Lupinus Albus Research Articles

Genome Assemblies of Two Ormosia Species: Gene Duplication Related to Their Evolutionary Adaptation

Ormosia is a genus of the Fabaceae family that shows a distinct evolutionary history due to its typical Asian-American tropical disjunction distribution pattern. However, both its phylogeny and biogeographic mechanisms have not been fully resolved. In addition, Ormosia species have great economic and ecological potential in the wood and handicraft (using their attractive seeds) industries, reforestation, and folk medicine (due to their flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids), making them highly valuable in research, especially from a genomic perspective. We report the genome assemblies of two common Ormosia species, Ormosia emarginata and Ormosia semicastrata, in South China, using both long and short sequencing reads. The genome assemblies of O. emarginata and O. semicastrata comprised 90 contigs with a total length of 1,420,917,605 bp and 63 contigs with a total length of 1,511,766,959 bp, respectively. Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) assessment revealed 97.0% and 98.3% completeness of the O. emarginata and O. semicastrata assemblies, respectively. The assemblies contain 48,599 and 52,067 protein-coding genes, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses using 1032 single-copy genes with 19 species indicated that they are closely related to Lupinus albus. We investigated genes related to plant hormones, signaling, the circadian rhythm, transcription factors, and secondary metabolites derived from the whole genome and tandem and proximal duplications, indicating that these duplications should play important roles in the growth, development, and defense of Ormosia species. To our knowledge, our study is the first report on Ormosia genome assemblies. This information will facilitate phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses and species breeding in the future.

Evaluation of alkaloids in yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.): New insight to genetic resources diversity and future breeding perspectives

The agronomic potential of many species, including lupins, is underutilized due to poor characterization of the genetic resources conserved by genebanks. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the seed alkaloid content and alkaloid profiles of 292 yellow lupin (YL, Lupinus luteus L.) accessions from the Polish Lupinus Collection using gas chromatography, coupled to a flame ionization detector. The YL collection showed wide diversity, as indicated by a broad range of total alkaloid content (0.0004–1.8042%) and various qualitative alkaloids compositions in specific genotypes. A statistical approach allowed comparing classes at different domestication level and identifying divergent germplasm. Wild accessions had higher total alkaloid content, dominated by lupinine, whereas domesticated accessions had lower alkaloid content and alkaloid profiles mainly composed of sparteine and ammodendrine. The study identified accessions with promising breeding potential or for detailed research, such as wild, low-alkaloid germplasm or those with only one specific alkaloid detected. Furthermore, the study assessed the “breeding progress” toward reducing the total alkaloid content of YL cultivars in comparison with two other lupin crops (narrow-leafed and white lupin). This comparative study showed the significant progress in YL, which could be caused by lupinine synthesis inhibition. Overall, the study provides advanced knowledge on YL genetic resources and highlights the importance of their comprehensive characterization.

Enhancing Soil Organic Matter Transformation through Sustainable Farming Practices: Evaluating Labile Soil Organic Matter Fraction Dynamics and Identifying Potential Early Indicators

The growing global population and increasing demand for agricultural products have exerted significant pressure on agricultural systems. As a result, soil organic matter depletion and degradation have become prevalent issues, including in regions such as South Bohemia, Czech Republic, where conventional farming practices are predominant. Soil organic matter (SOM) plays a critical role in soil health, crop productivity, and the sustainability of agricultural systems, with changes occurring in both the total and labile fractions of the organic matter pools. However, changes in the total soil organic matter carbon pool (TOC) resulting from agricultural practices occur gradually and may become evident only after several years, posing challenges for timely management adjustments. Therefore, the identification of early indicators of SOM dynamics is crucial for implementing prompt corrective actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sustainable management practices, such as cultivated crops (Pisum sativum and Lupinus albus), selected entomopathogenic and myco parasitic fungi (MEHA) (Trichoderma virens and Metarhizium brunneum), and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the labile fraction of the SOM pool (CLSOM) and identify potential early indicators. Our findings demonstrated that the type of crop and applied microorganisms (treatments) significantly affected the CLSOM in peas, and the crop growth stages affected the TOC in both pea and lupin. Growth stages also showed an impact on the CLSOM in lupin. Moreover, in both crops, the change in CLSOM correlated with changes in the SOM oxidation rate constant (k), carbon lability index (LI), carbon management index (CMI), and carbon enrichment ratio (ER). Conversely, changes in the TOC did not exhibit significant correlations, except for LI and CMI, which showed a positive correlation with the TOC in peas (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the separate application of MEHA and LAB on seeds or leaves resulted in increased SOM carbon pools compared with the combined application. The application of these beneficial microorganisms in pea and lupin crops showed potential in maintaining or increasing CLSOM, which can be assessed early through indicators such as k, LI, CMI, and ER. Contributing to the development of sustainable soil management strategies, future research should further investigate different crops and microorganisms—and the mechanisms underlying their observed relationships—and explore additional early indicators to refine and optimize sustainable agricultural practices.

A not-glycosylated isoform of γ-conglutin, a hexameric glycoprotein of Lupinus albus seed, participates in the oligomerization equilibrium

γ-conglutin (γ-C) is a hexameric glycoprotein accumulated in lupin seeds and has long been considered as a storage protein. Recently, it has been investigated for its possible postprandial glycaemic regulating action in human nutrition and for its physiological role in plant defence. The quaternary structure of γ-C results from the assembly of six monomers in reversible pH-dependent association/dissociation equilibrium. Our working hypothesis was that the γ-C hexamer is made up of glycosylated subunits in association with not-glycosylated isoforms, that seem to have ‘escaped’ the correct glycosylation process in the Golgi. Here we describe the isolation of not-glycosylated γ-C monomers in native condition by two in tandem lectin-based affinity chromatography and the characterization of their oligomerization capacity. We report, for the first time, the observation that a plant multimeric protein may be formed by identical polypeptide chains that have undergone different post-translational modifications. All obtained considered, the results strongly suggest that the not-glycosylated isoform can also take part in the oligomerization equilibrium of the protein.

A comprehensive metabolomics and lipidomics atlas for the legumes common bean, chickpea, lentil and lupin.

Legumes represent an important component of human and livestock diets; they are rich in macro- and micronutrients such as proteins, dietary fibers and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Whilst several health-promoting and anti-nutritional properties have been associated with grain content, in-depth metabolomics characterization of major legume species remains elusive. In this article, we used both gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to assess the metabolic diversity in the five legume species commonly grown in Europe, including common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), lentil (Lens culinaris), white lupin (Lupinus albus) and pearl lupin (Lupinus mutabilis), at the tissue level. We were able to detect and quantify over 3400 metabolites covering major nutritional and anti-nutritional compounds. Specifically, the metabolomics atlas includes 224 derivatized metabolites, 2283 specialized metabolites and 923 lipids. The data generated here will serve the community as a basis for future integration to metabolomics-assisted crop breeding and facilitate metabolite-based genome-wide association studies to dissect the genetic and biochemical bases of metabolism in legume species.

Impact of defatting methods on the physicochemical and functional properties of white lupin protein isolates

Impact of defatting methods on the physicochemical and functional properties of white lupin protein isolates

Characterization of White Lupin Seed Coats

White lupin (Lupinus albus L.), a winter legume crop with tremendous potential as a food crop, has been evaluated at Virginia State University for several years. This effort has developed several winter-hardy, high-yielding lines, which vary in alkaloid concentration in the seeds. Current study was conducted to characterize various component of lupin seed especially seed coat and cotyledon portion in seeds of five lupin lines (VSU-1, VSU-1X, VSU-5, VSU-10, and VSU-101). Five hundred seeds of each line were separated into seed coats and cotyledons to record relative proportions. Whole seeds, seed coats, and cotyledons were analyzed to determine concentrations of protein, fiber, fat, iron and zinc. Significant differences were observed among five lines for seed coat proportion, which varied from 22.6 to 25.6 percent. Proportions of protein (7.8, 41.6, and 34.3 percent), fiber (44.7, 1.0, and 12.2 percent), fat (1.3, 10.4, and 8.6 percent), and zinc (14.5, 61.9, and 50.8 percent) concentrations varied significantly for seed coats, cotyledons, and whole seed, respectively but not for iron concentration. Results of this study indicate that separation of seed coats from white lupin seed could be used to develop value-added products; to increase nutritional quality of white lupin seeds; and enhance white lupin’s suitability as a plant protein source.

Forage productivity of combined crops of seed oats, maize, and Sudanese sorghum with white lupine

Research aimed at the accumulation and effective use of nitrogen, its symbiotic fixation from the air by white lupine plants, by selecting the best cereal components, optimizing their ratio and methods of placement when growing in compatible crops under different fertilization systems in the Forest Steppe is insufficient. The purpose of this study was to establish the best cereal components, their ratio and methods of placement with white lupine when sowing in joint crops under different fertilizer systems to produce grass fodder in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The following methods were used: field, laboratory, mathematical-statistical, calculation-comparative. It was established that the highest productivity on the background without fertilizers (4.21-4.86 t∙ha–1 of dry matter) was provided by single-species crops of maize and white lupine, as well as their combined crops, which were formed by continuous row and strip methods, which by 2.60-3.17 t∙ha–1 of dry matter or 1.8-2.6 times more compared to crops of oats and its mixture with white lupine and by 1.13-1.58 t·ha-1 or 1.4-1.5 times more compared to crops of Sudanese sorghum and its mixture with white lupine. Through the accumulation and use of symbiotic nitrogen fixation, the productivity of lupine-oat mixtures increased from 1.90 to 2.70-3.21 t∙ha–1 of dry mass or 1.4-1.7 times, and that of lupine-sorghum – from 3.17 to 3.43-3.47 or 1.1 times. The most effective ratio of each cereal component to legume in binary intercropping was 25:75% of the sowing rate in single-species agrocenoses when dry biomass productivity was the greatest. Compared to the variant without fertilizers, the most significant (by 1.3-2.0 times) increase in the productivity of all fodder agrocenoses under study was ensured by the application of N45Р30K50, while the application of P30K50 or humigran organic fertilizer at a dose of 250 kg·ha–1 – only by 1.2-1.3 times. The research results can be used in the development of scientific and methodological recommendations and the education about the formation of highly productive agrophytocenoses for conveyor production of high-quality grass fodder for animal feeding

Results of weed surveys in greening plants

Greening crops play an essential role in Hungary's agriculture. Weeds can also cause many problems during the development of greening plants. Our research aimed to evaluate the weed control properties of greening crops sown with different germination rates. Analysis of the effect of crop rotations on weed density. Comparison of weed growth in control, fertilised and greened areas. In October of 2021, a weed survey was carried out in lupin (Lupinus albus L.), common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), oil radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus L.) and buckwheat (Fagopyrum eculentum Moench). During the weed survey, we determined the different weed species and their abundance. In terms of seed rates, the higher seed rates for lupin, oil radish, and buckwheat may be worth choosing for weed suppression. Plots in rotation III had the lowest weed incidence of all greening crops. The probable reason for this finding is that there was no prior greening in rotation III. For greening, the choice of buckwheat and oil radish will result in higher weed pressure. The most important weeds were the cereals sown before the greening crop. Fertilised plots had minimally fewer weeds than control plots. Research results show the difficulties of weed control in herbicide-free greening crops.

Reduced Antibiotic Resistance in the Rhizosphere of Lupinus albus in Mercury-Contaminated Soil Mediated by the Addition of PGPB.

The emergence of antibiotic resistance (AR) poses a threat to the "One Health" approach. Likewise, mercury (Hg) pollution is a serious environmental and public health problem. Its ability to biomagnify through trophic levels induces numerous pathologies in humans. As well, it is known that Hg-resistance genes and AR genes are co-selected. The use of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can improve plant adaptation, decontamination of toxic compounds and control of AR dispersal. The cenoantibiogram, a technique that allows estimating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of a microbial community, has been postulated as a tool to effectively evaluate the evolution of a soil. The present study uses the metagenomics of 16S rRNA gene amplicons to understand the distribution of the microbial soil community prior to bacterial inoculation, and the cenoantibiogram technique to evaluate the ability of four PGPB and their consortia to minimize antibiotic resistance in the rhizosphere of Lupinus albus var. Orden Dorado grown in Hg-contaminated soils. Results showed that the addition of A1 strain (Brevibacterium frigoritolerans) and its consortia with A2, B1 and B2 strains reduced the edaphic community´s MIC against cephalosporins, ertapenem and tigecycline. The metagenomic study revealed that the high MIC of non-inoculated soils could be explained by the bacteria which belong to the detected taxa,. showing a high prevalence of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria.

White Lupin as a New Crop for Plant Proteins

The world is demanding more protein for human consumption-increasing amounts of plant proteins are being used to meet this increasing demand. It has been estimated that global plant-based alternative protein market could swell to $162 billion in the next decade from $29.4 billion in 2020 and every tenth portion of meat, eggs, and dairy eaten around the globe by 2035 could be derived from plant proteins. White lupin (Lupinus albus L.), a legume, has been researched in Virginia for several years which has resulted in development of several winter-hardy and high yielding lines. However, concentrations of protein and relative concentrations of various amino acids in seeds of these lines are not known. Therefore, objective of this study was to characterize protein in winter-hardy lupin lines. Seeds of five winter-hardy white lupin lines grown during 2020-2021 contained about 51% protein as compared to literature values of about 35 and 24% protein in soybean and winter pea seeds, respectively. Concentrations of nine essential amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, phenylalanine, and histidine) in lupin seed varied from 1.25 to 1.41, 1.98 to 2.51, 1.12 to 1.60, 0.21 to 0.27, 1.03 to 1.28, 0.25 to 0.30, 1.22 to 1.40, 1.14 to 1.28, and 0.69 to 0.79, respectively. These concentrations compared quite well with those in soybean and winter pea seed. These results indicate that white lupin has considerable potential to meet alternative plant protein needs of manufactures and consumers.

Nutritional value of white lupin and prospects of its use in the production of food from vegetable raw materials

Relevance. Legumes are considered a wonderful food source of biologically valuable components that can positively affect many physiological and metabolic processes. Lupine flour contains valuable protein, carotenoids, vitamin E, macroand microelements, is rich in magnesium, potassium, iron. A distinctive feature of lupin flour is the complete absence of gliadin and gluten in its composition, which is especially important for people with digestive disorders, white lupin seed processing products can serve as excellent components to increase the nutritional value of food, primarily such as bakery and flour confectionery.Methods. The materials of scientific research in the field of lupin production, the biochemical composition of its seeds, the feasibility of using lupin processing products in the production of food from plant raw materials have been studied.Results. Legumes play an important role in human nutrition and are part of the traditional diet of many regions around the world. Legumes, including white lupin, contain a significant amount of protein, fiber, trace elements and many valuable phytochemicals. As part of the daily diet, they can have a beneficial physiological effect and, thus, can help in the control and prevention of diseases of civilization, such as diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis. A long-standing problem associated with legumes is a rather high content of anti-nutritional factors that can limit their biological value. According to current research, these compounds can be easily removed or reduced when processing conditions change; some of these substances may also have a positive effect on human health.

The search for commercial sweet white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) adaptive to Ethiopian growing condition seems not successful: what should be done?

The study was conducted to find new adaptive commercial sweet white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) varieties and evaluate the effect of inoculum on herbage and seed yields of white and blue lupin varieties in Ethiopia for two growing seasons in two locations. For the experiment a factorial arrangement (seven variety * two inoculation) in a randomized complete block design with three replication was used. Three sweet blue (Bora, Sanabor and Vitabor), three sweet white (Dieta, Energy and Feodora) and one bitter white local landrace lupin varieties were tested in the experiment. Analysis of variance was done using the general linear model procedure in SAS. The effects of location and inoculum were insignificant (P≥ 0.0761) on yield and yield parameters. The effect of variety was observed (P≤ 0.035) only on plant height, fresh biomass yield and thousand seed weight in both seasons except for fresh biomass yield in season two. However, its effect on other parameters was not shown (P≥ 0.134) in both growing seasons or only shown in either season. The mean dry matter yield of all varieties was 2.45 ton per ha. However, sweet blue entries performed better than white entries. The mean seed yield of blue sweet lupin entries and white local check was 2.6 ton per ha. Sweet blue and white local landrace varieties were found tolerant while, commercial sweet white lupin varieties were susceptible for anthracnose and fusarium diseases that occurred immediately after flowering. As a result imported commercial sweet white varieties failed to give seed yield. Developing adaptive, disease resistant and high yielding sweet white lupin through crossing the local and commercial varieties and looking for species specific inoculum should be the future research agendas.

Attack of the clones: Population genetics reveals clonality of Colletotrichum lupini, the causal agent of lupin anthracnose.

Colletotrichum lupini, the causative agent of lupin anthracnose, affects lupin cultivation worldwide. Understanding its population structure and evolutionary potential is crucial to design successful disease management strategies. The objective of this study was to employ population genetics to investigate the diversity, evolutionary dynamics, and molecular basis of the interaction of this notorious lupin pathogen with its host. A collection of globally representative C. lupini isolates was genotyped through triple digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing, resulting in a data set of unparalleled resolution. Phylogenetic and structural analysis could distinguish four independent lineages (I-IV). The strong population structure and high overall standardized index of association (r̅d ) indicates that C. lupini reproduces clonally. Different morphologies and virulence patterns on white lupin (Lupinus albus) and Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis) were observed between and within clonal lineages. Isolates belonging to lineage II were shown to have a minichromosome that was also partly present in lineage III and IV, but not in lineage I isolates. Variation in the presence of this minichromosome could imply a role in host-pathogen interaction. All four lineages were present in the South American Andes region, which is suggested to be the centre of origin of this species. Only members of lineage II have been found outside South America since the 1990s, indicating it as the current pandemic population. As a seedborne pathogen, C. lupini has mainly spread through infected but symptomless seeds, stressing the importance of phytosanitary measures to prevent future outbreaks of strains that are yet confined to South America.

Determining the Value of Novel Feedstuffs in Imperfect Markets, Taking Lupinus albus as an Example

Feed production and utilization are significant contributors to agricultural economic performance. Upon the market entry of new feedstuffs, livestock farmers are challenged to determine their price worthiness. In addition, transparent price formation is hampered under the conditions of new and often imperfect markets, thereby negatively impacting trade and impeding the development of sustainable markets. Therefore, this study proposes a decision support system that enables the effective valuation of novel feeds, such as white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). The proposed system is based on a linear optimization model that, by parameterizing the pricing assumption of novel feeds, determines their substitution value relative to conventional feeds. Notably, the substitution value of white lupin as a feed was found to vary significantly by animal species, production process, performance level, and cultivation year. However, with substitution values up to €557 t−1, the value of white lupin was frequently far higher than the rarely available market prices (€270 t−1, as of 12/2021), suggesting that white lupin is a novel feed that is grossly undervalued due to imperfect market conditions. Overall, the proposed system can be used for objective pricing in these cases.

White Lupine (Lupinus albus L.) Flours for Healthy Wheat Breads: Rheological Properties of Dough and the Bread Quality.

Protein-based foods based on sweet lupine are gaining the attention of industry and consumers on account of their being one of the legumes with the highest content of proteins (28-48%). Our objective was to study the thermal properties of two lupine flours (Misak and Rumbo) and the influence of different amounts of lupine flour (0, 10, 20 and 30%) incorporations on the hydration and rheological properties of dough and bread quality. The thermograms of both lupine flours showed three peaks at 77-78 °C, 88-89 °C and 104-105 °C, corresponding to 2S, 7S and 11S globulins, respectively. For Misak flour, higher energy was needed to denature proteins in contrast to Rumbo flour, which may be due to its higher protein amount (50.7% vs. 34.2%). The water absorption of dough with 10% lupine flour was lower than the control, while higher values were obtained for dough with 20% and 30% lupine flour. In contrast, the hardness and adhesiveness of the dough were higher with 10 and 20% lupine flour, but for 30%, these values were lower than the control. However, no differences were observed for G', G″ and tan δ parameters between dough. In breads, the protein content increased ~46% with the maximum level of lupine flour, from 7.27% in wheat bread to 13.55% in bread with 30% Rumbo flour. Analyzing texture parameters, the chewiness and firmness increased with incorporations of lupine flour with respect to the control sample while the elasticity decreased, and no differences were observed for specific volume. It can be concluded that breads of good technological quality and high protein content could be obtained by the inclusion of lupine flours in wheat flour. Therefore, our study highlights the great technological aptitude and the high nutritional value of lupine flours as ingredients for the breadmaking food industry.

Metabolomics and chemometrics depict the changes in the chemical profile of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) bioactive metabolites during seed germination

The current study attempts to illustrate how the chemical and biological profile of white lupine seeds varies throughout the course of various germination days using UHPLC-QqQ-MS combined to chemometrics. Abscisic acid showed maximum level in the un-germinated seeds and started to decline with seed germination accompanied by an increase in the levels of gibberellins which were undetectable in un-germinated seeds. Coumaronochromones were the most prevalent constituents detected in un-germinated seeds while day 2 sprouts showed significant accumulation of flavones. The levels of alkaloids showed significant increase upon germination of the seeds reaching its maximum in day 14 sprouts. The OPLS model coefficients plot indicated that lupinalbin D and F, apigenin hexoside, kaempferol hexoside, albine, and hydoxylupanine showed strong positive correlation to the alpha amylase inhibitory activity of the tested samples while lupinalbin A, lupinisoflavone, lupinic acid and multiflorine were positively correlated to the inhibition of alpha glycosidase activity. The results obtained indicated that seed germination has a profound effect on the chemical profile as well as the in-vitro antidiabetic activity of lupine seeds.

Co-sensitization between legumes is frequently seen, but variable and not always clinically relevant.

Food allergy to peanut and soybean, both legumes, is highly prevalent. The consumption of other legumes and legume protein isolates, some of which may be considered novel foods, is increasing. This may lead to an increase in sensitization and allergy and may pose a risk for legume-allergic (e.g. peanut and soybean) patients due to cross-reactivity. This study investigated the frequency of co-sensitization and co-allergy between legumes and the role of different protein families. Six legume-allergic patient groups were included: peanut (n = 30), soybean (n = 30), lupine (n = 30), green pea (n = 30), lentil (n = 17), bean (n = 9). IgE binding to total extracts, protein fractions (7S/11S globulin, 2S albumin, albumin), and 16 individual proteins from 10 legumes (black lentil, blue lupine, chickpea, faba bean, green lentil, pea, peanut, soybean, white bean, and white lupine) was measured by line blot. Co-sensitization varied from 36.7% to 100%. Mono-sensitization was only found in soybean (16.7%), peanut (10%), and green pea-allergic (3.3%) patients. A high frequency of co-sensitization between the 7S/11S globulin fractions of all 10 legumes and individual 7S and 11S globulins was observed. In peanut and soybean-allergic patients, co-allergies for other legumes were uncommon (≤16,7%), while in green pea, lupine, lentil, and bean-allergic patients co-allergy for peanut (64.7%-77.8%) or soybean (50%-64.7%) was frequently seen. Co-sensitization between legumes was high, but generally not clinically relevant. Co-allergy to other legumes was not often seen in peanut- and soybean allergic patients. The 7S and 11S globulins were likely responsible for the observed co-sensitization.

Physiological Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Vitamin B1 on Productivity and Physio-Biochemical Traits of White Lupine (Lupinus termis L.) Under Salt Stress

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizalfungi (AMF) have a key role in natural and agricultural ecosystems affecting plant nutrition, soil biological activity and modifying the availability of nutrients. Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is an essential coenzyme which incorporated in a wide range of plant metabolic processes. Thus, this research aimed to study the possibility of mitigating the negative effect of salinity stress on white lupine plant via using AMF and Vit B1through assessment growth, various physiological traits and yield components of the white lupine plant. AMF was added to the soil (0.0 and 7 g pot−1) and Vit B1was foliar applied to white lupine seedlings (0.0, 100 and 200 mgL−1) and watered by two levels of salinity (0.0 or 5000 mgL−1). Salinity stress (5000 mgL−1) resulted in significant reductions in growth photosynthetic pigments constituents, endogenous indole acetic acid (IAA), some elements & productivity of white lupine in comparison to control plants. While, increasing phenols, some osmolytes and sodium compared to control (plants irrigated by tap water). Adding AMF to soil with the recommended dose boosted white lupine growth, certain physiological aspects and productivity in white lupine plants under irrigation with saltwater (5000 mgL−1). Furthermore, exogenous Vit B1 treatment with 100 & 200 mgL−1not only enhanced growth and seeds productivity of white lupine plants under normal irrigation but also, improved salinity tolerance by increasing white lupine growth and productivity via inmproving photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes levels and element contents compared to their corresponding controls. Finally it could be concluded that, 200 mgL−1Vit B1 wit AMF treatment shows superiority in inducing maximum improving white lupine plant salinity tolerance.

Effect of ultrasound-accelerated debittering method on total alkaloid and total carotenoid content of lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L.) and storage stability of thermally treated lupin flours

Effect of ultrasound-accelerated debittering method on total alkaloid and total carotenoid content of lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L.) and storage stability of thermally treated lupin flours