Working Women Research Articles

일-가정 병행 여성의 ‘괜찮은 일’ 및 ‘의미 있는 일’ 경험의 잠재프로파일 분석: 일의 심리학 이론을 중심으로

The study examines the patterns in the experiences of decent work and mean-ingful work of working women with children as well as the psychological processes pre-dicting these patterns based on the Psychology of Working Theory. The survey was com-pleted by 791 working women with children. The latent profile analysis identified three subtypes: highly meaningless work, which was characterized by the low level of all factors below the mean of the whole group and the particular lower level of meaningful work fac-tors; adequate work, where all factors were close to the mean of the whole group; and a fulfilling work, where both decent and meaningful work experiences were at a high level. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine psychological processes that predicted the probability to belong to these groups, and found that work volition, ca-reer adaptability, critical behavior, problem-focused coping, and cognitive reappraisal were significant predictors, after controlling for average household income per month. The findings imply that decent work may be prerequisites for meaningful work and psycho-logical processes can facilitate more positive work experiences and suggest interventions based on the levels of work experience.

Development of Processing of Agricultural Products by Women in Villages and its Role on the Economy of Rural Families

The current research aims to investigate the development of the process of agricultural products by women and its role in the economy of rural families in Takhar villages. Although rural women in Afghanistan work with a traditional approach to promote agricultural education, they have been able to play a key role in promoting their agricultural products. The present study was carried out in Takhar province, Afghanistan, in 2023. The Cross-Sectional design method was used to collect the data. The research questionnaire includes five basic parts and two districts: (Kalafgan and Baharag). A multistage sampling technique was used to collect the data. In the present research, we selected 80 respondents randomly for the study. The findings of the present study show that agricultural products of rural women in Takhar province are considered one of the important achievements that provided not only the job of them but also their agricultural incomes a helpful and meaningful impact on the economy of their families, which means 47.5% of respondents agree that their agricultural products can play a good role in their family's economy, so 40% of them have a moderate view for this and the rest of them (12.5%) considered their agricultural products are not enough to grow of their family economy. Therefore, we can recognize that agricultural products can impact the economy of rural families in Takhar province. Also, the interview findings of the present research show that creating a foundation for the work of rural women in the field of agricultural products can help achieve the following goals: Women achieving independence in all matters, especially economic matters, getting Women rid of poverty unemployment and finding prosperity, empowerment and capacity building for rural women, freeing rural women from family violence due to economic problems, raising the economic level of rural families, proper use of rural women's labor force for the growth of the local economy and finally laying groundwork for the activation of women in all matters.

Experience of working women in Kisangani (DRC) on the practice of exclusive breastfeeding

Introduction: The aim of the study was to demonstrate working mothers' experience of exclusive breastfeeding, to identify what these working mothers expect from exclusive breastfeeding, to assess the satisfaction they derive from exclusive breastfeeding, to determine their representation of exclusive breastfeeding and to analyze their attitudes towards exclusive breastfeeding. Methodology: We used a qualitative and phenomenological approach, based on free direct interviews. It involved 5 working women found in pre-school consultations at the Saint Joseph Reference Health Centre from August 1st to September 12, 2023. Results: Respondents were aware of exclusive breastfeeding from a variety of sources. Almost all the respondents had practiced exclusive breastfeeding in spite of their daily occupations. They expected their children to be healthy and protected from illness. They had experienced satisfaction in practicing exclusive breastfeeding in spite of their daily occupations, but they were not so satisfied with the fact that in their workplaces there was no suitable space for practicing exclusive breastfeeding. The respondents were relatively convinced that breast milk provided good health for their children and was an ideal and natural means of contraception. Conclusion: The combination of work and exclusive breastfeeding is a serious problem for working women. Daily occupation could be a handicap for promoting exclusive breastfeeding.

An Analysis of Financial Literacy among Working Indian Women

This study looks into working women's financial literacy in India. The survey looks on Indian women's knowledge of investing, savings, and insurance among other financial topics. A survey was distributed online to 500 working women of different ages and income levels as part of the study's quantitative research approach to gather data. The study's conclusions demonstrate that working women in India possess little to no financial literacy, with a very small proportion having enough knowledge of matters pertaining to money. The study also demonstrates the influence of a number of factors on women's financial literacy, including age, income, education, and work experience.

Revitalizing Women`s Success: The Power of Leadership, Training, and Innovation for Entrepreneurs in Indonesia

Objective - This research was motivated by data from the Indonesian Entrepreneurs Association (IWAPI), which revealed a significant majority of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs (98%) among its 30,000 members. Methodology/Technique – Previous studies on women entrepreneurs' performance had limitations regarding variables and sectors. Therefore, this study analyzed various factors and sectors that impacted women entrepreneurs in the Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi) region. Finding – This study invented novelty, including new knowledge related to variables that affect women entrepreneur performance, especially in the MSMEs sector with a wider area. This study was quantitative research with 246 respondents and was analyzed using SmartPLS Software. The results found that while leadership had some influence on innovative work behavior and women entrepreneurs' performance, the significance was limited. Novelty – Additionally, training and development significantly impacted both innovative work behavior and women entrepreneurs' performance, with the latter being mediated by the former. Ultimately, innovative work behavior significantly influenced women entrepreneurs' performance. Type of Paper: Empirical JEL Classification: D83, D89. Keywords: Entrepreneurs, Women Entrepreneurs, Leadership, Training and Development, Innovative Work Behavior. Reference to this paper should be referred to as follows: Pertiwi, D. I; Hikmah, N.N; Harianja, V.G; Rohman, A. (2024). Revitalizing Women`s Success: The Power of Leadership, Training, and Innovation for Entrepreneurs in Indonesia, GATR-Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 12(1), 25–33. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2024.12.1(3)

EU directive 2023/970: strengthening the application of the principle of equal pay

In May 2023, Directive 2023/970 was issued on strengthening the application of the principle of equality for men and women for equal work or work of equal value through pay transparency and enforcement mechanisms. Its basic task is to introduce transparency of remuneration systems by employers and EU Member States and to enable and facilitate the overcoming of procedural obstacles used by businesses that do not comply with anti-discrimination standards applicable in the EU for employees, mainly women, subjected to inferior treatment. The directive has inspired citizens of EU Member States to exercise their legal protection against discrimination and inconsistency of business conduct in matters relating to the principle of equal pay. They have the right to pursue compensation claims through bodies representing wronged employees, state institutions and agencies acting on behalf of multiple people. A campaign has been launched in the EU to overcome stereotypes in labour relations related to the gender of people employed and applying for jobs.

A STUDY OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION AND ANXIETY AMONG THE CHILDREN OF WORKING AND NON-WORKING WOMEN

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of achievement motivation (AM) and anxiety (AN) on the children of working and non-working women. These kids are in high school. A random sample of 10 secondary schools in the city of Ahmedabad was selected for this study. A unit of 250 children was selected for data collection, of which 90 were working children and 160 were non-working women. The resulting analysis showed that the children of working women were more affordable than the children of non-working women. Moreover, there is a significance difference between the anxiety of working and non-working women’s children. After the analysis of anxiety of working and non-working women’s children, girls of working women showed the highest anxiety. These may be associated with some reasons, like girls have to share part of their women responsibility and the girls working women do not get required attention, guidance and care during their formative period.

Financial Capability, Financial Well-Being, and Life Satisfaction of Women in an Emerging Economy

Life satisfaction depends on several life aspects, such as relationships, achievements, health, and work satisfaction. Theorists and experts contend that domain-specific factors and behaviors predict domain-specific satisfaction. Our study examines life satisfaction from the standpoint of behavior finance indicators by incorporating financial capability factors such as financial literacy, financial management behavior, and financial self-efficacy as antecedents to financial satisfaction and financial stress. Financial satisfaction and financial stress are further assumed to predict life satisfaction. Data are collected from 308 working women using a self-administered questionnaire in three different waves in Pakistan. By examining the fitness of the measurement model, we proceeded toward path analysis of the structural equation model. All the hypothesized relationships are supported except the paths between financial literacy to financial stress and financial management behavior to financial satisfaction. The results and implications are presented based on the findings of the study.

The impact of premenstrual disorders on work disruptions among working women: A cross-sectional study.

Physical and emotional manifestations of premenstrual disorder cause increased absenteeism, decreased productivity, and decreased work-related quality of life. Due to the relatively high prevalence of premenstrual disorders in Iran and limited studies on its work-related problems, this study investigated the relationship between premenstrual disorders and work performance in working women. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 358 working women (teachers and industrial workers) in Yazd, Iran, from July 2019 to January 2020. Data were collected using premenstrual symptom screening tool, the work productivity and activity impairment (a modified version), and functional work capacity questionnaires. Women were classified into 2 groups: women with and without premenstrual disorders. Productivity, functional capacity, and ability to perform activities of daily living were compared between groups. Among 358 participants, 121 women (33.8%) had premenstrual disorders. The prevalence of premenstrual disorders was significantly higher in teachers than workers (0.41% vs. 24.7%, respectively) (p = 0.002). The work results showed a worse score in the group with premenstrual disorder than the other group and teachers compared to workers (p 0.001). This study showed a significant association between premenstrual disorders and worse work productivity, functional work capacity, and ability to perform activities of daily living. Teachers had a higher prevalence of premenstrual disorders and worse work performance than workers, which can be due to higher education levels, work stress, more complex tasks, and increased work responsibility in teachers.

Afghan Refugee Women in Iran

This article looks at how Afghan migrant women to Iran gained greater self-awareness and experienced many changes in their traditional gender roles. This qualitative study was conducted through in-depth interviews with Afghan working women in Tehran. The women had a median age of 39 (between 23 to 55) and had been living in Iran anywhere between one to twenty-five years. Most of the responders migrated to Iran after the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan in 1995. A few were more recent migrants who arrived after the Taliban took over in August 2021. The article addresses the ways in which Afghan women have attained self-awareness and the multiplicity of factors which have facilitated or impeded this process. We will see that these women have gone far beyond the immediate restrictions and impediments that were imposed by their traditional families, as well as the strict gender division of labour in their community.

Navigating menopause at work: a preliminary study about challenges and support systems.

Women's increasing workforce participation necessitates understanding unique life phases like menopause for enhanced workplace inclusivity. This research investigates the challenges and needs of peri-menopausal women in work settings, using the Job Demands-Resources model as a foundation. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 351 working women aged 40 to 65 years in the United States. Hierarchical multiple regression models were employed to assess the relationship between the severity of menopausal symptoms, emotional exhaustion, work engagement, and turnover intentions. Most of the respondents reported moderate (38.46%) to severe (35.9%) menopausal symptoms. Notably, 54% of the women were caregivers for children or adults. About 77.7% of participants reported work-related challenges due to menopause, with a perceived reduction in productivity (56.8%) being the most common issue. The severity of menopausal symptoms was found to significantly predict more emotional exhaustion ( P < 0.001), less work engagement ( P < 0.001), and greater turnover intentions ( P = 0.03). Concerns about being perceived as less capable in the workplace due to menopausal symptoms were reported by 51.2% of respondents. A striking gap exists between the workplace measures desired by women, such as formal menopause policies and managerial training (65.4%-68%), and their actual implementation (2%-6.3%). This study reveals an exigent need for increased awareness and structural changes to support working women going through menopause. The findings have far-reaching implications for not just promoting gender equity and well-being but are also pivotal for maintaining a diversified, engaged, and effective workforce.

Walking Beyond Crisis: Kerala Women’s Psychological Health During the Pandemic Era

The covid 19 pandemic has created a significant impact on the lives of people’s psychological health, and women have experienced particular difficulty because of the many roles and responsibilities that they take up in Kerala households. This is an effort to explore the psychological health of working and non-working women in Kerala. A random sampling method was used to collect the data from people working in different organizations, and the results were obtained. The finding suggests that working women were able to have more psychological well-being in specific dimensions like self-acceptance and purpose of life than non-working women. So, the study implies that we need to plan tailor-made interventions for women in Kerala, especially those limiting themselves to household work since their psychological well-being is affected.

Role Ambigiguity Terhadap Work Female Employee Melalui Job Stress Sebagai Variabel Intervening

Covid-19 delivers change in a way comprehensive including sector economy . Indonesia experienced change significant . Current company this and rapid development _ demand Woman For take switch in develop career work , and even there is something to be leader organization . Different with the past placing perception Woman considered low and inclined experience discrimination in career and work . Opt-in Woman in Work bring negative consequences resulting from conflict role . Study This aim For know about connection between role ambiguity and Work Female Employee which is moderated by job stress . The analytical method used is multiple linear regression with the SPSS 21 program. Research sample Female employees in the district Majalengka , numbering 100 employees . The result role ambiguity influences negative towards Work Female Employees, Job stress influential negative in connection between role ambiguity and the next Work Female Employee Can made material study For study about Working Female Employees .

Effectiveness of Educational Intervention Program about Cervical Cancer on Working Women's Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice at Beni-Suef University

Effectiveness of Educational Intervention Program about Cervical Cancer on Working Women's Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice at Beni-Suef University

Perception of urban and rural working women towards e-banking

Perception of urban and rural working women towards e-banking

Exploring contemporary challenges and prospective solutions for women's empowerment: Does women's empowerment impact achieving sustainable development goal five?

AbstractExisting literature on women's empowerment (aligned with SDG 5) overlooks the diverse experiences and obstacles faced by women from various racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds. This lack of intersectionality within women's empowerment studies hinders our understanding of the unique challenges encountered by marginalized women and limits the effectiveness of policies and interventions aimed at fostering their empowerment. To address this gap, this study delves into the challenges and processes of empowering women in Bangladesh. Qualitative data were gathered through semi‐structured interviews with 12 working women. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data revealed that women face numerous challenges, including lack of education, family support, and economic freedom, as well as complicated processes to access government support and adapt to technological changes. Furthermore, the study identified several potential processes for empowering women, including free education, and training, government support, awareness development, technological support, and mentorship. The study concludes with discussions, policy implications, limitations, and future research directions.

Partner's contribution to housework and couple bonding activities among Korean working women: Heterogeneity by socioeconomic status

The present study investigates: (a) how a partner's contribution to housework is associated with couple bonding activities among Korean women in dual-earner couples and (b) whether this association varies by socioeconomic status. Using eight waves from the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women & Families (N = 5758), we estimated fixed effects models to account for individual-level heterogeneity. Engagement in couple bonding activities was measured by the frequency of physical and cultural activities with a partner. Fixed effects estimates showed that a partner's contribution to housework is positively associated with engagement in physical and cultural activities with a partner. The association between a partner's contribution to housework and physical and cultural activities was more pronounced among women in dual-earner couples in which the woman was highly educated. The association for cultural activities, not physical activities, was amplified by household income. This study supports the notion that a more equal distribution of housework is important for improving the quality of life in a marriage.

PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING BETWEEN WORKING AND NON-WORKING WOMEN OF MUZAFFARPUR DISTRICT IN BIHAR

The objectives of this study are to understand the present level of psychological well-being and to examine the difference in psychological well-being and its six dimensions between working and non-working women of Muzaffarpur district of Bihar. Data is collected from 50 working and 50 non-working women using well-designed questionnaire. Convenient sampling technique is used for data collection. Hypothesis testing research design is in this study. Data analysis is done with SPSS 21. One sample t-test is used for present level and results reported that psychological well-being and it five dimensions – Autonomy, Environmental mastery, Personal Growth, Positive Relations and Self-acceptance; are significantly above average among women of Muzaffarpur district of Bihar while significant above average is not reported in case of Purpose in life between working and non-working women of Muzaffarpur district in Bihar. Independent sample t-test is used for analyzing difference in psychological well-being and its dimensions and results reported that psychological well-being, personal growth, positive relations and self-acceptance are higher in working women while autonomy, environmental mastery and purpose in life are higher in non-working women of Muzaffarpur district in Bihar.

Are We Really Free to Choose Our Own Career Path?

This essay aims to discuss whether citizens are really free to choose their own career paths. In this essay, the word ‘free’ will be elaborated and further explored. This essay focuses more on the sociological exploration of free choice of career, and this essay places the emphasis on working class people, black people, and women. The conclusion is that the above-mentioned people are not truly free to choose their careers.

Periodikas avoti kā liecība par pirmo Latvijas sieviešu misionāru darbu

Mission work in the 19th century was one of the rare opportunities that gave women the possibility to respond to God’s call. The archive of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia (ELCL) was destroyed in 1944, and its collection have been lost. Many missionary letters are in archives in Germany. However, evidence of the mission work of the first women has been preserved in printed sources published in the territory of Latvia. The article aims to review the printed sources in the territory of Latvia as evidence of the work of the first Latvian women missionaries, especially the work of Hildegard Prozell (1898–1909), Auguste Weetneek (1899–1910) and Anna Irbe (1924–1940), about whom there are significant testimonies both in Latvian and German languages – Rigasches Kirchenblatt, Misions-Flugblatt, Jaunākās Ziņas, Ārmisija and other sources. The National Library of Latvia, the ELCL library, and the Estonian Literary Museum in Tartu are the main repositories for the sources used for this paper. The article analyses the content of these sources and the evidence of whether and how this missionary work left an impression on the society in the homeland. The first printed sources on the territory of Latvia about mission work in the 19th century are examined to provide the historical context. The study concludes that there is an expansive amount of information about Prozell, the first missionary from the territory of Latvia, and Irbe, the first ELCL missionary. They describe their service and trips to mission places, nature, geography, folk customs, etc. Also, these sources testify to the increase in support for mission work in the homeland. Missionaries who could be considered a minority, for example, Latvian women who went to serve through an unpopular mission society in Latvia, received much less or almost no attention from the printed press. This research enables discovering and preserving information about these women’s experiences at mission work, journeys, descriptions of nature and geography, folk customs and other important aspects. It not only contributes to and promotes understanding of the role of women in the mission work of the Latvian Church but also broadens the understanding of how this work affected society at home. Thus, this important cultural aspect is preserved and respected by researching and documenting periodical sources, supplementing and enriching Latvia’s national heritage.