Wheelchair Research Articles

Lessons learned from a pediatric powered mobility lending program

Purpose To evaluate children’s characteristics and impact of a powered wheelchair lending program including comparisons of diagnostic sub-groups, and validation of a predictive model of powered mobility proficiency. Methods and Materials This retrospective study included 172 children who participated in the ALYN powered mobility lending program from 3/2009-7/2022. Demographics and functional levels were measured via questionnaires; driving proficiency was evaluated when the wheelchair was returned, and parents and children were interviewed following their participation in the program. Results Two diagnostic groups were identified: cerebral palsy (CP) (n = 136, median = 9.75 yrs) and other neuromuscular diseases (NMD) (n = 30, median = 5.83 yrs). They differed significantly in the age they commenced PM training, the male/female ratio, walking ability and access mode. Fifty-seven percent of the participants with CP achieved powered mobility proficiency, a rate that was significantly lower than the 73% proficiency found for the NMD group. Four significant predictors were identified: communication, manual wheelchair operation, access mode and go-stop upon request. They predicted proficiency in approximately 80% of cases. Overall feedback from the parents and children indicated that their personal and family’s quality of life improved as a result of their child’s ability to use a powered wheelchair. Conclusions A lending program provides children with opportunities to improve mobility skills in an appropriate powered wheelchair. Children who can communicate verbally, propel a manual wheelchair, use a joystick and go-stop upon request are significantly more likely to become proficient drivers; however, many who were unable to complete these tasks also improved and even became proficient drivers.

Steering-by-leaning facilitates intuitive movement control and improved efficiency in manual wheelchairs

BackgroundManual wheelchair propulsion is widely accepted to be biomechanically inefficient, with a high prevalence of shoulder pain and injuries among users. Directional control during wheelchair movement is a major, yet largely overlooked source of energy loss: changing direction or maintaining straightforward motion on tilted surfaces requires unilateral braking. This study evaluates the efficiency of a novel steering-by-leaning mechanism that guides wheelchair turning through upper body leaning.Methods16 full-time wheelchair users and 15 able-bodied novices each completed 12 circuits of an adapted Illinois Agility Test-course that included tilted, straight, slalom, and 180° turning sections in a prototype wheelchair at a self-selected functional speed. Trials were alternated between conventional and steering-by-leaning modes while propulsion forces were recorded via instrumented wheelchair wheels. Time to completion, travelled distance, positive/negative power, and work done, were all calculated to allow comparison of the control modes using repeated measures analysis of variance.ResultsSubstantial average energy reductions of 51% (able-bodied group) and 35% (wheelchair user group) to complete the task were observed when using the steering-by-leaning system. Simultaneously, able-bodied subjects were approximately 23% faster whereby completion times did not differ for wheelchair users. Participants in both groups wheeled some 10% further with the novel system. Differences were most pronounced during turning and on tilted surfaces where the steering-by-leaning system removed the need for braking for directional control.ConclusionsBackrest-actuated steering systems on manual wheelchairs can make a meaningful contribution towards reducing shoulder usage while contributing to independent living. Optimisation of propulsion techniques could further improve functional outcomes.

Optimizing floor plans of accessible restrooms in elderly long-term care facilities: a path planning approach

ABSTRACT Navigating narrow restrooms is challenging for the elderly using wheelchairs or walkers (EUWW). Existing research focuses on the convenience of furniture use in the restroom and overlooks the convenience of mobility between furniture pieces. However, the floor plans of accessible restrooms determine the mobility path of EUWW, affecting mobility convenience. Thus, to improve mobility, floor plans should be evaluated to shorten movement distances and reduce bends. Experiments in constructed environments were expensive. This study instead proposes a novel path-planning based method for accessible restroom floor plan evaluation, simulating mobility paths in a virtual environment, and evaluating how the floor plans of accessible restrooms affect mobility and convenience. The results showed that: (1) wheelchair users, who approach the toilet from the rear, and walker users find opposite wall toilet-sink arrangements convenient. While Wheelchair users, who approach the toilet from the side or front, find it convenient if the toilet and sink are situated on different walls at a 90° angle. Toilets and sinks on the same wall are inconvenient. (2) Corner sinks and toilets reduce EUWW's turning angles. (3) The farther the sink is from the side wall, the more convenient it is for EUWW. (4) The 45° side approach is the most convenient for moving, followed by the frontal approach, and lastly the 90° approach. Theoretically, this study uses path planning algorithms, simulating the movement of EUWW with varying capabilities and offering a new perspective for barrier-free architectural design. Practically, this study provides recommendations for optimizing accessible restroom floor plans.

Quantification of the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Upper Limb Using Fuzzy Logic: A Study of Manual Wheelchair Propulsion.

For manual wheelchair users, overuse of the upper limbs can cause upper limb musculoskeletal disorders, which can lead to a loss of autonomy. The main objective of this study was to quantify the risk level of musculoskeletal disorders of different slope propulsions in manual wheelchair users using fuzzy logic. In total, 17 spinal cord injury participants were recruited. Each participant completed six passages on a motorized treadmill, the inclination of which varied between (0° to 4.8°). A motion capture system associated with instrumented wheels of a wheelchair was used. Using a biomechanical model of the upper limb and the fuzzy logic method, an Articular Discomfort Index (ADI) was developed. We observed an increase in articular discomfort during propulsion on a slope with increasing discomfort at the shoulder, elbow and wrist, due to an increase in kinetics. There was a kinetically significant change in the kinetic global ADI (22 to 25%) and no change in the kinematic. The ADI increased from 14 to 36% during slope propulsion for each joint. The quantification of the level of discomfort helps us to highlight the situations with the most high-risk exposures and to identify the parameters responsible for this discomfort.

Accessibility to the faculty of educational studies building at the University of Education, Winneba: Experience of two wheelchair users

This study focused on how two students with physical disabilities who are wheelchair users perceive accessibility to the Faculty of Educational Studies building at the University of Education, Winneba, and how they feel the challenges that come with access should be addressed. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with two out of the six undergraduate students who are wheelchair users using a semi-structured guide. The respondents were chosen on the criteria that they had spent longer years on the block in comparison to other wheelchair users, and those with physical disabilities who are not wheelchair users in first and second years were excluded on that criteria. All audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically, using narrative themes with alphabets (A and B) attached for identification of responses from the two respondents. The findings showed that students who are wheelchairs users had difficulties accessing the faculty block due to the non-availability of an elevator and a ramp for wheelchair users. The study recommends that the management of the University, the office of Dean of faculty and the Resource Centre for Students with Special needs should act to ensure the block is made accessible for all learners.

Effects of Real-Time Pressure Map Feedback on Confidence in Pressure Management in Wheelchair Users With Spinal Cord Injury: Pilot Intervention Study.

Wheelchair users with a spinal cord injury (SCI) are at a high risk for developing pressure injuries (PIs). Performing weight shifts is a primary method of pressure management for PI prevention; however, individuals with SCI may lack confidence in their abilities to perform adequate pressure relief due to their lack of sensation. Real-time seat interface pressure mapping feedback may provide partial substitution for sensory feedback such that an individual's confidence is improved. We aim to examine how confidence for pressure management by wheelchair users with SCI was impacted by providing access to real-time, on-demand seat interface pressure mapping feedback. Adults with SCI (N=23) completed self-efficacy questions addressing confidence around 4 factors related to performing weight shifts in this longitudinal, repeated-measures study. We evaluated the impact of providing standard PI prevention education and access to live pressure map feedback on confidence levels for performing weight shifts. Access to live pressure map feedback while learning how to perform weight shifts resulted in significantly higher confidence about moving far enough to relieve pressure at high-risk areas. Confidence for adhering to the recommended weight shift frequency and duration was not significantly impacted by in-clinic education or use of pressure map feedback. Confidence that performing weight shifts reduces PI risk increased most following education, with slight additional increase when pressure map feedback was added. Access to live pressure mapping feedback improves confidence about performing weight shifts that relieve pressure when provided in the clinical setting and demonstrates potential for the same in the home. This preliminary exploration of a smartphone-based pressure mapping intervention highlights the value of access to continuous pressure mapping feedback to improve awareness and confidence for managing pressure. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03987243; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03987243.

Comparative the Diurnal changes in the Cognitive abilities of Patients with Parkinson's disease, from Morning to Afternoon

Introduction: Parkinson’s Diseases is primarily caused by damage of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and accumulation of aggregated a-snucleui in specific brain stem, spinal cord, and cortical region.The loss of dopamine is predominantly severe in the putamen, which explains the motor manifestations of the disease; other dopaminergic projections are also affected and contribute to the development of cognitive impairment. Cognitive dysfunction is common in Parkinson’s disease and predicts poor clinical outcomes. It is associated primarily with pathologic involvement of basal forebrain cholinergic and prefrontal dopaminergic systems. Impairments in executive functions, attention, and visuospatial abilities are its hallmark features with eventual involvement of memory and other domains. Aim: Compare the diurnal changes in cognitive abilities of patients with Parkinson's Disease over morning versus evening Methodology: Patients were selected for this study in the sample size of 30. The Mean age group of Parkinson’s patients lie in between 60- 70 year. Random sampling was done, Collection of Data from SAM global University, Bilkheriya. In the inclusion criteria MMSE Score is equal to 25, well understand the Hindi and English language, with having normal hearing capacity. In the exclusion criteria patient with wheel chair excluded and having Severe cognitive impairments or presence of any psychiatric impairments Result: Difference in cognition on the total score of PDCRS between Morning to Evening.(<0.05).There was considerable cognitive decline seen as the day wears out Conclusions: Diurnal variation present in the subjects with Parkinson's disease seeing that there were significant variations in the scores of the patients on the cognitive rating scale from morning to evening.

Study of Citizenship Rights of the Disabled in the Field of the Urban Environment and in the Light of Afghanistan's Urban Planning Law

In light of Afghan environmental legislation and policy, the goal of this study is to analyze the citizenship rights of individuals with disabilities in the urban environment. It examines the issues faced by the disabled, particularly the physically challenged, who live in Afghanistan's cities in order to achieve this goal. The government's existing laws and regulations also include preparing for these issues. A descriptive-analytical approach has been adopted in the investigation. In this regard, the researcher has utilized the library study method to explain the concepts and give a theoretical framework to assess the course of domestic legislation after evaluating the development of domestic and international laws. This article comes to the conclusion that the physical and administrative requirements of disabled people cannot be met in Afghan cities. Think about the sidewalks. In reality, a wheelchair user is unable to use the sidewalks. Wheelchair users' rights have been violated as a result of the obstacles that the town has put in place to keep motorcycles off the pavements. Think about the sidewalks; in reality, a wheelchair user cannot utilize them. The right of wheelchair users has essentially been infringed due to the obstructions put in place by the municipality to prevent motorcycle riders from using the sidewalks. There are few organizations in the road and construction engineering sector, particularly in government departments, that have measured the essential facilities and measures for the disabled in their structures. The law of motion is one of the acknowledged tenets among philosophers. They hold the view that everything in the universe is in motion and that each living thing is gradually evolving to realize its potential. Therefore, all facets of society should have access to the amenities required for advancement. This rule applies to everyone, including those with disabilities, and the urban environment must be created and modified in a way that allows them to utilize all of its amenities. The road system in every city is what connects all of the metropolitan areas, and by making it accessible to people with disabilities, many of their difficulties are resolved. In cities, disabled persons are assessed. The necessary design requirements for people with disabilities are then presented.

Does satisfaction with the manual wheelchair have an impact on the quality of life in spinal cord injury?

Background: Customised wheelchairs are integral component for comprehensive rehabilitation and community integration for spinal cord injury (SCI) survivors, while inappropriate wheelchairs negatively impact their functional independence, mobility and quality of life (QOL). Keeping this in mind, this study aimed to determine the effects of manual wheelchair users' satisfaction on QOL in SCI.
 Methods: This cross-sectional study, which included 112 SCI, was conducted at the Paraplegic Centre, Hayatabad, Peshawar, over a period of 6 months using "Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST)" and “World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF)” as study tools.
 Results: QUEST showed a significant positive correlation with physical health (rs = 0.375; p< 0.001), social relationships (rs=0.234; p = 0.013), and environmental health (rs = 0.462; p<0.001) of QOL except psychological health, and similarly, overall health and overall QOL was positively impacted. Furthermore, overall health and environmental, social relationships, and physical domains of QOL were statistically significantly impacted by the QUEST device and service aspects.
 Conclusion: A moderate level of satisfaction among participants for both devices and services was observed, which also impacts their physical, environmental, and social domains of QOL. Therefore, steps from the key stakeholders are required to provide satisfactory appropriate wheelchairs to patients so their QOL can be improved.

Disclosure of intimate partner violence while studying positive mental health in wheelchair users: ethical dilemmas.

This case study discusses the ethical dilemmas faced by the researchers when a woman with disability voluntarily disclosed her experience of intimate partner violence during an in-depth interview on positive mental health and resilience in wheelchair users. The interviewer's role as a researcher and public health professional raised dilemmas relating to the tenets of privacy, confidentiality and nonmaleficence. Professionals working with women with disability and similar vulnerable participants should anticipate such ethical challenges around violence and discrimination that such individuals face, and strive to resolve challenges based on basic ethical tenets within a context-informed approach.

Profile of the elderly in a long-term care home in the municipality of Nanuque (MG)

Introduction: Studying the profile of institutionalized elderly people allows us to get to know their peculiarities. This serves to guide the care required. Objective: To analyze the profile of the elderly at Lar São Vicente de Paulo in Nanuque MG - Brazil. Methodology: A cross-sectional, qualitative and descriptive study using data analysis of 38 institutionalized elderly people. The data was collected by adapting a questionnaire from Scherrer et al (2019). The information is on health, epidemiological, demographic and economic profile. The daily routine was observed, such as: physical exercise, bedridden elderly, wheelchair users and elderly people who wander, in addition to pathologies. Results: Occupation of the Home: 100% are retired or pensioners; 55.2% women and 44.8% men. 34.2% were admitted by their family; 31.5% because they lived alone; 13.2% because they lost their spouse; 10.8% because of a safety risk; 5.2% because of illness and 5.2% because of a sick spouse; 63.2% are ambulant; 10.5% use a wheelchair and 26.3% are bedridden. Main illnesses: diabetes in 21% of men and 13.1% of women, hypertension in 31.5% of men and 10.5% of women, Parkinson's disease in 2.6% of men and 5.2% of women and Alzheimer's disease in 8% of men and 8% of women. The elderly do physical activities and 36% of them participate in the motor physiotherapy program. Conclusion: Most of the elderly at the Home are single women with no children and low levels of education, and men with no family ties, low incomes and low levels of education. Many suffer from diabetes, hypertension and depression, and two have degenerative diseases.

A methodology for dynamic calibration of inertial dynamometers for wheelchairs

Every day, wheelchair users face countless obstacles that make their social inclusion a real challenge. In this way, it is important that assistive technologies be constantly developed and improved. An example is the dynamometer, which helps in training to characterize the performance of the wheelchair user. In this work, we present a methodology for the dynamic calibration of an inertial dynamometer for wheelchair users, which aims to assist in the rehabilitation and to enable them to perform day-to-day activities independently. The dynamometer is placed on a structure elevated in relation to the ground, at a known height. At the upper end, a wire is attached to the dynamometer cylinder and at the lower end, a known weight is used to enforce acceleration on the cylinder. The wheelchair is placed on top of the cylinder with known different weights corresponding to the user's weight for each repetition of the experiment. The wire is then wrapped around the cylinder and the object is dropped freely, rotating the cylinder. The measurement of the system acceleration is given by an encoder. Data collected in the tests enable to get the system inertial characteristics for each applied weight, allowing to set calibration curve and to evaluate the performance when the propulsion in the dynamometer is imposed by the wheelchair user. This work describes the methodology proposed for calibrating the complete device allowing the quantification of measured values such as power, torque and speed imposed by the user. The calibration steps can be easily reproduced at a low cost and very good performance.

Fooling with Things: Affordances and Appalachian Wheelchair Users

Abstract Disability theory suggests that built environments stigmatize wheelchair users. This article explores how wheelchair users resist stigma by altering possibilities for action, or affordances, in their environments by “fooling” or “tinkering” with things. I focus on wheelchair users in the US region of Appalachia for three reasons. First, academic studies of stigma against either Appalachians or wheelchair users tend to exclude people belonging to both groups. Second, Appalachia's particular forms of tinkering can complement existing work on affordance management by disabled people. Finally, the spatial and technological distance between many Appalachian wheelchair users gives them insight into how rural settings influence the collective manipulation of affordances. Results indicate that Appalachian wheelchair users tinker with affordances in a variety of settings and with many kinds of collaborators. Although not politically motivated in most cases, their actions nonetheless expose intersecting ableism and classism in American built environments.

P365 Cycle exercise in wheelchair users with muscular dystrophy

P365 Cycle exercise in wheelchair users with muscular dystrophy

Smart Voice Activated Wheel Chair with Sensor Based Communication and Health Monitoring System for Enhanced Patient Care

The Accidents has been increasing drastically which may cause many injuries to the humans. Accidents cause the persons to become physically handicapped. This makes the persons difficult to move independently from one place to other. Guardians are required to look and take care of them for the whole day Smart Voice Activated Wheel Chair makes easier not only for the injured but also for old-aged persons to move independently. [1] Smart Voice Activated Wheel Chair move “forward”, “backward”, “left” and “right” according to the commands given by the user. This device can also provide the health condition of the patient to the guardian through GSM module. This makes easier to enhance the patient condition from any place. [2] The main objective of implementing Smart Voice Activated Wheel Chair is to reduce the designing cost and making available even for poor people to buy Smart Voice Activated Wheel Chair can make lives of physically handicapped persons easier and can overcome from the disable ness. Key Words: WHEELCHAIR, RELAYS, DC MOTOR, ARDUINO, TEMPERATURE SENSOR, PULSE SENSOR

Cases of spinal cord injury: correlation among resilience, social support and psychological well-being

Background: Spinal injuries are highly prevalent and are a major cause of disability. Studying resilience, perceived social support, and psychological well-being in persons with spinal cord injury is important for better-managing patients with spinal cord injuries. Objectives: To analyze the correlation among resilience, perceived social support, and psychological well-being in persons with spinal cord injury. Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted at Riphah International University, Lahore Pakistan from September 2019 to February 2020. The study utilized a sample of 100 patients with spinal cord injury using purposive sampling. The sample included paraplegic patients 6 months following SCI, of both genders above 18 years of age who were active wheelchair users. A demographic sheet, scale of psychological well-being, resilience scale, and multi-dimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) were used for data collection. SPSS Version 22 was utilized for data analysis & correlation was analyzed using bivariate statistics with p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study revealed a positive correlation (γ=0.57, p<0.001) between Resilience with Perceived Social Support; Resilience and Psychological well-being (γ=0.55, p<0.001); and Perceived Social Support and Psychological Well-being (γ =0.57, p<0.001). Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between resilience perceived social support and psychological well-being. Keywords: perceived social support; psychological wellbeing; resilience; spinal cord injury

Vibration Response of Manual Wheelchairs According to Loads, Propulsion Methods, Speeds, and Ground Floor Types

Manual wheelchair (MWC) users are daily exposed to vibration during propulsion. The impact of such exposure on the MWC user’s health has yet to be proven. To date, no agreement has been reached, presumably on the account of the wide variety of experimental parameters that need to be controlled. A possible solution relies on the implementation of a User/MWC model to point out the effect of propelling conditions (MWC loads, propulsion methods, speeds, and ground floor types) on the vibration exposure and eventually on the MWC user’s health. To feed such a model, the evaluation of the MWC vibration response during propulsion is required. Following a necessary MWC experimental modal analysis under laboratory conditions, this study presents the vibration response of an MWC under various propelling conditions. For each investigated condition, the identified set of modal parameters was provided and the effect on the MWC response to vibration at the User/MWC interfaces was highlighted. Results mostly underline that the response to vibration is highly dependent on the propelling conditions. The speed and the ground floor type greatly affect the vibration response: doubling speed and increasing ground surface roughness imply threefold and eightfold vibration levels, respectively. Finally, the main outcome is that an empty MWC or an MWC loaded with a dummy generates vibration outside the range measured for an MWC loaded with a human body, resulting in a lower frequency content and an almost two-fold vibration level increase. The findings of this study will help enhance the understanding of the health risks that wheelchair users encounter as a result of vibrations.

Effects of the WHO 8-step wheelchair-service-delivery process on wheelchair users in El Salvador: a cohort study

Purpose To test the hypotheses that, after the delivery of manual wheelchairs following the WHO 8-step service-delivery process, wheelchair-related health and quality of life, wheelchair skills, wheelchair use, and poverty probability would improve; and that the number of wheelchair repairs required, adverse events, caregiver burden, and the level of assistance provided would decrease. Methods This was a longitudinal, prospective within-subject study including 247 manual wheelchair users, and 119 caregivers, in El Salvador who received a wheelchair following the WHO 8-step process as well as maintenance reminders. Outcome measurements were performed via structured questionnaires and dataloggers at the initial assessment, at wheelchair delivery, and at 3- and 6-month follow-up. Results Significant improvements in wheelchair-related health indicators (all with p < 0.004) and quality of life (p = 0.001), and a significant reduction in national and “extreme” poverty probability (p = 0.004 and p = 0.012) were observed by six months. Wheelchair use significantly decreased (p = 0.011 and p = 0.035) and wheelchair skills increased (p = 0.009). Caregiver burden did not change (p = 0.226) but the number of activities of daily living (ADLs) that required no assistance significantly increased (p = 0.001) by three months and those who required complete assistance decreased (p = 0.001). No changes were observed in wheelchair repairs (p = 0.967) and breakdowns over time with new wheelchairs. Conclusions Wheelchair service delivery using the WHO 8-step process on manual wheelchair users in El Salvador has positive effects on health and quality of life, wheelchair skills, caregiver assistance levels, and poverty. Further research is needed to determine the relative contributions of the intervention components.

Understanding Wheelchair Use in Older Adults From the National Health and Aging Trends Study

ObjectiveTo identify the trends of wheelchair use and physical characteristics among older people who used wheelchairs relative to those who did not. DesignCohort and survey. SettingGeneral community. Participants7026 participants (N=7026) were selected from the 2011 cohort of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), which is made up of Medicare beneficiaries over the age of 65. Repeated observations among participants in the 2011 cohort were analyzed in the 4 following rounds: 2013 (N=4454), 2015 (N=3327), 2017 (N=2623), and 2019 (N=2091). Participants were divided into 2 groups: those who used and did not use wheelchairs. InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcomes MeasuresPhysical characteristics, including pain, strength limitation, balance problems, mobility disability, as well as the frequency of going outside. ResultsThe number of older adults who use wheelchairs had increased significantly from 4.7 per 100 people in 2011 to 7.1 in 2019 (P<.001). The logistic regression analysis indicated that participants who reported less frequently going out were at least 4.27 times more likely to be wheelchair users than non-wheelchair users (P<.01). Participants who reported health and physical problems were at least 2.48 times more likely to be wheelchair users than non-wheelchair users from 2011 to 2017 (P<.0001). Balance or coordination problems increased (24%-38%) significantly among non-wheelchair users from 2011 to 2019 (all P<.05). ConclusionsCurrent wheelchair users reported more physical difficulties and were much less likely to go outside. This lower outdoor mobility could be due to physical difficulties or potential barriers in physical and socio-cultural environments. In addition, older adults who do not use wheelchairs showed increasing physical problems over time (including balance or coordination problems). Clinicians should consider older wheelchair users’ health and physical limitations when prescribing wheelchairs.

Investigating the Accuracy of Wheelchair Push Counts Measured by Fitness Watches: A Systematic Review.

Wheelchair users face an elevated risk of metabolic syndromes due to their sedentary lifestyles.One of the methods to prevent and treat various metabolic syndromes is regular physical activity, which varies among individuals based on their abilities. Monitoring physical activity among them can be performed by using wearable physical activity monitors (WPAMs), which utilize accelerometers and algorithms to track wheelchair push counts. However, the accuracy of push count detection varies among the devices due to technological limitations. The objective of this literature review was to evaluate the accuracy of WPAMs, specifically smartwatches, in measuring physical activity in the wheelchair population. This systematic literature review followed thePreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The databases PubMed, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched in November 2022 for relevant articles. The initial search yielded 447 articles, seven of which were selected based on the inclusion criteria, which were as follows: participant ability to maneuver a wheelchair, arm- or wrist-worn WPAMs, and articles published after 2017. Among the devices studied, the Apple Watch was determined to be the most accurate calibration system for wheelchair users, with the lowest mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Each succeeding generation of the Apple Watch (first to fourth) studied was more accurate than the previous. The review demonstrates that research on wheelchair fitness tracking remains scarce andfurther studies are required to address this issue.