Equal Rights For Women Research Articles

Das Frauenbild im Sozialismus. Eine exemplarische Untersuchung der Tageszeitung der rumäniendeutschen Minderheit Neuer Weg (1950)

Abstract This study focuses on the image of women in socialist society, as it appears in several articles on International Women’s Day in the Romanian-German newspaper Neuer Weg in the 1950s. The political authorities of the time would use Women’s Day to draw attention not only to problems specific to women, such as the protection of mother and child, women in the family and at work, but also to discuss political issues such as equal rights for women, universal, equal, secret and direct women’s suffrage and securing peace. The author takes the standpoint of sociolinguistics and pragmalinguistics in analysing and evaluating the linguistic data, whereby the language material points out particularities on a lexical, morpho-syntactic and pragmatic level.

Research on the Right of Women in the Bar Space

In China, the current behavior of going to bars shows a trend of degendering, and women also begin to enter bars to consume. In recent years, many female-friendly or female-only bars have emerged. As the emerging consumers of bar-related industries, female groups are growing, putting forward their needs to society, in order to let society hear their voices and give women equal rights and space to men. Based on Chinas current bar culture and gender-related social background and phenomena, this paper adopts the participatory observation method and semi-structured interview method to analyze the observed phenomena and interview contents, and finds that women are subjected to many explicit or implicit unequal treatment in bars, and further discusses the main causes of gender discrimination in bars. Through the analysis of the unequal treatment faced by women in bars, it is concluded that the cause of the discrimination against women is the deep-rooted pressure of male power in China, and the social root of this pressure is the inequality of gender rights and the shackles of traditional Chinese concepts. This paper finally attempts to discuss the solution of this inequality: female self-consciousness against traditional ideas.

Constitutional safeguard research of female equal employment right in China- Based on the perspective of empirical investigation

Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood. As a basic human right, the right to equal employment has always been a top priority for constitutional protection. Female workers are an important part of the economy and society, and their equal employment is an important catalyst for economic development. Women's right to equal employment is an important element in realizing women's personal and social values, as well as an important element of the State's efforts to build a harmonious society. Compared with the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the protection of women's equal rights in employment has made great progress. However, the influence of history, culture and traditional concepts still lingers, and the burden of women's maternity has aggravated the invisible discrimination in employment, while the newly released "three-child" policy has also had a certain impact on equal employment. The phenomenon of women being discriminated against in employment is still not uncommon. Therefore, this paper explores the problems, countermeasures and future development direction of the protection of women's right to equal employment in China from the system of protection of women's right to employment in China's Constitution and other laws and judicial practice. On the one hand, China should improve the existing laws and regulations, improve judicial procedures, define the criteria for determining discrimination in employment, and formulate a special anti-discrimination law; on the other hand, we should strengthen the law enforcement mechanism, and set up a specialized labor inspection and enforcement agency to protect equal employment and a more pro-employment “Equal Employment Commission”.

Gender stereotypes in Ukrainian advertising texts

Gender discrimination is an urgent problem that affects various aspects of public life, including advertising. In the context of Ukrainian reality, where transformations and changes are taking place, it is important to identify and understand the presence of gender stereotypes and discriminatory practices in advertising. The purpose of the study is to identify signs of gender discrimination in Ukrainian advertising and develop proposals to overcome it. Methods: analysis, generalisation, systematisation, synthesis. The results of a study of gender discrimination in Ukrainian advertising texts indicate the prevalence of gender stereotypes reflected in advertising campaigns. The study also suggests ways to identify gender discrimination in advertising texts, such as analysing roles, images, language use, and stereotypes. However, now in Ukrainian advertising there is a tendency to rethink views on the advertising product. As a result of the study, the main strategies for overcoming gender discrimination were formed, which included expanding roles, using positive stereotypes, emancipation, cooperation with gender organisations, including self-regulation of the advertising industry, and education to raise public awareness. As a result of the study of gender stereotypes, it was established that modern advertisers tend to understand the importance of building a tolerant and fair society and creating advertising content that positively affects the perception of gender roles and contributes to the development of equal rights for women and men. The results of the study can be useful for advertising agencies, creative teams, and marketers working on creating non-stereotypical advertising campaigns.

Measuring and explaining political tolerance among adolescents: insights from the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study2016

BackgroundTolerance is a prerequisite for deliberative democracies. Therefore, fostering tolerance is an important task for educational systems in democracies. In the present study, the concepts of social and political tolerance were disentangled and applied to the measurement approaches of the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2016 (ICCS 2016). A single scale of political tolerance was proposed by identifying items on equal rights of women and men, different racial and ethnic groups and immigrants that capture the support of equal political rights. Previous research indicates different approaches that might be used to foster tolerance in schools.MethodsThis study used the rarely applied alignment method to identify a political tolerance scale that was sufficiently invariant in the 15 participating European educational systems. The alignment method identifies solutions with minimal amounts of non-invariance. Multilevel regression analyses are used to identify which aspects of schooling are predictive of political tolerance at the student and at the school level.ResultsThe alignment analyses revealed a sufficiently invariant solution for the 15 education systems that could be used in regression analyses. While cognitive learning showed only a weak relationship with political tolerance, teacher fairness was relevant at student and school level. An open classroom climate was a positive predictor with relevant strength only at school level. Further multigroup analyses indicated that the results at the student level were stable between countries, while school level indicators varied more strongly between countries.ConclusionsResearchers need to acknowledge the conceptual differences between social and political tolerance in their measurement approaches. The alignment method can be useful to create scales that are comparable between many different educational systems. While educational systems differ strongly in their school level variance of political tolerance, teachers can play an important role in fostering political tolerance at the student level.

Visual Expression Art as a Platform for the Proclamation of Women's Equal Rights

This study investigates the efficacy of using creative visuals and their potential to legitimize and represent dynamic imagery in the fight against prejudice and discrimination against women. This study aims to understand more about how abused women feel. This study will demonstrate how groundbreaking it is to capture a woman's emotional speech, which manifests in any form where emotions are expressed, giving women who don't have one a voice and providing them with a secure opportunity to express their deepest thoughts and feelings through visual expression art.

ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ДОЦІЛЬНОСТІ ЗМІН У КАДРОВОМУ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТІ ЗАГАЛЬНОГО ЗАКЛАДУ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ: ВІД ТРАДИЦІЙ ДО ГЕНДЕРНОГО ПІДХОДУ

The article considers the expediency of using a gender approach in the management of a general secondary education institution instead of traditional management. It is emphasized that equal conditions of education and training of education seekers should form their equal opportunities. It is noted that professionalism has no gender. It was determined that social stereotypes, which are inherent in the societies of many countries, exist to this day. And if we trace the path of their formation, we will see that it is the school that plays a significant role here. The basic law of the state recognizes that a person is the highest social value. Therefore, education, combining national-cultural and universal human values, should create equal, favorable conditions for the formation of an individual who will recognize the rights of all members of society. Such a person should be the builder of a democratic society. One of such social values is gender equality. It is emphasized that ensuring equal rights of women and men is a fundamentally important component of democratization processes, a marker of Ukraine's European choice, which must be implemented to ensure gender equality; the specifics of applying the gender approach in personality formation are analyzed. It is noted that the emergence of gender educational technologies is connected with the growth of contradictions between the reproduction of patriarchal stereotypes in the interaction of the sexes and the real transformation of gender relations in modern Ukrainian society. One of the tasks facing the Ukrainian scientific school in matters of personnel management is taking into account the peculiarities of the Ukrainian mentality. It was determined that the gender approach in pedagogy is the analysis and reconstruction of the factors of the educational process in the direction of neutralizing gender stereotypes, increasing the social space for the comprehensive development of the individual. The implementation of this task requires great efforts, since the school and teachers remain global bearers of traditional patriarchal ideas about the role and place of men and women in society.

Family and Higher Educational Institutions - Grades of Stability in Gender Relations

The family is focused on stabilizing grades in gender relations and educational institutions. Children need to have the knowledge their family needs before they start working. At the same time, the family is focused on stabilizing grades in gender relations and educational institutions. It was emphasized that young people should have the knowledge needed by their families before starting work. The principles of legality, democracy, openness and transparency, and equal rights for women play an important role in ensuring gender equality and mutual understanding. The essence and principles of the OSCE to ensure equality of women are revealed, regardless of race, nationality, language, religion, social origin and faith, as well as personal social status. In the family and in universities, gender culture is ensured, as well as improvement and management of change during the period of study; the line of action to ensure gender-role orientation is aimed at a set of template models. Students must clearly role model one gender or the other.

What makes a liberal feminist? Identifying predictors of heterosexual women and men's liberal feminist ideology

AbstractIn the wake of the #MeToo movement, liberal feminism has garnered the spotlight on equal rights for women. However, what factors contribute to men and women developing liberal feminist ideologies? This is important to understand as this ideology is predictive of support for political and social policies that are currently under debate in the United States. In this survey study (149 heterosexual men and 233 heterosexual women) we examined attitudinal and ideological variables that underlie liberal feminist ideology. The results of this study indicate that heterosexual men scored significantly lower on liberal feminist ideology and significantly higher on traditional attitudes toward women, hostile and benevolent sexism, gender‐specific justification, rape myths, and conservative political affiliation compared to heterosexual women. Furthermore, traditional attitudes toward women, hostile and benevolent sexism, gender‐specific justification, rape myths, political leanings, and gender accounted for almost 70% of the variance in liberal feminist ideology. Participant gender did not moderate the regression analyses, suggesting that men and women are influenced similarly in determining what attitudes predict liberal feminist ideologies. Implications for support for public policy are addressed.

Community Empowerment Through Legal Counseling: Increasing Legal Awareness and Justice for Women and Children in Cijeruk Hamlet, Tasikmalaya City

Legal education about justice for women and children is an important step in understanding the Cijeruk Hamlet community about the rights and obligations of women and children in a legal context. This activity aims to fill this gap in understanding and increase understanding about the equal rights and obligations of women and children. In this activity, Article 30 of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage was socialized as a legal basis that guarantees equal rights for women and children. This activity also involved PKK women in Cijeruk Village, who have an important role in spreading information and understanding about justice for women and children in their environment. In addition, group counseling is carried out to provide opportunities for group members to share knowledge and experiences in overcoming family problems. The result of this legal education activity is an increase in public awareness, especially PKK women, about the rights and obligations of women and children under the law. The impact is the formation of a women's group that cares about justice for women and children.

Проблеми вищої жіночої освіти в Російській імперії та еміграція жінок до Швейцарії у 1870-х роках

The purpose of the research is to investigate the state of higher female education in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century and find out the reasons for female educational emigration to Switzerland in the early 1870s. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as special-historical - problem-chronological, comparative-historical, and retrospective methods - are used. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that little-researched aspects of the reasons for the educational emigration of women to Switzerland in the early 1870s are highlighted. The point of view of the government circles of the Russian Empire on the expediency of organizing women's higher education at home and their attempts to obtain education abroad is shown. The attitude of women revolutionaries to their experience of studying in Switzerland is revealed. Conclusions. Women's attempts to obtain higher education were motivated by the desire for self-realization and to raise their social status. They believed they could prove by their example that there was every reason to grant women equal rights to men. The half-heartedness and incompleteness of the reforms in the Russian Empire, which gave women access only to secondary education, forced them to look for alternative ways of acquiring scientific knowledge in non-formal education and universities abroad. In emigration, regardless of the initial goal, a new circle of communication often changed female students' views, convincing them to take the path of revolutionary struggle.

МІЖНАРОДНІ СТАНДАРТИ ТА НАЦІОНАЛЬНЕ ЗАКОНОДАВСТВО У СФЕРІ ЗАПОБІГАННЯ ТА ПРОТИДІЇ ГЕНДЕРНО ОБУМОВЛЕНОМУ НАСИЛЬСТВУ: ПРОБЛЕМНИЙ АНАЛІЗ

This study aims to analyse the international legal framework for cooperation among states in combating gender-based violence on the current stage of international law development. The article explores approaches to addressing the issues formulated to implement the provisions of key international legal documents on combating gender-based violence adopted at both universal and regional levels. By synthesizing existing scholarly materials, the degree and level of theoretical elaboration of the problem of gender-based violence within international law were determined, thus addressing key international legal issues regulating gender-based violence. The main international treaties, resolutions, decisions of international organizations, and governmental decisions aimed at ensuring women's equal rights were analysed, with special attention given to the analysis of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. The correlation and mutual influence of international and national law on the status of women in contemporary society were traced. The institution of women's rights protection within international law was reviewed, identifying its functions, tasks, and methods. The activities of major structures within the UN system (including specialized agencies such as WHO, UNFPA, etc.), regional intergovernmental, and non-governmental organizations in ensuring gender equality were considered. It is recommended, based on the provisions of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, which has regional application, taking into account its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the implementation practice, the development of a universal convention on combating violence against women is proposed, which will contribute to the standardization of approaches of relevant human rights treaty bodies within the UN system on this issue. Keywords: international law, international treaties, Istanbul Convention, gender-based violence, state positive obligations, discrimination.

The Decline of Fertility in East Asia Society: Its Sociological Factors and the Meaning of Women's Equal Rights

Women's equal rights are women's corresponding self-defense measures against the inequality that still exists in employment, education, or life, and it is also a symbol of the pursuit of personal dignity and self-rights. The inequality between men and women is mainly manifested in the excessive output of patriarchal values, which lead to problems such as male-female ratio imbalance and marriage squeeze and have seriously affected the fertility rate in the Asia-Pacific region. The problem of increasing the fertility rate is imminent, and society can take corresponding measures to improve its fundamental factors, rather than crudely attribute the problem to the awakening of women's consciousness, to some extent this is the objectification of women's value. However, the road to women's equal rights is still a long way to go. In recent years, the fertility rate issue has also been forced to be linked with the road to women's equal rights, which has aroused heated discussions. The study confirms fundamental factors of the low fertility rate and emphasizes the significance of women's equal rights.

Dilemmas and Solutions for Women in the Workplace

Nowadays, many women are discriminated in the workplace because of their gender. Equal employment for women is at the centre of this study, and the dynamic equilibrium between the reproductive policy and the related supporting policies, especially the public service policy, together constitute the policy background to the issue of women's employment, while at the same time the social has some negative evaluation of women's employment. At present, China's traditional labour division model of "men focusing on the outside and women focusing on the inside" has been turned into a labour participation model in which females devote themselves to both work and family, i.e., internal and external labour participation, while men still continue to "focus on the outside" one-dimensional labour model. The increase in women's labour force participation rate has, on the contrary, put women in a more unequal situation. This paper first describes the current situation of gender-based discrimination against women in the workplace in terms of three aspects: recruitment, promotion and pay. It then analyses the causes of these phenomena and looks for ways to address them to better protect women's equal rights in the workplace.

Overview of feminist movements in Turkey

Feminism is based on the principle that women are equal to men in social, political, cultural and economic fields. These principles include women's equal rights with men, women's social and political empowerment, women's sexual freedom, prevention of violence against women, women's health rights and the fight against gender discrimination. The aim of this study is to shed light on the idea of feminism in Turkey, which is on the transition route between Asia and Europe, with the last developed feminism scale and to compare the scores given by the participants to the statements of the Feminism scale according to different characteristics. It has been revealed whether there are differences between the scores given to the scale not only according to gender, but also according to demographic characteristics such as race, education, place of birth, etc.

A Study on Equal Pay for Women in India

Equal pay means that all workers have the right to receive equal remuneration for work of equal value. When businesses offer equal pay, they create a more competitive workforce that can provide their business with a wide range of benefits. Pay systems that reward employees equally for the same amount of work. The constitution of India grants men and women equal rights, gender disparities remain. Gender discrimination mostly in favor of men in many realms including the workplace. Discrimination affects many aspects in the lives of women from career development and progress to mental health disorders. Principle of equal pay for work of equal value has radical potential but uneven application and impact. Equal Remuneration Convention of 1951, these strengths remain difficult to capture. This collection includes studies of advances and technologies. As one strand within the multiplicity of measures required to impede the reproduction of gender pay gaps, its strengths lie in an expanded notion of equality and capacity to challenge gender norms embedded in wage-setting practices. The sample size of this exploration is 201 .The outgrowth of the exploration is to spread mindfulness to the employer who are employed under any organization for daily wages or salaried for monthly must receive equal amount of salary for the work rendered and to protect women gender.

Study on the Legal Protection of Women's Equal Rights in Employment in China under the Comparative Law Perspective of China and the United States

This research mainly lays emphasis on womens employment discrimination in China. In order to study this issue, various research methods are applied, such as comparative method, case-studying method and etc. The current situation of this issue is getting better with the development of domestic legal system, but problems still exist. Considering that America has more experience in dealing with this discrimination because of its history, it is chosen as the object of this research. The author compares China with America in legal system of womens employment discrimination, including legislation and law enforcement, after which problems are raised and solutions are put forward.

Political Empowerment of Egyptian Women (2005-2022)

Women’s rights advocates in Egypt are credited with leading the fight for equal rights for women. They played a vital role in the uprising of women’s rights in parliament and judiciary, and the women of Egypt soared through the Arab Spring revolution after 25th and 30th of January. Women in Arab countries have been marginalized and discriminated, leading to the Arab Spring Revolution of 2010 and 2011, which brought about positive changes for women in their traditional, political and decision-making lives. This study demonstrated every aspect and its outcomes of the revolution started by the women of Arab for their rights. The research is focused on discussing an important topic, namely the role of women in the State’s public policy-making process and ensuring they represent one of society’s most effective forces.

Accessibility of Entitlements among Women Agricultural Workers: A Case Study from Goalpara District of Assam, India

Despite several existing legal provisions to provide equal rights for women and men, Indian women agricultural workers remain restricted from getting their agricultural entitlements due to various socio-cultural reasons including discriminatory gendered norms. The study attempts to understand the accessibility of entitlements among women agricultural workers in the Goalpara district of Assam – the region where women’s dependency on agriculture is overwhelming. The study is based on a mixed-methods approach, using data collected from the field survey. The study reveals that rural agricultural women workers face substantial hindrances in accessing basic agricultural entitlements like land, credit and modern technology, making them socially and economically vulnerable.

Financial Literacy in Career Women and Lifestyle Hedonism in North Semarang District

This study aims to determine the socio-economic conditions of career women, lifestyle of career women, financial literacy of career women, and financial literacy and lifestyle of women's hedonism. This study uses qualitative research methods with a case study approach. the method of selecting subjects used purposive sampling with the categories of single, married and widowed career women. The results of the study show that gender equality in the Tanjung Mas Village in the economic field has been realized and in Indonesia women who have careers have been protected by articles 27 and 33 concerning the equal rights of women to work and receive proper treatment. Career women aim to make ends meet or work in the public world. Financially independent women who always have interactions such as co-workers and income to buy the things they want. These conditions provide opportunities for career women to change their lifestyle into hedonism. Career women in urban areas such as in the North Semarang Sub-District have easy access to public facilities such as cafes, karaoke, bars, and tourist attractions. Financial independence requires financial literacy knowledge and skills to maintain economic stability. Financial literacy abilities in career women include financial information, management skills, and the ability to generate an income by considering current and future risks to lead to financial wellbeing. Keywords: economy, career women, hedonism, financial literacy.