Wide Temperature Range Research Articles

Surface analysis, oxidation resistance, and embossing of Ge-based solution-processed thin films as materials for high refractive index optical elements

The solution-processing of chalcogenides offers a cheap route for potential mass production of high refractive index optical elements. Especially germanium-based glasses are perspective materials, but crucial information about their stability and patterning possibility was still missing. In this study, the Ge25S75, Ge20Sb5S75, Ge25Se75, and Ge20Sb5Se75 amorphous thin films were deposited in specular optical quality. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis revealed a significantly chalcogen-depleted surface with metal over-stoichiometry, while the overall composition was still close to the targeted one. The oxidation resistance of studied samples was compared by their exposure to atmospheric conditions. The XPS proved that their resistance is strongly compositional dependent and rises as follows: Ge25S75 < Ge20Sb5S75 < Ge25Se75 < Ge20Sb5Se75. The analysis also showed the presence of amorphous thin layer of germanium oxides. The thin films were also utilized for the fabrication of diffraction gratings using a soft stamp hot embossing method. Samples were structured in a wide range of temperatures (with respect to Tg) and analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and EDX. Results demonstrated that selenides are more suitable for hot embossing as they provide gratings with higher depth and more stable composition, while sulfides exhibited significant chalcogen loss.

"Anions-in-Colloid" Hydrated Deep Eutectic Electrolyte for High Reversible Zinc Metal Anodes.

Zn metal suffers from severe zinc dendrites, anion-related side reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and narrow electrochemical stable window (ESW). Herein, an"anions-in-colloid" hydrated deep eutectic electrolyte (ACDE-3) is designed to improve the stability of zinc anode. The ACDE-3 reconfigures the hydrogen-bond (HB) network and regulates the solvation shell. More importantly, the hydroxyl-rich β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs) in ACDE-3 self-assemble into micelles, in which the steric effect betweenthe adjacentβ-CDsrestricts the movement of anions. This unique "anions-in-colloid" structure enables the eutectic system with a high Zn2+ transference number (tZn2+) of 0.84. Thus, ACDE-3 inhibits the formation of dendrite, prevents the anion-involved side reactions, suppresses the HER, and enlarges the ESW to 2.32 V. The Zn//Zn symmetric cell delivers a long lifespan of 900 hours at 0.5 mAh cm-2, and the Zn//Cu half cells have a high average columbic efficiency (ACE) of 97.9% at 0.5 mAh cm-2with a uniform and compact zinc deposition. When matched with a poly(1,5-naphthalenediamine) cathode, the full battery with a low negative/positive capacityratio of 2 can still cycle steadily for 200 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A g-1. Additionally, this electrolyte can operative over a wide temperature range from -40 °C to 40 °C.

Influence of CePO4 on high temperature anti-friction and anti-wear behaviors of nickel-based h-BN composite coatings

Solid lubricating coatings which offer and maintain anti-friction and anti-wear are urging to develop in the advanced technology applications over a wide range of temperatures. The h-BN composite coatings on the Inconel X750 superalloy is prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology to obtain low friction and wear over a broad temperature ranging from room temperature (RT) to 800 °C using a high temperature rotary tribometer. The influence of the contents of h-BN and CePO4 powders of the tribological properties of the composite coatings was studied systemically under different temperatures. The experimental results show that the composite coatings with 20 wt% h-BN show excellent high temperature anti-friction behaviors. Coefficient of friction (CoF) of the composite coatings with 20 wt% h-BN with CePO4 powder is lowest about 0.12 among the composite coatings at 800 °C. The CePO4 powders are helpful to improve the sintering behaviors and reduce the wear rate of the composite coatings at elevated temperature. The synergistic lubrication mechanism of h-BN and CePO4 of the composite coatings are investigated systematically. The high temperature anti-friction and anti-wear mechanism of the composite coatings is due to the formation of a layered gradient lubrication film on the worn surface.

High-temperature corrosion testing of titanium beryllides in the presence of water vapor and oxygen

Beryllium-based intermetallics are promising materials for the blankets of future fusion reactors and have potential applications in other areas of the nuclear industry, such as fission reactor reflectors and space technology. Understanding the high-temperature corrosion behavior of these materials in a noble gas medium containing chemically active impurities is essential for evaluating their suitability and guiding their application.This study investigates the high-temperature corrosion of titanium beryllide Be12Ti in the form of plate and grinded samples, produced by JSC “Ulba Metallurgical Plant” (Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan). The corrosion tests were conducted under non-isothermal vapor-gas mixture (Ar + D2O or Ar + H2O flowing atmospheres) purging conditions using thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mass-spectrometry of the gas phase.As a result of the corrosion tests, new experimental data on thermal effects have been obtained, describing the corrosion processes of Be12Ti samples across a wide range of temperatures and various heating rates in the presence of water vapor in the purge gas. The dependencies of sample mass change under heating conditions have been determined, and the characterization results of the samples before and after high-temperature corrosion tests are presented.Corrosion of titanium beryllides, both for Be12Ti plate and grinded samples, follows similar mechanisms. At around 500 °C, the mass of the samples begins to increase, and hydrogen isotopes are released. The test results indicate that corrosion of titanium beryllides with varying surface inhomogeneities proceeds similarly within the temperature range of 500–900 °C, showing a linear dependence on temperature.The results revealed significant insights into the oxidation mechanisms and the formation of corrosion products, which are crucial for optimizing the material's performance in fusion reactor environments.

Heterologous expression, characterization, and application of recombinant thermostable α-amylase from Geobacillus sp. DS3 for porous starch production

Novel Geobacillus sp. DS3, isolated from the Sikidang Crater in Dieng, exhibits promising characteristics for industrial applications, particularly in thermostable α-amylase production. Recombinant technology was used to express thermostable α-amylase in E. coli BL21(DE3) to overcome high-temperature production challenges. The study aimed to express, purify, characterize, and explore potential applications of this novel enzyme. The enzyme was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) at 18 °C for 20 h with 0.5 mM IPTG induction. Purification with Ni-NTA column yielded 69.23 % from the initial crude enzyme, with a 3.6-fold increase in specific activity. The enzyme has a molecular weight of ±70 kDa (±58 kDa enzyme+11 kDa SUMO protein). It exhibited activity over a wide temperature range (30–90 °C) and pH range (6–8), with optimal activity at 70 °C and pH 6 with great stability at 60 °C. Kinetic analysis revealed Km and Vmax values of 324.03 mg/ml and 36.5 U/mg, respectively, with dextrin as the preferred substrate without cofactor addition. As a metalloenzyme, it showed the best activity in the presence of Ca2+. The enzyme was used for porous starch production and successfully immobilized with chitosan, exhibiting improved thermal stability. After the fourth reuse, the immobilized enzyme maintained 62 % activity compared to the initial immobilization.

Biodegradation of bisphenol-A in water using a novel strain of Xenophilus sp. embedded onto biochar: Elucidating the influencing factors and degradation pathway

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is an emerging hazardous contaminant, which is ubiquitous in the environment and can cause endocrine disruptor and cancer risks. Therefore, biodegradation of BPA is an essential issue to mitigate the associated human health. In this work, a bacterial strain enables of degrading BPA, named BPA-LRH8 (identified as Xenophilus sp.), was newly isolated from activated sludge and embedded onto walnut shell biochar (WSBC) to form a bio-composite (BCM) for biodegradation of BPA in water. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of BPA by WSBC was 21.7 mg g−1. The free bacteria of BPA-LRH8 showed high BPA degradation rate (∼100 %) at pH 5–11, while it was lower (＜20 %) at pH 3. The BCM eliminated all BPA (∼100 %) at pH 3–11 and 25–45 °C when the BPA level was ≤ 25 mg L−1. The spectrometry investigations suggested two possible degradation routes of BPA by Xenophilus sp. In one route, BPA (C15H16O3) was oxidized to C15H16O3, and then broken into C9H12O3 through chain scission. In another route, BPA was likely hydroxylated, oxidized, and cleaved into C9H10O4P4, which was further metabolized into CO2 and H2O in the TCA cycle. This study concluded that the novel isolated bacteria (BPA-LRH8) embedded onto WSBC is a promising and new method for the effective removal of BPA and similar hazardous substances from contaminated water under high concentrations and wide range of pH and temperature.

Molecular dynamics research on piperazine‐ and renewable cross‐linker‐based polyurethanes. Dielectric study of relaxation behavior

AbstractBy using broadband dielectric spectroscopy over a wide frequency and temperature range, the effect of the chain extender and cross‐linkers on molecular dynamics of polyurethanes based on piperazine as a heterocyclic compound was assessed. Three relaxations attributed to local motions of polar side groups and small segments of the polyurethane chain (β, γ‐mode) and glass transition (α‐mode) were detected with the increase in temperature from −120 to 100 °C, along with the conductivity process at high temperatures and low frequencies. Experimental data were examined using the impedance and electric modulus for the conductivity study. Due to the presence of dipole polarization of functional groups in the hard segments, cross‐linked polyurethanes are characterized by higher dielectric constant value (≈11 at 1 kHz and 25 °C) compared to the linear ones (≈6–7 at 1 kHz and 25 °C). High conductivity was achieved for the Tween 20‐cross‐linked polyurethanes. The activation energy for the secondary γ relaxation was in the range of 34–37 kJ mol−1 for all polyurethanes, regardless of the chain extender or cross‐linker used. Piperazine‐based polyurethanes had lower activation energies for α relaxation and high conductivity compared to cyclohexane‐based polyurethanes. This indicates that α relaxation is more vulnerable to structural alterations.

Formation of orthopyroxene-magnetite symplectites by reactive melt flow: Insights into the Shangzhuang layered intrusion in Beijing, China

Interstitial microstructures in layered intrusions can provide crucial insights into the formation, transport, evolution, and solidification processes of magma. The symplectites commonly observed in the Shangzhuang layered intrusions in Beijing, China, can be classified into three types based on their occurrence and related primocryst minerals. Regardless of variation in types, the vermicular symplectites consistently exhibit a volume ratio of magnetite to orthopyroxene at approximately 1:4. Orthopyroxene in the symplectites shows no geochemical difference from those primocrysts. Inter-cumulus hornblende formed during the late stage after the formation of symplectites so that the symplectites are always enclosed by hornblende. By utilizing the hornblende geothermobarometer, we have also constrained that the symplectites have been formed within a relatively wide temperature range of 1040–915 °C through a reaction between the interstitial immiscible Fe-rich melt and the primocryst olivine and orthopyroxene. The reaction can be simplified as Ol/Opx (primocryst) + Fe-rich melt → Opx (symplectite) + Mt (symplectite). Besides, based on the mass balance and reaction results, the Si/O ratio of Fe-rich melt is estimated to be 1:3. The study of these symplectites contributes to refining the processes of reactive melt flow in mafic layered intrusions during late-stage magmatic crystallization.

Unusual negative thermal expansion of inter-cluster –C–BC–C– bond in carbon rich boron carbide observed using in situ x-ray diffraction technique

Temperature dependent bonding behavior plays a significant role in deciding properties of high temperature ceramics like boron carbide. However, few studies to date have addressed the physical properties of this class of materials with respect to their temperature dependent bonding nature. In addition, materials with the flexibility to accommodate variations in interatomic bonding and lattice vibrations over a wide range of temperatures are less known. In this work, temperature dependent structural analyses of carbon-rich boron carbide microflakes using in situ powder x-ray diffraction techniques (up to 1000 °C) supported by transmission electron microscopy measurements reveal that while most bonds in the rhombohedral structure increase in length with temperature; there is no change in certain bond lengths. However, there is an unusual decrease in length (∼1.03%) of the inter-cluster –C–(central boron)BC–C– without any polyhedral redistribution. This is accompanied by an increase in lattice vibrations without significant alteration to the crystal structure over the wide temperature range studied. Temperature dependent micro-Raman experiments further confirmed the above observations. The above bonding behavior could be directly correlated to the trends in reported results of high temperature conductivity via the model of hole hopping through specific atomic positions of the rhombohedral framework, thus opening the scope to investigate structure–property relationships in high temperature functional materials.

Catalytic Performance of CuZnAl Hydrotalcite-Derived Materials in the Continuous-Flow Chemoselective Hydrogenation of 2-Methyl-2-pentanal toward Fine Chemicals and Pharmaceutical Intermediates.

Hydrotalcite-derived materials are eco-friendly, cheap, and efficient catalysts of different reactions. However, their application in liquid-phase hydrogenation could be more extensive. Hence, this work concerns the application of three hydrotalcite-derived materials with different CuZnAl molar ratios in the liquid-phase continuous-flow hydrogenation of 2-methyl-2-pentenal (MPEA) at a wide range of temperature (298-378 K) and pressure (1 × 106-6 × 106 Pa). The catalytic investigations were supported by catalysts characterization by ICP-OES, TPR, in situ XRD, XPS, NH3-TPD, CO2-TPD, and TEM measurements on different stages of their biography. It was shown that the catalytic activity of these samples is related to the Cu0/Cu+ ratio. Depending on the reaction conditions, selectivity control is possible. All catalysts were 100% selective to 2-methylpentanal (MPAA)-sedative drug precursor, with low conversion, at temperatures ≤ 338 K at every pressure. However, the selectivity of the second desired product, fragrance intermediate, 2-methyl-2-penten-1-ol (MPEO), increased significantly at higher temperatures and pressures. It reached the unique value of 54% with 60% substrate conversion at 378 K and 6 × 106 Pa for the catalyst with the highest Cu loading. It was revealed that the production of significant amounts of MPEO is related to the reaction conditions, the Cu+ predominance on the surface, the hydrogen spillover effect, and the acid-base properties of these systems.

Implementation of Spore Display in Paenibacillus polymyxa with Different Hydrolytic Enzymes.

Biotechnological processes are essential for producing climate-friendly high-value chemicals or pharmaceutical compounds, which can include steps catalyzed by enzymes. Therefore, establishing new, robust, and cheap enzyme production processes is desirable. One possible way to enhance processes is through the use of the spore display method. Spore display can present heterologous proteins on the surface of bacterial spores, offering numerous advantages in a range of biotechnological applications. This study demonstrates the implementation of the spore display method in Paenibacillus polymyxa, achieved by modifying the spore surface, incorporating an anchoring protein, and attaching green fluorescent protein to it, allowing the visualization of fluorescent spores. Following the initial experiment, a native lipase (Lip3), a heterologous lipase (LipA) from Bacillus subtilis, a native esterase (PnbA) from P. polymyxa, and a lipoyl synthase were expressed during sporulation and displayed on the spore surface. The activity profiles were determined in the temperature range from 4 °C to 70 °C. The PnbA reached its optimum at 4 °C, whereas the LipA from B. subtilis showed 4.4-fold higher activity at 42 °C compared to the control. Furthermore, we explored a possible new technique for the purification of enzymes with the TEV cleavage site between the anchor and the protein of interest. Finally, we showed a not-yet-described side activity of the lipoyl synthase over a wide temperature range.

12‐Ah‐Level Li‐Ion Pouch Cells Enabling Fast Charging at Temperatures between −20 and 50 °C

AbstractAchieving fast‐charging capabilities in Li‐ion batteries (LIBs)—charging 80% of the battery capacity within 15 minutes—while maintaining an acceptable cycle life remains challenging due to various polarizations occurring at elevated charge rates. Such a goal is more tough at subzero, as temperature reduction slows the kinetics process including electrolyte mass transport and electrode charge transfer, substantially increasing the risk of lithium plating. Herein, it is found that adding LiFSI to a LiPF6 carbonate‐based electrolyte alters the Li+ solvation structure, endowing the dual‐salt electrolyte with a higher Li+ diffusion coefficient and lower desolvation energy. Benefit from the smaller structural change and the formation of a robust, conductive solid electrolyte interphase, the 12Ah‐pouch cells based on LiNi0.52Co0.2Mn0.28O2 cathodes and graphite anodes demonstrate fast‐charging capabilities and stable cycling performance across a wide temperature range of −20 to 50 ℃: charging 89% and 93% of pouch cell capacity within 4 minutes at 25 and 50 ℃ and 82% within 15 minutes at −20 ℃, maintaining capacity retention of 94% after 2000 cycles at 8C at 0 ℃ and 89% after 350 cycles at −20 ℃ at 4C. This work might offer new insights into enhancing the fast‐charging capabilities of LIBs under extreme conditions.

Experimental and Mathematical Investigation of Thermochemical Conversion for Horse Manure

Abstract Horse manure is one of the highest potential biowastes for heat and power generation. This paper investigates the experimental and mathematical modeling of thermochemical conversion for horse manure. As one type of thermochemical conversions, the pyrolysis process was carried out at eight different heating rates on horse manure using three parameters: The extent of reaction, the rate change of the extent of reaction and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), all used to determine kinetic data that will be validated with a mathematical model. Slow pyrolysis: below 15 °C/min showed optimistic results of obtaining exothermic reaction over a wide range of temperature which makes it self-sustainable with steady heat generation. Also, low heating rates allowed a quasi-equilibrium state through slow heating with a minimum delay in response for any transient error that could be generated from Differential Thermogravimetry (DTG) device.

Temperature dependent Raman spectroscopy and sensing performance of 2D black phosphorus.

Temperature is an important parameter to be monitored in new wearable electronic devices. Layered black phosphorus (BP) has inherent good thermal stability and semiconductor properties and has a promising application as a temperature sensing layer. Here, we investigate the temperature sensing properties of BP, using in situ Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction techniques. Flexible sensors are constructed, and temperature response is investigated in the range of 6-38 °C. The prospect application for monitoring the temperature of human body parts is demonstrated. The results show that the BP-based temperature sensors demonstrate good negative temperature coefficient characteristics and display high sensitivity and reproducible sensing performance. The temperature-dependent performance suggests the feasibility of BP as a sensitive layer in a wide temperature range. This work paves the way for exploring new applications of amazing layered materials, such as BP, in wearable electronic devices.

Precise regulation of particle orientation for Ni-rich cathodes with ultra-long cycle life

Microstructure engineering of Ni-rich layered cathodes is crucial for mitigating mechanical degradation induced by anisotropic strain during Li-ion (de)intercalation. While the orientation of primary particles has been extensively controlled using high-valence dopants during calcination, the critical role of the hydroxide precursor in synthesizing radially aligned Ni-rich cathodes, along with the requirements for precursor characteristics, has been overlooked. Here, we present a method for precisely tailoring Ni-rich cathodes with superior radially aligned microstructure by combining strategic precipitation regulation and calcination tuning. Through stepwise control of ammonia concentration and pH during precipitation, elongated primary particles with appropriate size along [001] are promoted, facilitating the formation of radially aligned particles in the precursor. This approach enables the synthesis of LiNi0.94Co0.02Mn0.04O2 cathodes with exceptional radially aligned microstructure across a wide range of calcination temperature. Benefiting from the size-refined and radially aligned particles, as well as high crystallinity, the cathode derived from the tailored hydroxide precursor exhibit a high discharge capacity of 230 mAh g−1 at 0.05 C and 186 mAh g−1 at 5 C, with superb capacity retention of 95.6 % after 100 cycles at 1 C and 25 ℃ in half cell and 93.2 % after 1000 cycles at 1 C and 30 ℃ in full cell.

Jahn–Teller effect driven dielectric anomaly and intrinsic magnetodielectric behaviors in nickel chromate

Some spinel chromium oxides with the chemical formula ACr2O4 exhibit magnetic-induced multiferroicity due to the special spiral spin order. However, because of the relatively low temperature of the ordered spiral phase, this kind of multiferroicity generally displays a limited coexistence of magnetic and ferroelectric orders in a narrow temperature range. The Jahn–Teller (JT) effect, serving as a crucial link between charge and orbit degrees of freedom, can facilitate efficient modulation of multiferroic properties. In this work, Ni1−xCuxCr2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) series are synthesized by occupying the same Wyckoff site with two kinds of JT ions. The microstructure and JT distortion can be distinctly influenced by varying the doping level of Cu2+ ions. Particularly, Ni0.85Cu0.15Cr2O4 (x = 0.15) presents the pronounced JT distortion, accompanied by observation of dielectric anomaly at ∼78 K, resulting from spin–orbit coupling. This implies that the JT effect can significantly promote the contribution of spin–orbit coupling in magnetoelectric correlation. Moreover, the magnetodielectric effect induced by intrinsic magnetoelectric coupling is confirmed in Ni0.85Cu0.15Cr2O4 over a wide temperature range of 10–200 K, which is much higher than the Néel temperature of ∼85 K. It indicates that spin–orbit coupling based on the JT effect could overcome the constraint of magnetic order to achieve effective control on electric polarization performance under an applied magnetic field, thereby showing broad application prospects.

Up-conversion luminescence and thermal sensing properties of LuYO3: Er3+/Yb3+ phosphor

A series of LuYO3: Er3+/Yb3+ phosphors with different Yb3+ concentrations were prepared through a melting zone method with CO2 laser. The samples emit bright up-conversion luminescence (UCL) under a 980 nm laser. The UCL intensity and the luminescence color change significantly when Yb3+ concentration changes. Besides, when doped with 3 mol% Yb3+, the UCL intensity is maximal. The thermal sensing properties of LuYO3: Er3+(0.5 mol%)/Yb3+(3 mol%) were studied using the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) method from 298 K to 848 K. The maximum absolute and relative sensitivities are 0.0050 K−1 at 366 K and 0.0167 K−1 at 298 K, respectively. Thus, the LuYO3: Er3+(0.5 mol%)/Yb3+(3 mol%) fluorescent material is very suitable for thermal sensing because of the wide temperature range and the high sensitivity.

High stability of the ferroelectricity against hydrogen gas in (Al,Sc)N thin films

The changes in the crystal structure and ferroelectric properties of (Al0.8Sc0.2)N films sandwiched between Pt and TiN electrodes were investigated by subjecting the films to post-heat-treatment at various temperatures up to 600 °C in both H2 and Ar gases. The remanent polarization underwent slight change, whereas the coercive field strengthened by approximately 9% as a result of the post-heat-treatment up to 600 °C irrespective of the atmosphere and electrode material. This change is much smaller than that reported for ferroelectric (Hf,Zr)O2 films as well as for Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and SrBi2Ta2O9 films for a wide temperature range from 400 to 600 °C and is almost independent of the Pt and TiN electrodes. The high stability of (Al,Sc)N films with both Pt and TiN electrodes under H2 atmosphere is highly promising to stabilize the properties through the device fabrication process.

A high sensitivity temperature coefficient of the Au/n-Si with (CdTe-PVA) structure based on capacitance/conductance-voltage (C/G-V) measurements in a wide range of temperature

This study focused on revealing the temperature-sensing performance and rudimental electrical-properties of the Au/(CdTe-PVA)/n-Si depending on the temperature via impedance-measurements. The temperature-sensitivity (S) for constant-capacitance drive mode shows two-distinct linear-regions corresponding to low/moderate temperatures. The highest S value was achieved as 15.5 mV/K at 0.60 nF value. Nicollian-Brews and Hill-Coleman methods were applied to determine series-resistance (RS) and density of surface-states (NSS) values. The low RS values and the proper magnitude of NSS demonstrate the high quality and performance of the Au/(CdTe-PVA)/n-Si. Additionally, the electrical parameters obtained from C-2-V plots show almost temperature-independent behavior at moderate temperature regions. The low activation-energy values (Ea) determined via Arrhenius-plot indicate hopping of the trapped electron from trap to trap or conduction band dominates the ac conduction. In conclusion, the variations of electrical-parameters and the high S value consolidate the usability of Au/(CdTe-PVA)/n-Si as a thermal sensor in the low-temperature regions.

Interactions between deep eutectic solvents and bovine serum albumin studied by spectroscopic and electrochemical methods

Deep eutectic solvent (DES) has become a potential protein extractant as its good biocompatibility, environmental friendliness and accessibility. In this study, two types of DESs, ferric chloride hexahydrate: oxalic acid (FeCl3·6H2O: H2C2O4) and choline chloride: zinc chloride (ChCl: ZnCl2), were prepared. The interactions between these two types of DESs and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated by utilizing spectroscopic and electrochemical methods. It was found that both FeCl3·6H2O: H2C2O4 and ChCl: ZnCl2 are able to form complexes with BSA by a relatively high affinity. During the process, no significant change in BSA conformation was observed. The binding ratios of BSA in the FeCl3·6H2O: H2C2O4 and ChCl: ZnCl2 systems are up to 98.59 % and 98.14 %, respectively, indicating that the two DESs are both promising extractants for BSA. The interactions between the DESs and BSA are mainly hydrogen bond and van der Waals force, which are strong enough to extract BSA but not too strong for regeneration, making the DESs more applicable in the industry. Moreover, it was found that the binding ratio of BSA in the FeCl3·6H2O: H2C2O4-BSA system remains above 91.7 % in the temperature range of 298–313 K, illustrating the potential of FeCl3·6H2O: H2C2O4 to be used in BSA extraction under a wider range of temperature. In contrast, ChCl: ZnCl2 will be better used under lower temperatures.