Wire Appliance Research Articles

Comparison of the orthodontic efficacy of the self-locking appliance and the ordinary straight wire appliance

Objective To compare the orthodontic efficacy of the self-locking appliance and the ordinary straight wire appliance.Methods A total of 144 patients from March 2010 to March 2012 at the Department of Stomatology Orthodontic Surgery,Zhejiang Dongyang City People's Hospital were divided into observation group (n =72) and control group (n =72) according to the random number table.The observation group were treated with the self-locking appliance,and the control group were treated with the ordinary straight wire appliance.Results (1) The number of referral unconventional visits had no statistically significant difference between two groups (U =-1.65,P =0.0990).The number of routine visits of observation group was significantly less than that of the control group (U =-2.80,P =0.0052).(2) The VAS score of observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (U =-8.47,P =0.0000).Conclusions The orthodontic efficacy of the self-locking appliance is obviously better than the ordinary straight wire appliance,and the former-caused pain is lighter.Therefore,the self-locking appliance is more suitable for orthodontic surgery. Key words: Orthodontic brackets; Orthodontics,corrective/instrumentation; Orthotic devices

Residents' journal review

Residents' journal review

The crown angulations and inclinations in Dravidian population with normal occlusion

There has always been a constant search for the definition of idealistic and realistic orthodontic treatment goals for different ethnic groups around the world. This study was hence devised to study the mesio-distal angulations and labio-lingual inclinations of the clinical crowns in Dravidian population with pleasing profiles and non-orthodontic normal occlusion. Forty dental casts from a Dravidian sample (21.5 years) with Class I canine and molar relation; normal maxillo-mandibular relationship; well-aligned arches; with no dental anomaly, restorations or attrition; no history of previous orthodontic treatment, and exhibiting normal growth were studied. A custom-made tip-torque device was used to measure the crown angulations and inclinations. The arithmetic mean and standard deviations for each tooth type were compared with those of Andrew's Caucasian norms using Student's 't' test. The study group exhibited statistically significant decrease in crown angulation (mesial tip) and increased labial crown torque in both upper and lower anteriors. The lower anteriors exhibited distal crown tip while the posteriors were significantly tipped more mesially. All the posteriors demonstrated increased lingual crown torque. Tip and torque modifications are suggested for the fine finishing and easy retention of occlusion in Dravidians while using straight wire appliance.

Comparative Analysis of Stress Distribution in Composite Resin Brackets with Metal Slot of Permanent Maxillary Central Incisor Using the Finite Element Method: A Pilot Study

Purpose: For aesthetic reasons, composite resin brackets are widely used. However, related studies are rare. This pilot study sought to compare the stress distributions in two commercially available composite resin brackets with metal slot. Materials and Methods: Two commercially available resin brackets -- full-metal slot resin bracket (fSRB) and partial-metal slot resin bracket (pSRB) with straight wire appliance dimension of <TEX>$0.022{\times}0.028$</TEX> in -- were selected. In each bracket, 3-dimensional finite element models were constructed, and stress level was evaluated using finite element analysis. By loading the tipping force and torsion moment, which are similar to those applied by the stainless steel rectangular wire (<TEX>$0.019{\times}0.025$</TEX> -in), stress distributions were calculated, and von Mises stress values were obtained. Results: In pSRB and fSRB, the stress value of the torque moment was much higher than that of the tipping force. The pSRB showed higher stress value than fSRB in both tipping force and torque moment because of the difference in size and configuration of the metal frame inserted into the slot. More stress was also found to be concentrated on the slot area than the wing area in fSRB. Conclusion: The slot form of fSRB was found to be more resistant to the stress of tipping and torque than the slot form of pSRB. In addition, the slot areas -- rather than the wing areas -- of the bracket showed breakage susceptibility. Therefore, resistance to the torque moment on the slot area should be considered in bracket design.

Treatment effects of double parabolic lingual springs appliance and straight wire appliance therapy in skeletal class III malocclusion

Objective To evaluate the treatment effects of double parabolic lingual springs appliance and straight wire appliance therapy in skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion. Methods 12 cases with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion were treated by double parabolic lingual springs appliance and straight wire appliance, cephalometric tracing measurement were taken in analysis,compared between pretreatment and posttreatment in each case. Results The comparison of before and after orthodontic treatment showed angle SNA increased by 2.80°, angle SNB decreased 1.39°ANB decreased by 4.88°. Conclusion The above metioned technique could be a reliable way to treat mild and moderate skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion. Key words: Malocclusion, angle class Ⅲ; Orthodontic wires; Maxilla

Mix And Match !!! Combination of P.E.A. and Begg Appliance in the Treatment of Class II Division 1 Malocclusion - A Case Report

It is very important for a clinician to understand the biomechanics of various existing appliances to accommodate them in practice to bring about effective treatment results. Selection of appliance coupled with careful diagnosis and treatment plan bring about desired result with minimum discomfort to the patient. This article demonstrates the successful combination of P.E.A, Begg's Light Wire Appliance, Expansion screws and open coil springs for a non extraction treatment in a growing individual with class II division 1 malocclusion.

Classe II divisão 1 associada à deficiência transversal maxilar. Tratamento com disjuntor tipo Hyrax e aparelho de Herbst: relato de caso clínico

A má oclusão de Classe II divisão 1 de Angle é, frequentemente, acompanhada da atresia maxilar. Esse problema transversal da maxila deve ser corrigido, sempre que possível, antes da correção anteroposterior, sendo que os aparelhos de expansão rápida são os mais utilizados para isso. Para a correção da Classe II, atualmente, os aparelhos funcionais fixos são os mais estudados e empregados, por serem aparelhos intrabucais e necessitarem de menor colaboração do paciente. O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar a estabilidade dos resultados obtidos após seis anos de tratamento com expansor tipo Hyrax, seguido do aparelho funcional fixo de Herbst e aparelho fixo. Após uma revisão da literatura, será apresentado um caso clínico, com atresia maxilar e má oclusão de Classe II divisão 1, tratado com essa terapia. O tratamento foi realizado em um curto período de tempo, com resultados funcionais e estéticos satisfatórios e mantidos ao longo dos anos.

Extraction treatment and soft tissue facial profile

A harmonious soft-tissue facial profile is an important consideration in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Extraction of premolar teeth sometimes is necessary to achieve the treatment goals. Facial soft tissue profile adaptation to incisors retraction is still controversial. This study was carried out to evaluate the response of soft tissue facial profile to maxillary and mandibular incisors retraction. Pre and post treatment lateral cephalograms of 30 patients, having bimaxillary dental protrusion, who required extraction of four first premolars, were traced, superimposed, and evaluated. All patients were treated with preadjusted straight wire appliances. All the subjects were females with a mean age of 16 years, 5 months to reduce variables caused by growth and sex differences. The Facial soft tissue profile was evaluated using a series of eight linear and angular measurements, and the effect of orthodontic correction was determined using paired t-tests, then Pearson r correlation analysis was done to calculate the correlation coefficient. The results demonstrated that the extraction of four premolars greatly reduces soft tissue procumbency seen in patients with bimaxillary protrusion that were indicated by the significant post treatment changes for all of the soft tissue profile variables studied. Pearson r correlation analysis indicated that: - The Nasolabial angle, Lower lip retraction and Upper lip retraction correlates well with upper incisors retraction. - Lower lip retraction correlates well with lower incisors retraction. - Upper lip retraction correlates well with the lower lip retraction. - Labiomental angle does not show good correlation with upper incisors retraction. - Lower lip thickness does not correlate with upper incisors retraction. - Upper lip thickness showed poor correlation with Upper incisors retraction.

The Straight Arch Wire Appliance in Lingual Orthodontics

The Straight Arch Wire Appliance in Lingual Orthodontics

Le bracket Top Wire Appliance : déplacements et frottements

The TWA (Top Wire Appliance) bracket enables a vertical insertion of the rectangular orthodontic archwire. This updated biomechanical evolution of the TWA technique promotes corrections during the first therapeutic stages of a fixed treatment. This bracket has been designed to take full advantage of the properties of shape memory archwires, reducing chairtime and making deep bite correction easier, dental rotations, alignment, leveling and stabilization, thanks to the rigidity of the vertically inserted arch, working heightwise. Progressive tightening ligature, adapted to the therapeutic sequence in progress is an element of biomechanics in TWA technique.

What price progress?

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002;121:243

矯正治療中において下顎を中心位に位置づけるための一考察

R. H. Roth and others have incorporated mandibular function analysis using C.P.I. (Condylar Position Indicator) and Axi-Path Recorder as part of orthodontic diagnosis to achieve the treatment goal of establishing centric occlusion with the condyles seated in centric relation. Their approach is to stabilize the mandibular position with a splint prior to orthodontic treatment in patients with unstable mandibular positions due to Temporo-Mandibular Disorder, major CO-CR discrepancy based on C.P.I. data, or facial asymmetry. The treatment procedures are simplified by utilizing the Straight Wire Appliance or SWA with necessary anatomical information built into the brackets, which are directly bonded to tooth surfaces. This comprehensive system integrating all the steps from diagnosis to treatment has improved the accuracy, reliability and simplicity of orthodontic treatment, contributing greatly to the advancement of modern orthodontics.However, the loss of mandibular stability during orthodontic treatment is unavoidable due to difficulty of wearing a splint with an orthodontic appliance. This paper introduces the mini occlusal splint developed by the authors to compensate for this shortcoming.The patient had no midline deviation initially. The C. P. I. data showed no discrepancy. There was no difference in the amount of cuspid overjet between the right and left sides. Space closure was accomplished equally on both sides. However, the midline deviation was noticed with a difference in the amount of cuspid overjet between the two sides at the time of space closure or 6 months after the beginning of orthodontic treatment. The midline deviation increased further 9 months into treatment. The most probable cause was “mandibular displacement.” However, the patient was in the midst of maxillary anterior retraction, making it difficult to wear a regular splint. The mini occlusal splints were bonded onto the occlusal surfaces with an adhesive resin so that a maximum number of teeth could come into equal occlusal contact in CR. The mandibular position was stabilized and the midline deviation was eliminated approximately 3 months after the placement of the occlusal splints.1. GC pattern resin is mixed. Pour in a small amount of water and mix to the consistency of a dough.2. Take an anterior bite with the resin. Trim the resin to leave shallow indentations of incisal edges of the lower anterior teeth. Replace it in the mouth to check its reproducibility.3. Take posterior bites with a quick-cure resin. Mark an outline of each splint and the tooth number on the upper side of the posterior bite and lower cusp tips on the bottom side with an indelible pen. Trim the resin to leave only cusp tip indentations. Grind each splint along the recorded outline.4. Bond the splints to the occlusal surfaces of the upper molars.1) It is very important to make a differential diagnosis to determine if the problem is skeletal or not. For this purpose, it is necessary to achieve a stable mandibular position prior to orthodontic treatment with a centric splint.2) This case effectively demonstrates the effectiveness of the mini occlusal splints when midline deviation is caused by mandibular displacement.3) In our practice, 30 patients have developed TMD symptoms during orthodontic treatment. The symptoms were eliminated in 28 patients of these patients.

An Unsupervised Straight Wire Appliance—A Case Report

The remarkable potential of the straight-wire appliance to provide continuing tooth movement is demonstrated. A 14-year-old male patient was fitted with an upper appliance which remained in situ, unsupervised, for 14 months. An unexpected degree of space closure and overjet reduction occurred. Factors that may have contributed to this unexpected degree of improvement are considered.

A cephalometric analysis of the morphology of the cranial base and bony nasopharynx in cleft palate persons

springs mesial to both first premolars, the buccal segments then can act as anchorage and the incisors will be found to have moved farther labially than before treatment. It is recommended that one buccal segment at a time be corrected. When one buccal segment is corrected a new appliance is constructed, as described above, for correcting the opposite side. When the buccal segments are brought into Class I alignment, they are stabilized and the anterior segments are corrected. To aid in stabilizing the buccal segments, cervical-occipital gear is used with its arms attached to two small 0.36 inch loops in diameter, which are soldered to the retainer labial wire opposite the distal angles of the lateral incisors prior to embedding in the acrylic. This appliance is termed ACCO-AC for the Anterior acrylic in which the labial bow is embedded and CO for the cervical-occipital gear. The distal movement of the anterior teeth is accomplished with a saddle arch wire appliance. The ACCO appliance had been used successfully by orthodontists for many years.

New orthodontic treatment with lingual bracket mushroom arch wire appliance

New orthodontic treatment with lingual bracket mushroom arch wire appliance

Evaluation of the straight arch wire concept

A n increasing number of orthodontists who work with some sort of edgewise technique are changing their armamentarium of conventional edgewise brackets to a more sophisticated system that allows them to work with arch wires that are unbent except for the basic arch form (straight arch wire). Hence, an increasing number of orthodontic supply companies promote such systems. They carry different names, but all of them ultimately have the same goal-to reduce the time needed by the orthodontist to bend arch wires. (The first company who used and promoted such a system on a large scale called it “the straight wire appliance.“) By looking more closely at the different systems, the orthodontist might detect a rather large variation in the built-in features from one company to another and even within a company’s own system. Many companies claim to have developed-in close cooperation with outstanding clinicians-the ideal system that allows the user to work with no bends (other than the arch form) or with a minimal number of bends. The buyer of any such system, however, should remember that he can buy only the brackets (prewelded on bands or on direct bonding pads) but not the skills of the clinicians who helped the company to develop its system. What might work in one clinician’s hand might not work in another’s. This article seeks to offer the clinician a better understanding of what to expect from the straight arch wire concept and what to consider in the purchase of a straight arch wire system. I believe that a straight arch wire system-correctly applied-can actually help to decrease chair time.

Treatment of bimaxillary protraction cases with only the twin and flat wire appliances and also in conjunction with removable anchorage

Treatment of bimaxillary protraction cases with only the twin and flat wire appliances and also in conjunction with removable anchorage

The Johnson twin arch appliance: I. The philosophy of treatment with the Johnson twin arch appliance II. The procedure of treatment with the twin wire appliance

The Johnson twin arch appliance: I. The philosophy of treatment with the Johnson twin arch appliance II. The procedure of treatment with the twin wire appliance

Wrought Clasps with Plastic Bases

Until the early 1970s, successful treatment with the Begg technique and the Tweed edgewise technique required tedious wire bending. The introduction of Andrews' straight wire appliance changed that, and it was one of the most significant contributions in the history of orthodontics. The straight wire appliance significantly reduced the amount of wire bending and also brought along other options in treatment mechanics. Retraction of the canines with elastic chains and ligature wires became more common. Sliding mechanics in place of closing loops became the method of space closure for a significant number of clinicians. Edgewise force levels were initially used to close spaces; however, it was soon observed that lighter forces were more effective with sliding mechanics. Along with these changes, it became apparent that compensation in the appliance was needed, depending on the type of malocclusion and particularly with varying extraction sequences. Various appliance designs were developed to accommodate changes in mechanics and force levels. These modifications improved tooth positions at the end of treatment as long as the brackets were properly placed. These major changes in appliances, force levels, and treatment mechanics can be traced back to the work of Dr Lawrence Andrews and the straight wire appliances.