WiMAX Applications Research Articles

Quad‐port ring dielectric resonator based MIMO radiator with polarization and space diversity

AbstractIn this communication, quad port MIMO antenna is designed and examined. It is designed by ring shaped ceramic material. The main attribute of proposed analysis are: (a) dual radiating modes are created in the ring shaped ceramic resonator, that is, HE11δ and HE12δ mode with the assistance of pentagon ring shaped aperture; (b) with the help of polarization and space diversity, the mutual coupling is lower than −20 dB among the ports; and (c) ring shaped ceramics provides better bandwidth performance as compare to cylindrical shaped ceramic. Measured results of fabricated protytpe confirms that the proposed radiator functions over two frequency ranges, that is, 2.45 to 2.75 GHz and 4.8 to 5.75 GHz. The value of ECC is also within the limit. All these features make the radiator applicable for wireless local area network (2.4 GHz) and WiMAX (2.5/5.1 GHz) applications.

Design and Optimization of Microstrip Patch Antenna for UWB Applications Using Moth–Flame Optimization Algorithm

The design of microstrip patch (MP) antenna using Moth–Flame optimization (MFO) algorithm for UWB applications is presented in this article. MP antennas are designed to operate in dual and multi-band application as it possess the following advantages such as low cost, light weight and easy installation. To reduce the microstrip patch cross-polarized radiation and to attain the essential radiation parameters, the MP antenna is designed with a defected ground structure. The substrate of liquid crystal polymer is used here to reduce the material cost and the applicable geometry parameters are used to improve antenna performance. The MFO optimized antenna represents 50 mm × 50 mm compact size, which improves the performance of antenna. However, the simulation procedure is done by the MATLAB tool along with high frequency structure simulator for parameter optimization and performance analysis respectively. The operational bandwidth of the antenna is 3.1 GHz and the return loss is − 20 dB that covers the UWB (3.1–10.6 GHz) applications. The simulation outcomes exhibit good impedance bandwidth, radiation pattern, directivity, and relatively constant gain over the entire band of frequency comparing with the earlier methods. Finally, the proposed system can be a better option for the design of microstrip antenna in the communication system, to cover Bluetooth operations, Wi-Fi, Wi-MAX, Telemedicine and UWB applications.

Quad-Band Quad-Sense Circularly Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna for GPS/CNSS/WLAN/WiMAX Applications

This letter presents the design and study of a novel aperture coupled cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (cDRA). Unique aspects of the proposed antenna design are that proposed aperture can excite six different hybrid radiating modes (HEM11 δ , HEM11 δ +1, HEM12 δ -like, HEM12 δ , HEM13 δ , HEM14 δ ) in the cDRA; first time, quad-band quad-sense circular polarization is obtained in the dielectric resonator antenna structure; and radiation characteristics (broadsided) are almost same in all the frequency bands. These features make the proposed antenna structure relevant for L1/L2 GPS bands (1.2/1.5 GHz), CNSS, wireless LAN (2.4 GHz) as well as WiMAX (2.5 GHz) applications.

Compact Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for WiMAX Applications with Improved Impedance Bandwidth and Axial Ratio

Compact Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for WiMAX Applications with Improved Impedance Bandwidth and Axial Ratio

Compact Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for WiMAX Applications with Improved Impedance Bandwidth and Axial Ratio

This paper presents a circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna for WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) application with improved impedance bandwidth and axial ratio compared to the existing designs. The antenna is designed at a resonant frequency of 3.56GHz on the FR4 substrate with 2mm thickness. The dimensions of the antenna are 0.35λo×0.35 λo×0.023λo and it is fed through a probe feed. An impedance bandwidth of 360MHz (10.11%) in the frequency range of 3.44GHz−3.8GHz, with a gain of 3.16dBi, axial ratio bandwidth of 1.9% (3.56GHz−3.63GHz) and VSWR<2 are obtained.

Compact wideband four‐element MIMO antenna with high isolation

A compact wideband four-element multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with high isolation is proposed in this Letter. The proposed MIMO antenna consists of a tapered microstrip line fed rectangular monopole antenna arranged in orthogonal symmetric fashion on the interconnected partial ground plane. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 35 × 35 × 0.8 mm3 with 9.5 mm edge-to-edge separation between a pair of radiating elements. The proposed MIMO antenna has a −10 dB fractional impedance bandwidth of 49.57% covering 4.4–7.3 GHz, encompassing sub-6 GHz 5G (4.5 GHz), WLAN (5/5.2/5.8 GHz), WiMAX (5.5 GHz), HYPERLAN/1, 2, and ISM bands (5.2/5.8 GHz) applications. The proposed MIMO antenna has a minimum isolation value of 21 dB, maximum envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) value of 0.014 between antenna elements throughout the band. The measured results are found in good agreement with the simulated S-parameters, radiation patterns, ECC, total active reflection coefficient, and channel capacity loss.

Gain Improvement and Bandwidth Extension of Ultra-Wide Band Micro-Strip Patch Antenna Using Electromagnetic Band Gap Slots and Superstrate Techniques

In this article, the ultrawideband of micro-strip patch antenna is proposed bandwidth and gain were enhanced. The techniques that using to improve the gain and bandwidth are EBG slots and superstrate. The designed structure is implemented using computer simulation technology software (CST). The achievement gain of antenna is increased by 26.4% on 10.5 GHz of frequency. While the bandwidth of the proposed antenna is increased to 161%, the range from 2.67 to 26 GHz. This range of frequency is cover UWB, GPS, 5G mobile cellular, LTE, WLAN 802.11b/g UMTS2000, WiMAX, PCS1900, TD-SCDMA and Bluetooth applications. On the other hand, the ability of the superstrate allows to smaller leverage on the cross polarization accomplishment of an antenna slots. The compares between impedance bandwidth and gain by way of like the radiation patterns are debated at competence of benefit. Finally, there are perfect harmony between simulated and fabricated results.

Application of FSS for Microstrip Antenna for Gain Enhancement

In this present paper, a dual-band microstrip patch antenna (MPA) using frequency selective surface (FSS) is proposed. The dual-band MPA is designed using the rectangular shaped patch with an elliptical slot at the center of the patch and full ground plane. The FSS in this paper act as a reflection plane which is loaded onto the dual-band MPA in order to improve the gain of the antenna at higher band. The FSS is obtained by the periodic array of 3 × 5-unit cell in the x-y direction, which based on the amalgamation of a square and circular loop elements. After merging the FSS, the gain and return loss at 5 GHz increased to 0.915 dB and -25.08 dB respectively. The dual-band MPA is simulated using the FR-4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm and a relative permittivity of 4.4. The overall size of the MPA and FSS is relatively compact and easy to fabricate. The proposed antenna can be used in WiMAX and WLAN applications.

A low profile dual band MIMO antenna for LTE/Bluetooth/Wi-Fi/WLAN applications

ABSTRACT In the present endeavor, a CPW-fed dome-shaped monopole radiating elements with 2 × 2 MIMO configuration is presented. The dual-band response of the antenna is obtained by embedding a pair of comb-shaped slots in the ground plane. The measured dual frequency bands of 2.11–4.19 GHz (lower) and 4.98–6.81 GHz (upper) effectively cover LTE, Wi-Fi/WLAN, Bluetooth, and Wi-MAX applications. A T-shaped stub is integrated with the ground plane to obtain high isolation (>21 dB). The measured antenna gain varies in the range of 2.75–4.19 dBi and its radiation efficiency is found greater than 70% in both the resonating bands. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 20 × 34 × 1.6 mm3. The antenna is fabricated and measured results are validated with the results obtained by CST Microwave Studio. Finally, various diversity parameters are evaluated for the antenna and the results are satisfactory for MIMO applications.

Truncated Ground Plane Multiband Monopole Antenna for WLAN and WiMAX Applications

This paper presents a low profile multiband printed monopole antenna with a rectangular patch and truncated ground. The patch is embedded with two crossed C-shaped slots and the ground with two E-shaped slots. The antenna is very compact and applicable for Wireless LAN and WiMAX applications with a quite good gain and efficiency for all three bands. Parameters like return loss, radiation pattern, gain, radiation efficiency and current distribution are analyzed by the radiation pattern curve. Parametric analysis is done to understand the effects of various parameters. Simulation and measured data have been compared and found in agreement.

Asymmetric circularly polarized open‐slot antenna

A circularly polarized printed antenna using an asymmetric open-slot is designed in this paper. The presented antenna consists of conducting ground plane with open wide-slot, fed electromagnetically by a microstrip feedline. The slot and feedline are positioned at the edge of the ground plane and substrate, hence making the antenna asymmetric. The measured results show that the |S11| < −10 dB impedance bandwidth is 125% (3.2-14 GHz) and the broadband axial ratio bandwidth is 61% (3.2-6 GHz). The antenna is very simple and has a small size of 25 mm × 25 mm, making it attractive for compact wireless WLAN, ISM, WiMAX, and C-band applications.

High gain cylindrical dielectric resonator integrated with horn for multiband wireless applications

In this article, a multiband high gain cylindrical dielectric resonator (CDR) integrated with conical horn antenna is reported. This antenna has been designed for multiband wireless frequency applications. To enhance the gain, modified conical-shaped horn is integrated to the CDR. The proposed antenna resonates at 2.3, 3.5, 3.9, 7.5, 9.2, and 9.95 GHz, respectively. Antenna attains measured 14.1 dBi peak gain at 10.7 GHz resonant frequency. In all the frequency bands, antenna offers more than 80% radiation efficiency. Simulated and experimental results show a commendable agreement. This antenna covers LTE services, Citizens Broadband Radio Service, WiMAX, vehicular communication, cellular communication, and radar applications.

Triple-band antenna with defected ground structure (DGS) for WLAN/WiMAX applications

This paper presents a triple-band rectangular patch antenna that can be operated in three different resonance frequencies of 2.40 GHz, 3.50 GHz, and 5.80 GHz for WLAN and WiMAX applications. The FR-4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.3 is used, with the dimensions of the substrate 34×30×1.6mm3. The performance of the rectangular patch antenna has been simulated and measured and the proposed patch antenna operates at three different resonance frequencies of WLAN and WiMAX which are 2.35-2.54 GHz, 3.45-3.57 GHz and 5.74-5.83 GHz. These results correspond to a simulated bandwidth of 197 MHz, 118 MHz and 90 MHz. The radiation pattern of nearly omni-directional is obtained. Overall, the results obtained show the designed antenna have a good performances of the three operating bands

Design and analysis of a novel miniaturized microstrip fractal antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications

This paper is a new comparative study via numerical calculations and experimental measurements of various designs of fractal antennas. The geometry of the antennas dual?broadband (2.5/5.77 GHz and 2.4/6.18 GHz) for WLAN/ WiMAX applications is inspired by the Sierpinski carpet and the Minkowski. The simulated and measured results show a good agreement over the bandwidth. We also performed a comparison with current comparable antenna designs, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed antenna regarding applicability in telecommunication technology.

Design and fabrication of a compact microstrip triplexer for wimax and wireless applications

A novel structure to design a microstrip triplexer for wireless and WiMAX applications is presented. To obtain a compact microstrip layout, step impedance resonators and coupled lines are used. The introduced triplexer has a size of 0.35λg×0.26λg, where λg is calculated at 2.3 GHz. Also, the obtained insertion losses are 0.78 dB, 1.1 dB and 0.62 dB at 2.3 GHz, 3.2 GHz and 3.6 GHz, respectively. The LC model of the presented resonator is investigated to tune three resonance frequencies by calculating numerical values of inductors and capacitors. Finally, the designed triplexer is simulated and measured.

Multi-Band and High Gain Antenna Using AMC Ground Characterized With Four Zero-Phases of Reflection Coefficient

In this paper, a multi-band AMC-backed antenna system characterized with high gain and low-profile is proposed. It is constructed by placing a quad-band coplanar-waveguide (CPW) antenna over an AMC with four zero-phases in the reflection coefficient. The CPW antenna consists of an ornamental-pillar-shaped patch with the specially designed parasitic elements, and a defected ground structure (DGS), for the application in the frequency bands of 2.45, 3.5, 4.6 and 5.8 GHz. To improve the CPW antenna’s radiation performance, an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) ground with four zero-phases of the reflection coefficient is designed and employed as the reflector. The AMC unit cell is composed of four metallic nested rings (FMNR), whose innermost ring is connected in series to four lumped capacitors. It is observed that the proposed quad-band AMC ground can not only increase the gains of the multi-band antenna greatly but also combine the two intermediate frequency bands of the antenna into a broadband one. The prototypes of the antenna and the AMC array with $5\times {5}$ unit cells were fabricated and measured. It is found that in comparison to the antenna without AMC, the AMC-backed antenna obtains a gain enhancement by amounts of 4.93, 5.92, 5.54 and 4.95 dB at the frequencies of 2.45, 3.5, 4.6 and 5.8 GHz. The 10-dB impedance bandwidths of the AMC-backed antenna include three bands of 2.13–2.87, 3.22–4.75, and 5.54–5.86 GHz, with the corresponding relative bandwidths of 14.8%, 38.4%, and 5.3%. The proposed antenna can be potentially applied to the applications in WLAN, WiMAX, and 5G mobile communication systems.

Micro Strip Patch Antenna for WLAN/WiMAX Applications: A Review

The increasing demand for good wireless antennas in the field of wireless communication leads to the advancement in the design and development of compact microstrip patch antenna. This paper reviews the development of multiband microstrip antennas for WiMAX and WLAN applications in recent decades. Multiple advancements have been done till date in the field that includes different sizes of patches, ground plane, multiple sizes of slots (L-shaped. Rectangular, Circular shaped) have also been used to get required multiband frequencies. Dual-Band Monopole Patch Antenna Using Microstrip Fed technique was considered due to its satisfactory frequency bands with a very compact size-Slotted Microstrip Fed Monopole Antenna for Triple Band was implemented for improvement in radiation efficiency, Compact CPW-fed tri-band printed antenna with meandering split-ring slot that was considered for multiband applications , ,Miniaturized printed K shaped monopole antenna with truncated ground plane design was another technique considered for improved radiation efficiency and simple design ,Dual Band Monopole Antenna for Wlan 2.4/5.2/5.8 with Truncated Ground was considered for an accurate omnidirectional radiation pattern and comparatively high radiation efficiency, Miniaturized Pi (Π) - Slit monopole antenna for 2.4/5.2/5.8 applications was then studied for its simple and compact design. Frequencies. All these design approaches will be reviewed and discussed in this paper.

Three-Dimensional Dual-Band Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Wireless Communication

A three-dimensional dual-band dielectric resonator antenna, comprised of five rectangular dielectric resonator (RDR) radiating elements, is proposed for wireless communication applications. The presented multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)/diversity antenna system use TE 1δ1 Y and HEM 2δ1 modes of the RDR antenna for the transmission/reception of data. The TE 1δ1 Y mode covers the frequency range from 3.3 to 3.8 GHz, covering Wi-MAX, sub-6 GHz, and LTE (3.41-3.5 GHz uplink/3.51-3.6 GHz downlink) 5G application bands. The HEM 2δ1 mode covers Wi-Fi (5.725-5.875 GHz) and ITS 5.9 GHz (5.875-5.925 GHz) bands. The five RDR antenna elements are excited through coaxial feeds and are arranged in a cubical fashion to cover all directions, except -Z direction. The RDR elements are oriented and positioned to achieve a minimum correlation between the radiating elements. The proposed antenna exhibits a gain of 7 dB in the lower band while 7.2 dB gain is obtained in the upper band.

A Compact Quad Port Band-Notched MIMO Antenna for Wi-MAX Applications with Low Mutual Coupling

A Compact Quad Port Band-Notched MIMO Antenna for Wi-MAX Applications with Low Mutual Coupling

MODELING OF A MICROSTRIP FIFTH ORDER LOW PASS FILTER FOR WIMAX APPLICATION

Microstrip filters are used to combine or select microwave frequencies within a specific limit. They have been put to use for systems communicating in the wireless mode in today’s world. Over the past few years, the transmission and reception rates of data have transformed the wireless communication scenario in the world. High-speed communication has a pre-requisite of specialized filters encompassing the specifications for fast transmission of data. To achieve this a new inexpensive low pass fifth-order filter has been designed in this article. The proposed filter has been implemented for 3.2 GHz cut-off frequency suitable for WiMAX applications. There is a close agreement between the simulated and computed S-parameters of the designed filter. The filter has the advantage of low cost, highly reliable, and compact size.