Well-known Names Research Articles

Studies of Musicology by Liliana Gherman

Abstract Liliana Gherman (born in 1939) is a very well-known name in music criticism in Romania, the author being professor at ‘George Enescu’ National University of the Arts of Iași. Her writings have proven that her critical thinking is in line with the style of a whole generation of Romanian musicologists, such as Elena Zottoviceanu, Clemansa Liliana Firca, Gheorghe Firca or Grigore Constantinescu to name only a few. In her double capacity of professor of Musical Forms and musicologist-analyst, Liliana Gherman has published highly professional scientific papers, detecting modern compositional techniques and promoting contemporary Romanian creations through advanced analytical methods. The book that we review -Zăbave analitice. Studii de muzicologie (Analytical Depths. Studies of Musicology) (Artes Publishing House, Iași, 2019) - comprises the first part of her work as a musicologist.

Lourenço Marques and Lisbon in João Albasini’s chronicles

The Mozambique-born journalist João dos Santos Albasini (1876–1922) is one of the most well-known names of the colonial periodical press of the Portuguese Empire. Furthermore, he is often mentioned in historiographical accounts on the birth and development of literary culture in colonial Mozambique. Albasini lived during the period of development of the port facilities in Lourenço Marques and as it underwent deep transformations in its social relations. As a main project of the capital city’s growth, the development of the port and the railways dominated urban life and the landscape, which is reflected peculiarly in Albasini’s life and writing. This article is a case study of the relationship between the colonial periodical press and port cities through analyses of a selection of his chronicles published in the newspapers O Africano (The African) (1908–18) and O Brado Africano (The African Cry) (1918–75).

Study of technological characteristics of the Health in gum® base for chewing gum

Medicated chewing gum is a convenient dosage form that allows to expand the range of medicines, ensure adherence of patients to the treatment and extend patent protection for well-known names of medicines. This article describes the technological properties of the Health in Gum® chewing gum base, which provides medicinal chewing gums with minimal addition of excipients by direct compression.

The media roller coaster: The Dawn and evolution of Multimedia Ventures in Middle East and beyond

Learning outcomes Upon completion of this case study analysis, students should be able to: perform a detailed diagnosis of an entrepreneurial venture, applying relevant strategic management tools and techniques; evaluate the effectiveness of managerial actions and decisions at different stages of organizational lifecycle; and demonstrate the importance of strategic adaptation of organizations through the deployment of viable decision-making skills. Case overview/synopsis This case describes the story of Multimedia Ventures, a small business located in the UAE that provides media solutions to cleaning and hygiene-related technology sectors. The company was founded through a partnership arrangement and later transformed into a family enterprise. The case study illustrates the firm operations from its grass root stages to being a well-known name in the cleaning industry, both within the Middle East and beyond. Since its establishment in 2008, Multimedia Ventures has embarked on a path of continuous growth with the ambition of globalizing activities to offer various media solutions to customers worldwide. To achieve this objective, the company engaged in collaborations with many international partners to facilitate the exchange of expertise and increase the scale of operations. Yet, the Managing Director of Multimedia Ventures, Mr Arjun Khatri, was currently faced with two difficult strategic decisions that were critically important for the future development of his enterprise. Complexity academic level Undergraduate courses. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

Clinical evaluation of glass ionomer with glass hybrid technology versus conventional high viscosity glass ionomer in class I cavities in patients with high caries risk: Randomized controlled trial

Aim: Glass ionomer is a well-known name in caries management and control. Meanwhile, the dark side in its history is being limited as an interim restoration inside patient mouth. The recently introduced glass ionomer with glass hybrid technology could be a new breakthrough in its future. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of glass hybrid glass ionomer compared to conventional high-viscosity glass ionomer in class I cavities in patients with high caries risk. Materials and Methods: In a split-mouth design, 31 high caries risk patients with class I cavities received randomly two pairs of restorations, either EQUIA Forte (glass ionomer with glass hybrid technology) or EQUIA Fil (conventional high-viscosity glass ionomer); both materials were applied according to manufacturer’s instructions. Restorations were evaluated at baseline (1 week) and after 1 year by two blinded assessors using Federation Dentaire Internationale criteria for assessment of dental restoration measuring (functional properties and biological properties). Results: Chi-square test was used to compare the difference between glass-ionomer restorative materials at the base line and after 1 year. A value of P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference between both materials for all tested outcomes with 100% success rate (score 1 or 2). Conclusion: Glass hybrid glass-ionomer restoration has shown clinical performance similar to conventional high-viscosity glass-ionomer restoration in class I cavities in patients with high caries risk after 1 year of clinical service.

Kyoku. Performed by Mieko Miyazaki & Suizan Lagrost by Aldo Tollini and Mieko Miyazaki

Reviewed by: Kyoku. Performed by Mieko Miyazaki & Suizan Lagrost by Aldo Tollini and Mieko Miyazaki Linda Kakō Caplan (bio) Kyoku. Performed by Mieko Miyazaki & Suizan Lagrost. Felmay Records, FY8199, released 11 2013. One CD (75 minutes). 20 pages of liner notes in English and French by Aldo Tollini and Mieko Miyazaki. (CD) $27.99. As musical tastes change over the years, it has become rarer to find a traditional hōgaku repertoire included on contemporary recordings ("traditional" here generally means works from the Edo period [1603–1867]). If asked why, [End Page 147] performers say that today's listeners (and, truth be told, some of the performers themselves) don't like the heavy classics, because they are, well, heavy. That repertoire has gradually been supplanted by contemporary genres (fusion, new age, avant-garde, and so on) and, as koto and shakuhachi have spread outside Japan, by covers of well-known Western classics, pop, rock, and other styles. (YouTube provides samples of Bach, Debussy, Lady Gaga, Deep Purple, Taylor Swift, and various Nintendo themes, to name a few.) So it was heartening to read in Kyoku's liner notes that Mieko Miyazaki and Suizan Lagrost chose to release a CD specifically featuring "virtuosic works, favorite concert pieces from the seventeenth through the nineteenth centuries." Miyazaki is a well-known name in the hōgaku world. She graduated from Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music (now known as Tokyo University of the Arts) in 1992 and since moving to France in 2005 has pushed the boundaries of koto and shamisen on numerous recordings featuring her original compositions (Asobi ni oide, East Current), covers of Western classical composers (Koto Sebastian Bach, Koto Ambient Chopin, and Koto Ambient Gymnopédie, for koto and synthesizer), and cross-cultural endeavors (Nen Nen Sui Sui [koto and erhu], Tessi Tessi [koto and Corsican voices], Saiyuki [koto with guitars, synths, mouth harp, tabla, udu, and bansuri flute]). Jean-François Lagrost, professor at the Conservatories of Kremlin-Bicêtre and Asnières near Paris, started his musical life on flute, studying with numerous teachers in genres ranging from Baroque to jazz to improv. He discovered shakuhachi in 2000 and devoted himself to his new passion, receiving both his daishihan (grand master) rank in 2014 and the stage name of Suizan. In addition to performing a honkyoku (traditional shakuhachi) repertoire, Lagrost, too, has had forays into fusion projects such as Japanistan (Afghan rubab, shakuhachi, tombak, daff). Kyoku's program is a well-thought-out presentation of the contemporary and the classical. It includes four representative Edo period pieces, each in a different but typical instrumentation. "Yaegoromo" is one of the longest, most difficult pieces of that period. This is an abridged version including instrumental sections and the final vocal part, performed in sankyoku style (chamber ensemble featuring koto, shamisen, and shakuhachi, with Miyazaki handling both koto and shamisen parts). Although it is from the early eighteenth century, there are some definite toe-tapping spots in the middle of the instrumental section as the performers brought this piece to life. One small issue is that unfortunately, due to the prominent nature of their sounds, the shamisen and the shakuhachi often overpower the koto, especially in the second "Yaegoromo" track. "Kurokami" is performed in full, with voice, shamisen, and shakuhachi and with all parts nicely balanced, other than the hajiki notes (in which the shamisen string is plucked sharply with the finger rather than [End Page 148] hit with the plectrum) being a bit strident. Finally, a shortened "Chidori no Kyoku" is performed with koto and shakuhachi (the liner notes did not indicate that this piece was abridged, whereas they did for "Yaegoromo"). The notes offer only a cursory explanation of two of the three songs' themes and none for the third; providing lyrics could have helped give listeners additional context for these three pieces. The fourth traditional piece is Lagrost's stunning rendition of the honkyoku "Yamagoe." This was one of two standout pieces on the CD for this listener. Lagrost displays to the fullest the capabilities of his instrument and his mastery of it. One senses that his experience on the flute has also informed his shakuhachi...

Thirty Years Ago, a Soviet-American Seminar Was Held in Vladivostok

Precisely thirty years ago, in June 1990, an international scientific seminar dedicated to cooperation between the countries of the North Pacific was held in the then Soviet Vladivostok. The seminar was initiated by the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. Fletcher is one of the oldest and leading international training institutions in the United States. The main inspiration for the seminar, which was supported by the Soviet Peace Committee and its Primorsky branch, was the head of the North Pacific program of the Fletcher school, Professor John Curtis Perry. The core of the participants of the ten-day seminar in Vladivostok, held in the House of Negotiations at the suburban Sanatornaya station, were students and professors of Fletcher, as well as young Soviet scholars and diplomats. There were also representatives of Japan and China. Among the Soviet participants of the seminar there were many very well-known names. These are Alexander Yakovenko (the recent Russian Ambassador to the UK, and now the rector of the Diplomatic Academy), prominent political scientist Boris Makarenko, historian and writer Konstantin Pleshakov, and historian Amir Khisamutdinov.

North Carolina’s Revolutionary Founders ed. by Jeff Broadwater and Troy L. Kickler

Reviewed by: North Carolina’s Revolutionary Founders ed. by Jeff Broadwater and Troy L. Kickler Kimberly B. Sherman North Carolina’s Revolutionary Founders. Edited by Jeff Broadwater and Troy L. Kickler. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019. Pp. [viii], 312. Paper, $29.95, ISBN 978-1-4696-5120-0; cloth, $90.00, ISBN 978-1-4696-5119-4.) In North Carolina’s Revolutionary Founders, Jeff Broadwater and Troy L. Kickler have assembled an impressive collection of essays that reflect the variety of approaches taken and attitudes held by North Carolina’s Revolutionary generation. While much historiographical attention has centered on the well-known names of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, James Madison, and others, this volume looks to their lesser-known contemporaries to unpack the lives and careers of North Carolina’s “‘ordinary founders’” (p. 1). Against the historical backdrop of federalism, the contributors have brought to life a diverse group, from the women of the 1774 Edenton Tea Party, the leaders of the Catawba and Cherokee Nations, and the free black preacher John Chavis to the more recognizable names of William Hooper, James Iredell, and Richard Dobbs Spaight Sr. While not a “comprehensive” history of Revolutionary North Carolina, the volume highlights the contributions of those who were active in the Revolution [End Page 456] or in the crafting of the Constitution (p. 17). The resulting essays reveal a wide range of opinions among the founding generation, who sought to balance the pragmatic needs and interests of nascent national and state governments with the principles of republicanism. But why North Carolina? Broadwater and Kickler point to the state’s “unique history and distinctive political culture,” which “bred in many North Carolinians an intense localism and a distrust of government in general” (p. 2). All these essays are written to better understand the types of political orders that North Carolina’s founding generation had in mind for the future of their state and nation. The first essays focus on North Carolina’s Revolutionaries. Maggie Hartley Mitchell looks at the influence of the fifty-one women who signed a petition at a gathering known as the Edenton Tea Party, situating the women’s actions against the economic backdrop of Edenton, North Carolina, and the transgression of traditional gender roles through intentional political activism. Broadwater’s essay on William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, and John Penn highlights the lack of consensus among the men who signed the Declaration of Independence and their diverse visions for the founding of a new nation. Contributions from James MacDonald and Michael Toomey look to the west. MacDonald’s work on the Catawbas and Cherokees shows how Revolutionaries attempted to woo Native Americans to support their cause against the British. The Catawbas and Cherokees weighed their options; the Catawbas chose to support the American cause in hopes of survival, while the Cherokees descended into war as a result of the generational and political split in their communities. As the Revolution came to a close, many white Americans looked westward. There, John Sevier envisioned a “‘common country’” where, according to Toomey, western landownership was the realization of the pursuit of happiness and American liberty despite the resulting loss of independence for Native Americans (p. 89). The next set of essays focus on North Carolina’s Federalist leadership at the Constitutional Convention and in the debates leading up to ratification. Jennifer Davis-Doyle investigates North Carolina’s own “Renaissance man,” Hugh Williamson, who promoted education and a strong central government (p. 114). Spaight is the subject of Karl Rodabaugh’s research, which concludes that, while Spaight’s ideas on the federal government were nothing remarkable or unique, Spaight played a key role in the founding generation. Lloyd Johnson examines Revolutionary military hero and two-time North Carolina governor Richard Caswell, whose influence led to important court reforms in the colony before the Revolution and the provision of deerskins to the Continental army during the war. Finally, Willis P. Whichard analyzes Iredell’s influential career in the era after the ratification of the Constitution and during his service on the United States Supreme Court. The strength of Anti-Federalism in North Carolina is explored in Jason Stroud’s essay on Samuel...

THE METHODOLOGY OF HISTORICAL AND ECONOMIC RESEARCH AS A FACTOR AND A MEAN OF DEMYTHOLOGIZING THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMICS IN ITS ORGANIZATIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL DIMENSION

The article reveals the modern principles of studying the history of the development of economic science from the standpoint of institutional economic theory (the unity of logical and historical approaches, the objective and the subjective, formal and real analysis, the use of narrative discourse). It is shown that the history of economic ideas is closely related to the history of economic events, and a truly scientific reflection of both processes in their contradictory combination can most fully be provided by highlighting relatively autonomous levels of analysis (the history of the life of certain individuals; the history of the development of organizations in which they carried out their scientific research, pedagogical and practical activities, and the corresponding structural units of these organizations; the history of the development of the states (localities), on the territory of which these organizations and/or these individuals were located in different periods) with the subsequent combination of the results of this analysis and corresponding generalizations. Possibilities of using the proposed principles to solve debatable issues of historical and economic content (continuity of scientific schools, linking well-known names to certain free economic zones, historical succession of structural units of external evaluation and external evaluation) are demonstrated on the example of specific individuals – well-known economists, universities’ structural units related to economics, and universities themselves. The conclusion that the ways of proving the legitimacy of certain interpretations of historical and economic process should be adequate and based on all available set of historical facts and documents, taking into account the context of the relevant historical epoch, has been substantiated. It has been stressed that the application of the proposed principles at the selected levels of research can protect against false ideas about the real history of the economy and economic thought and/or from its deliberate falsifications.

ЗАСНОВНИК МИСТЕЦТВА БАНДУРИ ПЕТРА ЛАХТЮКА НА ТЕРЕНАХ ПОВОЄННОЇ ПОЛЬЩІ

The biography of one person, a native of Volyn (now Rivne region), as in the mirror, reflects the fate of an entire generation of Ukrainian youth - and therefore of our entire nation - throughout the XX century. Ukrainian, a student at Warsaw University Panteleimon Bondarchuk, who, from the time of his participation in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army and until the end of his life, bore the well-known name (alias) Petro Lakhtiuk, is serving a horrific 12-year prison sentence in the tundra of the Arctic Circle, but miraculously - prayer and willpower remain alive. Released after the death of J. Stalin, he is revived physically and spiritually, goes to Poland, where he plunges into cultural and musical activities, creating in this country not yet known the art of bandura. For Christian love in the good heart of Peter Lakhtiuk, God rewarded him with a long and happy creative life: he lived a full 94 years (1907-2001). Being able to not fail despite the toughest of tests – that is heroism. To maintain dignity and Christian faith in the face of physical torment and psychological abuse – that too is heroic. To avoid anger and not become an outcast in a foreign country and foreign society – that is also heroism. To artfully play an instrument that is not known in the foreign place is selfless. To throw off downcast thoughts and pessimism, and instead to cultivate joy, beauty, song, and art, that is a blessing of the Holy Spirit. Such is the reality of the quiet heroism of Petro Lakhtiuk. It is quiet, because he was never a promoter of his own talents. He pulled his plow quietly, in accordance with his calling, his talent, and his dedication to hard work. He lived in a terrible time in history: during his lifetime there were two world wars – the first during his childhood and the second when he was an adult. In the newspapers, on radio broadcasts, as well as in literature, the 20th century is rightfully called a bloody century.

Classification, Characterization, and Sub-Grouping of Interstitial Cystitis

Interstitial cystitis (IC) and IC-related conditions such as painful bladder syndrome (PBS), bladder pain syndrome (BPS), and hypersensitive bladder (HSB) have a similar symptomatic profile but probably different etiologies. A reasonable classification of these diseases/conditions is mandatory for clinical and investigational progress. We reviewed definition of current terminology and recent research evidence regarding IC and related conditions to propose a sensible classification system. The condition with Hunner lesions (Hunner type IC: HIC) is obviously distinct from other categories in terms of histopathology, gene expression, and clinical management; HIC is a bladder-centric disease with heavy inflammation, epithelial denudation, and oligoclonal B cell expansion. Presence of glomerulations or mucosal bleeding after distension appears of least clinical significance. Classification should thus clearly differentiate the condition with Hunner lesions from those without Hunner lesions. The term covering patients as a whole should contain IC, since IC is historically a well-known name and used for insurance reimbursement. The proposed classification/taxonomy features an umbrella term (IC/BPS) and two sub-groups, HIC (IC/BPS with Hunner lesions) and BPS (IC/BPS without Hunner lesions). IC/BPS is convenient for the initial management of symptomatic patients, and sub-groups can categorize the patients for the specific management. The characteristic symptom profile of bladder pain, urinary urgency, and increased urinary frequency is to be collectively termed as hypersensitive bladder symptoms.

On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the southwest coast of Florida, USA.

Sixty species of hydroids, assigned to 24 families and 39 genera, are recognized and discussed in a collection of material from the southwest coast of Florida. One new species (Clytia joycei) is described from turtlegrass (Thalassia testudinum) and reported as well from the Caribbean coast of Panama. Under provisions of the First Reviser Principle in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Antennopsis nigra Nutting, 1900 is assigned precedence over its simultaneous synonym A. longicorna Nutting, 1900. Also included as a synonym of A. nigra is A. sinuosa Fraser, 1947b. The species is now assigned to Nemertesia Lamouroux, 1816, as N. nigra. Following Reversal of Precedence provisions in the code, the well-known name Halecium nanum Alder, 1859 is designated as valid and conserved as a nomen protectum, while Hydra articulata Bosc, 1797 is relegated to a nomen oblitum. The genus Monotheca Nutting, 1900 is upheld as valid on the basis of both morphological and molecular evidence. Sertularia pourtalesi Nutting, 1904, a seldom-reported species, is assigned to Dynamena Lamouroux, 1812 and recognized as distinct from D. disticha (Bosc, 1802). Calyptospadix cerulea Clarke, 1882 and Bimeria franciscana Torrey, 1902 (also known as Garveia franciscana) are taken to be conspecific, with Calyptospadix Clarke, 1882 treated as a valid genus. Confusion over the identity of Lovenella gracilis Clarke, 1882 in literature on North American hydroids is addressed, and topotypic specimens from the Chesapeake Bay region are illustrated to document characters that distinguish the species. Campanularia colombiana (Wedler, 1976) is reported for the first time outside the Caribbean coast of Colombia. The fauna studied here consists largely of species known to occur in the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic. [Zoobank URL: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4C926BE2-D75D-449A-9EAD-14CADACFFADD].

Observational constraints of a new unified dark fluid and the H0 tension

ABSTRACT Unified cosmological models have received a lot of attention in astrophysics community for explaining both the dark matter and dark energy evolution. The Chaplygin cosmologies, a well-known name in this group have been investigated matched with observations from different sources. Obviously, Chaplygin cosmologies have to obey restrictions in order to be consistent with the observational data. As a consequence, alternative unified models, differing from Chaplygin model, are of special interest. In the present work, we consider a specific example of such a unified cosmological model, that is quantified by only a single parameter μ, that can be considered as a minimal extension of the Λ-cold dark matter cosmology. We investigate its observational boundaries together with an analysis of the universe at large scale. Our study shows that at early time the model behaves like a dust, and as time evolves, it mimics a dark energy fluid depicting a clear transition from the early decelerating phase to the late cosmic accelerating phase. Finally, the model approaches the cosmological constant boundary in an asymptotic manner. We remark that for the present unified model, the estimations of H0 are slightly higher than its local estimation and thus alleviating the H0 tension.

Sergiy Prokopov: phenomenon of the creative personality

Sergiy Prokopov: phenomenon of the creative personality

Przez język ukrycia po słowo na „g”. Kim są bohaterowie czasów queer before gay?

Who (and what) was silent about the story told by heteronormative society? And how is the fragment of this story seen by “Others”? The article shows that the time of “queer before gay” includes (in Polish) not only well-known names such as: aunt or pedal, but also slang: ‘lala’ (doll), ‘przyjaciółki’ (friends), ‘siostry’ (sisters in Polish, girls in English), gays “from the outside of society”, as well as heterosexuals who got a ticket to the alternative world of the excluded. I tell this story from the perspective of the performative function of language (Althusser, Austin, Butler) and mechanisms of knowledge/power (Foucault). I focus on the activities of homosexual men encoded in their “hiding language” (sociopolitan gay). I show how the creation of the “homosexual” identity closed the community of aunts and pedals in a precisely defined form. And how camp and queering reality allowed them to function in this form. This article is thus another element of decoding the so-called language of concealment, so-called sociolect of Polish gays (aunts and pedals) and queering history of Poland (part of the queering history of Central and Eastern Europe).

Pelatihan Debat dalam Bahasa Inggris untuk Siswa SMA PGRI 6 Banjarmasin

PGRI 6 High School (SMA) Banjarmasin has common problems related to the availability of human resources and competencies to be able to manage extracurricular activities in English, especially for debating, hence students from this school have never participated in related competition activities at the local or national level. The English teaching teachers at this school are highly motivated to send representatives of students to take part in the debate competition but they have difficulties to begin preparations for this debate competition. They do not know how the recruitment and selection process for students to debate, nor have the expertise and knowledge about debate and there is no budget for the whole series of student debating activities. Banjarmasin State Polytechnic as one of the state universities in South Kalimantan which already has a well-known name in the English language debate level at local, regional and national level offers a solution to the problems of extracurricular activities in the form of debate training in English for high school students of PGRI 6 Banjarmasin. This community service activity aims to initiate extracurricular activities and improve the ability to debate in English for students of PGRI 5 Banjarmasin High School. The targeted output is the formation of a forum for partner school students to improve their English skills through debate and the selection of student representatives to participate in the debate competition. The teachers of English are expected to have knowledge of managing English extracurricular debate activities after joining the training.

Interstitial cystitis, bladder pain syndrome, hypersensitive bladder, and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome - clarification of definitions and relationships.

Interstitial cystitis and interstitial cystitis-related conditions such as bladder pain syndrome and hypersensitive bladder have a similar symptomatic profile but probably different etiologies. A meaningful classification of these diseases/conditions is mandatory for clinical and investigational progress. The condition with Hunner lesions (Hunner type interstitial cystitis) is distinct from other categories in terms of histopathology, gene expression, and clinical management. Classification should clearly differentiate the presence or absence of Hunner lesions. The term covering patients as a whole should contain interstitial cystitis, since interstitial cystitis is historically a well-known name and used for insurance reimbursement. The proposed taxonomy features an umbrella term (interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome) and two subgroups, Hunner type interstitial cystitis (with Hunner lesions) and bladder pain syndrome (without Hunner lesions). Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome is convenient for initial management, and subgroups can categorize the patients for specific management. The characteristic symptom profile is to be collectively termed as hypersensitive bladder symptoms.

The Significance of Irrational Aspect for the Formation of Relations in the “Teacher – Student – Teacher” System

The article is devoted to the significance of the irrational in education processes and to the role of teacher as an actor of psychological influence on the formation of child’s personality. Unfortunately, teacher education programs at universities do not properly introduce to the students all the aspects (including unconscious ones) of the interaction between people, in particular in the “teacher – student” system. At the same time, in the pedagogical literature there are no special works related to this issue. Psychological theories and methods of education, which are designed to form and develop a personality, can simply destroy the necessary qualities in a child that lead to his independence and self-affirmation. Teachers who are incompetent in pedagogical issues often defend themselves by appealing to the well-known names of scientists and their theories. The theories should not become a dogma and a main path in education. They should serve as an auxiliary instrument. The theory of education is obliged to revise the content and form of the organization of educational process in accordance with the understanding and sense of the rhythm of the New World, taking into account the integration of educational concepts that provide a balance of the rational and irrational in the cognitive activity of a student. This balance is necessary for the full and comprehensive development of child’s personality, for the formation of his/her identity. The author of the article believes that under the conditions of large-scale simulacrization, virtualization, digitalization of the educational space, it is necessary to strengthen the emotional component of the educational process to avoid the final elimination of the aura (W. Benjamin) of the class area from the sphere of human relations in the “teacher – student – teacher” system.

Social Consciousness in the Short Stories of Mahasweta Devi

Mahasweta Devi, a well-known name in the scenario of Indian English literature, a political and social activist worked with and for tribal and marginalized communities of eastern India throughout her life. The social conscious or aware of the problems within the society or community compels Devi to writes and protests actively against social injustice. She wants to see the change in the society, therefore takes an active role to eradicate poverty, injustice, exploitation of the subaltern. Her commitment towards the society as reflected the story ‘Little Ones', ‘Fisherman', ‘Hunt', has been highlighted in the paper.

Computer chess: From idea to DeepMind1

Computer chess has stimulated human imagination over some two hundred and fifty years. In 1769 Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen promised Empress Maria Theresia in public: “I will invent a machine for a more compelling spectacle [than the magnetism tricks by Pelletier] within half a year.” The idea of an intelligent chess machine was born. In 1770 the first demonstration was given. The real development of artificial intelligence (AI) began in 1950 and contains many well-known names, such as Turing and Shannon. One of the first AI research areas was chess. In 1997, a high point was to be reported: world champion Gary Kasparov had been defeated by Deep Blue. The techniques used included searching, knowledge representation, parallelism, and distributed systems. Adaptivity, machine learning and the recently developed deep learning mechanism were only later on added to the computer chess research techniques. The major breakthrough for games in general (including chess) took place in 2017 when (1) the AlphaGo Zero program defeated the world championship program AlphaGo by 100-0 and (2) the technique of deep learning also proved applicable to chess. In the autumn of 2017, the Stockfish program was beaten by AlphaZero by 28-0 (with 72 draws, resulting in a 64-36 victory). However, the end of the disruptive advance is not yet in reach. In fact, we have just started. The next milestone will be to determine the theoretical game value of chess (won, draw, or lost). This achievement will certainly be followed by other surprising developments.