Wire Rolling Research Articles

THE INFLUENCE OF MANGANESE ON THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF HIGH CARBON STEEL C66D

<p>Modern steel production cannot be imagined without manganese, because almost all steels contain<br />manganese.<br />In this paper, we present the impact of manganese on the tensile strength values of high-carbon steel.<br />This paper presents an improvement in the quality of wire rolling with control of manganese content in<br />steel and the value of C-equivalent, in industrial conditions, which is of particular importance in the<br />production of this quality of steel.<br />For the presented quality of rolled wire made of high-carbon steel, it is possible to control the C-equivalent<br />in high-carbon steel to achieve values for tensile strength in exceptionally narrow tolerances of 1000 ± 30<br />MPa.</p>

Analysis of the roll imprint on the cross-sectional area of hot rolled wire rod by frequency spectroscopy

This work presents an approach for analysing the sensor data of an eddy-current based cross-sectional area measurement for hot rod and wire steel in an innovative manner and for approximating the influence on the forward slip by longitudinal tensile forces between the mill stands. The method is based on frequency spectroscopy of the cross-sectional area of the rolled stock. The measurement data of three sensors already implemented in two hot rolling mills is used in order to obtain information out of the roll imprint on the cross-sectional area. Since measurement data from two measuring sites and from three sensors are evaluated, this allows statements to be made about the reliability and reproducibility of the measurement and shows that the method can be used for different rolling blocks such as 3-roll and 2-roll blocks. In addition, a mathematical model is presented which allows conclusions to be drawn about possible causes for certain characteristics in the measured frequency spectrum of the cross-sectional area.

Influence of wire rolling on Zircalloy-2: tensile behaviour and microstructural investigation

In the present work, the microstructure, tensile and texture properties of Zircalloy-2 (Zr-2) processed by the room temperature wire rolling (RTWR) have been investigated. The detail microstructural investigation was performed with the help of optical microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD). Dislocation density was calculated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) through modified Williamson Hall technique. The dislocation density increased as the true strain increased from 0.69 to 1.32, but at the same time when true strain increased from 1.32 to 2.77, dislocations density start decreasing. It was occurred due to the formation of large volume fraction of dynamic recrystallization grains (DRX) after inducing true strain of 2.77. The maximum yield strength of 750 MPa was achieved after true strain of 1.32, but as the induced true strain increased to 2.77, the yield strength decreased to 620 MPa. It was due to the formation of high volume fraction of DRX grain and grain coarsening led by the dislocations annihilation mechanism. The highest ductility was achieved after true strain of 2.77 is attributed to domination of dislocations annihilation assisted mechanism. The EBSD and tensile test investigation further confirmed the presence of Extension twinning ({101¯2}<101¯1>) after inducing a true strain of 1.32 and more, which signify the severe deformation through the RTWR. Further, deformation mechanism of Zr-2 alloy has been proposed through processing by RTWR with the help of experimental investigation.

Fundamental Investigations to Evaluate the Influence of Notching Processes on a Subsequent Cyclic Bending Process for the Production of Wire Cores

The production of wire cores by notch rolling and cyclic bending promises an ecologically and economically efficient manufacturing option for steel fibers. The paper at hand evaluates the influence of wire strips on cyclic bending by applying rolled wire strips of DP600 sheet metal (t0 = 0.8 mm) and a new cyclic bending testing tool. Analysis of material separation with varying parameters, rolling gap d and bending angle β, proves the interdependency of both process step, but indicates reduced adjustability of the notch rolling process. To enable better adjustability of the wire strip’s characteristics and analysis of their effects, wire strip production in the laboratory by notch stamping instead of rolling is aspired. The prior interaction analysis states the web height b, the notch angle α, and the hardening distribution as relevant wire strip’s characteristics to be replicated. Based on experimental analysis, an equivalent of notch rolling by notch stamping is deduced by considering the web height b identical for stamping and rolling, by adjusting the tool’s notch angle αt based on an equation considering geometric evaluations of α, and by taking advantage of the asymmetric hardening distribution of the outer notch which is comparable to rolled wire strip.

Quadratic regression analysis for nonlinear heat source/sink and mathematical Fourier heat law influences on Reiner-Philippoff hybrid nanofluid flow applying Galerkin finite element method

BackgroundScientists across the world have tried to explore the effect of non-Newtonian fluids moving over a symmetric stretchable sheet with the presence of diverse influences revealed in this study due to its tremendous applications in various engineering and industrialized sectors like aerodynamics extrusion of plastic surfaces, condensation procedure of metal symmetric plate in a refrigeration immersion, and extrusion of a polymeric surface from a dye.Proposed modelReiner-Philippoff fluids flowing related to a symmetric stretch surface with the inclusion of effects like Forchheimer velocity, thermal radiative, and Cattaneo Christov heat fluxing are considered in the momentum and temperature equation. Novel tetra hybrid nanoparticles are considered to check the thermo physical behaviour of the proposed model. MethodologyThe showed PDEs are transformed into ODEs with the utilization of symmetric and self-similarity variables and further attempted numerically with the assistance of the Galerkin finite element methodology (G-FEM). The obtained findings are scrutinized in the form of figures and tables.FindingsFrom obtained outcomes, it is perceived that the heat transfer Nusselt magnifies extra in the instance of tetra hybrid nanofluids (THNFs) in disparity to tri and di hybrid nanoparticles. Darcy Forcheeimer effect Fr diminishes the fluid velocity and the temperature outline amplifies owed to amplification in thermal radiative variable Rd. The insertion of nanoparticles supports in the stabilizating of a nanofluid's flowand provides the symmetric of thestructure. Error in heat transfer Nusselt number diminishes by the virtue of magnification in Rd and the heat deliverance phenomenon magnifies as a consequence of enlargement in the thermal relaxation constraint.Practical application of the proposed modelDue to its particle use in manufacturing and engineering for shells that expand and contract, like stretchable (shrinkable) packaging, bundle wrapping, hot roll, sheet material extrusion, wire roll, glass fiber manufacturing, metallic packags, and aluminum bottles manufacturing, parabolic tough surface collectors, cooling of thermal reactors, polymer production, etc., the examination of two-dimensional flowing over an extending shallow has attracted attention. The proposed model outcomes are utilized in order the enhance heat transfer of the various liquids by utilizing tetra hybrid nanoparticles and effects like nonlinear based thermal radiation, Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and heat source/sink phenomenon.NoveltyThe effort is novel in its sagacity that no nanofluid model has been developed yet to examine the effect of tetra hybrid nanoparticles on liquid moving over any sort of surface.

Properties of low-cost MgB2 superconducting wires fabricated by high reduction cold rolling

Magnesium Diboride (MgB2) is a high-potential material for medical and electrical applications with zero resistance and high efficiency. In this study, the raw materials of Mg powder with a purity of 98 % and low-cost B amorphous with a purity of 95 %, were mixed using a high-energy ball mill, and subsequently compacted and inserted into stainless steel (SS) tube by powder-in tube (PIT). The SS tube was previously cleaned by ultrasonication. The sintering process was carried out using a muffle furnace at a temperature of 800 °C for 1 h, followed by cold wire rolling with a 3-phase gradual reduction. This study aimed to investigate the reduction size of deformation wire on to mechanical properties, microstructure, and superconductivity behavior. The samples were characterized for their mechanical properties using Vickers microhardness and an ultimate tensile test machine. Surface morphologies of samples were observed using an SEM-EDAX and superconducting properties were measured with the cryogenic magnet R-T measurement. The result shows that the highest hardness value of 373.7 HV was achieved at a 60 % size reduction and the ultimate tensile strength of 1896 KN/mm. The results of the morphological observation showed homogeneous deformation without any cracks, with the grain shape being crystalline form. The superconductivity test showed zero resistance at a critical temperature of 39.86 K at a 3.1 mm diameter wire.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE METHOD FOR CALCULATING DEFORMATION PARAMETERS IN THE ROLL PASS DESIGN FOR THE WIRE MILL

Currently, analytical methods, including system analysis and computer simulating, are widely used in the development and construction of rational roll pass design. However, the known methods and solutions are not exhaustive, which solve the problem completely. The methodology for calculating the parameters of rolling deformation during the calibration of rolls for rolling wire rod in system of the gauges "round-oval-round" on graded modern continuous mills has been developed, taking into account the balance of the forces in the deformation zone and the longitudinal stability of the process. It provides coordination of geometric, kinematic and force parameters in the deformation zones of the rolling mill itself and the wire block.&#x0D; The calculation is carried out against the direction of rolling, in terms by the corresponding strip, taking into account temperature conditions and rolling in the field of minus tolerances the dimensions of the metal. Longitudinal rolling stability in every stand is determined based on the calculation the average resulting internal forces of plastically deformable metal. Numerically solving the boundary value problem for the Karman equation with known rolling parameters and changing the entering angle, the corresponding angle of the neutral section is found, the value of which is equal to the found kinematic one.&#x0D; The results of the test calculations are quite close to the real data of rolling the round bar and a wire rod with a diameter of 8 mm on a mill 400/200 of PJSC "KAMET-STEEL". At the same time, the broadening of the metal is determined analytically in accordance with the physical conditions of the balance forces and constancy of the seconds’ volumes of the metal in the zones of deformation. The shape of the ovals obtained by the provided method is more convex. The system influence of metal friction conditions in the rolls on the longitudinal stability of rolling and the stability of the process was established.

Multi-pass cold rolling and wire drawing process of gadolinium and its magnetocaloric effect

Owing to low ductility of magnetocaloric material (MCM)s, the plastic deformation process is quite challenging, and information available on the deformation process of MCMs is limited. In this study, the cold rolling and wire drawing processes of Gd wire including heat treatment were conducted. Uniaxial compression test of as-cast and heat treated Gd rod was conducted to evaluate the material property. The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of drawn Gd wire was indirectly measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Pass schedule of cold rolling and wire drawing process for the Gd wire of Ø1.0 was designed. Finite element (FE) simulation of drawing process was conducted to investigate the drawing force for each drawing pass and strain distribution. Friction coefficient between the drawing die and Gd wire was evaluated via FE simulation and drawing experiments using a lubricant. Magnetic properties of the deformed and annealed Gd wire were evaluated and compared. The evaluated magnetic properties have shown that the presented process schedule is reasonable for manufacturing magnetocaloric wire without diminishing the magnetocaloric effect.

High-Order Groove-Shape Curve Roll Design for Aluminum Alloy 7075 Wire Rolling

A Bézier curve groove-shape roll design method was proposed and compared to round-oval-round designs for the wire rolling process. CAE simulations were adopted to predict the rolling forces and torques required for the rolling process. The rolling torque required for the case of 28% vertical compression rate is 73% higher than the case of 12% compression rate. The curve fittings of the rolling torque and the compression force with respect to the compression rate were obtained with very high R-square values (0.99 and 0.98) in the first rolling pass. The rolling force required for the Bézier curve groove-shape design is no different compared to the oval design with the same compression rate, but the rolling torque requirement for the next rolling station is 6% less than the oval groove design. Furthermore, the equivalent strain distribution on the cross section of the product was uniform, and no fin flash defects occurred. The proposed Bézier curve groove-shape is a better design from the viewpoint of uniform product mechanical property requirement, and a larger compression rate per pass could be achieved.

Mathematical modelling, study and computer-aided design of flux-cored wire rolling in round gauges

Mathematical modelling, study and computer-aided design of flux-cored wire rolling in round gauges

Quality Prediction Model for Manufacturing Process of Free-Machining 303-series Stainless Steel Small Rolling Wire Rods

This study suggests a machine learning model for predicting the production quality of free-machining 303-series stainless steel small rolling wire rods according to the manufacturing process's operation condition. The operation condition involves 37 features such as sulfur, manganese, carbon content, rolling time, and rolling temperature. The study procedure includes data preprocessing (integration and refinement), exploratory data analysis, feature selection, machine learning modeling. In the preprocessing stage, missing values and outlier are removed, and variables for the interaction between processes and quality influencing factors identified in existing studies are added. Features are selected by variable importance index of lasso regression, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and random forest models. Finally, logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, and XGBoost is developed as a classifier to predict good or defective products with new operating condition. The hyper-parameters for each model are optimized using k-fold cross validation. As a result of the experiment, XGBoost showed relatively high predictive performance compared to other models with accuracy of 0.9929, specificity of 0.9372, F1-score of 0.9963 and logarithmic loss of 0.0209. In this study, the quality prediction model is expected to be able to efficiently perform quality management by predicting the production quality of small rolling wire rods in advance.

Fabrikasi Kawat Resistansi Nol Berbahan MgB2/Stainless Steel dengan Variasi Reduksi Ukuran melalui Pengerolan Dingin terhadap Karakteristik Mekanik dan Struktur Mikro

Magnesium Diboride (MgB2) is a high potential material for medical and electrical applications with zero resistance and high efficiency. The raw materials of Mg powder with a purity of 98% and B amorphous with a purity of 95%, were mixed with a ratio of 1:2, ground for 2 hours using an agate mortar, and subsequently compacted and inserted into stainelss steel (SS) tube by powder-in-tube (PIT). The SS tube was previously annealed at 900°C for 1 hour. The sintering process was carried out using a muffle furnace at a temperature of 800°C for 1 hour, followed by cold wire rolling with gradual reduction. The samples were characterized for their mechanical properties using Vickers microhardness tester and ultimate tensile test machine. Surface morphologies of samples were observed using optical microscope and SEM-EDAX Superconducting properties were measured with the cryogenic resistance measurement. The highest hardness value of 377,2 HV was achieved at a 60% size reduction along with the tensile strength of 1381 KN/mm. The results of the morphological observation showed homogeneous deformation without any cracks, with the the grain shape tended to be crystalline. The superconductivity test showed the phenomenon of zero resistance at a critical temperature of 39.55K at a 40% reduction in MgB2 wire

STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF FRICTION CONDITIONS ON THE INDICATORS OF THE ROLLING PROCESS IN A WIRE BLOCK

Physical modeling of the laws of friction during pressure treatment is a complex problem and is solved with many restrictions and assumptions. Computational experiments open up alternative possibilities for investigating the influence of friction conditions on the rolling process. A deeper analysis of the friction mechanism in the wire block is required, since there is a significant scatter in the data on the coefficient of friction during high-speed rolling of wire rod. The aim of this work is to study the influence of friction conditions in the deformation zone of each of the stands of the wire block on the change in specific tensions, on the longitudinal stability of the rolling process, on the change in the angle of the neutral section and on the broadening of the metal. The study of the influence of these factors is based on the joint solution of the differential equilibrium equation of the elementary volume, isolated in the deformation zone, the plasticity equation. In this work, the range of variation of the coefficient of friction was chosen such as to reveal the patterns of rolling in conditions close to the limiting. The work investigated the influence of the coefficient of friction on the parameters of rolling wire rod with a diameter of 5.5 mm in a wire block. The study was carried out with a change in the coefficient of friction from 0.22 to 0.18 during the rolling of one roll. The friction conditions in the deformation zones of the wire block, affect the tension of the roll, affect both the transverse flow of the metal, and the reduction. The study of the process of rolling wire rod in a wire block showed that a toughening of the friction mode in contact between the metal and the rolls increases the longitudinal stability of the rolled wire in the deformation zone. The minimum value of the friction coefficient at which the process remains stable without loss of equilibrium is close to 0.2. With a decrease in the coefficient of friction, the tension of the metal in the inter-stand spaces sharply increases, which can lead to partial or complete slipping of the strip. The friction conditions in the contact between the rolls and the rolled stock affect the coefficient of transverse deformation and reduction of the metal in the stands of the wire block, as well as the power parameters.

Process design and finite element analysis of multi-station two-roller cassette hot rolling for aluminum alloy 6061 wire

In this paper, a round-oval-round roller cassette wire rolling process of the aluminum alloy 6061 was studied for the process and the roller design evaluation. The elliptic groove of roller was designed for the stand of oval cross-sectional profiles. The billet diameter for this 10- stand rolling process simulation is 20mm. The diameters for the round cross-section profile stands are 16mm,12.8mm,10.2mm,8.2mm, and 6mm, respectively. The forming conditions for the CAE simulation is 400 °C for billet temperature, 0.45 for the constant shear friction factor, 20mm/s for the initial rolling speed. The CAE (Computer Aided Engineering, CAE) results had shown the maximum dimension deviation of the billet is less than 0.25 mm at the location of the roller gap and almost perfect match at the other locations. The maximum principal stress distribution on the cross section had shown a two third area was deformed under the rolling process. The CAE results had demonstrated the proposed process and die design was able to make the smaller wire with good geometrical accuracy without breaking the wire during the rolling process because of the more uniform stress distribution at the cross section of wire.

A Comparative Study of the Manufacturing of BPSCCO Superconducting Wire with TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Dopants

Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BPSCCO) superconductors are recognized as a projectable high-temperature superconductor for high-efficiency electrical applications. The addition of Ti enhances the formation of the Bi-2223 phase from the BPSCCO superconductor. The process of producing BPSCCO superconducting materials with TiO2 dopants is performed by the solid-state process and the production of wire rolling, consisting of bismuth (III) oxide powder (Bi2O3 = 99%), Strontium Carbonate powder (SrCO3 = 99%), Calcium Carbonate powder (CaCO3 = 99%), Copper Oxide powder (CuO2 = 99%), Lead Oxide powder (PbO2 = 98%) Bi: Pb: Sr: Ca: Cu ratio: 1.6: 0.4:2:2:3 doped by 1 %wt Titanium Oxide powder (TiO2 = 98.5%). The variables used in this study were the comparison of the sintering method at 860°C for 24 hours and 820 °C calcination for 20 hours, and 850°C sintering for 20 hours. The superconductor characterization was tested through the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Resistivity test. XRD test results showed the formation of Bi2Sr2CuO6 and Bi2Sr5Cu3O16 phase. SEM results showed an increase in grain size. The resistivity test results showed that all samples formed critical temperatures, 9.6 and 9.5K respectively.

Deformation Behavior of Longitudinal Surface Flaws in Flat Rolling of Steel Wire

The deformation behavior of a longitudinal V-shaped surface flaw was investigated during the flat wire rolling process using finite element analysis. The effects of process conditions, material properties, and initial position of the flaw on the deformation behavior of surface flaws were evaluated to understand the deformation behavior of flaws and to find solutions to decrease flaws. The surface flaw, that is, the ratio of the depth and width of the surface flaw (r), decreased with increasing reduction in height per pass, roll diameter, and friction coefficient. Unfortunately, the surface flaw and strain homogeneity of the wire simultaneously decreased under similar process conditions. The surface flaw slightly decreased with the strain hardening exponent (n) by increasing the width of the surface flaw. However, the effect of n value on the deformation of the surface flaw was not crucial. Higher strain at the flat surface induced an overlap-type surface flaw, whereas a small strain in the free surface induced an open-type surface flaw during the flat wire rolling process, which means that the surface flaw on the flat surface was much more detrimental than the surface flaw on the free surface. The deformation behavior of the surface flaw in flat-rolled wire was highly related to the strain inhomogeneity and lateral spreading of the wire. As the strain inhomogeneity of the flat-rolled wire increased, the lateral spreading of the wire increased, resulting in a decrease in the surface flaw, i.e., the r value.

Improving Mechanical Properties of Twin-Roll Cast AZ31 by Wire Rolling

Since 2018, the institute of metal forming has been studying the novel twin-roll casting (TRC) of magnesium wire at the pilot research plant set up specifically for this purpose. Light microscopic and scanning electronic investigations were carried out within this work and show the unique microstructure of twin-roll cast AZ31 magnesium alloy with grain sizes of about 10 μm ± 4 μm in centre and 39 μm ± 26 μm near the surface of the sample. By means of a short heat treatment (460 °C/15 min), segregations can be dissolved and grain size changes in centre to 19 μm ± 12 μm (increase) and near the surface to 12 μm ± 7 μm (decrease). Further, the mechanical properties of the twin-roll cast and heat-treated wire were analysed by tensile testing at room temperature. By heat treatment, the total elongation could be increased by a third whereas the strength decreases slightly. In heat-treated state, no preferred orientation is evident. In addition to the twin-roll cast and the heat-treated condition, the rolled state was analysed. For this purpose, the twin-roll cast wire was hot rolled using an oval-square calibration. After hot rolling, a dynamic recrystallization and grain refinement of the twin-roll cast wire could be achieved. It can be seen, that an increase in strength as well as in total elongation occur after wire rolling. Beside this, a rolling texture is evident.

Development in the Production of Hafnium Wire Conforming to ASTM B737 Standard

Despite the sufficient exploration of industrial methods for the manufacturing of products from metal hafnium, the public domain has a limited number of reports that highlight the technological aspects of hafnium wire manufacturing and their effect on the structure and mechanical properties of the products formed [1, 2]. This article describes the methods employed in the manufacturing of hafnium wire from the ingots of its own production, which have been tested by Chepetsk Mechanical Plant (CMP) under industrial conditions, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each tested method for producing the wire. The stages of hafnium wire drawing are described in detail. During the experiments, the relationships between the technological, energy–power parameters, surface quality, and material structure were studied. The effects of the type of drawing tool on the wire surface quality and drawing force were revealed, as well as the effects of the wire diameter on the amount of permissible deformation between the annealed products and the grain size of the metal. The paper reports the results of studies conducted on the structure, mechanical, and corrosion properties of the experimental samples of wires manufactured in compliance with the ASTM B737 standard specification for hot rolled and/or cold-drawn hafnium rods and wire. Currently, CMP can manufacture wires with a diameter of 1 mm or more from hafnium ingots of its own production, in compliance with the ASTM B737 standard.

DETERMINATION OF THE FRICTION COEFFICIENT IN THE PROCESS OF HIGH-SPEED ROLLING

The aim of this work is to determine the probable range of changes in the coefficient of friction for a stable process of high-speed rolling. The friction coefficients were determined using the modified Blend-Ford method, the empirical Ekelund dependence taking into account the influence of velocity on the Zander dependence, and the energy index of plastic friction proposed by Oginski was determined. The modification of the Bland-Ford method consisted in the refusal to provide one-zone sliding along the deformation zone, i.e., we used the data of the usual rolling process in the presence of an forward slip. Calculations were performed on the technological parameters of rolling wire rod with a diameter of 6.5 mm of medium carbon steel in the conditions of wire block 210. In particular, we used the average values of force and moment of rolling for the campaign of the set of rolls of the block. All calculated values of friction indicators on the modules of the block received less than 0.15. According to the Blend-Ford method, the values of the calculated coefficients of friction decrease almost monotonically in the direction of rolling in the range of 0.143 - 0.093. Eklund-Zander ratios ranged from 0.117 in the first pass to 0.099 in the tenth. The energy index plastic friction of Oginsky's was obtained in the range of 0.091 - 0.045. From the analysis of the obtained data it follows that the Blend-Ford method provides the closest to the real values of the coefficient of friction. The values calculated by this method correspond to the capture conditions for a steady rolling process. Other reviewed methods give the value of the coefficient of friction less than half the angle of capture. For the practical use of data obtained on the basis of actual technological parameters of rolling a specific profile size of wire rod according to the Blend-Ford method, the distribution of friction coefficient values by block modules was obtained by regression depending on speed and temperature. Thus, it is established that the coefficient of friction during high-speed rolling in wire blocks can take values less than 0.15. According to the obtained data, it is necessary to take into account the decrease in the coefficient of friction of the steady process from the first to the last module, due to the increase in speed and rolling temperature.

Effects of Austenitization Temperature and Pre-Deformation on CCT Diagrams of 23MnNiCrMo5-3 Steel.

The combined effect of deformation temperature and strain value on the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram of low-alloy steel with 0.23% C, 1.17% Mn, 0.79% Ni, 0.44% Cr, and 0.22% Mo was studied. The deformation temperature (identical to the austenitization temperature) was in the range suitable for the wire rolling mill. The applied compressive deformation corresponded to the true strain values in an unusually wide range. Based on the dilatometric tests and metallographic analyses, a total of five different CCT diagrams were constructed. Pre-deformation corresponding to the true strain of 0.35 or even 1.0 had no clear effect on the austenite decomposition kinetics at the austenitization temperature of 880 °C. During the long-lasting cooling, recrystallization and probably coarsening of the new austenitic grains occurred, which almost eliminated the influence of pre-deformation on the temperatures of the diffusion-controlled phase transformations. Decreasing the deformation temperature to 830 °C led to the significant acceleration of the austenite → ferrite and austenite → pearlite transformations due to the applied strain of 1.0 only in the region of the cooling rate between 3 and 35 °C·s−1. The kinetics of the bainitic or martensitic transformation remained practically unaffected by the pre-deformation. The acceleration of the diffusion-controlled phase transformations resulted from the formation of an austenitic microstructure with a mean grain size of about 4 µm. As the analysis of the stress–strain curves showed, the grain refinement was carried out by dynamic and metadynamic recrystallization. At low cooling rates, the effect of plastic deformation on the kinetics of phase transformations was indistinct.