Welfare Institutions Research Articles

Fair cost standards for social services

Current regulations in the field of social services do not allow meeting the requirements of the state standard in terms of pooling and allocating necessary resources objectively. The research aims to create a model of regional information system according an algorithm, which assumes developing a five-level classifier of social services, identifying typological groups of services providers, and applying an industry-average cost of homogeneous services. This model serves a basis for automated formation of norms that guarantee the quality of social service required by the standard. The research methodology rests on the theory of public goods and institutional economics. The methods include structural, normative, and comparative analysis. The data comes from statistical, accounting, and analytical reporting of the social welfare institutions of the Sverdlovsk oblast. Creation and practical implementation of the suggested model of digitalisation of the processes related to the development of normative regulatory measures permitted the authors to customise the existing method of formation of normative regulators of the services quality in line with the preferences of individual consumers; to ensure completeness, accuracy, and timeliness of substantiating the expenditures for fulfilling the state task by social welfare institutions and autonomous non-profit organisations of social service. The findings contribute to the research of the systemic effects of the product, spatial, and time customisation of the social welfare system

보건복지분야 도시건강 관련 연구의 동향

This paper discusses the trend of research on urban health in the disciplines of health and welfare by reviewing publications on urban health. Publications were searched using city and health related keywords in Korean Health and Welfare Institute’s open access repository. Research on urban health mainly discussed social issues, including family, housing, homelessness, socio-economic and physical environments in urban and rural areas. Local governments’ health and welfare policy budgets were also commonly addressed in studying the wellbeing of the residents in disadvantaged urban areas.
 Research on health impact assessments were found to address the broader social and environmental determinants of health in cities. As the findings illustrate, urban health research needs to continuously address those environmental and social determinants of urban health with a focus on transforming policy and governance through community empowerment.

Implementasi Kebijakan Perlindungan Anak di Kota Pekalongan

Policies about effort Protection of Children beside Constitution Number 23 of 2002 in conjunction with Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection in detail regulated by government regulations Number 59 of 2019 concerning Implementation of Coordination on Child Protection Problems with child protection The problem with child protection is that there are still many children who cannot enjoy their rights. This is proven in Central Java from the Central Java Statistics Agency (BPS) report, since 2021 there have been reports of complaints of neglected children totaling 10620 children having problems with law 451 and children who have been subject to acts of violence totaling 282. Data from the Pekalongan Dinkominfo Public Communication Team reported on January 14, 2022, there were 8 cases of violence against children. This research was conducted with the aim of explaining and analyzing the implementation of child protection in Pekalongan City Child Welfare Institutions (LKSA). This research uses a qualitative approach to solve the problems in this study, the descriptive method is related to the problems of Child Welfare Institutions (LKSA). The results explain that there are still many children with social welfare problems (PMKS) who need to get care at the Child Social Welfare Institution (LKSA) in Pekalongan City.

Social Counselling as Policy Intervention: Mediating Welfare Benefit Claims of Romanians in Berlin

This paper examines the role of non-profit organizations (NPOs) in supporting welfare benefit claims by Romanian immigrants in vulnerable situations in Berlin. The study utilizes in-depth qualitative interviews with social counsellors, language mediators, and project leads to explore the function of social counselling offices in assisting these individuals. Social counselling is analysed as both an institutionalized policy intervention and a communicative practice focused on problem-solving. The paper highlights the power asymmetry between counsellor and advice-seeker stemming from the counsellor's superior knowledge of the welfare system, and German society. Social counselling acts as a means of support for individuals to navigate complex institutional arrangements and manage risks in modern society. However, the counsellor's authoritative role in shaping communication constitutes another dimension of power asymmetry. Faced with challenges such as complex legal regulations and limited resources, social counsellors emphasize the need for advice-seekers to gradually take responsibility for their own lives and interact with welfare institutions. This encouragement of self-sufficiency (orig. Ger. Selbstständigkeit) aligns with the principles of German workfare policies. Non-cooperation from advice-seekers in the context of social counselling can be therefore seen as a form of resistance against disciplinary power within the welfare state. The paper raises concerns about the long-term effectiveness and impact of social counselling, noting also the potential for burnout among social counsellors.

Self-Education for Elementary School Orphanage Children

Independence is the ability to direct and control one's feelings in thinking and acting, being responsible, having self-confidence, and discipline. Being able to control feelings includes the child's self-control and the child's conscience when performing independent behavior. Independence in children is realized if they use their minds in making various decisions, from choosing the learning equipment they want to use, and choosing playmates, to more complicated things. Similar roles and positions through the government and private institutions, one of which is LKSA (child social welfare institution) which was developed as a professional service institution and became the choice to provide child welfare services, that is one way to keep children in good care by accommodating children. The children are in an orphanage, to help improve the welfare of children by educating, caring for, guiding, directing, and providing skills as parents in a family should do to develop children's independence.

Analisis Penanganan Masalah Anak Panti di Panti Asuhan Tunas Kasih Olayama Raya

The nuclear family is a family consisting of father, mother and children. The family is a place for children to interact in learning values through family behavior patterns and connecting children with the environment outside the home. Children are a gift from God that must be looked after, cared for, and fulfilled their needs as they should. However, not all children feel the same way that they should. For this reason, the orphanage exists as a place to accommodate children who do not feel that way. An orphanage or child social welfare institution (LKSA) according to the Indonesian Ministry of Social Affairs, is a child social welfare business institution that has the responsibility to provide social welfare services to neglected children by carrying out sponsorship and alleviation of abandoned children. Children may be considered as someone who easily forgets what they feel. However, children can also be figures who remember something that happened to them and cause resentment to arise. Therefore the handling of problems carried out against children must be carried out as they should.

Social class, disability, and institutional interactions: the case of families with disabled children in the welfare state

Research on families with disabled children has highlighted how such families experience frustration in their encounters with health and welfare services. However, less attention has been given to how these encounters are linked to social class. This article explores whether levels of cultural capital and family resources influence communication with professionals among parents of disabled children. To this end, I draw upon a longitudinal qualitative dataset of fieldwork and interview data from families in Norway. The findings show that middle-class parents could utilize experts, keep communication smooth, and persist in trying to secure services for their children without any real sense of achievement to a higher degree than working-class parents. However, neither working-class nor middle-class parents thrived in navigating these bureaucracies. This study has clear implications for policy and professionals in acknowledging how levels of cultural capital and other family resources influence the ability to endure and navigate welfare institutions.

Pemberian Mitigasi dan Pemberdayaan ODHA di Aceh melalui Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya (KDS) Seudara

This service aims to provide psychological support to Key population friends and People with HIV/AIDS (ODHA) through Peer Support Groups/Social Welfare Institutions in North Aceh. Method: carried out by direct observation and interviews with North Aceh KDS/LKS with the stages namely preparation, assessment, alternative program planning, action plan formalization, implementation, and evaluation. Results: Every North Aceh KDS/LKS administrator can act as a facilitator in motivating fellow ODHA that they need psychological support for their current health condition (with HIV status). The Implementation Phase of Activities The participation of ODHA friends who are involved in the North Aceh KDS/LKS board is expected to be able to carry out program activities that can provide support to fellow ODHA friends. The collaboration between North Aceh KDS/LKS administrators, ODHA friends, and health service facilities has been going well. namely: Assistance and Outreach to Key Populations and ODHA, Facilitating Access to Health Services, Health Talks (BBS), Social Services, ODHA Home Visits, and World AIDS Day (HAS).

Nutriative Support Strategy in the Catering of Preschool Children with the Food Intolerance

Catering in child welfare institutions, considering the individual characteristics of food tolerance, is an urgent problem. The research aims at substantiating and optimizing the preschool children diet with food intolerance scientifically. The authors assessed diets of children with food intolerance – pupils of a specialized preschool institution located in the ecologically unfavorable territory of the Sverdlovsk region. A man developed scientifical ly based diets in accordance with the physiological needs and clinical and immunological children profile. 97.8 % of the children included in the study demonstrated food intoler ance, and each child had the recommendation to exclude from 1 to 29 products. The diets developed by the immunologist in preschool had an unreasonably limited range of food products, did not meet the physiological need for energy, macronutrients, vitamins B1, B2, calcium. A man relates eggs, milk and fish intolerance to a permeability violation of the natural intestinal mucosa barriers. The diet modeling in the preschool institutions relied on the clinical and immunological studies data, adaptive-compensatory and detoxification mechanisms of food substances action. The developed hypoallergenic menu enables to optimize the diet in terms of nutrient and amino acid composition, in particular by imple menting foods with increased nutritional and biological value. A man adjusted the diet to the physiological needs of children, strengthened the protective-compensatory and detoxification orientation to reduce the morbidity risk. The initially formed elimination nutrition model in preschool leads to a protein-energy deficit, dietary fiber, B vitamins and minerals (calcium) deficiency, which affected the physical children development, and the metals elimination, decrease in the protective and adaptive body functions, worsening atopic dermatitis symptoms.

From State Warfare to State Welfare: Family Values in Leonard Freed'sPolice Work(1980)

This article examines Leonard Freed's 1980Police Work, a photobook that documents the activities of the New York City Police Department from 1973 to 1979. It contextualizes the photobook within this liminal decade after the fullness of the civil rights movement and before the rise of austerity politics. The photobook, I argue, produces a visual repertoire of policing that resolves the crisis of legitimacy faced by the NYPD during this decade, remaking the meaning of the police in the public imaginary from an agent of state warfare into an institution of state welfare. Far from simply creating photographs of policing as community care,Police Workengages in a process by which police violence is visually recoded as police benevolence. The visual politics of the family are central to this process by which we are made not to see police brutality, even when it is placed vividly on display. Ultimately, I show how, even as the camera moves between public and private,Police Workproduces an ideology of separate spheres in which the expansion of policing can find its rationalization. Ultimately, this article revealsPolice Workas a site through which to examine the intimate, yet often disavowed, entanglements between the domestic and the carceral.

Finnish care leavers‘ social inclusion during the transition to adulthood

Young people receiving aftercare services, hereinafter referred to as care leavers, are dependent on supportive and caring relationships with their family, friends, and other support networks when transitioning to independent life. According to previous research, care leavers often have low resilience, which impairs their ability to cope with challenges and leads to problems related to housing, studying, mental health, substance abuse, and somatic morbidity; these issues can impair social inclusion and increase vulnerability.The aim of this qualitative study was to describe care leavers’ experiences of social inclusion (N = 16). The participants were between 18 and 20 years of age, with twelve being women and four being men. Most of the participants had been in child welfare institutions and some in foster care. They had left out-of-home care between one and three years before the study. Data were collected during 2016 in Finland using thematic interviews, and subsequently analysed by qualitative content analysis. The care leavers described their experiences of social inclusion by discussing interpersonal relationships formed during childhood, in foster care, and later in life. Their descriptions emphasised the significance of trauma and growth and development, the ability to mend interpersonal relationships and avoid intergenerational trauma transmission, as well as the value of corrective relationships. The care leavers felt that daily activities promoted social inclusion and improved health and well-being.This research is important as it gives to care leavers a voice on their social inclusion. The results provide new insight into a vulnerable, marginally researched group with high support needs and a propensity for social exclusion. The results can be utilised to develop aftercare services that focus on strengthening care leavers’ resilience related to social inclusion, personal resources, and the ability to gather corrective experiences.

Study protocol: the pragmatic, exploratory DELTA-JU trial of the group-based multimodal DELTA intervention for abstinent adolescents with substance use disorders living in youth welfare institutions.

The DELTA intervention contains 16 weekly group sessions plus additional individual sessions and educational session for parents. It aims to reduce substance use and related problems such as substance use disorders (SUD) in adolescents. Recent results indicated positive effects in psychiatric outpatients. Conducting DELTA in youth welfare settings seems feasible, however, organizational and content adjustments such as smoking cessation elements should be added in order to reduce relapse risks and to prevent negative health consequences. The pre-registered DELTA-JU study (German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00027913) is separated into three stages: In the adjustment stage during months 1-4, we will revise the DELTA manual based on semi-structured interviews (n = 10) with personnel from youth welfare institutions specialized in serving adolescents with SUD in the study region, analyzed with content analysis. In the sampling stage during months 5-22, participants qualifying for a SUD and willing to regularly participate in the 16 weekly DELTA-JU group sessions will be enrolled to either one of two arms (cluster randomization: immediate intervention, waitlist with subsequent intervention 16 weeks later). Adolescents will be assessed at baseline and follow-up (16 weeks after first group session) with an additional pre-assessment (16 weeks before intervention starts) for the waitlist group. Assessment procedures include questionnaires and clinical interviews among others. At the same time, institutional personnel will receive a 1-day workshop on SUD-relevant topics based on the DELTA parental education group and on feedback from the qualitative interviews. Personnel will also be assessed twice with questionnaires. In the dissemination stage during months 23-24, final study evaluation results will be prepared and submitted for publication. This study will create a setting-specific manual for vulnerable adolescents suffering from SUDs, and, in many cases, from co-occurring mental disorders. If shown to be effective, DELTA-JU can be disseminated within other institutions of youth welfare.

Impact of AIDS in West Africa: The Nigerian Society

Nigeria has experienced a tremendous impact from HIV/AIDS on both a personal and societal level. The report presents a comprehensive problem overview referencing existing research, relevant literature, and expert insights. Due to HIV/AIDS, the Nigerian healthcare industry has experienced significant difficulties. With rising demand for testing, counseling, anti-retroviral medication (ART), and supportive care, the disease has strained healthcare resources. The disease has decreased production and resulted in a loss of human capital. The workforce has been impacted, which has reduced output across several industries, including agriculture. Concerns about the disease's prevalence have hurt foreign investment, preventing economic expansion and employment development. HIV/AIDS has impacted communities' social dynamics. Discrimination and stigma still exist, putting obstacles in support, treatment, and testing. The disease has put a strain on social welfare institutions, needing assistance for those who are afflicted and their families. Fighting the epidemic and lessening its effects require coordinated efforts from the government, civil society organizations, healthcare providers, and communities.

Analysis of Policy Child Welfare Institutions of Parenting Implementation in Cirebon

The background of this research is based on the results of field studies and observations regarding cases of neglect in early childhood, both in terms of parenting, giving affection, eligibility for housing, and the right of children to receive age-appropriate education services. Researchers want to dig deeper into government policies regarding mentoring and parenting programs for early childhood who experience neglect. Another objective of this study is to analyze the implementation of child social welfare services carried out by the private sector. Method This article adopts qualitative research. Specifically, it employs a case study approach. Case study is selected because it allows researchers to explore in great detail participoant's. government collaboration with the private sector in providing assistance and parenting for early childhood has been maximized in Cirebon. The government provides social workers, provides funds for social institutions, and monitors evaluations of permits and services carried out by institutions

Siblings' and parents' outlook for the prospective care for a family member with PIMD

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the approaches adopted by the parents and typically developing siblings as to the prospective care and support for a family member with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD).BackgroundWith an ever‐extending life span of persons with PIMD, it has become necessary for their parents to make arrangements for prospective care in which siblings may play an important role.MethodThe study was carried out by means of semistructured interviews held with parents and siblings of individuals with PIMD. The method used for analysis consisted in open and axial coding. Grounded theory methodology procedures served as the theoretical framework.ResultsParents commonly thought a future caregiving role would be an unfair burden to the typically developing siblings, who, in contrast, welcomed such a commitment.ConclusionsParents should not worry about the prospective care for their offspring with a disability given by their typically developing siblings. However, they should attend to the quality of communication, resolving discrepancies in the family members' perspectives on caregiving in the future.ImplicationsThese findings might offer insight for the parents and siblings of persons with PIMD as well as for social welfare institutions, social workers, and other professionals who work with children and their parents.

CHILD ABUSE IN PAKISTAN: SOCIETAL FACTORS AND ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS

Child abuse is on the rise in Pakistan and the major reason can be attributed to the unawareness of the people about religious teachings and guidelines regarding the treatment and rearing of the children. Moreover, there is an apprehension that they do not have knowledge and access to social welfare institutions working for the counselling, rescue and rehabilitation of children. One important factor may be that they are not considering the severity of the act and its implications for a child’s life, nor do they wish to address it considering its severity. A survey was conducted to seek answers to these questions and a scale was designed to get the responses. Lahore Division including Lahore, Sheikhupura, Kasur and Nankana Sahab was identified as population and 200 responses were collected and analyzed, both qualitatively and quantitatively, which reflects that generally people are aware of the rising menace of child victimization, and they take child sexual abuse as the worst form of all abuses. Majority of the respondents stated that there are injunctions in Islam regarding children and equally the similar proportion also admitted that those injunctions are not being propagated. Children are not a priority by many as gauged from the responses. Mostly of the respondents agreed that there are injunctions in Islam regarding children and mosque can play its role to bring about a change in the treatment of children by disseminating religious teachings. Research instrument was designed on personal and social level; therefore, it can be resolved through concerted efforts of individuals and institutions.

TheEU'swork‐lifebalance directive: Institutional change of father‐specific leave across member states

AbstractThis paper examines institutional change in father‐specific leave ‐ a centre‐piece of the EU's work‐life balance directive (WLBD) ‐ from the perspective of gradual institutional change. The WLBD, a highly contentious directive, represents a litmus test for the possible impact of the European pillar of social rights (EPSR), on welfare state institutions, which are responsible for the organisation, financing and delivery of social rights in member states. The analysis comprises in‐depth case studies in Denmark, Germany, France and Poland, with different combinations of family and parental leave policies prior to the WLBD. The findings reveal that the EU's directive is leading to convergence in paternity leave, but to divergence in parental leave. Our study is important because it shows that even if EU directives in social policy in principle can lead to upwards social convergence across the EU, when they are relatively weak in terms of precise constraint, for instance, for the level of remuneration for leave, this leads to differentiated integration. This could undermine the very purpose of the EPSR, which seeks to improve social rights for all citizens across the EU. Similar dynamics are likely to be present in other areas at the welfare state‐labor market nexus, such as minimum wages or platform work, where the EU is also developing regulation under the auspices of the EPSR.

Government's implicit guarantee and the credit spread of the quasi-municipal bonds

Breaking the rigid repayment of municipal investment bonds (MIBs) is essentially releasing the implicit guarantee of local governments. We analyze the effects of implicit government guarantees on MIBs’ credit spreads and find that regional economic strength, local government's financial strength, and fiscal balance have significant effects on the credit spreads of MIBs; the effects of implicit government guarantee on the credit spreads of MIBs depend on the regional economic development status; the effects of implicit government guarantee on the credit spreads are significant across different MIBs issued by public welfare institutions, quasi-public welfare institutions, and comprehensive municipal investment companies.

장애인 평생교육기관의 프로그램 평가 현황 및 개선 요구 분석

In order to find out the evaluation status and improvement needs of lifelong education programs for persons with disabilities in lifelong education institutions for persons with disabilities in Korea, this study conducted a survey targeting officials of lifelong education institutions for persons with disabilities in Korea, who operated lifelong education programs for them in the institutions and analyzed the experiences and needs of the officials regarding the program evaluation. A total of 142 people, involved in lifelong educational institutions for persons with disabilities, participated in this study, and it consisted of 53 people working in lifelong education institutions and 89 people working in welfare institutions for persons with disabilities. The main findings of the survey conducted on them are as follows. First, the officials of lifelong education institutions for persons with disabilities conducted program evaluation mainly for the purpose of finding out the satisfaction level of learners. Accordingly, the program satisfaction evaluation method was used the most, and the respondents responded that the program evaluation was performed using an in-house developed evaluation tool at the affiliated institution and used as data for internal reporting of the institution. Secondly, the officials of lifelong education institutions for persons with disabilities recognized that the lack of evaluation-related capacity of the institutions was the most urgent need for improvement, and demanded the development of standardized evaluation tools. In addition, based on the above research results, the development of standardized evaluation tools on lifelong education program for persons with disabilities, the operation of training for education officials to strengthen their professionalism, and the establishment of a system for sharing program evaluation results were discussed regarding the development of lifelong education program evaluation for persons with disabilities.

청각장애인의 심리상담 경험에 관한 현상학적 연구

The purpose of this study is to explore the types of experiences the deaf have through psychological counseling from a phenomenological perspective to solve psychological problems to achieve a better understanding of the essence of those experiences. To achieve this research purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with six deaf people who had received at least 10 psychological counseling sessions at a deaf welfare institution and analyzed using Giorgi's phenomenological research 5-step analysis method.
 In this study, the essential meaning of psychological counseling experienced by the deaf is that the hearing impaired perceive the differences and conflicts they experience as a minority in society as natural. This suggests a new perspective on problems while experiencing the decisive moment between the counselor, oneself, and third-party assistants who form a triangular alliance with an open mind that is not held back by communication barriers and prejudices. Psychological counseling for the deaf is a place where they can practice, and through small changes in counseling, they decide between two options at the end of counseling.
 This study found commonalities in the concrete and actual experiences of deaf people through psychological counseling at a psychological counseling site for deaf, which lacks study data. Therefore, it is expected that the results of this study can be used as data that can assist deaf clients with deaf psychological counseling.