not all couples can maintain a harmonious family. There are many families who have problems in their households so that they file for divorce at the Religious Courts. the divorce rate is also high. The ‘Aisyiyah women's organization feels compelled to provide divorce assistance. ‘Aisyiyah, who oversees the Law and Human Rights Council, formed a Legal Aid Post (posbakum) which is engaged in providing assistance in divorce cases. The method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The results of the research are that the Posbakum carry out mediation, using several approaches, namely the faith approach, the worship approach and the psychological approach. The results of the mediation can be seen through the data, namely out of 15 cases handled during a year, 7 cases canceled their divorce plans and 8 cases continued. Obstacles encountered in mediation are internal and external. From the internal partner, there is an ego that is still put forward by each partner. There are also those who are infected with disease. Meanwhile, externally there is family intervention, so that the couple continues their separation.

Empowering Women through Media in Algerian Non-Governmental Organizations

The media is a tool that many NGOs employ all over the world. This study aims to investigate the strategy used by women's non-governmental organizations in Algeria to promote and advocate for problems impacting women's rights and empowerment. This is accomplished by looking into how non-governmental organizations mobilize their resources and use specific techniques to support women's empowerment programs through an exploratory analysis. This study is descriptive and opts for a mixed method that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. More precisely, it used a structured questionnaire distributed to 200 respondents and 16 semi-structured interviews directed to NGO administrators from fourteen different NGOs in Algiers. The findings reveal that NGOs select media tools depending on their relevance to their intended audiences and methods. While conventional media channels were not widely utilized by NGOs but were successful in achieving their PR aims, social media had a greater influence on individuals. However, some non-governmental organisations utilized it to influence the public opinion through encouraging activity and bringing attention to women's problems. In light of women's increased exposure in new environments, such as social media, and investigating the function of newly formed spaces in the empowerment process should be explored and assessed further to help NGOs do more effective work in this area.

How the COVID-19 Pandemic Influenced HIV Care: Are We Prepared Enough for Future Pandemics? An Assessment of Factors Influencing Access, Utilization, Affordability, and Motivation to Engage with HIV Services amongst African, Caribbean, and Black Women.

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in disruption in healthcare delivery for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). African, Caribbean, and Black women living with HIV (ACB WLWH) in British Columbia (BC) faced barriers to engage with HIV care services prior to the COVID-19 pandemic that were intensified by the transition to virtual care during the pandemic. This paper aims to assess which factors influenced ACB WLWH's access to, utilization and affordability of, and motivation to engage with HIV care services. This study utilized a qualitative descriptive approach using in-depth interviews. Eighteen participants were recruited from relevant women's health, HIV, and ACB organizations in BC. Participants felt dismissed by healthcare providers delivering services only in virtual formats and suggested that services be performed in a hybrid model to increase access and utilization. Mental health supports, such as support groups, dissolved during the pandemic and overall utilization decreased for many participants. The affordability of services pertained primarily to expenses not covered by the provincial healthcare plan. Resources should be directed to covering supplements, healthy food, and extended health services. The primary factor decreasing motivation to engage with HIV services was fear, which emerged due to the unknown impact of the COVID-19 virus on immunocompromised participants.

Women, Gender and Human Rights: Women's International Organisations and Solidarity with Chile

AbstractThis article analyses the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom's (WILPF) and Women's International Democratic Federation's (WIDF) fact‐finding missions sent to Chile in 1974. It explains how women's international organisations presented reports and information about human rights abuses during Genera Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship (1973–1990). By using their publications, oral interviews, memoirs and press reports, the study sheds light on the extensive efforts deployed by the WILPF and WIDF to disseminate knowledge and promote actions designed to improve the lives of Chilean women. The article shows that women's international organisations promoted inclusive ideas of rights, including women's particular experiences under military rule, and that such efforts built in the organisations' previous experiences of human rights activism.

Embracing the Language of Human Rights: International Women's Organisations, Feminism and Campaigns Against the Marriage Bar, c.1919–1960

AbstractThis article considers four international women's organisations – the International Council of Women, the International Alliance of Women for Suffrage and Equal Citizenship, the International Federation of University Women and the Open Door International – and their campaigns for the right of married women to undertake paid work. It examines how each organisation adopted and engaged with the language of human rights in the late 1920s and 1930s. It is argued that after 1948, precisely because of its formal adoption by the UN, the language of human rights became less usable as a way to make the point that women still faced inequalities, and so other framings became more significant. This article contributes to historiographies on international women's organisations, offers a detailed discussion of their activism against the marriage bar, and challenges the conventional chronology of the concept and language of human rights.

Changing the narrative and gendering Kenyan political history: Jael Mbogo's fight for parliamentary elections in the 1960s

ABSTRACT In 1969, Jael Mbogo was among the first women to campaign for a parliamentary seat since Kenya became independent in 1963. Her opponent was Mwai Kibaki, a young and promising politician, then minister of finance and who later became Kenya's third president. Though she had been the head of the most powerful women's organisation and regularly wrote opinion pieces in one of the biggest national newspapers, Jael was fairly unknown. And yet, her name made the headlines as she almost defeated Kibaki in an election tarred with irregularities. But her campaign has remained a mere footnote in a historiography that only focuses on winners and pays little attention to the women who vied for, but never rose to, positions of power. Building on Jael's articles and oral testimony, this article explores the genesis of her political commitment to women's social and political empowerment and reconstructs her campaign for the 1969 parliamentary elections. It argues for a shift away from a conceptualisation of politics and political history that solely focuses on (male) winners in favour of a history that makes space for resilient and wilful female leaders.