White Lupine Seeds Research Articles

Formation of seedlings of white lupin, Lupinus albus L. and blue lupin, Lupinus angustifolius L. in laboratory and field experiments

Modern varieties of white lupin can be an alternative to soy in overcoming vegetable protein deficiency: to produce or import? Unlike soybeans, lupin seeds do not contain trypsin inhibitors; they don’t need heat treatment to be used in feed. Lupin has a high attachment of beans. It is drought-resistant, adapted to environmental conditions with insufficient moisture. The formation of seedlings is a critical period in the ontogeny of lupin, preceding sprouting. At this time, parameters of seedlings such as the speed and vigor, density, distribution uniformity on the soil surface are determined. The objective is to determine the dynamic characteristics of seedlings of white and blue lupin seeds by alterations in the wet and dry weight of the seedling and its individual organs in laboratory and field experiments. In the laboratory experiments, seeds of white and blue lupins were germinated on sifted and calcined sand, moistened to 80% of the total moisture capacity at 20 oC. On the 4th and 7th days, the wet and dry weight per 100 seedlings, morphological alterations in the seedling bodies and their mass were determined, as well as the expenditure of seed reserve nutrients for the formation of seedlings was calculated. In field experiment, the same parameters of seedlings were determined, considering their laboratory germination (according to the number of viable seeds per 1 m row). The formation features of seedlings of white and blue lupins in laboratory and field experiments have been studied. The certain features influencing the parameters of seedlings in field during the critical sowing-seedlings” period have been determined.

Influence of mineral fertilizers on the white lupine seeds yield under cultivation in the Central Black Earth region of Russia

The study results on using macro- and micronutrients in the cultivation of white lupine (Lupinusalbus L.) in the soil and climatic conditions of the Central Black Earth region of Russia are presented. Field trials were carried out in 2018-2020 at the Department of Plant Growing, Breeding and Vegetable Growing in Belgorod State Agrarian University. The object of research is a high-intensity variety of white lupine Degas. The subject of research is the Aquamix microfertilizer of two brands – Aquamix-T (for seed treatment) and Aquamix-TV (for foliar dressing), macrofertilizers – potassium sulphate (K2SO4) and potassium monophosphate (KH2PO4). The weather conditions during the years of the experiments were unfavorable for the growth and development of lupine, since during the entire growing season of the plants an increased temperature regime was observed with a deficit of precipitation. The soil cover of the experimental field is represented by typical chernozem with an average content of basic nutrients. The accounting area of the plot is 18 m2, the replication is fourfold, the placement is systematic. The experiment included seven options: 1) control (without fertilizers), 2) seed treatment with Aquamix-T micronutrient fertilizer, 3) seed treatment with Aquamix-T micronutrient fertilizer and foliar fertilization with Aquamix-TV micronutrient fertilizer, 4) seed treatment with Aquamix-Tilist micronutrient fertilizer solution potassium sulphate, 5) seed treatment with microfertilizer Aquamix-Tilist feeding with potassium monophosphate solution, 6) seed treatment with micronutrient Aquamix-Tilist fertilizer with a mixture of Aquamix-TV + potassium sulphate, 7) seed treatment with micronutrient fertilizer Aquamix-Tilist fertilization with potassium monophosphate mixture. Analysis of the data obtained showed that the highest yield of white lupine seeds was obtained on the variants with seed treatment with Aquamix-T micronutrient fertilizer together with foliar dressing with Aquamix-TV micronutrient fertilizer in combination with K2SO4 or KH2PO4 macrofertilizers, which was 3.64 and 3.62 t/ha, respectively, which is 0.64 and 0.62 t/ha or 21.3 and 20.5% above the control variant.

A qPCR Assay for the Fast Detection and Quantification of Colletotrichum lupini.

White lupin (Lupinus albus) represents an important legume crop in Europe and other parts of the world due to its high protein content and potential for low-input agriculture. However, most cultivars are susceptible to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lupini, a seed- and air-borne fungal pathogen that causes severe yield losses. The aim of this work was to develop a C. lupini-specific quantitative real-time TaqMan PCR assay that allows for quick and reliable detection and quantification of the pathogen in infected seed and plant material. Quantification of C. lupini DNA in dry seeds allowed us to distinguish infected and certified (non-infected) seed batches with DNA loads corresponding to the disease score index and yield of the mother plants. Additionally, C. lupini DNA could be detected in infected lupin shoots and close to the infection site, thereby allowing us to study the disease cycle of this hemibiotrophic pathogen. This qPCR assay provides a useful diagnostic tool to determine anthracnose infection levels of white lupin seeds and will facilitate the use of seed health assessments as a strategy to reduce the primary infection source and spread of this disease.

Effect of total replacement of the soya bean meal by lupine seeds (L. albus and L. luteus) on performance and digestion characteristics of growing rabbits

This study aimed to evaluate whole lupin seeds (Lupinus. albus and Lupinus luteus) as an alternative crude protein (CP) source to soybean meal (SBM) in diets for growing rabbits. Diets contained 150 g/kg of SBM (control; CTD), white lupin seeds (LAD) or yellow lupin seeds (LLD) as the main protein source were used. The diets were similar in the level of digestible crude protein (CP), and digestible energy and limiting amino acids. Sixty hybrid rabbits (New Zealand x Californian; 20 rabbits per diet; 1025 ± 72 g of live weight (LW)), weaned at 35 days of age, were used for growth performance evaluation from 35 to 69 days of age. A feed restriction (80 %) was performed during the first 14 days of the experiment (from 35 to 49 days). At the end of the growth trial, 30 rabbits (10 rabbits per treatment) were slaughtered without fasting. The caecum was weighted and its content was collected, the pH was measure and samples were taken and frozen for laboratorial analysis. Forty eight rabbits (24 cages and 16 rabbits per diet; 60 days of age; 2115.0 ± 211.6 g LW) were selected from the growth trial and used in the digestibility assay. No significant (P > 0.05) effects was observed on the LW and feed intake between diets in all ages studied. Considering the total growing period (35−69 days), weight gain was higher (P < 0.05) in rabbits fed the CTD (47.7 g/day) than rabbits fed lupine diets (42.8, and 42.1 g/day in rabbits fed the LAD and LLD, respectively). Similarly, feed conversion rate was lower (P < 0.05) in rabbits fed CTD (3.1, 3.5 and 3.6 g/g in rabbits fed the CTD, LAD and LLD, respectively). There were differences in digestibility of organic matter with CTD presenting the highest value (0.622; P < 0.05). Regarding de digestibility of CP, the highest value was found for LLD (0.738; P < 0.05). Digestibility of fibre fractions was not affected by diet (P > 0.05). The caecal parameters were not affected by the replacement of SBM by lupine, except the pH values that were higher in lupine diets (5.74 and 5.77 LAD and LLD, respectively; P < 0.05). In conclusion white and yellow lupin seeds are a suitable dietary protein source for growing rabbits although a slightly worsened of the growth performance of rabbits fed LAD or LLD was observed. Future trials must be conducted using lower levels of lupine seeds in diets and including also an economic evaluation of the results.

Влияние макро- и микроудобрений, их сочетаний на формирование урожайности и качество семян люпина белого в условиях юго-западной части Центрально-Чернозёмного региона

В статье представлены результаты исследований влияния новых форм микроудобрений при их раздельном применении и в сочетании с макроудобрениями на продуктивность и качество семян кормового люпина в условиях юго-западной части ЦЧР, где эта культура возделывается сравнительно недавно. Исследования проводились в 2018–2019 годах в коллекционном питомнике кафедры растениеводства, селекции и овощеводства Белгородского ГАУ в соответствии с общепринятыми методиками проведения опытов с зерновыми бобовыми культурами. В питании растений люпина белого важное место отводится макро- и микроудобрениям, которые способны активизировать метаболические процессы растений и обеспечить высокую продуктивность посева. В связи с этим возникла необходимость изучения их влияния на урожайность и качество семян люпина белого в засушливых условиях региона. Объектом исследований был люпин белый сорт Дега, предшественник — яровая пшеница. Почва опытного участка — чернозём типичный среднемощный тяжелосуглинистого гранулометрического состава. Метеорологические условия вегетационных периодов люпина характеризовались повышенным температурным режимом и недостаточным увлажнением по сравнению со среднемноголетними показателями. Исследования показали, что лучшими являются варианты, в которых применялись листовые подкормки растений в фазу бутонизации, сочетающие микроудобрение «Аквамикс-ТВ» с разными формами макроудобрений: сернокислым калием и монофосфатом калия как в комплексе с обработкой семян микроудобрением «Аквамикс-Т», так и отдельно. В этих вариантах в среднем за годы исследований получена наибольшая урожайность семян в опыте — 3,60, 3,61 и 3,72 т/га, рентабельность — более 140%, условно чистый доход — более 32 000 руб./га, что значительно превышает варианты с предпосевной обработкой семян и раздельным применением удобрений при листовой подкормке. Все варианты обработок изучаемыми макро- и микроудобрениями способствовали увеличению содержания белка в семенах: прибавка по сравнению с контролем варьировалась от 3,42 до 5,88%. This article reports on the effect of new micronutrient fertilizers applied separately or in combination with macronutrient fertilizers on the productivity and quality of lupine seeds. Forage lupine grows in the south-west of the Central Chernozem region. The investigation took place in the nursery of the department of Crop Science, Plant Breeding and Vegetable Production of the Belgorod State Agrarian University in 2018–2019. The experiment was conducted in accordance with standard methods. Macronutrient and micronutrient fertilizers are able to activate plant metabolism increasing crop productivity. Therefore, there effect on seed yield and quality of white lupine is of particular interest specifically under drought. Lupine “Dega” was planted after spring wheat. Soil was typical chernozem with high clay content. Weather conditions were dry compared to annual average parameters. Topdressing by the micronutrient fertilizers “Akvamiks-TV” either with potassium sulfate or potassium monophosphate at budding time had the highest effectiveness regardless of seed treatment with “Akvamiks-T”. These variants showed the highest seed productivity — 3.60, 3.61 and 3.72 t ha-1, payback — over 140%, net income — over 32 000 RUB ha-1, significantly exceeding the variants with seed treatment, topdressing and separate fertilization. Macronutrient and micronutrient fertilizers increased protein content in seeds by 3.42–5.88%.

Microbial Phytase Improves Performance and Bone Traits in Broilers Fed Diets Based on Soybean Meal and White Lupin (Lupinus albus) Meal

Abstract For several years in Europe, there has been a growing interest in the use of native sources of protein (e.g. lupin seeds) in poultry nutrition. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a microbial phytase in broiler diets with the addition of different levels of white lupin seeds. A total of 480 one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly divided into six dietary treatments (10 replications/8 birds per group). The basal diet contained SBM as the main protein source and experimental treatments were prepared with white lupin meal (WLM) at 3 levels (0, 10, and 20%) and with or without phytase inclusion. The experiment was divided into two feeding periods: from 1 to 14 days (starter) and from 15 to 35 days (grower). Diets with phytase addition were deficient in Ca and non-phytate P. All diets were fed in mash form and offered ad libitum. On day 35 excreta were collected and on day 36, ten chickens from each group were euthanized and blood, tibia, and digesta samples were collected for further analysis. The 20% addition of WLM negatively increased the content of phytic-P. The results showed that feed conversion ratio (FCR) and body weight gain (BWG) were not affected by phytase inclusion but by the WLM level alone. In addition, birds fed the diet with 20% WLM were characterized by having the lowest BWG and the highest FCR of all groups. There were no significant differences in feed intake (FI) among chickens fed control and experimental treatments. Regardless of the white lupin level addition, phytase addition improved (P&lt;0.001) nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEN). In conclusion, the addition of phytase positively influenced the performance and availability of minerals (Ca and P) regardless of the level of WLM used. However, with regard to the use of WLM in poultry nutrition, it can be assumed that 10% addition is safe and does not affect performance.

The Results of the Laboratory Studies of Harvesting the White Lupine by a Stripper Header with Fingers for Large Seed Crops

Introduction. Agricultural machinery and devices used for harvesting white lupines do not provide a complete collection of seeds, which leads to the violation of agricultural requirements for the harvesting of leguminous crops. It is necessary to find new technological and technical solutions to reduce losses of seeds during this process. The most perspective solution to the problem of white lupine harvesting is the application of industrial flow line technology together with the improvement of the method to comb standing plants by a stripper header. Materials and Methods. The article presents the design of a laboratory setup with experimental working bodies, which allows simulating the process of harvesting white lupines by separating the seed part of plants in the field. The empirical method based on the theory of multi-factor experiment was used to substantiate the parameters and operating modes of the stripper header with fingers for large seed crops. The algorithm and results of experimental studies to determine the completeness of seed collection are presented. Results. The results of the laboratory studies of the stripper header with fingers for largeseeded crops to determine the qualitative indicators for the completeness of the collection of white lupine seeds are presented. It is determined that the maximum completeness of seed collection is 99.5%. Discussion and Conclusion. In studying the technological process of harvesting white Degas lupine seeds by a combing header with fingers for large-seeded crops under laboratory conditions, the physical and mechanical properties of plants were experimentally studied, their morphological characteristics were clarified, and the regimen-technological parameters of the harvesting header were determined to ensure seed loss within agrotechnical requirements (0.5%).

Quantification of Biologically Fixed Nitrogen by White Lupin (Lupins albus L.) and Its Subsequent Uptake by Winter Wheat Using the 15N Isotope Dilution Method

A field experiment was carried out in 2016–2018 in a white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)-winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. ‘Bogatka’) crop rotation. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of nitrogen (N) that was biologically fixed by the white lupin crop in the first year of the rotation and to estimate how much of this N was then taken up from the lupin residues by winter wheat in the second and third years of the rotation. Biologically fixed N was determined by the isotope-dilution method (ID15N) by applying 30 kg N ha−1 of 15N-labeled fertilizer (15NH4)2SO4 (containing 20.1 at.% 15N) to the white lupin and the reference plant spring wheat. The yields of white lupin seeds and crop residues were 3.92 t ha−1 and 4.30 t ha−1, respectively. The total amount of N in the white lupin biomass was 243.2 kg ha−1, which included 209.3 kg ha−1 in the seeds and 33.9 kg ha−1 in the residues. The 15N-labeled residue of white lupin was cut and ploughed into soil. Our results indicate that 111.2 kg N ha−1 was fixed from the atmosphere by the lupin plants, with 93.7 kg ha−1 found in the seeds and 17.5 kg ha−1 in the residues. In the second and third years of the rotation when winter wheat was cultivated, the plots were divided into two groups of subplots (1) without N-fertilization (control) and (2) with an application of 100 kg N ha−1. In the first year of winter wheat cultivation, 20.0% and 21.0% of N from the crop residues was taken up by the control and N-fertilization plots, respectively, while in the second year, uptake was lower at 7.12% and 9.27% in the control and N-fertilized plots, respectively.

Effect of inoculation on the content of biogenic elements in the white lupine and grass pea

The aim of this work was to determine the influence of the inoculant on the content of biogenic elements in tenoreign varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus) and threearieties of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) of Slovak origin. Rizobine was used as the inoculum before sowing. Dried and homogenised seed samples were mineralised using concentrated HNO3 using the MARS X - Press 5 instrument. Analytical determination of macro- and microelements in all samples was performed using ARIAN DUO 240FS/240Z atomic absorption spectrometer. The determined values of biogenic elements content were expressed as mg.kg-1 of dry matter. The average content of Cu was lower for both crops in variant A compared to variant B. The addition of the inoculant increased the content of Cu in both crops in lupine by 3.7% and grass pea by 10.94%. The Zn content of variant A in lupine was 19.14% higher than that of the grass pea. Grass pea seeds contained 97.76% less Mn than white lupine seeds in both variants. The Cr content of white lupine was 67.74% higher in variant A than in grass pea. The inoculant also increased the content of Cr in lupine by 25.0%. Lupine contained 30.02% less Fe in variant A and 41.27% less Fe in variant B than the grass pea. The results we have obtained show that Ca, K, and P are the predominant elements in the seeds of grass pea in both variants. By comparing selected types of legumes we found that the grass pea features a higher content of Cu, Fe, K, and P. The analysed seeds of white lupine had a higher content of Zn, Mn, Cr, Ni, Co, Na, Ca, and Mg. In conclusion, inoculation does not significantly affect the content of biogenic elements of selected legume species.

ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ РЕГУЛЯТОРІВ РОСТУ РОСЛИН У ПОСІВАХ ЛЮПИНУ БІЛОГО (LUPINUS ALBUS L.)

The influence of biological preparations Emistym S and Epin on the formation of symbiotic systems at plant roots against the background of spontaneous inoculation by local populations of Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus), seed productivity and grain quality of white lupine variety Makarivskyi in soil and climatic conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It was established that the local races of lupine tuberculosis bacteria in the soil and climatic conditions of the Ternopil region were virulent, which accordingly contributed to the growth of pink popatoes, mainly, on the main root of the plants. The biological preparation of Ukrainian production Emistym S had a more active influence on the formation of the symbiotic apparatus on the roots of white lupine compared with the brasinosteroid of the Belarusian production Epin. Plant growth regulators (PGR) have slowed the aging and lysis of potatoes.&#x0D; The biological yield of seeds of white lupine variety Makarivskyi in soil and climatic conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Ternopil region) in the control variant made 27,4 h / ha. For seed treatment with plant growth regulators Emistym S and Epin – 29,5 and 28,3 h / ha. Pre-sowing seed treatment with Emistym S significantly increased seed productivity of white lupine by 2,1 h / ha (7,7%) compared to the control. Due to the effects of Emistym S, the number of seeds per plant increased by 25,5%, Epin – 10,4% before control. A significant difference was found in the index of seed weight per plant, with exogenous treatment of seeds with the drug Emistym S, the above indicator increased by 39,5% compared to the control and PGR Epin – 17,2%. Biological preparations also influenced the mass index of 1000 seeds. Studies have shown a significant increase in the above figure by 11,7% with the use of Emistym S.&#x0D; PGR Emistym S and Epin significantly affected the qualitative composition of white lupine seed substances. The use of Emistym S and Epin revealed statistically significant increases in organic matter, including protein (7.9, 2.9%), proteins (8.1 and 1.9%), oils (5.9 and 2.2%), and fiber (7.9 and 4.0%). These PGR did not significantly affect the accumulation of mineral compounds of phosphorus, potassium and ash content of white lupine seeds for cultivation in the soil and climatic conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine&#x0D; Improving the intensity of symbiotic systems formation at the roots of plants, during the pre-sowing treatment of the seeds of PGR Emistym S and Epin, contributed to the formation of higher productivity and better quality indicators of white lupine variety Makarivskyi.

Dehulling effect of dietary administered white lupine seeds on the blood biochemistry of broilers

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the partial or complete dietary replacement of crude protein (CP) from soybean meal (SBM) with CP from the meal of whole (trial 1) or dehulled (trial 2) white lupine (WL) seeds on the blood plasma biochemical indicators in broilers. Chickens of the control (C) group were fed diets containing the SBM as the main protein source in the feed. It results from the findings that the complete and also partial replacement of CP from the SBM by CP from the meal of whole WL seeds in diets led to a decrease in the plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerides (TAG) levels (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Concerning the dietary administration of dehulled WL seeds, only the complete replacement of CP resulted in a decrease in the plasma glucose and TAG levels in 35-day-old broilers (P &amp;lt; 0.05). In addition, when including the dehulled WL seeds into the diet, an increase in the plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity was found in both the E1 and E2 groups (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Based on the results found, it can be stated that the use of meal from whole WL seeds seems to be a promising protein feed component which has beneficial effects on the health of broilers.

The Effect of Dehulling Lupine Seeds (Lupinus albus L.) from Low-Alkaloid Varieties on the Chemical Composition and Fatty Acids Content

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of dehulling white lupine seeds (Lupinus albus, cultivar Amiga) on the raw chemical composition and nutritional profile of lipids. There was no significant differences (p ˃ 0.05) between whole and dehulled lupine seeds in respect of their content in dry matter, ether extract, crude ash and nitrogen-free extract. However, the dehulled lupine seeds had a higher (p ˂ 0.05) crude protein level (51.69% of DM) than whole seeds (43.16% of DM), and a lower (p ˂ 0.05) crude fiber content (4.35% of DM) compared to that of whole seeds (14.15% of DM). The fatty acids profile is not affected (p ˃ 0.05) by the dehulling process. Oleic acid (C18:1 cis-9) is the main fatty acid in lupine seeds, and the level of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) is slightly higher in whole seeds. The n-3 / n-6 report is adequate in both whole (0.88) and dehulled (0.94) seeds, and the favorable polyunsaturated index (PI) indicates the high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which indicates that lupine seeds are a valuable source of essential fatty acids. Also, lupine seeds are characterized by favorable values of the thrombogenic (0.18) and atherogenic (0.14) indexes, and an appropriate hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic index value, features considered important for human health and animal nutrition.

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON LUPINE AND FENUGREEK SEEDS THAT GROW IN EGYPT

Main chemical composition, bioactive constituents and antioxidant activity of Egyptian lupine and fenugreek seeds were investigated. The obtained results showed that white lupine seeds have higher amount of carbohydrate and ash than that in the other seeds. Meanwhile yellow lupine seeds showed the highest percentage of fibers among all tested seeds, while fenugreek seeds were characterized by large amount of crude protein, oil and moisture comparing with both kinds of lupine seeds. On the other side, analysis of bioactive constituents revealed the presence of total phenolics, total flavonoids as well as saponins in the highest amount in fenugreek seeds, whereas the highest values of alkaloids and tannins were belonged to yellow lupine. It is noteworthy that white lupine exhibited the lowest amounts of all tested bioactive components among all studied seeds. And finally, in vitro antioxidant activity using two deferent methods, showed a correlation between total phenolics and total flavonoids on one hand and antioxidant activity on the other hand, where it showed the highest values for fenugreek seeds followed by yellow and white lupine seeds respectively.

Narrow-leaved lupine seeds as a dietary protein source for fattening rabbits: a comparison with white lupine seeds

Lupine seeds have the potential to be an alternative to imported dietary proteins. In rabbits, it has been indicated that White lupine seed (WLS) is a suitable protein source. Other lupine species, for example, narrow-leaved lupine seed (NLS), have not yet been tested in rabbit diets. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of the dietary inclusion of NLS on growth performance, sanitary risk index (SRI), coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) and nitrogen output in fattening rabbits. Narrow-leaved lupine was compared with WLS as a main protein source. For Experiment I, a total of 198 Hyplus rabbits (37 days of age) were allocated into two groups (99 rabbits per group), fed the WLS I diet (120 g/kg of WLS cv. Amiga) or the NLS I diet (150 g/kg of NLS cv. Probor), and used for performance and carcass trait evaluations. In addition, the CTTAD of the diets and the nitrogen output were determined in 10 Hyplus rabbits per treatment (37 days of age). For Experiment II, a total of 180 Hyplus rabbits (32 days of age) were allocated into two groups (90 rabbits per group), fed the WLS II diet (120 g/kg of WLS cv. Amiga) or the NLS II diet (130 g/kg of NLS cv. Primadona), and used for performance and carcass trait evaluations. In addition, the CTTAD of the diets was determined in 10 Hyplus rabbits per treatment (32 days of age). Regardless of the treatment, the dietary inclusion of NLS had a negative effect on growth of the rabbits. The nitrogen excretion and coefficients of nitrogen retention of rabbits were not affected by the treatments. In Experiment I, SRI (37 to 80 days of age) was higher in rabbits fed the NLS I diet than in those fed the WLS I diet (38.4% v. 23.2%, respectively; P = 0.031). Similarly, in Experiment II (32 to 74 days of age), SRI was higher in rabbits fed the NLS II diet than in rabbits fed the WLS II diet (37.8% v. 23.3%, respectively; P = 0.052). In conclusion, regardless of the variety, the dietary inclusion of NLS had no negative effect on the nitrogen output or dressing-out percentage of rabbits when compared to those of rabbits fed the WLS diets. With respect to the SRI and performance, however, NLS did not provide a satisfactory outcome.

The Effect of Mixture of Rapeseed Meal, White Lupin Seed, and Pea Seed in Rabbit Diets on Performance Indicators and Fatty Acid Profile of Meat and Fat

The Effect of Mixture of Rapeseed Meal, White Lupin Seed, and Pea Seed in Rabbit Diets on Performance Indicators and Fatty Acid Profile of Meat and Fat

Partial replacement of soybean meal by white lupine seeds in the diet of dairy cows.

ObjectiveAn experiment was conducted to determine the effect of partial replacement of soybean meal (SBM) by white lupine seeds (WLS) on milk yield and quality, feed efficiency and rumen fermentation of high-yielding dairy cows.MethodsThirty multiparous cows of two breeds (20 Holstein and 10 Czech Pied cows) in early mid-lactation received three diets (treatments) in a 3×3 Latin square design with a 28-d period. The dietary treatments were as follows: CON (control total mixed ration with SBM, no WLS), WLS30 (30% of the SBM was replaced, on a dry matter basis, by WLS), and WLS50 (50% of the SBM was replaced by WLS).ResultsFeed intake by the cows was not affected (p = 0.331) by the diets. Milk production decreased with increasing proportions of WLS in the diet. Cows fed WLS50 yielded approximately 1 kg/d (p<0.001) less milk than cows fed the CON diet. The proportions of milk fat (p = 0.640), protein (p = 0.507), and lactose (p = 0.709) were not altered by the diet. For milk fat, feeding with WLS50 reduced the proportion of total saturated fatty acids (p<0.001) and increased the proportion of total monounsaturated fatty acids (p<0.001), mainly through oleic acid (p<0.001). No differences were found in feed efficiency, body weight, and blood plasma metabolites between groups. Rumen ammonia-N levels tended (p = 0.087) to increase with increasing proportions of WLS in the diet, whereas no effect of diet on rumen pH was found (p = 0.558).ConclusionWe did not identify the safe range within which raw WLS can efficiently replace SBM in the diet of high-producing dairy cows. In contrast, even partial replacement of SBM by WLS favorably changed the milk fatty acid profile.

Effect of dehulled white lupine seeds on the milk production and milk composition in rabbit does and the growth performance of their litters before weaning

Effect of dehulled white lupine seeds on the milk production and milk composition in rabbit does and the growth performance of their litters before weaning

Balance of protein supplements according to the criterion of convertible protein

The main sources of vegetable protein are seeds of legumes and oilseeds, which differ as by total content as by the quality. One of the least expensive and most rapid method of assessing the quality of protein is a chemical method, based on a comparative analysis of its amino acid composition, in particular, essential amino acids (EAA), and "ideal" protein. A widespread indicator of the proximity of the protein to the ideal is the minimum period, which shows how much of it can be used by the body for plastic needs (the main exchange and ensuring of body weight gain). Obviously, the more of this (convertible) protein in the product, the better (but not more than the daily value). One of the methods of obtaining a grain product with an increased convertible protein is blending, i.e. mixing in a certain proportion of different types of protein raw materials. In this case, the content of the converted mixture may be greater than in the components, and the excess less. The article presents a methodology for calculating the proportion of convertible protein in the product, as well as a new approach to the formation of effective mixtures. On the basis of this method, the results of the calculation of such mixtures on the example of a grain product with the use of collapsed white lupine, linseed cake and ginger seeds as components are shown. In all cases, there are rational proportions of the mixture, in which its convertible protein exceeds this figure in the component. The accuracy of the calculations largely depends on the accuracy of the total protein content and EAA.

Genetic analysis of alkaloid accumulation in seeds of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)

Genetic analysis of alkaloid accumulation in seeds of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)

Photosynthetic and Seed Productivity of Lupine White Due To the Inoculation and Growth Stimulators Under the Conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

In modern conditions of agriculture, the priority direction of scientific research is the substantiation and improvement of modern agrotechnologies of growing of field crops on the basis of resource conservation and environmental safety. In this regard, the special attention is paid to the culture of white lupine, which has an important forage and agrotechnical significance. However, the potential of white lupine is not fully realized, so the issue of product process regulation remains relevant. In this regard, the formation of a powerful photosynthetic apparatus of plants and ensuring the duration of its productive work is an important scientific task. The purpose of the research was to study the effects of the use of inoculation and growth stimulator on the formation of photosynthetic and seed yield of different varieties of white lupine. In the article the effect of application of seed inoculation and growth stimulator on the formation of photosynthetic and seed productivity of lupine of white varieties Veresnevy and Makarovsky is investigated. Physiologically substantiated regulations on the use of bacterial drug and stimulator in pre-sowing treatment and in the spraying of white lupine crops have been developed. It was noted that in variants where the maximum indexes of photosynthetic performance were formed, in particular, the accumulation of dry matter, the photosynthetic potential, the content of chlorophylls a + b, and the maximum yield of white lupine seeds was observed. Thus, the highest yield of seeds of the Veresnevy variety (3.61 t / ha) and Makarivsky (3.23 t / ha) was obtained by treating seeds with the bacterial preparation Risogumin and the growth stimulator Emistim S in combination with two spraying of crops by growth stimulator Emistim S