Women Victims Of Gender Violence Research Articles

Mental health, stressful life events, and abuse in Nicaraguan women

The objectives of this article were to analyze the occurrence of stressful life events (SLE), to establish profiles based on the said events by means of classification through cluster analysis, to establish the relationship between the groups obtained and the presence of distress, and to analyze which SLE seem to have had a greater impact on the mental health of 136 women victims of gender violence living in a context of extreme poverty in Nicaragua. The results showed the existence of high levels of depression and anxiety, especially within the group that suffered abuse in their childhood, and that economic problems, the death of people in the family environment and suicide attempts seem to be the SLE that have the greatest influence on the levels reached for the identification of such depressive and anxiety symptoms, above the abuse suffered throughout their lives. In conclusion, learning about SLE in contexts where their occurrence is frequent is essential for intervention with women for whom adversity has become chronic.

Public Policy and Gender-Based Violence in the Region Tumbes, 2023

The purpose of the study was to determine the association between public policy and gender violence, in the Tumbes 2023 region. Women are the main victims of violence exerted within a space of coexistence, perpetrated by the partner or ex-partner, a situation that demand for effective and sustained government actions, which is why both constants will be evaluated.
 Methodology: Descriptive-correlational-non-experimental quantitative study, a questionnaire was applied to 39 women victims of gender violence who attended a mental health center in Tumbes (sample), the data collected was subjected to the corresponding descriptive and inferential analysis. through the SPSS version 27 program.
 Results: 59% qualified the public policy as moderately effective, for 23.1% it was not very effective, for 7.7% it was not effective at all and for 10.3% effective. The predominant type of violence was psychological at a moderate (51.3%) and severe (30.8%) level. There is no association between the preventive axis (p= 0.702) of public policy and gender violence, while the axes of care (p= 0.006), protection (p= 0.036) and recovery (p= 0.006) of public policy had a significant relationship with gender violence.
 Conclusion: The alternative hypothesis was accepted and the null hypothesis was rejected, establishing that, if there is a significant association (p=0.029 < p-value = 0.01) between public policy and gender violence, in the Tumbes region 2023.

Analysis of Location and Spatial Distribution of Elderly Women Victims of Gender Violence

Little is known about abuse and violence against elderly women, as well as prevention and intervention strategies. We present the results of an investigation that has as its objective the elaboration of the Location Map of elderly women victims of gender violence, analyzing their territorial distribution in the specific case of the Autonomous Community of Galicia, Spain, and its relationship with environmental, social, and territorial variables. The results of our research on the location and distribution of the rates of elderly women victims of gender violence show its direct relationship with low demographic density, aging, and dependency, which is associated with disabled people. The mapping resulting can facilitate the territorial planning of social and health services aimed at elderly women in rural areas. The interquartile classification makes it possible to delimit areas of intervention at a spatial level, differentiating those municipalities with the highest and lowest prevalence.

Attention Given to Victims of Gender Violence from the Perspective of Nurses: A Qualitative Study.

Women victims of gender violence consider the health system an appropriate place to seek help. Aims and Objectives: to describe and understand how nurses perceive gender-based violence in health care for women victims of gender-based violence. Qualitative descriptive study. The recommendations of the COREQ guide for qualitative research reporting were followed. Sixteen nurses who were working in different health services, both primary and specialized care, were selected to take part in the study. Three focus groups and a semi-structured interview were conducted. The ATLAS.ti 9 computer programme was used. The nurses highlighted that when caring for women who are victims of gender violence, they encounter two types of violence: invisible or latent, and visible or patent. Part of the nurses’ role is based on the skill of knowing how to act and being trained to do so. In addition, there are certain controversies around the concept and origin of violence. On the one hand, they refer to gender violence as a universal phenomenon with strong cultural and educational roots, and, on the other hand, it is difficult to characterize. The findings report how nurses play a fundamental role in caring for victims of gender-based violence, but they encounter certain difficulties regarding this concept. It is therefore essential to continuously train and educate nurses on gender-based violence. Gender violence should be a competency in nursing curricula. Health systems must offer training and awareness programmes that teach nurses to detect and make decisions regarding female victims of gender violence. It is also necessary to set up spaces in the different services so that the nurses can attend to the victims.

LEGAL NORMATIVE INSTRUMENTS OF UNIFIED SYSTEM OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE ON CARING AND SHELTERING WOMEN VICTIMS OF GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN THE STATE OF MARANHAO

Women victims of gender violence is a complex and multiple phenomenon that stands out in different parameters of discussion and confrontation. This structure of violence rooted and present in our society appears in a colonial historical context marked by the figure of the patriarchal man with subjective dimensions that typify and problematize the relations of power and oppression. Violence against women is closely linked to gender violence, where culturally, men are considered superior beings and exercise this behavior based on exercising supremacy over women. Violence by men against women is just one facet of the various forms of violence that constitute male non-corporality. With the social changes that have taken place over the years, several legal instruments have been created aimed at protecting women and combating violence. Through an exploratory and descriptive research, this article aims to understand which legal normative challenges, given the instruments and practices used for the care and reception of women victims of violence in the State of Maranhão, within the competence of the Social Assistance Policy operated by the SUAS.

Mental Health in Women Victims of Gender Violence: Descriptive and Multivariate Analysis of Neuropsychological Functions and Depressive Symptomatology.

Female victims of abuse, as well as suffering from psychopathological disorders such as depression, can have neuropsychological sequelae affecting memory and attention, with serious consequences, both physical and psychological, in their daily lives. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyse these sequelae that affect attention and memory, as well as the possible association of these sequelae to depression. A total of 68 women, victims of gender-based violence, between the ages of 15 and 62 participated in this study. The Luria DNA Battery (Neuropsychological Diagnosis of Adults) by Manga and Ramos (2000); and the Beck Depression Inventory (2011) were applied. It is shown that female victims of gender-based violence present poor short-term memory, attentional control, and score low on the Luria-DNA battery. Of these women, 60% suffer from some relevant type of depression. Through HJ-Biplot analysis, a direct relationship was found between memory and attentional control with the total score of the Luria battery. However, an inverse relationship was found between short-term memory and depression. In addition, three well-differentiated clusters of female victims of gender-based violence were identified. It is concluded that a lower rate of depression is observed in female victims of abuse when they have a more intact short-term memory.

Addressing gender-based violence in Peru: Citizenship and critical issues. The Women's Emergency Center (CEM) technicians’ point of view

Objective: To understand critical issues faced by the technical staff working in the Women's Emergency Centers (CEM) in Peru, when assisting women victims of gender violence. 
 Originality/support: Valuable information is provided on the assistance provided to women victims of gender-based violence in the MECs. This information is very useful for decision making, aimed at improving the work and effectiveness of the performance of the technicians in the centers. It highlights a situation that has been little studied and serves as a reference for other realities in the international Latin American context.
 Method: A qualitative research approach was used to inform the proposed aims. Forty-one technicians from the Women's Emergency Centers (CEM) in Peru participated in the study. The results revealed that the critical issues perceived by the technical staff were working with material and travel limitations, work overload that made it difficult to care for victims, delays in the treatment of cases of gender-based violence and revictimization of the victim. In addition, dealing with a macho cultural framework that masks the situations and with religious and linguistic diversity.
 Conclusions: It is concluded that it is necessary to view gender violence with a focus on citizenship and gender justice that under the principles of equality, respect for human rights and defense of cultural diversity, without incurring in a paternalistic action.

Gender violence treatment in equality plans: agreed and registered equality plans

La violencia de género es una muestra más de desigualdad que sufren las mujeres. Proporcionando derechos de prevención y de reacción, entre otros, en el ámbito laboral interpretado en sentido amplio, puede lograrse la supresión de esta lacra. De ahí que progresivamente cada vez más planes de igualdad vayan incorporando contenidos destinados bien a la concienciación, bien a la prevención o, sobre todo, a la tutela sociolaboral de las mujeres víctimas de violencia de género. El objetivo principal que persigue la presente investigación es analizar el tratamiento que de la violencia de género hacen los planes de igualdad aprobados durante los últimos cinco años en España. Para lo cual, contamos con una muestra de 60 planes de igualdad negociados y consensuados con los representantes de los trabajadores y localizados en el Registro de Acuerdos Colectivos. Los resultados muestran que, si bien es cierto que son numerosos los planes que no hacen tratamiento de la violencia de género y algunos lo hacen pero de manera superficial, creemos que el hecho de que cerca del 80% de los planes de igualdad analizados contemplen alguna mención a esta lacra debe ser valorado muy positivamente como reflejo de la progresiva atención y, por tanto, importancia de estos instrumentos que, seguramente, debieran de ser objeto de una más clara coordinación a nivel legal que impida un tratamiento estanco de dos realidades –la desigualdad y la violencia frente a las mujeres– lógica e intrínsecamente conectadas.

Caracterización psicosocial en una muestra de mujeres víctimas de violencia de género en Colombia: un estudio piloto

En esta investigación se estudia el perfil psicosocial de una muestra de mujeres víctimas de violencia de género convocadas por la Fundación Mujer y Futuro, con edades entre los 19 a 70 años. Para ello, se utilizó como instrumento una encuesta psicosocial, en la que se recolectó información sobre factores socioculturales y tipologías de violencia de género. El análisis sistematización de datos de tipo descriptivo, se hizo con el software estadístico con SPSS (versión 24). Como resultado se encontró que un 70% de las mujeres de la muestra cuentan con estudios primarios y/o secundarios, el 65% son amas de casa, el 70% no cuentan con remuneración económica, el 90% se ubican en los estratos socioeconómicos uno y dos, en cuanto al tipo de violencia que han recibido, el 80% de la mujeres encuestadas ha sufrido violencia desde el hogar núcleo, el 100% psicológica, el 80% física, el 70% económica y un 45% sexual, además a partir del contraste de los resultados con otras investigaciones, se concluye que la baja escolaridad, nula remuneración económica, el estrato socioeconómico y la violencia en el núcleo del hogar son posibles factores vulneradores para el desarrollo de violencias.

Efficacy of a group intervention program with women victims of gender violence in the framework of contextual therapies

Efficacy of a group intervention program with women victims of gender violence in the framework of contextual therapies

Responsabilidad pública en materia de violencia de género (Especial referencia a las hijas e hijos de madres maltratadas)

Resumen. Las mujeres víctimas de violencia de género y sus hijas e hijos sufren una doble victimización, al haber vivido en un ambiente de violencia permanente dirigida en principio hacia sus madres, pudiendo llegar a ser triple cuando son testigos de este tipo de agresividad, que llega incluso a causarles la muerte. Tras el cese de la convivencia de la pareja no dejan de sufrir, en muchos casos, empiezan un régimen de visitas con el padre biológico, situación que los expone a un nuevo tipo de riesgo hacia ellos o a la madre a través de ellas y ellos. Este tipo de violencia es la llamada violencia vicaria. Tras las reformas normativas de 2015, se siguen otorgando regímenes de visitas, estancias y comunicaciones a progenitores que infringen malos tratos a la madre y no han aumentado prácticamente las medidas de protección a los menores en estos supuestos tras casi cuatro años trascurridos desde la entrada en vigor de dichas reformas. Es cierto que la solución está en la preparación especializada, pero, mientras la deseada formación de los operadores jurídicos deja huella, hay que aplicar medidas de protección a los menores y dar un paso más tomando conciencia del daño que se está cometiendo, asumir la responsabilidad que le corresponde al Estado y articular medidas indemnizatorias al igual que en su día se hizo con las víctimas del terrorismo. Sorprendentemente, ni Ley Orgánica 1/2004, ni las legislaciones autonómicas han incluido definiciones de la violencia institucional, que conlleva la obligación de reparación del daño por parte del Estado y su traducción en indemnizaciones para las víctimas.Palabras clave: violencia, género, institucional, responsabilidad, menores.

Genere violence prevention and collective efficacy in young woman from violent contexts

An intervention program with women victims of gender violence is designed and addressed evaluating effects on social effectiveness by analyzing: perceptions, sensations and adverse behaviors that have an impact on their health and reduce their quality of life. Self-regulated group techniques were used. The sample consisted of 66 women, in the age range of 17 to 21 years, 33 women in the treatment group and 33 women in the control group. A workshop was designed to identify risk factors and promote coping strategies for proactive adaptation. For this effect, we worked with a quasi-experimental design using repeated measures, Ex ante (pretest)-intervention-Ex post (posttest), with a control group. It was carried out in a weekend mode for 11 weeks in a 6-hour workshop mode, a total of 66 hours. The intervention addressed pro-social strategies considering risk factors, endemic aspects of violence, among others, modulation of negative cognitive and behavioral processes and of physio-affective responses labeled to lead at risk to the evolution of individual pathologies that normally lead to depression processes, generalized anxiety, chronic stress and post trauma nature. The program exerted significant changes determined by the analysis of variance and of moderate to high effects demonstrated by Cohen’s d, the differences in pre and post-treatment means in pro-social aspects, in terms of risk factors, among others, in the Negative cognitive and behavioral processing and physio-affective responses that shaped traits of generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress in young women.

Mediação penal e violência doméstica: direito a proteção integral da vítima

O presente artigo analisa a questão da vitimização terciária de mulheres vítimas de violência de gênero em razão do desconhecimento dos operadores jurídicos dos aspectos cíveis abrangidos pela Lei n. 11.340, de 7 de agosto de 2016 na sua integralidade. Persiste a separação entre os aspectos criminais, cíveis e emocionais que surgem como consequências pelo crime praticado. A mediação penal constitui importante ferramenta extraprocessual de um Ministério Público Resolutivo, cabendo ainda ao parquet o dever de fornecer orientação jurídica adequada às vítimas de crimes.

Escala de actitud para perdonar.

El perdón ocupa un lugar importante dentro de la psicología clínica actual y específicamente en las intervenciones terapéuticas. En esta investigación se presenta la construcción de una escala diseñada para evaluar la capacidad de perdonar de jóvenes y adultos, con la intención futura de aplicarla a mujeres víctimas de violencia de género. El objetivo principal fue crear un instrumento que permitiera medir el perdón en todas sus dimensiones (situacional, “hacia el otro” y “hacia uno mismo”) y los diferentes tipos de respuesta que integran este constructo (cognitivas, emocionales y conductuales). El proceso se inició con la selección de ítems que fueron revisados por expertos, resultando una escala compuesta por 26 ítems que fue aplicada a una muestra de 800 personas, en su mayoría familiares y amigos de estudiantes de la Universidad de Jaén. El instrumento muestra adecuados niveles de fiabilidad y validez, evidenciando su relación con otras escalas como la Escala de Perdón Heartland (HFS). La aplicación de la escala puede contribuir a complementar los futuros estudios sobre el perdón y facilitar una herramienta para los profesionales que trabajan con personas que han sido dañadas u ofendidas por la conducta de otros. El aumento de la capacidad para perdonar y la mejora en el manejo de la empatía se han convertido en elementos clave de este tipo de terapia.

Influencia del apoyo social en el mantenimiento de la convivencia con el agresor en víctimas de violencia de género de León (Nicaragua)

Social support seems to be a protective factor for victims of gender-based violence contributing to breaking with the relationship of abuse submitted to many women. This work aims to analyze the relationship between social support and the maintenance of the coexistence with the aggressor. Method: The study involved 136 women victims of gender violence who live in the marginal areas of Leon (Nicaragua), a collective subject to a particularly serious set of vital events. Results: Data indicate that the absence of social support relates with the rupture with the aggressor, while communication with sources of social support predicts the maintenance of coexistence. Conclusions: Values based on the family unit in some cultures could contribute to the normalization e of violence in many households; hence, the intervention of professionals in these contexts is necessary.

Mujeres víctimas de violencia de género en centros de acogida: características sociodemográficas y del maltrato

Research on the profiles of women victims of gender violence in shelters is scarce. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic and abuse characteristics of this group, as well as to analyze changes in the study variables over the last 10 years. A descriptive study was conducted using the document analysis technique. The sample consisted of records of women who had been assisted in two shelters of the Provincial Council of Bizkaia between 2006 and 2015, an emergency shelter (n=834) and a medium-long stay shelter (n=84). The results indicate that, in general, the user of these shelters is a young woman, in more than half of the cases a foreigner, with few socioeconomic resources and a history of long-term abuse. Many women had experienced poly-victimization and repeated victimization. The most substantial changes in the past ten years were found for the country of origin and work and economic situation in the emergency center, as well as the time spent at the center. The results have implications for improving interventions.

Rotas críticas de mulheres em situação de violência: depoimentos de mulheres e operadores em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

This qualitative study aims to describe the trajectories of female victims of gender violence in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The methodology included in-depth interviews with women and staff, attempting to map the critical paths of women when they made the decision to seek professional help. We interviewed 21 women victims of gender violence and 25 professionals, including law enforcement officials, health and social workers, and nongovernmental organizations. The women's trajectories in the services were mapped, identifying facilitating factors and obstacles in the process of breaking with gender violence. The victims reported: pressure by professional staff to return to their marriages and police inefficiency in providing protection. The discourse of law enforcement officials and health and social workers showed a range of different concepts regarding violence, medicalization of violence, and network fragmentation.

System and Subjectivity: Hiding Differences among Women Victims of Gender Violence

System and Subjectivity: Hiding Differences among Women Victims of Gender Violence

Representações de gênero e atendimento policial a mulheres vítimas de violência

This paper proposes an analysis of practices of police assistance to women victims of gender violence in four police stations of the State of Rio de Janeiro, two of them specialized in assisting with this type of conflict, located in the state capital, and two others, not specialized, located in the countryside. The creation of the Specialized Police Assistance to Women in the mid 80s was the result of pressure from the feminist movement over the government in the political context of democratization of the country after the military dictatorship. We emphasize the existence, in the daily routine of the police stations, of the confrontation among different representations on the nature of this conflict, and we have tried to analyze, in a comparative way, how this fact affects the police practices observed, in order to verify if the specialized police stations present practices of conflict management which are differentiated and more suitable to the conceptions that have guided their creation as public policy of gender.

Atención a los niños y las niñas víctimas de la violencia de género

Save the Children developed the research “Attention to children victims of gender violence” whose objective is to analyze attention given by the Protection System for Women to children siblings of women victims of gender violence. Research findings indicate that professionals of police, social welfare and justice system believe that children are direct victims of gender violence and victims of psychological violence not only because of physical