Anxiety In Women Research Articles

Effect of Auriculotherapy on the Anxiety of Women After Cesarean Section: A Clinical Trial

Introduction: Anxiety after cesarean section can delay the recovery process of mothers after delivery. Auriculotherapy as a complementary medicine may be beneficial in reducing maternal anxiety. Objective: This study assesses auriculotherapy’s effect on women’s anxiety after cesarean section. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 68 women after cesarean section in a teaching hospital in Rasht City, Iran. The mothers were assigned into intervention groups (n=34) and control (n=34). In the intervention group, auriculotherapy was performed by Vaccaria seeds on 1 point in the left ear and 5 points in the right ear. The mothers’ anxiety was measured by the Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) before, 3, and 10 days after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed by using the independent t-test, Fisher exact test, and repeated measures ANOVA. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was also used to compare the STAI score between the two groups after the intervention. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The Mean±SD age of the participants was 31.8±7.2 years. In the intervention group, no significant difference was found in the state and trait anxiety scores from baseline to day 3 after the intervention. However, their mean scores were significantly reduced on the 10th day after the intervention compared to the scores at baseline and day 3 (P=0.001). In the control group, the mean state anxiety score on the third day was significantly higher than at baseline and day 10 (P=0.001, η2=0.249). At the same time, there was no significant difference in trait anxiety scores from the baseline to the third day. However, these values increased on day 10 (P=0.001). According to the ANCOVA results, the adjusted means of state and trait anxiety in the intervention group were lower than in the control group on the 3rd and 10th days; these values decreased more from the third to the tenth day (P=0.001, η2=0.829). Conclusion: Auriculotherapy effectively reduces mothers’ anxiety after cesarean section. Therefore, health service providers, especially midwives, can use this complementary medicine to reduce mothers’ anxiety.

The Negative Relationship Between Social Media and Body Image of Women

Nowadays, women are plagued by body anxiety, and social media is gradually destroying women's confidence and deepening women's body image. It's not just teenage women, adult women are also suffering from body images. On social media, women are always troubled by body image and attacked by the outside world. The purpose of this paper is to determine how social media affects women's body image and to identify the types of women who are most influenced by it. This article provides the background information about social media and body image, and also consider the factors that social media influence women in daily life. The paper finds that most of female is struggle with body image and suffer from the body sham. It is clear that social media and body image force many women struggle with poor mental health, and even affect their physical health, in the end of the article, the solutions about addressing the body image in social media, family and individual are provided. Through this article, women's mental health and body anxiety will be paid attention to, and hopefully more women will come out of body anxiety. Future research should focus more comprehensively on women's body image, such as life habits, age, interests and hobbies.

The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Based Therapy on Death Anxiety in Women with Breast Cancer in Shiraz

The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Based Therapy on Death Anxiety in Women with Breast Cancer in Shiraz

Effectiveness of prenatal yoga on pregnant women's anxiety and duration of labour

The birth process involves physical and psychological mechanisms. Anxiety creates physical and psychological tension, interfering with the birth process. The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Yoga on pregnant women's an’iety and labor duration. This study used an experimental design with a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) involving 60 pregnant women divided into two groups: Yoga and walking (30 participants each). The variables studied were pregnant women's anxiety and the duration of labor. The sampling technique was conducted using block randomization. Data were analyzed using the Independent T-test. The Yoga group attended 30-minute sessions twice weekly, while the walking group engaged in the same frequency and duration of walking until giving birth. Anxiety levels were measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) before and one month after the intervention in both groups. The duration of labor was measured using partographs and medical records during delivery for both groups. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and independent t-test. Pregnant women in both the Yoga and walking groups experienced reduced anxiety scores, with a decrease of 11.6%, and statistically significant p-values of <0.05. The duration of labor was significantly shorter in the Yoga group (mean: 2.65 hours, SD: 1.01) compared to the walking group (mean: 4.01 hours, SD: 2.54), with a mean difference of 1.36 hours and a p-value of <0.05. Prenatal Yoga in the third trimester reduces pregnant women's an’iety and shortens the duration of labor. It can be suggested as an alternative exercise for pregnant women to improve maternal health during pregnancy and childbirth.

The Effect of Yoga on Maternal Anxiety in Women with Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) and anxiety are comorbid conditions that increase the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of yoga on the anxiety of women with EGWG. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was performed on EGWG pregnant women referring to comprehensive health centers in Qom city, Iran, between October 2021 and August 2022. Eighty-eight participants were assigned to the intervention (N = 44) and control (N = 44) groups. The experimental group participated in six sessions of 90-min yoga classes, and the control group only received routine care. Two questionnaires including a demographic information questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results: The results of this study showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of trait anxiety (25.84 ± 3.45 vs. 57.38 ± 8.07; p < 0.05) and state anxiety (27.93 ± 3.72 vs. 60.13 ± 8.13; p < 0.05) after intervention. On the other hand, the trait and state anxiety rates were stable in the experimental group before and after intervention, while they increased to the severe form of anxiety in the control group (effect size = −21.84 ± 10.66 vs. −19.43 ± 8.44). Conclusion: The result of this study showed that yoga has a positive effect on the anxiety of pregnant women with EGWG and can be used as a preventive or complementary solution to control the anxiety of these mothers.

Women with depression in pregnancy or a history of depression have decreased quality of mentalization in the speech to their infants.

Our study aims to understand whether depression, either in pregnancy or lifetime, affects cognitive biases (comprising the attentional focus and affective state) and mentalizing features (ability to understand children's internal mental states, thereby detecting and comprehending their behavior and intention), in maternal speech during mother-infant interaction in the first postnatal year. We recruited 115 pregnant women (44 healthy, 46 with major depressive disorder [MDD] in pregnancy, and 25 with a history of MDD but healthy pregnancy) at 25 weeks' gestation. Three-minute videos were recorded at 8 weeks and 12 months postnatally for each dyad. Maternal speech was transcribed verbatim and coded for cognitive biases and mentalizing comments using the Parental Cognitive Attributions and Mentalization Scale (PCAMs). Women suffering from antenatal depression showed a decreased proportion of mentalizing comments compared with healthy women, at both 8 weeks (0.03 ± 0.01 vs. 0.07 ± 0.01, P = 0.002) and 12 months (0.02 ± 0.01 vs. 0.04 ± 0.01, P = 0.043). Moreover, compared with healthy women, both those with antenatal depression and those with a history of depression showed decreased positive affection in speech (0.13 ± 0.01 vs. 0.07 ± 0.01 and 0.08 ± 0.02, respectively P = 0.003 and P = 0.043), and made significantly fewer comments focused on their infants' experience at 8 weeks (0.67 ± 0.03 vs. 0.53 ± 0.04 and 0.49 ± 0.05, respectively P = 0.015 and P = 0.005). In linear regression models women's socioeconomic difficulties and anxiety in pregnancy contribute to these associations, while postnatal depression did not. Both antenatal depression and a lifetime history of depression are associated with a decreased quality of women's speech to their infants, as shown by less focus on their infant's experience, decreased positive affection, and less able to mentalize. Examining maternal speech to their infants in the early postnatal months may be particularly relevant to identify women who could benefit from strategies addressing these aspects of the interactive behavior and thus improve infant outcome in the context of depression.

Dukungan Sosial dan Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Hamil pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemc is a public health emergency or disaster, including in Indonesia, which causes anxiety for many people including pregnant women. The impact of anxiety on pregnant women can increase Cortisol hormone which can suppress the immune system, increases sugar in the bloods, cause low birth weight (LBW), and delay fetal growth. There were several factors affecting anxiety of pregnant women, which is social support from the environment. The objective of the research was to know the correlation of social support with the anxiety of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic at Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study applied quantitative survey with cross-sectional approach. The sample for this study was pregnant women at Special Region of Yogyakarta as many as 397 respondents were determined using purposive sampling techniques. Data retrieval by using instruments in the form of Coronavirus Anxiety Scall and social support questionnaires. Somer's d Gamma test was used to analyze data. The result showed that more respondents came from Kulonprogo Regency (35.5%), graduated from senior high school (53.7%), did not work (51.9%), family income equal to the Provincial Minimum Wage or above (70.3%) and primigravida parity (63%). From the research results small percentage of pregnant women (1.3%) who experienced anxiety came from low and moderate social support. There were several variables related to the anxiety of pregnant women at Special Region of Yogyakarta in 2021. They were occupational variables (p-value= 0.024), family income (p-value= 0.023), parity (p-value= 0.024) and social support (p-value= 0.023). Meanwhile, the variable that is not related to anxiety is the educational variable (p-value = 0.693). There is a relationship between social support and pregnant women's anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Maternal Mental Health During and Before the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created a crisis in health care systems worldwide. The maternity services were restricted due to the pandemic regulations. The psychological burden on the pregnant women was to various extents. Individuals and organizations implemented support schemes to understand and support their mental health. In our study, the psychological impact of pregnant women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy was compared with pregnancy of the same population before the pandemic as it could be a précised and helpful method to counsel pregnant women effectually. Study design This retrospective study included 111 women and was conducted at Bahrain Defense Force Hospital from January 2021 until December 2021. The researchers distributed a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire to women who delivered babies during the pandemic. The researchers then analyzed these scores and compared them with the scores of a control group of women who completed their pregnancies before the pandemic. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The HADS questionnaire results demonstrated that women's anxiety and depression during their pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly higher than that during their pregnancy before the pandemic, with a mean score of 14.97 (95% CI: 14.5 to 15.4) and 9.4 (95% CI: 8.8 to 9.9), respectively, and a p-value of <0.001. Additionally, during the COVID-19 pandemic, 100% of participants were "abnormal" in the anxiety category, and 86.5% were "abnormal" in the depression category, whereas before the pandemic, 0.9% of the studied population were abnormal, 3.6% were borderline abnormal, and 95.5% were normalin the depression category. The comparison of these scores highlighted that the pandemic had a significant negative psychological effect on the mothers during pregnancy, thus increasing their anxiety and depression. The correlated personal, social, and clinical factors were fear of delivery, fear of disease transmission, loss of family support, social isolation, uncertainty of life, and economic crises. Depression scores were significantly correlated to factors such as fear of disease transmission to the baby (p=0.027), fear of delivery (p=0.008), and loss of family support (p=0.001). Contributing factors and anxiety scores yielded significant correlations with fear of delivery (rs =0.258), fear of transmission (rs=0.198), and uncertainty of disease life (rs=0.247). As for depression, it was significantly correlated to one factor: loss of family support (rs=-0.335). Conclusion The mental health, in terms of anxiety and depression, of pregnant women was significantly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Evaluation of Nulliparous Women Childbirth Anxiety in Baghdad Maternity Hospitals

Abstract: It is important to be concerned about anxiety during pregnancy since it will influence the fetus's growth. Extreme levels of stress, sadness, or anxiety during pregnancy increase the risk of an adverse pregnancy outcome.&#x0D; Objectives: To Evaluate the Nulliparous pregnant women's childbirth anxiety. To find out the association between pregnant women’s anxiety with some demographical and gestational age.&#x0D; Methods: A descriptive design used a non-probability (purposive sample) of (200) nulliparous pregnant women to collect the data through a self-reported questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised (14) items on pregnancy-related anxiety. The study was conducted from February to July 2023.&#x0D; Results: Regarding age about half (50%) of pregnant women at age (20-29) years (27%) are graduated from preparatory school. More than two-thirds (67%) in the second trimester. The majority of them have planned pregnancy (81.5%). Most of them have mild anxiety (57%), and the leftovers (43%) have severe anxiety. There is no significant association between pregnant women’s childbirth anxiety with age, education, or gestational age.&#x0D; Conclusion: This study concluded that more than half of pregnant women have mild anxiety, and more than two-thirds have severe anxiety.&#x0D; Recommendations: Pregnant women need prenatal education and support regarding childbirth anxiety during routine prenatal visits.

The Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety in Women with Ovarian Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies.

The results of this study included the prevalence of anxiety and depression in women with ovarian cancer. A thorough search of numerous databases, including PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycoInfo, was conducted to identify relevant cross-sectional studies published between July 2013 and October 2021. STATA 16 was used to analyses the data, and a random effects model was used to determine the pooled prevalence and a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Of the 18 cross-sectional studies reviewed, 17 reported the prevalence of anxiety and 16 reported the prevalence of depression in patients with ovarian cancer. There was a moderate degree of heterogeneity between studies, as the pooled prevalence of depression was 27% (95%CI: 14%-41%; I2=69.44%). Similarly, there was a greater degree of heterogeneity in the pooled prevalence of anxiety, which was found to be 33% (95%CI: 21%-44%; I2=78.55%). The findings of this study show that, compared to the overall female population, ovarian cancer patients have much greater rates of sadness and anxiety. These results highlight the necessity for healthcare policymakers to prioritize the provision of resources and support for carrying out additional research, such as longitudinal studies or cohorts, to ascertain the efficacy of various treatments or interventions intended to lessen mental health disorders in women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Healthcare practitioners can enhance the general wellbeing and quality of life for women with this disease by addressing the psychological components of care.

Read the female values from the movie Barbie

Barbie has been a source of controversy and fascination.The article "Barbie Has Never Been a Great Symbol, but She’s an Excellent Mirror" suggests that Barbie embodies both an unrealistic image of femininity and the aspirations of women.Her beautiful image has exacerbated women's anxiety about their physique and appearance, and movies and brands related to Barbie may have invisibly spread the stereotype of women in their era; But at the same time, Barbie is a product of innovative significance, emphasizing the independence of women as subjects. Barbie has attracted attention to women's issues, and Barbie has also become an important cultural idol. Overall, Barbie represents a continuous struggle for women to gain freedom from stereotypes and expectationsy.

Validation of a Virtual Environment to Induce State Social Physique Anxiety in Women with Obesity and Social Physique Anxiety.

State Social Physique Anxiety (SPA), in contrast to Trait SPA, is triggered by specific situations that elicit SPA. To date, no research has used virtual reality (VR) to recreate a situation that may elicit State SPA. The purpose of this study is to validate a virtual environment (VE) that simulates an anxiogenic situation to induce State SPA in women with obesity and high SPA. The high SPA group consisted of 25 self-identified women living with obesity and high Trait SPA. The low SPA group consisted of 20 self-identified women with low SPA. All participants were immersed in a virtual swimming pool environment for 10 min using a virtual reality headset. After the immersion, State SPA and fear of being negatively judged felt during immersion were measured with self-report questionnaires. A questionnaire assessing unwanted negative side effects was administered before and after the immersion. Using an ANCOVA with Trait SPA as covariate, State SPA was found to be significantly higher in the high SPA group. Fear of being judged negatively was also significantly higher in the high SPA group. Unwanted negative side effects scores did not increase post-immersion in either group. This study documents the validity of a novel VE for inducing State SPA in women with obesity and high SPA.

Literature Review Of Physical Exercise, Anxiety In Menopause Women

Introduction: Menopause is defined as the cessation of monthly cycles for at least 12 months, and menopause syndrome, which includes symptoms of psychological illnesses including anxiety, is experienced by many women practically everywhere in the globe. Increased physical exercise is one non-pharmacological method for treating anxiety issues in menopausal women. According to several studies, exercising helps menopausal women's anxiety and depression levels. Method: The goal of this literature review is to examine physical exercise therapies against anxiety in menopausal women. This study technique uses literature review with secondary data gathered not from direct observation. Results: Based on the results of literature review analysis in 8 (eight) national and international journals showed that from the results of statistical tests of all physical exercise conducted in the study can reduce anxiety with a significance value of p &lt; 0.05 which means physical exercise can reduce anxiety levels. Discussion: Physical exercise or exercise is very good for menopausal women because it can prevent or reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, breast cancer, anxiety, alzaimer, and depression, regular exercise can be effective in reducing anxiety in menopausal women.

The Relationship Of Spiritual Support With Anxiety Levels And Spiritual Adaptation Of Pregnant Women

Background: Spiritual support is assistance provided to individuals or families to maintain and deepen spiritual beliefs and adaptations that have the aim of fulfilling human life needs, both biologically, psychologically, and socially. Meanwhile, anxiety is an excessive sense of worry that arises in a person. Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between spiritual support with pregnant women's anxiety levels and spiritual adaptation. Methods: The research method used in this study is observational with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique in this study was total sampling with a sample size of 42 pregnant women at the Family Clinic in Wajo Regency who met the inclusion criteria. The instrument used to collect data in this study was a questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis using the Chi-Squrare test 2x2 table. Results: The results of the relationship test using the chi-square test showed a p-value of 0.000 which is smaller than 0.05. This shows that there is a significant relationship between spiritual support and spiritual adaptation. And the relationship test results using the chi-square test show a p-value of 0.000 which is smaller than 0.05. This indicates a significant relationship between spiritual support and anxiety levels. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between spiritual support and anxiety levels and spiritual adaptation of pregnant women at the Family Clinic in Wajo Regency in 2021.

The Effect Of Yoga Exercise On Anxiety In Menopausal Women At Babakan Sari Sub-District, Bandung City

Introduction: Menopausal women experience various physical and psychological problems. One of the psychological problems that often arises is anxiety. Anxiety occurs because a decrease in estrogen causes a decrease in serotonin, a chemical that carries messages between nerve cells in the central nervous system, gut, blood, and humans. The impact of menopausal women's anxiety is a decrease in quality of life. One intervention that is easy and safe to do is yoga. Yoga exercise has movements that are relaxing so that it can be used to reduce anxiety. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of yoga exercises to reduce anxiety in menopausal women. Method: The research design used quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest. The population in this study were women aged &gt; 45 years. Samples were taken using purposive sampling. The inclusion criteria were women&gt;45 years who had experienced menopause. The exclusion criteria were menopausal women taking anti-anxiety drugs. The instrument is in the form of a Zung self-rating anxiety scale questionnaire sheet which consists of normal, mild anxiety, moderate anxiety, and severe anxiety. Results: It shows that in the pretest, the majority of respondents had mild anxiety 34 people (68%); in the posttest, the majority of respondents became normal, namely 32 people (64%). The results of the t-test showed p-value = 0.00, &lt; a = 0.05, so yoga interventions are proven to reduce anxiety in menopausal women. Discussion: Yoga exercises are effective in reducing anxiety because yoga exercises provide relaxation for postmenopausal women, with interventions given every 3 times a week for 3 weeks, increasing the effectiveness of yoga in reducing anxiety. Every movement in yoga has a relaxing effect, which if done continuously can reduce body tension and anxiety. Intervening 9 times for three consecutive weeks has been proven to reduce anxiety, initially mild to most normal. So yoga is proven to reduce anxiety in menopausal women. Every movement in yoga has a relaxing effect, which if done continuously can reduce body tension and anxiety. So yoga is proven to reduce depression in menopausal women. Conclusion: Yoga exercises are effective in reducing anxiety in menopausal women. Suggestions for other researchers are yoga interventions on the anxiety of chronic disease patients.

Unique Characteristics of Women and Infants Moderate the Association between Depression and Mother-Infant Interaction.

Research has shown mixed results regarding the association between women's postpartum depression and mother-infant interactions, suggesting that a woman's unique experience and context may moderate how depression shapes these interactions. We examined the extent to which a woman's comorbid anxiety, her exposure to adversity, and infant characteristics moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms of women and interactions with their infants at 6 (n = 647) and 12 months (n = 346) postpartum. The methods included standardized coding of mother-infant interactions and structural regression modeling. The results at 6 months of infant age indicated that infant male sex and infant negative affectivity were risk factors for mothers' depression being associated with less optimal interactions. At 12 months of infant age, two moderators appeared to buffer the influence of depression: a woman's history of trauma and infant preterm birth (≤37 weeks gestation). The results reinforce the salience of infant characteristics in the relationship between maternal depression and mother-infant interactions. The findings also suggest that experiences of trauma may offer opportunities for psychological growth that foster constructive management of depression's potential effect on mother-infant interactions. Further research is needed to clarify the underlying processes and mechanisms that explain the influence of these moderators. The ultimate goals are to reduce the risk of suboptimal interactions and reinforce healthy dyadic relations.

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Kecemasan Ibu Hamil terhadap Kunjungan Antenatal Care pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 di Puskesmas Glugur Darat, Kecamatan Medan Timur

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, 1086 pregnant women and 302 babies died from COVID-19 infection in 2021. The high mortality rate affecting ANC visits was seen from the decrease in ANC coverage, influenced by knowledge, attitudes, and anxiety.&#x0D; Purpose: To determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and anxiety towards ANC visits during the COVID-19 pandemic at Glugur Darat Health Center, East Medan Anxiety.&#x0D; Methods: The analytic observation with cross-sectional study was conducted at Glugur Darat Health Center, Medan Timur District using a total sampling technique that fulfill the inclusion criteria. The sample was third-trimester pregnant women who were recorded as having ANC. Data analysis used Chi-square with alternative fisher's exact test and backward multiple logistic regression&#x0D; Results: From the 66 respondents, it was found that pregnant women who performed ANC well were 46 respondents (69.7%), with high knowledge were 59 respondents (89.4%), with a positive attitude 65 respondents (98.5%), and had anxiety as many as 55 respondents (83.3%). Result data showed that knowledge related to ANC visits (p= 0,023) with OR = 5.6, anxiety related to ANC visits (p= 0,014) with OR = 4,6 and attitude not related to ANC visits (p= 0,303)&#x0D; Conclusion: There is a relationship between pregnant women's knowledge and anxiety about ANC visits and no relationship between pregnant women's attitudes towards ANC visits during the COVID-19 pandemic at Glugur Darat Health Center and the most influencing variable is anxiety.

Can EPDS and EPDS-3A be used to replace GAD-7 to screen the anxiety of pregnant women during pregnancy examination?

To examine the screening ability and cut-off scores of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and EPDS-3A for pregnancy anxiety in pregnancy examination. This was a prospective repetitive measurement study. A follow-up survey was performed in Chinese pregnant women with the EPDS, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and a basic information questionnaire. A total of 609 women participated in all surveys at three trimesters, and all data were complete with no missing values. Receiver operating characteristic curves, Cohen's kappa and cross-tabulation were used to test the single and combined screening ability of EPDS and EPDS-3A for pregnancy anxiety. The areas under the curves of EPDS and EPDS-3A were close to or more than 0.90. EPDS scores greater than 14 in the first trimester and greater than 13 in the second and third trimesters could be used as the cut-off values. EPDS-3A score greater than 4 could be used as the cut-off value in each trimester. Adding the EPDS-3A to the EPDS would lead to correct identification of an additional 6.33%, 6.35%, and 7.25% of anxious women and misdiagnosis of an additional 6.60%, 2.56%, and 2.41% of normal women in each trimester, respectively. The EPDS and EPDS-3A can be used alone or in combination for initially screening of pregnancy anxiety. Under certain conditions, they can even be used to replace GAD-7 for anxiety screening to reduce the adverse influence of excessive screening on pregnant women, and improve the quality of survey data and efficiency of clinical services.

Benefits of the Light Consumption of Red Wine in Pain, Tender Points, and Anxiety in Women with Fibromyalgia: A Pilot Study.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain, as well as anxiety, sadness, and depression. These symptoms are present in most patients and have a negative impact on their daily, family, and social life. The role of neurotransmitters in the pathophysiology of FM has been extensively discussed. The scientific evidence shows that levels of serotonin are decreased in patients with FM. Numerous studies support the beneficial effects that moderate wine consumption has on the body, with cardiovascular, endocrine, bone, and muscle improvements. The objective of this pilot study was to assess whether light consumption of red wine improves the main symptoms of FM. The study consisted of an experimental study with a control group with a total of 60 women diagnosed with FM following the American College of Rheumatology's criteria. The experimental group ingested 15 g of alcohol per day, in the form of red wine, over a period of four weeks. The outcome measures were: the level of pain in tender points, sadness, anxiety, depression, and quality of life. The assessments tools were: tender point graphics, the visual analogue scale (for the assessment of pain and sadness), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire. The measurements were completed before and after the consumption of red wine. In addition, the differences between groups were evaluated in terms of drug consumption in the pre-intervention and follow-up phases. Statistically significant improvements were obtained in the wine ingestion group for the variables of pain (p = 0.038), tender points (p < 0.001), and anxiety (p = 0.028). An improvement in the mean values was observed in favor of the experimental group for the variables of sadness, depression, and quality of life. The differences observed in the changes seen in the groups that were in favor of the wine ingestion group should not be attributed to the consumption of drugs but to the fact that the experimental group had a light intake of red wine. The results of this pilot study suggest a potential relationship between alcohol intake through the light consumption of red wine as part of the patients' diet and the improvement of the main symptoms of fibromyalgia. Future studies are necessary to confirm these preliminary data; a bigger sample and a controlled diet should be considered, and the mechanisms through which improvements are achieved should be analyzed.

Effect of Women's Menopausal Complaints and Social Appearance Anxiety on Their Level of Depression, Stress, and Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study

Menopause is a significant time in the life of women, and they may experience social appearance anxiety in addition to their menopausal complaints during this period. This study aimed to determine the effect of women's menopausal complaints and social appearance anxieties on their level of depression, stress, and anxiety. The sample of this cross-sectional study included women ( n = 305) who applied to the gynecology polyclinic, were between 40 and 65 years old, and had not been menstruating at least for a year. Study data were collected using the following tools: the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). One unit of increase in the women's total MRS and SAAS scale scores caused 0.597 points of increase in the depression subscale of the DASS-21 scale ( R 2 = 0.135, F (3;304) = 150.962; P &lt; 0.001). As the menopausal complaints and social appearance concerns of women increase during menopause, their stress, anxiety, and depression levels also increase. [ Psychiatr Ann . 2023;53(7):325–332.]