Women's Efforts Research Articles

Shedding light on the ‘invisible load’: an analysis of sight metaphors in parenthood podcasts

ABSTRACT This paper intends to establish which sight metaphors are preferably utilised in parenthood podcast discourse when the division of family responsibilities within heterosexual dual-income couples is discussed. The study examines a sample of podcast episodes about this topic aired during the COVID-19 pandemic and produced in a number of English-speaking countries. Starting from the assumption that work performed within the home is conventionally conceptualised as something heavy (DOMESTIC WORK IS A LOAD), the research relies on Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Critical Metaphor Analysis to explore the ways in which the ‘load’ source domains combines with that of ‘vision’. Results indicate the widespread presence of invisibility metaphors in relation to women's work within their households. The adoption of such rhetorical figures has noteworthy ideological repercussions: labelling mothers’ contributions to their families as ‘invisible’ produces the paradoxical effect of making them very noticeable, thus validating women's efforts and highlighting their crucial importance. The use of metaphorical patterns involving the sense of sight thus represents an instance of counter discourse that spreads awareness about the devaluation of housework and childcare and might ultimately contribute to family and societal transformation.

Coping With Side Effects: A Daily Diary Study in Women With Breast Cancer Living With Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy.

Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) is increasingly being prescribed for up to 10years to people diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. AET intake is often accompanied by side effects that significantly impact the well-being of people. The way individuals cope with medication-related side effects might play a pivotal role in their emotional adaption. This intensive-longitudinal study investigated the association between self-reported coping strategies (Brief COPE) and psychological well-being (Patient Health Questionnaire-4) among women undergoing AET. A multilevel factor analysis resulted in the identification of four coping factors, namely, problem-focused, support-focused, meaning-focused, and avoidance-focused coping. Daily coping efforts and experienced side effects were analyzed as predictors of psychological well-being using multilevel modeling. A total of 215 women (Mage=56.5±10.9years) participated, resulting in a total of n=2080 daily surveys (M=9.67±1.08). On average, women reported 3.7±2.2 different side effects per day. Days characterized by an elevated frequency of side effects and increased burden were associated with diminished well-being. Using more problem- and meaning-focused strategies than usual to cope with side effects correlated positively with well-being. Conversely, employing more support- and avoidance-focused coping strategies than usual was linked to reduced psychological well-being. Exploratory analyses focusing on individual coping strategies provided nuanced insights into coping behaviors. The present findings underscore the relationship between women's coping efforts concerning medication-related side effects during AET and their daily well-being. Psychosocial education (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy) may offer valuable benefits for patients by helping them develop adaptive coping strategies to manage side effects.

Exploring Gender Constructs in Media Narratives

This paper seeks to examine the discourse of women who have experienced marital violence as depicted in Moroccan media. Specifically, we will investigate how these women justify their discourse through authorization, aiming to construct arguments that portray them as victims and vilify their abusive husbands. Our analysis focuses on content from Medi 1TV, particularly the talk show "Qesset Nnass" (the story of people), where women articulate their viewpoints through authorization, conveying messages that require contextual understanding for interpretation. Our research is guided by the premise that the interaction between media and audience is intricate and significant, serving as a platform for women to validate their experiences while challenging the actions of their abusers, and providing Moroccans with an avenue to express their perspectives on these issues. Consequently, we aim to assess the effectiveness of these women's persuasive efforts within the show. Given the nature of our topic, our research employs a combination of methodologies. While we utilize a qualitative approach to analyze the discourse of the women subjected to violence through direct observation, we also employ a quantitative method to examine audience comments. This methodological approach enables us to explore the relationship between media content and public opinion, shedding light on the extent of its mutual and direct influence.

Storytelling dreams and life: Traveling across worlds in the Amazon of Ecuador

In response to the expansion of the mining frontier in the Ecuadorian Amazon, rural and Indigenous women are leading processes that resist mining-related violence while reconfiguring colonial power dynamics. Although women's efforts have become visible through regional grassroots organizing, public protests, marches, political manifestos, and bodily organized resistance to mining, little is written about the long-term processes, social relations, and epistemologies women use to contest power. This article illuminates “Storytelling Dreams and Life,” a Kichwa epistemology aimed at communicating and networking across colonial differences while building support networks across scales. It relies on dreams and testimonies that speak of women's relationships with the forest, including more than humans: animals, insects, and bodies of water. Women understand their bodies and livelihoods as intrinsically tied to the forest. Defense struggles are about upholding relational forest interdependences and politicizing domestic and reproductive care practices that make life possible. Women's storytelling provides us with an epistemology and a decolonial and communications methodology that requires sharing intimate accounts of mining-related violence and resistance. The sharing is emotional and vivid as it aims at bringing interlocutors as close as possible to the teller's experience. I argue women's epistemic practices enable intersubjective understandings of each other's experiences and, therefore, a way to travel into each other's worlds across bodies while furthering women's support networks across scales. Women's storytelling adds to Communitarian Feminisms and its efforts to decolonize hierarchization in organized struggles, and it adds to Body-Territory epistemology by specifying how knowledge and struggles both shaped and are shaped by forest relational worldviews.

Women Ulema's Perceptions of Efforts to Resolve Patriarchal Hegemony in Pesantren

Students with all the activities they undertake, have responsibility for their environment, because they both have complementary responsibilities. Various activities that require order from the students, of course, must be done together without exception looking at gender (men and women have the same position), but the reality that occurs is that patriarchal culture often corners women (santriwati) as objects of gender injustice. This article aims to see how the perception of Women Ulema towards efforts to resolve patriarchal hegemony in Islamic boarding schools. The data was obtained through interviews with Female Ulama, namely Nyai, who also plays a role in the academic field. The results of this research found several efforts to resolve patriarchal hegemony in Islamic boarding schools, namely by improving the learning system in Islamic boarding schools, training leadership, conducting conservative education, reframing the understanding of religious doctrines that are not women-friendly and fair in dividing tasks between male and female students and prioritizing human values (humanization). So this research is very interesting and becomes a new study because it focuses on solving women's resistance efforts that have not been able to tear down patriarchal fortresses.

Women Empowerment in India since 1947: A Critical Analysis

The issue of women's empowerment is not new, this is an early concept. To empower the nation, we should empower the women. Discrimination between men and women, domestic violence, lack of education, lack of awareness about the government's efforts for women's empowerment and sexual harassment are the most common problems faced by women. Although various measures have been taken by the government and supporting bodies. The purposes of this paper are to explore the various schemes, acts, and laws for women's empowerment and to identify the status of women at present. For this research, various secondary resources like research papers, reports by various ministry organisations and reports by government, non-government and international organizations are used. Government and other supporting bodies' role in women's empowerment is reviewed. Based on analysis, it was found that women are not aware of their social and legal rights, especially in rural areas. They feel inferior to themselves economically or socially or prestigiously compared to men. Though several steps have been taken by the government and other supporting bodies like NGO’s, still the women's condition in society is not satisfactory. Various rules and regulations have been formulated but the government must ensure that these rules are followed properly in the society. Women do not even know their rights; education can improve these inequalities. So, more efforts need to be made for women empowerment, so that women can use their full potential and contribute to themselves, family, society, and country. At the end of research paper, it was concluded that to encourage women empowerment women’s education, employment opportunities and support for self-employment must be promoted.

Pregnant Women's Efforts to Prevent Stunting During Pregnancy at the Akbar Medika Clinic, Mojokerto Regency

Stunting is another form of growth failure and chronic malnutrition. Stunting can occur before birth and is caused by very poor nutritional intake during pregnancy, very poor eating patterns, low food quality in line with the frequency of infections so that it can inhibit growth. Stunting prevention is an important priority, especially during pregnancy. The aim of this research is to describe the efforts of pregnant women to prevent stunting during pregnancy at the Akbar Medika Clinic, Mojokerto Regency. The research design used in this research is descriptive. The population was all third trimester pregnant women at the Akbar Medika Clinic, Mojokerto Regency, totaling 30 people, the sampling technique used was a non-probability sampling technique, accidental sampling type, totaling 28 people. The results of this research are that efforts to prevent stunting during pregnancy among pregnant women in the third trimester are mostly good (64.3%). Mother's characteristics and sociodemographics are related to stunting prevention behavior, some of which are age and education. The older the mother gets, the better the knowledge she gets and the better mindset she has, thus making the mother behave well. With higher education, mothers can more easily receive information and are able to apply all things or behavior that are good for their pregnancy.

Smart HygineMate Hub: A Smart Vending Machine

Activists and groups concerned with women’s health and hygiene as well as news articles, social media, and discussions have brought attention to the issue of sanitary pads selling machines. The need of convenient access to sanitary pads through vending machines particularly in public locations like schools, colleges, airports, hotels and public restrooms, was made more widely known through the efforts of Women’s Rights Organization, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Government Initiatives. As a part of larger discussion surrounding menstrual hygiene and women’s empowerment this topic attracted attention. By automating inventory management, providing touchless interactions, various payment modes and enhancing security, the model provides a streamlined user experience. This technology also yields a valuable data insight, reduced maintenance efforts and facilitates personalized user profiles. Ultimately it contributes in improving menstrual hygiene and accessibility. The lack of scanner which makes it difficult for people in need of sanitary pads in emergencies, the difficulty of promptly monitoring and replenishing the machines, sanitary pads supply are the two of the main issues with the existing sanitary pad vending machines. Additionally consistent resources and work are needed to maintain and keep sanitary pad vending machines operational. Further issue still exists of affordability of the vending machines particularly in the rural areas due to limited resources. These issues mainly attracted to work and research on making a vending machine which will be cost effective, simplified and user-friendly machines with the use of edge cutting technologies.

Gender Role Dynamics in Economic Development: Challenges and Opportunities for Women's Empowerment

The role of gender in economic development has become a major concern in the context of women's empowerment. This article investigates those dynamics with a focus on the challenges and opportunities faced in women's economic empowerment efforts. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, we explore the role of gender in economic development, explain the various challenges women face in access and control of economic resources, and identify opportunities to increase their empowerment. We also discuss the impact of gender roles in the context of global and regional economic development.

Empowerment or alienation? Teaching gender and development in postcolonial contexts

ABSTRACT This paper explores how culture, religion, gender, and the politics of knowledge production were entangled in the mission, policies, and practices of the Asian University for Women (AUW) in Bangladesh. The article contributes to documenting how decolonisation efforts in women’s education and empowerment play out in an institution located in the periphery and established with an explicit mission for women’s empowerment. The article critically looks at the (sometimes) contradictory discourses, desires, and agencies at the student, community, staff, and institutional levels, along with the power dynamics and reproduction of colonial and postcolonial practices and legacies in the context of operationalising gender and development (GAD), highlighting the paradoxes and challenges that arise from such endeavours. Finally, this case study highlights how pedagogies of community building at the institutional level become integral in responding to such tensions and conflicts and in countering the alienation from culture and religion that global practices of GAD often create.

“Boasa Hami Ingkon Gabe Sipangoloi?” Eksistensi Perempuan Batak Dalam Film Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap

Women existence is often in an ambiguous position. Women are sometimes acknowledged for their existence, but on the other hand they are also often looked down. The culture have a significant influence on understanding a woman's existence. One of them is in Batak culture, the hierarcy pattern between men and women is very thick with patrilineal elements and this is very detrimental to the existence of women in their lifes. Batak women's efforts to find their existence are often seen as a form of resistance to patriarchal culture. This is what ultimately results in women being asked to be 'obedient' figures in the sense of obeying all orders and even depending on men. This paper will look at how the existence of women in an existentialist feminist perspective, especially from Beauvoir's point of view. Existentialist feminists will dismantle the patrilineal element and reconstruct it so that the existence of women, especially Batak, is not always under the influence of men. Batak women also have the autonomous right to express opinions, to be heard, to be empowered and to dream their goals.Keywords: existence, feminist, patrilineal.

Blaming the house: women's efforts to preserve marriage in a rural Sinhala village

AbstractIn rural Sri Lanka, marital tension, frequently leading to violence, is an increasing problem. This article explores how the house becomes both the source of problems and a possible solution to them. By examining the way that the social, material, and symbolic dimensions of houses are made to interact, I show how women effect the shaping of social relations and homemaking. Specifically, I focus on how houses become spaces where women are expected to embody the ideals of wifehood and motherhood, thereby creating and maintaining a ‘good house’. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted over fourteen months in a rural village, I illustrate the ways in which women actively engage in strategies to construct and preserve their houses as spaces free from violence. I describe how women, in addition to their traditional caregiving roles, employ the science of architecture (vāstu vidyava) to restructure their houses as a way to promote peace and prosperity. As a result, houses emerge as strategic allies in women's lives, facilitating their pursuit of the desired ‘good life’.

Progress and Hurdles: India’s Pursuit of Gender Equality Under Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)-5

This research paper focuses on Sustainable Development Goal-5 (SDG-5) in India and analyses the government's efforts to promote gender equality and women's empowerment. The study examines various programs such as Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, Mahila E-Haat, PM Ujjwala Yojana, and Sukanya Samridhi Yojana, among others, to assess the progress made towards achieving SDG-5 targets. The findings suggest that India has made significant strides in addressing gender disparities and improving women's socio-economic status in various sectors. However, despite notable achievements, several challenges persist, hindering the full realization of SDG-5 objectives. This paper provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of government interventions, identifies areas for improvement, and offers recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to advance gender equality and women's empowerment efforts in India.

Machine learning-based prediction of abdominal aortic aneurysms for individualized patient care

ObjectiveThe United States Preventative Services Task Force guidelines for screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are broad and exclude many at risk groups. We analyzed a large AAA screening database to examine the utility of a novel machine learning (ML) model for predicting individual risk of AAA. MethodsWe created a ML model to predict the presence of AAAs (>3 cm) from the database of a national nonprofit screening organization (AAAneurysm Outreach). Participants self-reported demographics and comorbidities. The model is a two-layered feed-forward shallow network. The ML model then generated AAA probability based on patient characteristics. We evaluated graphs to determine significant factors, and then compared those graphs with a traditional logistic regression model. ResultsWe analyzed a cohort of 10,033 patients with an AAA prevalence of 2.74%. Consistent with logistic regression analysis, the ML model identified the following predictors of AAA: Caucasian race, male gender, advancing age, and recent or past smoker with recent smoker having a more profound affect (P < .05). Interestingly, the ML model showed body mass index (BMI) was associated with likelihood of AAAs, especially for younger females. The ML model also identified a higher than predicted risk of AAA in several groups, including female nonsmokers with cardiac disease, female diabetics, those with a family history of AAA, and those with hypertension or hyperlipidemia at older ages. An elevated BMI conveyed a higher than expected risk in male smokers and all females. The ML model also identified a complex relationship of both diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia with gender. Family history of AAA was a more important risk factor in the ML model for both men and women too. ConclusionsWe successfully developed an ML model based on an AAA screening database that unveils a complex relationship between AAA prevalence and many risk factors, including BMI. The model also highlights the need to expand AAA screening efforts in women. Using ML models in the clinical setting has the potential to deliver precise, individualized screening recommendations.

DIVERSE, HIGH-ACHIEVING YOUNG WOMEN AND THE PURSUIT OF ENGINEERING: ACCESS, ACCUMULATION, AND ACTIVATION OF CAPITAL

U.S. women continue to be underrepresented in engineering. Based on seven years of longitudinal, qualitative data on high school-to-college pathways of high-achieving young women (n &amp;#61; 57)-many of whom were women of color from low-income families and all of whom expressed interest in engineering- we examine the economic, social, and cultural capital that affected their persistence in engineering, and we introduce the concept of "engineering capital." In this article, we focus on seven of these young women to examine how positioning in the hierarchy of U.S. society affected their ability to access, accumulate, and activate engineering-related capital in pursuit of college engineering and how relevant institutions responded to the women's efforts. We conclude that the coordination of capital, identity formation, and stamina necessary to pursue engineering is extremely difficult without the benefit of a highly privileged set of circumstances.

The Influence of Patriarchal Society on the Reconstruction of Feminine Identity in the Selected Novels of R. K. Narayan and Mulk Raj Anand: A Comparative Study

The study compares how patriarchal culture affects the reconstruction of the feminine self in several novels by top Indian authors R.K. Narayan and Mulk Raj Anand. The writers examine social dynamics and cultural influences to highlight the difficulties women face when redefining themselves in patriarchal societies. In The Guide and The Dark Room, R.K. Narayan portrays women within Indian culture. Rosie and Savitri show how women struggle to escape cultural norms. Rosie breaks patriarchal norms by becoming a dancer, and Savitri's journey from modest housewife to confident woman illustrates women's challenges. Mulk Raj Anand's Untouchable and Two Leaves and a Bud graphically show how patriarchy affects women. Female tea plantation workers, Bakha's sister, and other Anand characters represent women's oppression and exploitation due to class hierarchies and societal norms. The characters' fight for equality and dignity is shaped by class and gender relations. The study uses secondary and qualitative research methods and pragmatism to understand the reconstruction of the feminine character in these two authors' novels. As the discussion and analysis section shows, both authors wanted to show women's efforts to escape their misery by empowering them because they could not make independent decisions. Both authors discuss how patriarchal ideas and social norms shape feminine identity and women's struggles for self-discovery, independence, and empowerment. Narayan and Anand's female protagonists challenge social norms and fight for equality.

The Effectiveness Of A Nutritional Education-Based Module For Pregnant Women In Preventing Stunting

Background: Maternal intake, especially during pregnancy, is one factor that plays an important role. Improvement of nutrition and health of pregnant women is closely related to the level of education, knowledge, and attitudes in meeting nutritional needs during pregnancy. Explain the Effectiveness of the Module for Pregnant Women based on Nutrition education, Nutritional Status, Knowledge, and attitudes of Pregnant Women in efforts to prevent stunting. Methods: The research design is pre-experimental with one group pre-test and post-test. They are held at one of the Puskesmas in Palembang from June to September 2023. Sampel is pregnant women with inclusion criteria, measuring nutritional status, knowledge, and attitudes of pregnant women before and after intervention with the Pregnant Women Module. Probability sampling variables and research variables of knowledge level, attitude, and nutritional status. The instruments used are questionnaires, and data are analysed with t-test statistics. Results: Based on the T-test, there was a significant influence on respondents' level of knowledge and attitudes after being given treatment. The t-test (2-tail) result &gt; 0.05 showed no significant difference between initial and late nutritional status based on HB measurements. This showed no significant effect of treatment with the module of pregnant women on nutritional status. While nutritional status is based on LILA measurements, The T-test results have a significance value (2-tail) &lt; 0.05. This shows that there is a significant effect of intervention on nutritional status after being given treatment Conclusion: The nutrition education-based module for pregnant women has a significant effect on the level of knowledge and attitudes of respondents. There was an increase in knowledge, attitudes, and nutritional status of respondents after nutrition education. It is hoped that pregnant women, after nutrition education, can understand more about Balanced Nutrition and stunting prevention during pregnancy and after childbirth. They are processing the daily food menu with healthy and nutritious food ingredients so that chronic lack of energy and anaemia do not occur during pregnancy.

Timorese Women's Efforts in Fighting for Gender Equality (Study of the Decision of the Kefamenanu District Court)

The issue of women's gender equality in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) province provides important insights into gender roles in local communities. In her analysis, Mills highlights that women in Timor still face many challenges in achieving gender equality. Mills also highlights that women in Timor often face discrimination and violence, especially in domestic situations. This suggests that while there are laws that support gender equality, implementation is far from perfect. However, Mills also points out that there are some efforts that have been made to improve gender equality in Timor. This research is descriptive qualitative in nature using the critical discourse analysis approach of the Sara Mills model. The data in this study are Supreme Court decision documents. The subject of the research is the Supreme Court decision document, Kefamenanu district court. The object of research is decisions related to sexual violence against women in 2022 and 2023. The conclusion of this research is that Timorese women can show their existence in facing the patriarchal culture that often discriminates against their people in Timor.

Editorial

Editorial

A Close Study on Domestic Violence Against Women: Islamic Perspectives and Remedies

Women empowerment refers to the process of giving women the power to take control of their lives, rights, and decision-making. It is about creating a society where women are treated equally, with respect, and have access to the same opportunities as men. It involves promoting women's education, encouraging their participation in politics, and breaking down gender stereotypes. However, prevailing information of domestic violence against women is rampant in many places around the world. Domestic violence is a form of abuse that can occur in any intimate relationship. It can take many forms, including physical, emotional, sexual, and financial abuse. It is crucial to protect individuals from domestic violence, especially women, who are most often the victims of this type of abuse. Islam recognizes the rights of women and emphasizes their equality with men. Women have the right to own property, inherit, and engage in business. The religion also promotes modesty and respect for women, including the obligation to protect them from harm. As well as Islam addresses domestic violence through teachings of respect, communication, patience, and consent between spouses. It prohibits harm, emphasizes gender equality, and encourages seeking guidance from knowledgeable sources and family support. By promoting these principles, Islam aims to prevent domestic violence, foster healthy relationships, and ensure the well-being and dignity of all family members. The United Nations has recognized the severity of this issue and has implemented various initiatives to combat domestic violence. We must all work together to ensure that everyone is safe and free from abuse in their own homes. Their motto for this effort is "Women's Rights are Human Rights," which was famously declared by Hillary Clinton during her speech at the 1995 United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, China. The UN has since adopted this statement as a guiding principle for their gender equality and women's empowerment efforts worldwide. It is essential to emphasize the role of education and communication in protecting women from domestic violence. By educating individuals on what constitutes abuse and how to recognize the signs, we can empower them to take action and seek help. Additionally, open and honest communication between partners can prevent misunderstandings and potential conflicts that may escalate into violence. We must continue to prioritize education and communication as solutions to combat domestic violence and ensure the safety and well-being of all individuals, particularly women. The qualitative research methodology is applied in this research and the article will be published in an index journal at the earliest.