Objective Sexual health is an essential part of overall health and well-being. Breast cancer affects the marital relationships and sexual activity of patients and their sexual partners. The present qualitative study was conducted to discover the experiences of women undergoing breast cancer treatment and their husbands regarding marital relationships after breast cancer. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the 37 women undergoing breast cancer, their husbands, and healthcare providers. Recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach. Results Four categories of ‘Utilization of couple-based approach,’ ‘Consequences of relationship breakdown,’ and ‘A need for the spouse’s support and compassion’ were revealed. Conclusion The present study showed that the husbands of women undergoing breast cancer treatment played a dual role in marital relationships. It seems that using couple-based approaches, such as mental and sexual health counseling, should be considered by healthcare providers.