Wireless Control Research Articles

Remote path-following control for a holonomic Mecanum-wheeled robot in a resource-efficient networked control system

This paper introduces a novel resource-efficient control structure for remote path-following control of autonomous vehicles based on a comprehensive combination of Kalman filtering, non-uniform dual-rate sampling, periodic event-triggered communication, and prediction-based and packet-based control techniques. An essential component of the control solution is a non-uniform dual-rate extended Kalman filter (NUDREKF), which includes an h-step ahead prediction stage. The prediction error of the NUDREKF is ensured to be exponentially mean-square bounded. The algorithmic implementation of the filter is straightforward and triggered by periodic event conditions. The main goal of the approach is to achieve efficient usage of resources in a wireless networked control system (WNCS), while maintaining satisfactory path-following behavior for the vehicle (a holonomic Mecanum-wheeled robot). The proposal is additionally capable of coping with typical drawbacks of WNCS such as time-varying delays, and packet dropouts and disorder. A Simscape Multibody simulation application reveals reductions of up to 93% in resource usage compared to a nominal time-triggered control solution. The simulation results are experimentally validated in the holonomic Mecanum-wheeled robotic platform.

MoS2-based charge trapping layer enabled triboelectric nanogenerator with assistance of CNN-GRU model for intelligent perception

Self-powered sensing technology and smart perception technology have broad application prospects in flexible and wearable electronics. In this work, a flexible triboelectric nanogenerator (RMP-TENG) based on a room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV)@(Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)) functional layer is developed using a layer-by-layer self-assembly and material doping strategy. The RTV@(MoS2/PVC) functional layer is divided into a charge-generating layer (RTV/PVC) and a charge-trapping layer (RTV/MoS2). The synergistic effect of PVC and MoS2 has improved the surface roughness and charge transfer efficiency of RMP-TENG, doubling its output performance to 1055 V and 112 μA. In order to further improve the tactile sensing accuracy of RMP-TENG, a deep learning model based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is developed. It predicts the type of contact material based on the features of tactile signals, achieving a prediction accuracy of 93.975%. Additionally, by combining mobile smart terminals, the CNN-GRU model, and RMP-TENG, a wireless access control system based on self-powered tactile sensing and intelligent material recognition is developed. Through the optimization of these experiments and algorithms, RMP-TENG has achieved real-time material recognition capabilities. This demonstrates the broad application prospects of RMP-TENG in wearable energy supply, intelligent sensing, human-computer interaction, and other areas.

Wireless Incubators and Photodynamic Therapy Enhance Premature Infant Care

This study addresses the critical health challenges faced by premature infants by developing an innovative, wirelessly controlled incubator using Arduino technology. By maintaining optimal environmental conditions (37°C and 50% humidity), similar to a mother's womb, and utilizing photodynamic therapy with a 400nm wavelength light to treat jaundice, our system reduces the risks associated with traditional wired setups and operational costs. The results demonstrate effective regulation of temperature and humidity, as well as a reduction in bilirubin levels, suggesting that this technology has significant potential to enhance neonatal care for premature infants. Highlights: Wireless control systems in incubators improve safety and reduce the complexity and cost associated with traditional wired setups. Photodynamic therapy effectively reduces bilirubin levels, addressing jaundice in premature babies. Maintaining optimal incubator conditions of 37°C temperature and 50% humidity mirrors the environment of a mother’s womb, enhancing survival rates. Keywords: Premature Infants, Wireless Technology, Incubator, Photodynamic Therapy, Neonatal Care

Harnessing Green Electricity from Food: A Split Black Gram-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for a Self-Powered Autonomous Lighting System and Portable Electronics.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) represent a promising solution to mounting environmental concerns associated with battery disposal amid the escalating demand for portable electronics. However, prevailing TENG fabrication predominantly relies on nonbiodegradable, nonbiocompatible, and synthetic materials, posing a grave ecological threat. To mitigate this, there is a pressing need to develop eco-friendly and green TENGs leveraging sustainable, naturally occurring materials. This study pioneers the use of split black gram (SBG) as a tribo-positive material for TENGs. SBG's effectiveness as a tribo-positive material stems from its abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups, as confirmed by FTIR analysis, facilitating electron donation during the triboelectric process. SBG offers compelling advantages, including widespread availability, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, and hydrophobic and adhesive properties due to its richness in starch and protein, positioning it as an optimal choice for eco-conscious TENG manufacturing. The fabrication process of an SBG-TENG is not only economical and facile but also solvent-free, requiring no specialized tools. Demonstrating commendable performance, the SBG-TENG achieves a maximum power density of 15.36 μW/cm2 at 1 MΩ, with an open circuit voltage of 84 V and short circuit current of 28 μA, comparable to recent studies. In practical applications, the SBG-TENG seamlessly integrates with LEDs and portable electronic devices via a full bridge rectifier, successfully powering them postcapacitor charging. Moreover, an autonomous lighting system is developed by embedding the SBG-TENG in a foot mat, enabling wireless light control through human stepping on the mat, introducing power-saving functionality for residential and office environments. In essence, the introduction of the SBG-TENG not only delivers cost-effectiveness but also minimizes the environmental impact by harnessing sustainable energy from food sources.

Locomotion Control of Cyborg Insects by Charge-Balanced Biphasic Electrical Stimulation.

The integration of electronic stimulation devices with insects in the context of cyborg insect systems has great application potential, particularly in the fields of environmental monitoring, urban surveillance, and rescue missions. Despite considerable advantages compared to the current robot technology, including flexibility, durability, and low energy consumption, this integration faces certain challenges related to the potential risk of charge accumulation caused by prolonged and repetitive electrical stimulations. To address these challenges, this study proposes a universal system for remote signal output control using infrared signals. The proposed system integrates high-precision digital-to-analog converters capable of generating customized waveform electrical stimulation signals within defined ranges. This enhances the accuracy of locomotion control in cyborg insects while maintaining real-time control and dynamic parameter adjustment. The proposed system is verified by experiments. The experimental results show that the signals generated by the proposed system have a success rate of over 76.25% in controlling the turning locomotion of cyborg insects, which is higher than previously reported results. In addition, the charge-balanced characteristics of these signals can minimize muscle tissue damage, thus substantially enhancing control repeatability. This study provides a comprehensive solution for the remote control and monitoring of cyborg insects, whose flexibility and adaptability can meet various application and experimental requirements. The results presented in this study lay a robust foundation for further advancement of various technologies, particularly those related to cyborg insect locomotion control systems and wireless control mechanisms for cyborg insects.

Soft bioelectronics for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in neurological diseases

Physical and chemical signals in the central nervous system yield crucial information that is clinically relevant under both physiological and pathological conditions. The emerging field of bioelectronics focuses on the monitoring and manipulation of neurophysiological signals with high spatiotemporal resolution and minimal invasiveness. Significant advances have been realized through innovations in materials and structural design, which have markedly enhanced mechanical and electrical properties, biocompatibility, and overall device performance. The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of soft bioelectronics has been corroborated across a diverse array of pre-clinical settings. This review summarizes recent studies that underscore the developments and applications of soft bioelectronics in neurological disorders, including neuromonitoring, neuromodulation, tumor treatment, and biosensing. Limitations and outlooks of soft devices are also discussed in terms of power supply, wireless control, biocompatibility, and the integration of artificial intelligence. This review highlights the potential of soft bioelectronics as a future platform to promote deciphering brain functions and clinical outcomes of neurological diseases.

A wireless controlled robotic insect with ultrafast untethered running speeds

Running speed degradation of insect-scale (less than 5 cm) legged microrobots after carrying payloads has become a bottleneck for microrobots to achieve high untethered locomotion performance. In this work, we present a 2-cm legged microrobot (BHMbot, BeiHang Microrobot) with ultrafast untethered running speeds, which is facilitated by the complementary combination of bouncing length and bouncing frequency in the microrobot’s running gait. The untethered BHMbot (2-cm-long, 1760 mg) can achieve a running speed of 17.5 BL s−1 and a turning centripetal acceleration of 65.4 BL s−2 at a Cost of Transport of 303.7 and a power consumption of 1.77 W. By controlling its two front legs independently, the BHMbot demonstrates various locomotion trajectories including circles, rectangles, letters and irregular paths across obstacles through a wireless control module. Such advancements enable the BHMbot to carry out application attempts including sound signal detection, locomotion inside a turbofan engine and transportation via a quadrotor.

Formation of flight zones of UAV according to the degree of stability in order to increase the reliability of the command radio control line in the conditions of the use of air defense and electronic suppression

The combat use of small and medium-class unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in recent local military conflicts, as well as the experience of using UAVs in the operation of the Russian Aerospace Forces in Syria and Ukraine, has shown that they are mainly assigned the tasks of aerial reconnaissance in those areas of the theater of operations (Theater of Operations) where The use of manned aircraft is unjustified or impractical due to the high probability of damage to manned aircraft. The main threats to UAVs in modern theater are the possibility of hitting them with anti-aircraft missile systems (SAMs) of air defense (air defense), as well as the suppression of the command radio control line (CRU) of the UAV by means of electronic suppression (RAP) of the enemy. The purpose of the work is to develop theoretical solutions aimed at the formalized formation of air defense and RAP zones in the theater based on clustering theory methods for subsequent consideration of these zones in the automated formation of UAV flight routes. The paper proposes a methodology for the formalized formation of air defense and RAP zones based on the methods of clustering theory. In the future, the air defense and RAP zones are taken into account in the automated route control of the UAV by forming the flight route of the UAV bypassing these zones. The novelty of this solution, which distinguishes it from well–known works in the field of formation of UAV flight routes, is the consideration of two types of destabilizing factors as obstacles to UAV flight - the impact of air defense and REP means. These factors are formalized in the form of an integral metric of nodes in the graph of the geotopological model of the theater flight zone. At the same time, the Lance-Williams mathematical algorithm of hierarchical clustering is used to form «closed for flights» zones in which the probability of UAV damage is high, and areas of control violation due to the impact of RAP means. The connectivity check of the route network is based on the method of determining the strongly connected areas of the graph. The resulting solution makes it possible to increase the stability of UAV control during their combat use in theater equipped with air defense and RAP systems.

Modeling the effect of magnetoelectric nanoparticles on neuronal electrical activity: An analog circuit approach.

This paper introduces a physical neuron model that incorporates magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) as an essential electrical circuit component to wirelessly control local neural activity. Availability of such a model is important as MENPs, due to their magnetoelectric effect, can wirelessly and noninvasively modulate neural activity, which, in turn, has implications for both finding cures for neurological diseases and creating a wireless noninvasive high-resolution brain-machine interface. When placed on a neuronal membrane, MENPs act as magnetic-field-controlled finite-size electric dipoles that generate local electric fields across the membrane in response to magnetic fields, thus allowing to controllably activate local ion channels and locally initiate an action potential. Herein, the neuronal electrical characteristic description is based on ion channel activation and inhibition mechanisms. A MENP-based memristive Hodgkin-Huxley circuit model is extracted by combining the Hodgkin-Huxley model and an equivalent circuit model for a single MENP. In this model, each MENP becomes an integral part of the neuron, thus enabling wireless local control of the neuron's electric circuit itself. Furthermore, the model is expanded to include multiple MENPs to describe collective effects in neural systems.

Wireless Communication and Control Co-Design for System Identification

Wireless Communication and Control Co-Design for System Identification

The engineering face-lift of the 32m dish: technical upgrades of Ghana Radio Astronomy Observatory (GRAO)

Ghana's 32-meter radio telescope, inaugurated in August 2017, was once a redundant telecommunications dish that underwent conversion. Prior to this transformation, feasibility studies were conducted to assess the dish's structural integrity, technical compatibility, and economic viability. These studies aimed to determine if the conversion project could be technically achieved given the available technology, expertise, and resources. This paper delves into the engineering considerations surrounding structural, mechanical, software, control and monitoring, radio frequency, and timing frequency reference requirements that distinguish the operation of a radio telescope from its former role as a satellite earth station. Significant components such as the azimuth bearing, sub-reflector support, cable wrap, and electrical motors underwent replacement. Additionally, a new C-band receiver, radio frequency controller, active hydrogen maser timing frequency, and software were developed. Testing protocols to meet science requirements for both single-dish observations and Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) are also discussed. The conversion process proved to be lengthy and encountered numerous unforeseen circumstances, yet it provided invaluable learning experiences for a developing country like Ghana.

PC Controller using Android Device

Abstract: From some years there has been a significant evolution in mobile or smartphone computing and communication devices like mobile phones, media players and many more. This project e is proposed to be able to perform most of the actions a normal computer keyboard and mouse can accomplish. Wireless presentation controller ensures good freedom of movement. but, most of such devices do not allow user full operation on the computer, like running the program, moving or closing an application window, etc This project proposed the design and implementation of converting smartphones into computer remote controllers by which user can wirelessly operate a computer. sWe proposed the system which can reduce the strain of sore moment with the use of computer. It enables the user to move cursor, click operation and applications, play with media such like forward, rewind, pause, run, and increase or reduce the volume of a media file, multi-touch scrolling , pinch gesture for zoom in and out. This could be achieved by useing the proposed application that occurs to the computer network via Wi-Fi which can connects both system with each other, then command from the mobile phone that remotely controls the computer.

Examining the Application of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) Principles in Wireless Networks Virtualization, Control and Resource Management: a Systematic Literature Review

Examining the Application of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) Principles in Wireless Networks Virtualization, Control and Resource Management: a Systematic Literature Review

Design and Fabrication of 3D-Printed Robotic Arm by Using Stepper Motor

Abstract: The Main technology of this proposed work was to design and fabrication of pick and place robotic arm by 3d-printing technology. The robot arm will be designed with four degree of freedom and programmed to accomplish accurately simple light material pick and place task to assist in the production line in any industry. ARDUNO an open-source computer hardware and software is applied to control robot arm by driving four servo motors to be capable to modify the position wireless control was done by using a Smartphone with android operating system through a Bluetooth module. The robotic arm Working and its performance in execution of pick and place task should be analyzed

Design and Development of Four Directional Fire Protection System

The creation of an autonomous Four Directional fire protection robot is long overdue. Thanks to the creation of such a device, people and property can be rescued at a much higher rate with only minimal fire damage. It hwas our responsibility as engineers to develop and evaluate a prototype fire detection and suppression system. For this project, we created a solar-powered feature for uninterruptible power supply. mobile robot with wireless control. The robot can move around a model building, find a fire, and then use a water spray to extinguish it. the demand Long overdue is the development of an autonomous fire extinguisher robot. People and property can be saved at a considerably greater rate with only little fire damage thanks to the development of such a device. As engineers, it was our job to create and test a prototype fire detection and suppression system. For uninterruptible power supply, we designed a solar-powered feature for this project. Wirelessly operated mobile robot. The robot is the one that can go through a model building, locate a fire, and then put it out with the aid of a water spray. Keywords: Arduino uno Controller, LCD display, BT Module, Automatic Fire detection, 360° fire protection, Buzzer etc.

A method to enhance the accuracy of radio frequency power measurements in particle accelerator high‐frequency systems

AbstractThis letter presents a method for accurately calculating radio frequency (RF) power in a standing wave transmission line system. The proposed approach utilizes two directional couplers in conjunction with a low‐level radio frequency control system. RF power is determined through the application of proposed equations derived from amplitude and phase measurements of coupling signals obtained from the two directional couplers. Experimental validation of the method is conducted using two directional couplers with directivities of 26 and 28 dB, respectively, operating at 162.5 MHz across the entire wavelength. Results indicate that employing a single directional coupler yields average power errors of approximately 6.6% and 5.8%, respectively. However, by implementing the proposed method, the measurement error can be reduced to approximately 1.0%.

On the Actuation Technologies of Biomedical Microrobot: A Summarized Review

In recent years, wireless microrobots have gotten more attention due to their huge potential in the biomedical field, especially drug delivery. Microrobots have several benefits, including small size, low weight, sensitivity, and flexibility. These characteristics have led to microscale improvements in control systems and power delivery with the development of submillimeter-sized robots. Wireless control of individual mobile microrobots has been achieved using a variety of propulsion systems, and improving the actuation and navigation of microrobots will have a significant impact. On the other hand, actuation tools must be integrated and compatible with the human body to drive these untethered microrobots along predefined paths inside biological environments. This study investigated key microrobot components, including medical applications, actuation systems, control systems, and design schemes. The efficiency of a microrobot is impacted by many factors, including the material, structure, and environment of the microrobot. Furthermore, integrating a hybrid actuation system and multimodal imaging can increase the microrobot's navigation effect, imaging algorithms, and working environment. In addition, taking into account the human body's moving distance, autonomous actuating technology could be used to deliver microrobots precisely and quickly to a specific position using a combination of quick approaches.

R3C: Reliability and Control Cost Co-Aware in RIS-Assisted Wireless Control Systems for IIoT

R3C: Reliability and Control Cost Co-Aware in RIS-Assisted Wireless Control Systems for IIoT

Wireless Diagnosis and Control of DC–DC Converter for Off-Grid Photovoltaic Systems

Integrating a photovoltaic (PV) microgrid system with wireless network control heralds a new era for renewable energy systems. This fusion capitalizes on the strengths of photovoltaic technology, leveraging solar energy for electricity generation while incorporating advanced networked control capabilities. Although employing network communication to facilitate information exchange among system elements offers benefits, it also introduces novel challenges which can hinder fault diagnosis, such as packet loss and communication delay. This paper focuses on a cloud-based fault detection approach for an effective boost converter within a photovoltaic system. Faults are diagnosed using a detection algorithm based on the Lyapunov function, ensuring power optimization. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated through simulations of a PV generator model utilizing real-time weather data collected in Brazil, illustrating its robustness through the acquired results.

Simplistic framework of single-pixel-programmable metasurfaces integrated with a capsuled LED array

Coding metasurfaces can manipulate electromagnetic wave in real time with high degree of freedom, the fascinating properties of which enrich the metasurface design with a wide range of application prospects. However, most of the coding metasurfaces are designed based on external excitation framework with the wired electrical or wireless light control devices, thus inevitably causing the interference with electromagnetic wave transmission and increasing the complexity of the metasurface design. In this work, a simplistic framework of single-pixel-programmable metasurfaces integrated with a capsuled LED array is proposed to dynamically control electromagnetic wave. The framework fully embeds the photoresistor in the meta-atom, controlling the LED array to directly illuminate the photoresistor to modulate the phase response. With this manner, the complex biasing network is transformed to the universal LED array, which means the physical control framework can be transformed to a software framework, and thus the functions of the metasurface can be freely manipulated by encoding the capsuled LED array avoiding mutual coupling of adjacent meta-atoms in real time. All the results verify that the far-field scattering pattern can be customized with this single-pixel-programmable metasurface. Encouragingly, this work provides a universal framework for coding metasurface design, which lays the foundation for metasurface intelligent perception and adaptive modulation.