Wind Action Research Articles

PERFORMANCE STUDY OF MAIN STRUCTURE AND OF GLASS CURTAIN WALL ON HIGH-RISE BUILDING UNDER THE COUPLING ACTION OF WIND AND EARTHQUAKE

In order to study the performance change and interactions between the main structure and glass curtain wall under the individual and coupled actions of wind and earthquake loadings, on the basis of a 98 m high frame-core wall structure in highly seismic region, a finite element analysis model was built by adding the glass curtain wall according to the specifications. Three groups of three-dimensional seismic records are selected according to the site conditions, and the wind pressure time-history of different return periods was obtained through a 1∶440 scale wind tunnel model test. Then the effects of individual and coupled actions of wind and earthquake on the behavior of the main structure and glass curtain wall was studied by the nonlinear dynamic analysis. The results show that the influence of the main structure on the glass curtain wall was greater than that of the glass curtain wall on the main structure. Whether under the individual or coupled actions of wind and earthquake, the inter-story deformation of the main structure was larger than the deformation of the glass curtain wall itself. Under the design and super-intensity earthquake loadings, the nonlinear response of the main structure and the failure range of the glass curtain wall increased with the load increase, and the growth of structural deformation was greater than the base shear's growth. Under the action of wind, the glass curtain wall was not damaged, the main structure was in an elastic stage, and the base shear, top displacement and the maximum story drift ratio increased linearly. Compared with the effect of rare earthquake alone, when the rare earthquake was coupled with 1.1 times wind pressure of a 100-year return period, the torsional effect appears in the structure, and the story drift ratio increased from 1.0 to 1.3. The nonlinear response of the main structure and the glass curtain wall is greater than the simple superposition of wind and earthquake alone. The top displacement and the maximum story drift were 121% and 106% of the sum of wind and earthquake alone. Under the rare earthquake, the coupling action of the rare earthquake and wind earthquake, the failure of glass curtain wall is more likely to happen on the side parallel to the main direction of earthquake.

Dynamic Response of an End-Supported Pontoon Bridge due to Wave Excitation: Numerical Predictions versus Measurements

Herein, numerical predictions of the dynamic response of an existing floating pontoon bridge are compared with the measured dynamic response. Hydrodynamic coefficients that describe the fluid-structure interaction and the wave transfer functions are obtained by applying linear potential theory. The results obtained from the hydrodynamic analysis are combined with a beam model of the bridge in a finite element method (FEM) framework to enable stochastic response prediction through the power spectral density method. The standard deviations of the predicted accelerations are compared with the standard deviations of the measured accelerations, and the overall quality of the prediction model is discussed. Predictions with sea states related to the serviceability limit state (SLS) and ultimate limit state (ULS) conditions used in design of the bridge are emphasized. To investigate the behaviour more in depth, a measurement segment is chosen and predictions of the displacement response power spectral density due to excitation characterized by the recorded sea surface elevation are compared with those obtained from the corresponding response measurements. A decent agreement is obtained for both cases when using the model as it is and with waves as the only excitation source, but significant discrepancies are present, in particular, for the torsional components. By including preliminary contributions from wind action and relying on a model optimized against measured modal parameters, a satisfactory agreement is obtained. The effect on the response of an uncertain structural damping is also quantified and concluded to be significant within realistic damping levels.

Experimental study on the characteristics of fire smoke longitudinal crossflow in adjacent tunnels

Tunnel fire smoke is an important fatal factor. For the adjacent tunnels, fire accidents in the upstream tunnels often produce a large amount of toxic smoke, which may have a certain impact on the downstream tunnels under the external wind. Based on the influence of external wind on fire smoke crossflow in adjacent tunnels, a series of experimental studies are carried out in this paper. Through experiments, it is found that the factors affecting the critical crossflow velocity between adjacent tunnels mainly includes the tunnel section itself, the separation distance between adjacent tunnels, and fire heat release rates. By changing different influencing variables, the critical crossflow velocity value under different test conditions is experimentally obtained. Combining experimental phenomena and theoretical analysis, it is also found that the Froude number (Fr), which represents the competition between external wind flow and thermal buoyancy, maintains a small range fluctuation of about 0.75 under the conditions of critical crossflow velocities. Under certain conditions, the critical crossflow velocity is proportional to the third power of fire heat release rate. Finally, a prediction correlation of the critical crossflow velocity of fire smoke in adjacent tunnels under the action of external wind was proposed.

Preliminary investigation on statistical properties of extreme waves under unsteady wind

Freak waves have the properties of strong nonlinearity and suddenness, which are often accompanied by extreme weather conditions. As an important environmental load, wind has a significant transient characteristic and plays an important role in the generation of freak waves. In order to understand the statistical properties of waves under the action of wind, especially the influence of wind on freak waves, laboratory experiments were carried out. In this paper, based on the Benjamin-Feir instability, long time series of wave field under unsteady wind are simulated by Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP) spectra with random phases in a two-dimensional wave tank. The freak waves generated in the experiment are similar in shape to those measured at sea, and are more than twice the significant wave height of the sea state. Through the statistical analysis of wave significant wave height, kurtosis and skewness, the influence of unsteady wind on the statistical properties of wave evolution is analyzed, and the response of wave energy spectrum is further investigated. The results of experiment show that the waves with larger Benjamin-Feir index are often broken under the unsteady wind, resulting in the loss of wave energy and the significant decrease of wave significant wave height. The skewness of waves depends on the steepness and decreases slightly during wave evolution. It is worth noting that the wave kurtosis increases under the unsteady wind. As an important parameter to measure Benjamin-Feir index, kurtosis will play an important role in the generation of freak waves. The increase of kurtosis will increase the probability of freak waves. Through the analysis of wave energy spectrum, it is found that there is energy dissipation in the process of wave evolution. The wave breaking under the unsteady wind leads to the decrease of the peak value of energy spectrum, and the energy obtained by the wave from the wind is mainly concentrated in the high frequency part of the wave.

Analysis of the Water Level Variation in the Polish Part of the Vistula Lagoon (Baltic Sea) and Estimation of Water Inflow and Outflow Transport through the Strait of Baltiysk in the Years 2008–2017

The Vistula Lagoon is located in both Poland and Russia along the southern coast of the Baltic Sea. It is connected to the Baltic Sea in the Russian part by the Strait of Baltiysk. The purpose of the paper is to identify the dominant factors underlying the water level variation mechanism at Tolkmicko in the Vistula Lagoon, revealed by a statistical analysis of the measured data and a discussion on the inflow and outflow transport variation through the strait, estimated by numerical modeling. Seawater transport is exceptionally valuable in terms of the hydrological water balance in the lagoon. Historical research on the hydrology of the lagoon shows that the water exchange in the lagoon is quite complex due to the presence of several different sources of water balance, such as seawater inflow, river inflow, groundwater inflow, precipitation, and evaporation. Unfortunately, there are no current data on seawater inflow and outflow through the Strait of Baltiysk due to the lack of continuous flow measurements in the strait. A novelty of the current work is an in-depth statistical analysis of the water level variation in the Polish part of the lagoon over a long time period and an estimation of water transport through the Strait of Baltiysk by use of a numerical model. The model reproduces well the water level variation responding to variations in the sea level outside the lagoon and the wind action over the lagoon. The years 2008–2017 were chosen as the analysis period. A two-dimensional free surface shallow water numerical model of the lagoon was adapted to simulate the water level variation in view of the wind over the lagoon and the sea level variation at one open boundary. Finally, it was concluded that the water level variation on the Polish side of the Vistula Lagoon is dominated by two factors: the water level in the Gulf of Gdańsk and the wind over the lagoon. The average annual marine water inflow into the Vistula Lagoon was estimated to be equal to 15.87 km3.

Wind tunnel modelling of a residential ensemble in a high rise building urban area

This paper refers to wind tunnel testing of a residential complex located in a crowded urban area in the vicinity of some tall buildings. Due to the agglomeration of certain urban areas, the erection of new tall buildings becomes increasingly challenging, both in terms of location finding and structural load assessment. For a tall building located in such an area, the complexity of the structural challenges is increased by the loads resulting from the wind action. Usually the wind velocity profile from which these loads result is influenced by the roughness height factor associated with the urban areas surrounding the building. In the vicinity of other tall buildings, the interinfluences between the buildings must also be ascertained. Following the request of the project developer, the Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest through the Aerodynamics and Wind Engineering Laboratory “Constantin Iamandi” performed wind tunnel static tests of the residential complex using two different roughness heights above the floor of the wind tunnel (corresponding to different terrain categories with respect to wind orientation) and adding models of the existing adjacent tall buildings for some of the wind directions. The paper presents test methodologies used, the wind tunnel set-up, the residential complex static model and obtained results.

Ice Load Characteristics on Floating Photovoltaic Platform

Nowadays, based upon human needs and preferring perpetual types of energy, photovoltaic system (PV) is a suitable alternative and more frequently used in northern countries, which are recently more attracted by solar power. The new floating type of the structure is installed in the water bodies instead of land. One of the main elements in floating photovoltaic structures is the forces imposed on the panels. In the northern regions, the dominant load is considered to be ice interaction with the structure. This study aims at identifying the loads imposed on a floating PV structure located in the Łapino Reservoir on the Radunia River, which are produced by the wind action on the ice cover. The wind velocity varying between 10 and 26 m/s is implemented, and also the reduction of the pool level was studied. Wind direction plays an important role in the inclination and expansion of ice accumulation. Moreover, the magnitude of wind velocity is a determinative factor in the maximum thickness emerged in various spot of the area. Changes in pool level reduction is not able to cause noticeable changes in ice cover expansion and maximum ice thickness. Additionally, the shoving mechanism is able to originate abrupt changes in ice thickness by means of rising wind velocity.

Laboratory experiments on time-space conversion of wind waves in deep water

In comparison to the fetch-limited wave regime, the available data for duration-limited growth condition is very limited. Mutual conversion of these wave regimes is of interest and significance in all of the parametric growth functions proposed so far. Therefore, field-based heuristic relationships have been proposed to convert fetch-limited evolution data into duration-limited domain. However, considering the difficulty of collecting field-based duration-limited wave data, the reliability of the proposed equations is quite questionable. The main aim of this study is to provide experimental measurements describing the fetch-duration conversion of the dominant spectral characteristics of the water waves under steady wind action. The measurements of the present experimentations are supported by the analysis of the energy balance equations governing the wind energy expenditure during each wave scenario. The results manifested the co-existence of two different fetch-duration transition domains for each individual wave height and wave period. Analytical solution of the time-space connecting integral resulted in a conversion equation that was in good agreement with that obtained from the experimental data based on equivalent peak period. It is also demonstrated that although the experiments introduced here were carried out at the initial stages of the wave growth, the obtained results were in good agreement with those reported in more developed growth conditions.

Local dispersion characteristics of dust in large open-air piles under the action of one-way wind.

A large amount of dust particles produced by the wind in an open-air pile is one of the important reasons for air pollution. Studying the law of dust diffusion in local areas is of great significance for the atmospheric particulate control. In this study, a pile of sodium carbonate in a large open-air pile in Weifang, China, is regarded as the research object. The dispersion characteristics of dust particles around the pile under the action of unidirectional wind are studied through wind tunnel test and numerical simulation. The complex atmospheric environment is simplified as unidirectional wind, and the influence of different wind speeds on the dispersion of particles with diverse sizes in the pile is studied. Although a large gap exists between the assumption and the real atmospheric environment, this study provides a reference for the evaluation of the pollution scope of blowing dust and prevention and control of pollution. Results show that a high-concentration range of the dust exists near the pile behind the wind direction and may continue to spread to the height due to the influence of a whirlpool, and the dispersion distance and width can increase with the increase in wind speed. The increase in particle diameter increases the kinetic energy loss of particles for the fluid. Under the same starting speed, the dispersion distance of dust decreases with the increase in particle diameter. With the increase in particle diameter, the dust concentration distribution presents the trend of interior hollowing and high-concentration area fragmenting.

Direct validation of dune instability theory

Modern dune fields are valuable sources of information for the large-scale analysis of terrestrial and planetary environments and atmospheres, but their study relies on understanding the small-scale dynamics that constantly generate new dunes and reshape older ones. Here, we designed a landscape-scale experiment at the edge of the Gobi desert, China, to quantify the development of incipient dunes under the natural action of winds. High-resolution topographic data documenting 42 mo of bedform dynamics are examined to provide a spectral analysis of dune pattern formation. We identified two successive phases in the process of dune growth, from the initial flat sand bed to a meter-high periodic pattern. We focus on the initial phase, when the linear regime of dune instability applies, and measure the growth rate of dunes of different wavelengths. We identify the existence of a maximum growth rate, which readily explains the mechanism by which dunes select their size, leading to the prevalence of a 15-m wavelength pattern. We quantitatively compare our experimental results with the prediction of the dune instability theory using transport and flow parameters independently measured in the field. The remarkable agreement between theory and observations demonstrates that the linear regime of dune growth is permanently expressed on low-amplitude bed topography, before larger regular patterns and slip faces eventually emerge. Our experiment underpins existing theoretical models for the early development of eolian dunes, which can now be used to provide reliable insights into atmospheric and surface processes on Earth and other planetary bodies.

Wind load on façade scaffolding without protective cover – Eurocode and in-situ measurement approaches

This paper presents an analysis of scaffolding response to static wind action, based on different approaches. The static wind load was adopted according to Eurocode standard that required separate calculations for the load acting perpendicular (load case B) and parallel (load case C) to the façade of the building on which the scaffolding was attached. In the second approach, the wind load was calculated on the basis of in-situ measurements performed on scaffolding structures set on construction sites (load case A). The research was carried out on 61 façade scaffolding structures without protective covers. Models of every scaffolding were created in the Finite Element system, based on their real geometry taken from geodetic measurements. Static-strength analysis allowed comparison of the scaffolding response determined by node displacements, normal stress and axial force in structural elements. It was found that in most of the analyzed cases the wind load based on Eurocode approach resulted in the greatest axial force or normal stress in elements. In a few cases, the load based on in-situ tests caused greater response of the structures and the permissible stress and axial force value in the elements were exceeded. These scaffolding structures were usually detached from the wall and twisted out of plane. Analyses pointed out that the scaffolding during its operational use could experience a load other than perpendicular or parallel to its façade as it is given in Eurocode.

Experimental characterization of reflective coating material for cool roofs in hot, humid and dusty climate

Considerable energy is used for cooling buildings in hot climates like those found in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Designing building envelopes for the purpose of saving energy can necessarily help reduce the building's operating expenses and therefore energy demand over time. For roofing systems, a research project was recently conducted to assess experimentally and numerically the performance of the roofing systems. This paper presents the experimental results of this project. Cool/reflective/white roofs use reflective materials or coatings to reflect a portion of the incident solar radiation. This results in lowering the surface temperature of the cool roofs compared to black roofing systems. As such, cool roofs help reduce the cooling loads during the summer season. This paper presents the test results of characterizing the short-wave solar reflectivity of a reflective roofing material that can be used in cool roofs of Saudi buildings. A Reflective Coating Material (RCM) that is commercially available in the GCC markets was used in this study. Also, the reduction in the solar reflectivity due to dust and dirt accumulations on the surface of the RCM was investigated in this study when this coating was exposed to a dusty and polluted climate of Jubail Industrial City (JIC). As well, the effect of applying different cleaning operations on the solar reflectivity of the RCM was investigated. The test results showed that dust/dirt can significantly contribute in reducing the short-wave solar reflectivity of the RCM. For the RCM subjected to the natural weathering conditions at different exposures times, the results showed that a maximum enhancement of 5% in the short-wave solar reflectivity was achieved, as a result of conducting air plowing process that simulates the wind action. Additionally, a maximum enhancement of 45% in the short-wave solar reflectivity was achieved as results of conducting water cleaning/rinsing process that simulates the rain action and as well conducting washing with dishwashing detergent that simulates homemade cleaning. Furthermore, conducting professional cleaning has resulted in insignificant enhancement in the short-wave solar reflectivity compared to conducting homemade cleaning. Finally, this paper provides a test procedure for characterizing the dust concentration/intensity on the surface of the RCM at different exposure times to the natural and polluted climate. This test procedure can easily be applied on different types of reflective roofing materials and membranes that can be used in cool roofs.

Autonomous Lidar-Based Monitoring of Coastal Lagoon Entrances

Intermittently closed and open lakes or Lagoons (ICOLLs) are characterised by entrance barriers that form or break down due to the action of wind, waves and currents until the ocean-lagoon exchange becomes discontinuous. Entrance closure raises a variety of management issues that are regulated by monitoring. In this paper, those issues are investigated, and an automated sensor solution is proposed. Based upon a static Lidar paired with an edge computing device. This solar-powered remote sensing device provides an efficient way to automatically survey the lagoon entrance and estimate the berm profile. Additionally, it estimates the dry notch location and its height, critical factors in the management of the lagoon entrances. Generated data provide valuable insights into landscape evolution and berm behaviour during natural and mechanical breach events.

DIFFUSE TERMITINAE NESTS SHED LIGHT ON THE AFFINITIES OF LAETOLICHNUS KWEKAI (KRAUSICHNIDAE)

ABSTRACT The insect trace fossil Laetolichnus kwekai, which is composed of a small chamber extending to slender cylinders at each end, was tentatively included in the ichnofamily Krausichnidae as termite nests. New evidence presented here provides information to validate these inferences. A more complex structure formed by interconnected Laetolichnus was recently found in the same Pliocene deposits (Laetoli, Tanzania) as the isolated specimens reported previously. Our study confirms inclusion of Laetolichnus in Krausichnidae and supports the inference that it represents a nest of a social insect. Neoichnological field studies in the coastal dunes of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, were undertaken to refine further the nature of these affinities. Survey of the dune surface revealed abundant loose fragments of termite nests of a size and shape comparable to that of L. kwekai. The fragile nests constructed by Onkotermes brevicorniger, which are described here in detail for the first time, enable us to interpret the fossil structures. They consist of connected chambers similar to the interconnected Laetolichnus. These were frequently exposed and broken by wind action resulting in loose fragments similar to the isolated Laetolichnus. The Celliforma ichnofacies represented at Laetoli, which contains L. kwekai, indicates arid or semiarid shrublands and woodlands. The distribution of O. brevicorniger also corresponds to arid and semiarid shrublands and dry woodlands of Argentina. Although the African termite producer of L. kwekai and the South American Onkotermes would be phylogenetically unrelated, the analogous structures probably reflect convergent nesting behaviors as an adaptation to similar arid to semiarid environmental conditions.

Vibration behavior of an overhead conductor under updraft winds

At present, the wind-induced response analysis of an overhead conductor is mainly based on the action of horizontal normal wind. However, for crossing hillsides or extremely strong winds, such a conductor will bear the action of updraft wind, which will change the geometry of the conductor and make its structural dynamic characteristics nonlinear to some extent. In this work, the in-plane and out-of-plane two-dimensional nonlinear equations were established under the action of self-weight and updraft wind. Furthermore, the improved equations of conductor tension and sag were obtained, and the wind-induced vibration response was further investigated. The results showed that the updraft wind caused the nonlinearity of the tension and sag of the overhead conductor, and the nonlinear geometric change significantly affected its resonance response, which exceeded 25% if the wind speed was 50 m/s. In addition, because the proportion of the resonance response in the total wind-induced response was different, the influence of the wind attack angle calculated using the gust response factor method on the gust response factor was slightly larger than that calculated using the the American society of civil engineers method.

Temporal and spatial distribution of dissolved amino acids in the surface microlayer and subsurface water of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea

Concentrations of total hydrolyzed amino acids (THAA) and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) in the Bohai Sea (BS) and Yellow Sea (YS) were determined from August to September 2015 (summer) and from January to February 2016 (winter). The average concentrations of THAA in the surface microlayer and subsurface water in the study area were 2.92 (1.14 to 7.31) and 1.64 (0.49 to 3.32) μmol/L in summer, respectively, and 1.01 (0.69 to 1.70) μmol/L in the subsurface water during winter. The spatial distributions of THAA were obviously influenced by phytoplankton biomass and terrestrial input, while vertical distributions of THAA were mainly affected by circulation and phytoplankton. The main constituents of THAA were aspartic acid (Asp), glycine (Gly), serine (Ser), glutamic acid (Glu) and alanine (Ala) during summer and winter. THAA and Chl-a were more abundant in the surface microlayer than in the subsurface water, with average enrichment factors (EFs) of 2.01 and 2.06, respectively. Enrichment of THAA and Chl-a in the surface microlayer is the result of a combination effect, such as the influence of phytoplankton, wind action and mixing processes. This research may have implications for the distribution, enrichment and source of THAA in the BS and YS.

Effects of water content on shear properties of bentonite–polymer composite structure

Understanding mechanical behavior at the soil–structure interface is fundamental for safety in engineering and is therefore an important consideration in structural design. Buildings can be deformed or severely damaged by shear forces from the action of earthquakes, waves, or winds. It is therefore necessary to understand the conditions which lead to structural failure at the soil–structure interface under shear action. We investigated the strain and displacement of bentonite–polymer specimens at various moisture contents. Shear failure was investigated using novel shear test equipment consisting of a two-dimensional soil fracture test device and computerized digital image correlation (DIC) technology. Analysis of the shear test results revealed the mechanical properties of bentonite–polymer composite structure under shear stress. Experiments showed that there were four stages in the failure of the bentonite–polymer samples: an increasing stress stage, a pre-damage stage, an abrupt damage stage, and a stable stage. At the instant the shear stress reaches peak value, the strain in the bentonite was greater than that in the polymer at the same position. In the failure stage, the bentonite at the middle and upper levels of the bentonite–polymer interface cracked first. Increased moisture content in the bentonite weakens the shear performance at the bentonite–polymer interface, and brittle failure was most significant when the moisture content was optimal. • A novel type of shear observation equipment was used in this work. • The four stages of shear failure of bentonite-polymer specimens were observed. • The influence of water content on the shear failure mode of bentonite-polymer composite specimens has been deeply studied. • It is found for the first time that the bentonite-polymer specimens exhibit brittle failure under the optimal water content.

Development of Lateral Capacity-Based Envelopes of Piled Raft Foundation under CombinedV-M-HLoading

Combined piled raft foundation (CPRF) is an effective solution for supporting high-rise constructions. The traditional design philosophy of CPRF does not consider the capacity of foundation based on combined vertical (V), horizontal (H), and moment (M) load. However, V-M-H load acts on the CPRF system concurrently due to the action of wind, wave, earth pressure, and earthquake loading in addition to gravity loading. In this context, the present investigation deals with the effect of combined V-M-H load interaction on the behavior of CPRF in sand and clay, respectively. The response of CPRF under combined loading is obtained using a 3D finite element analysis. First, validation of the numerical model is performed considering the model test results conducted in Agartala sand and another based on the available field test result of Messeturm Tower in Frankfurt clay obtained from the literature. Further, failure and design envelopes for the validated CPRF system are developed considering V-M-H load in both sand and clay deposits attributing a variety of influential system parameters. Simplified expressions for design lateral and moment capacities are proposed based on multiple linear regression analysis. Finally, the implication in design based on the findings of the present study is illustrated using a prototype case study structure.

Investigation on Combined Wind Load Factors of Lattice Transmission Tower Body under the Action of Skewed Wind

In the current standards, wind loads on lattice transmission tower (LTT) bodies only account for the action of horizontal winds, which may not be suitable for an LTT under the action of extreme winds. The wind load coefficients of LTT bodies subjected the skewed wind with both horizontal and vertical components were measured via several well-designed wind tunnel tests. The test results and standard calculations of the skewed wind load factors (SWLF) at a wind attack angle of 0° were compared and analyzed. A new parameter—combined wind load factor (CWLF) was introduced, and a suggested formula is proposed for it. The results showed that the standard-recommended formula was unable to accurately reflect the characteristics of SWLF, and its calculated results were significantly smaller than the test results, indicating that the actual wind loads were underestimated. The CWLF could correctly describe how wind load factors changed with the yaw angles or the attack angles. The CWLF effectively improved the calculation accuracy of the SWLF, and the absolute error between the calculations and test results under the critical yaw and attack angles was less than 7%.

Accurate Correlation Modeling between Wind Speed and Bridge Girder Displacement Based on a Multi-Rate Fusion Method.

Wind action is one of the environmental actions that has significant static and dynamic effects on long-span bridges. The lateral wind speed is the main factor affecting the lateral displacement of the main girder of the bridge. The main objective of the paper is to use the improved multi-rate fusion method to correct the monitoring data so that accurate correlation modeling of wind speed-displacement can be achieved. Two Kalman gain coefficients are introduced to improve the traditional multi-rate fusion method. The fusion method is verified by the results of simulated data analysis in time domain and frequency domain. Then, the improved multi-rate fusion method is used to fuse the monitoring lateral displacement and acceleration data of a bridge under strong wind action. The corrected lateral wind speed and displacement data is further applied to establish the correlation model through the linear regression. The improved multi-rate fusion method can overcome the inaccuracy of the high frequency stage of a Global Positioning System (GPS) sensor and the low frequency stage of acceleration sensor. The correlation coefficient of wind speed-displacement after fusion increases and the confidence interval width of regression model decreases, which indicates that the accuracy of the correlation model between wind speed and displacement is improved.