Weight Values Research Articles

Impact of Crop Load on Growth, Flowering and Fruiting in Apple cv. Gala Redlum

This study assesses the influence of varying crop loads on growth, return bloom and fruiting traits with a focus on trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA)in High-Density Apple Cultivar Gala Redlum, Study was conducted at the experimental field of the Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-Kashmir, during 2021-2022.The experiment, organized in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, utilized 4-year-old "Gala Redlum" plants. The trees were hand-thinned to 4, 6, 8, 10 fruits per cm2 of TCSA, with a control group undergoing no thinning. Results indicated that the highest values for annual shoot length (36.40 cm), return bloom (111.50 flower clusters/tree), fruit length (68.49 mm), fruit diameter (75.07 mm), and fruit weight (191.62 g) in the C2 treatment (4 fruits per cm2 of TCSA). Following closely, the C3 treatment (6 fruits per cm2 of TCSA) exhibited substantial values for the aforementioned parameters. Furthermore, the S2 treatment (10-12 cm2 TCSA) recorded maximum annual shoot length (30.63 cm), return bloom (64.13 flower clusters/tree), fruit length (61.74 mm), fruit diameter (69.18 mm), and fruit weight (168.16 g). Notably, the combined treatment C2xS2 yielded the highest return bloom (114.00 flower clusters/tree) and fruit characteristics (fruit length, diameter, and weight).

The Application of Multimodal Discourse Analysis in Urban Intercultural Communication

Abstract This paper firstly analyzes the basic composition of intercultural communication ability, discusses the specific function of cultural promotion of urban tourism, and gives the promotion effect of intercultural communication on urban tourism. Secondly, the connotation of multimodal discourse analysis is given, and the technical analysis of text, audio, and visual features is carried out for the analysis of urban tourism discourse. Then, the TF-IDF algorithm is used to realize the feature extraction of tourism culture text, the MFCC algorithm is used to extract the audio features of tourism culture, and the modal classification network is used to realize the recognition of the visual features of urban tourism culture video. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the application of multimodal discourse analysis in urban cross-cultural communication, three aspects were tested and analyzed respectively. The results show that the F1 value of the TF-IDF algorithm is 0.912, which is 17.07% higher than that of the CTF-TF-IDF algorithm. When the amount of audio recognition is 5GB, the recognition time of the MFCC audio recognition method is 10.4 s. When the weight value of the visual feature extraction network is set to 1.0, the highest visual feature extraction error rate is only 3.96%. Using multimodal discourse analysis to carry out urban tourism discourse analysis can realize more comprehensive urban tourism feature extraction, help tourists strengthen their tourism perception, and then promote the enhancement of urban cross-cultural communication ability.

Метод косвенных предпочтений формирования весов критериев с многоуровневой структурой

The method of forming criterion weights in tasks of multi-criteria evaluation of objects with a multi-level structure of indicators presented in the form of a hierarchical tree, is shown. The weights values are calculated on the basis of indi-rect measurement of preferences of adjacent pairs of local weights of criteria included in the vertices of a higher level of the hierarchical tree, in the form of expert assessments in the quantitative scale of relations. The calculation of quantitative weights first comes down to lexicographic sorting by descending order of criteria importance at each level of the hierarchy that are included in the vertices of a higher level, as a result of which the number of expert compari-sons of adjacent pairs in the scale of relations is reduced. The formation of local coefficients of the criteria importance is mathematically justified and is based on a matrix with special properties. A comparative analysis of the proposed method for forming quantitative weights with the method of hierarchy analysis, the least squares method and the ap-proximation matrix method based on the matrix of paired comparisons, is given. An example is given of solving the problem of multi-criteria evaluation of combat aircraft that participated in the tender, according to the tactical and technical characteristics presented in various measurement scales.

A Novel Optimized Neural Network Model for Ink Selection in Printed Electronics

The field of Printed Electronics (PE) is experiencing significant growth in the industrial sector and generating considerable interest across various industries due to its ability to produce intricate components. The functionality of printed electronic products heavily relies on the utilization of conductive ink during the printing process, which plays a vital role in developing flexible electronic circuits and improving the communicative functionalities of objects. Selecting the right ink for printing is crucial to meet consumer requirements. However, the conventional approach to this process has been manual, labor-intensive, and time-consuming, relying on the expertise of designers. This paper presents an automated ink selection model for printed circuits. This novel method has been incorporated with Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), named PSO-MLPNN. A dataset containing material features is generated by gathering information from both literature and experimental observations. To ensure uniformity, the data undergoes preprocessing using the min-max method, which scales all features to a standardized range between 0 and 1. A four-layer MLPNN is constructed to choose the most suitable ink. The network is trained with the PSO algorithm. The bias and weight values of MLPNN are tuned using the PSO algorithm to attain high accuracy. The computed findings confirm that the ink selection is highly effective and more accurate when compared to both the standard MLPNN.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Enterprise Financial Management Based on Full-Cost Accounting Economic Management Model

Abstract The full-cost accounting economic management model plays a key role in the comprehensive evaluation of enterprise financial management. This paper first discusses the application of the full-cost accounting economic management mode, including its importance and application mode. Secondly, it constructs a comprehensive financial management evaluation index system to analyze the effectiveness of the full-cost accounting economic management mode and uses the entropy value method to calculate the weight of the indexes as well as the efficacy coefficient method to determine the financial risk level. Finally, examples are used to verify the financial management risk of the enterprise in the full-cost accounting economic management mode. The results show that the entropy value method combined with the efficacy coefficient to solve the investment risk under the accounts receivable turnover rate entropy value of 0.9523, the financing risk of the weight value of 0.2465. Through full-cost accounting economic management model can be evaluated for the level of risk of enterprise financial management so that the enterprise understands its financial development and then makes more correct business decisions.

ПОДВОИ И НОРМА НАГРУЗКИ ДЛЯ ВИНОГРАДА ЛИВИЯ

In the course of the experiment, the differentiat-ed influence of various rootstocks and the norms of the bush load with shoots on the agrobiologi-cal indicators of grapes was established. The ob-ject of research was the grapevine variety Livia, rootstocks SO4 and 41B. The studies were car-ried out in the conditions of a moderate conti-nental climate in the Central agroecological zone of viticulture of the Krasnodar region, on irrigat-ed vineyards in a covering culture. Scheme of planting bushes was 3.8×2 m. The soils are low-humus, leached powerful chernozems. The most productive were the vineyards on the rootstock 41B. The bunch size on the 41B rootstock was 1.34 times greater than on SO4, the yield capaci-ty – 1.56 and amounted to 696 g and 28.23 t/ha, respectively. The predominant influence of the 41B rootstock in comparison with SO4 on the productivity of the Livia grapes is preserved with a differentiated load of grape bushes with bunches. With a maximum load of bushes with bunches (SO4 – 33, 41B – 38 pcs./bush), their weight on the 41B rootstock was 43 % higher than on SO4, yield capacity – by 62 %, with an average load (SO4 – 27, 41B − 32 pcs./bush) – by 27 and 48 %, respectively, at minimum load (SO4 – 19, 41B – 23 pcs./bush) – by 32 and 59 %, respectively. The influence of rootstocks on the norm of bush load by shoots is not unam-biguous. Against the background of the maxi-mum number of bunches on bushes, the highest values of bunch weight and grape yield capacity on SO4 and 41B were at loads of 25 and 26 shoots/bush, average – 25 and 33 shoots/bush, minimum – 31 and 20 shoots/bush, respectively. For growing high yields and attractive sizes of bunches of table grapes of Livia variety in the Central agroecological zone of the Krasnodar re-gion, it is recommended to use rootstock 41B, the load norm of bushes with shoots of 26 and bunches of 38 pcs./ bush.

Evaluation of the Breeding Value of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykkiss) for Body Development Traits Using a Linear Model

Summary The objective of this research is to assess the breeding value of male individuals and calculate heritability values for body weight and body length at 12 months of age in the rainbow trout population in the Republic of Serbia. The study utilized data on the physical development of trout obtained through the Center for Fisheries and Applied Hydrobiology “Mali Dunav”, Experimental Estate “Radmilovac” of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade (CEFAH) Breeding Program for rainbow trout in the Republic of Serbia. The fish were raised in individual tanks under tightly controlled conditions at the CEFAH, until they reached 5 months of age. At this point, the fish were marked (with PIT tags Norway) and transferred to commercial fish farms, where monitoring of their production results continued. To estimate the breeding value for body weight and body length of rainbow trout at 12 months of age, we analyzed data collected between 2016 and 2020, which included a total of 2014 individuals. The breeding values were estimated using a sire model. The mixed model incorporated fixed effects (spawning year and sex) and a random effect for the individual sire. The heritability estimate at 12 months of age was 0.44 for body weight, and 0.45 for body length. The breeding values were estimated for 107 sires, with body weight values ranging from −37.83 to +37.83 g and body length values ranging from −14.00 to +14.00 mm. The substantial variation observed within the studied rainbow trout population suggests the potential for further genetic improvement. The high heritability values confirm that further selection can be based on the phenotype. The inclusion of high-quality and validated males in breeding programs will contribute to the enhancement of production characteristics within the existing rainbow trout population in Serbia.

Production of Dextran from Domestic Weissella cibaria Isolated

Dextran is an exopolysaccharide (EPS) of bacterial origin that is readily available in the commercial market. that is used in various industrial applications as an adjuvant, emulsifier, carrier, and stabilizer in the food and biomedical industries. Industrial production of dextran is carried out by fermentation in sucrose-rich media. Studies to optimize dextran production have shown that dextran yield varies depending on specific production conditions. This study aimed to generate dextrans Lactobacillus species were obtained from the vaginal and stool samples of healthy infants. The mucosal technique was employed to determine the biosynthesis of dextran from various isolates of Lactobacillus spp. colony assay and confirmed by isopropanol precipitation. The effects of various parameters such as sucrose concentration, nitrogen concentration, temperature, incubation time, pH, and inoculum size were studied to optimize the maximum dextran yield. In the present study, Weissella cibaria may produce dextran. Optimal conditions for dextran production are a 48-hour incubation at The experimental conditions involved maintaining a temperature of 37°C, with a sugar concentration of 10%, and a yeast extract concentration of 0.5%. The inoculum volume was set at 4%, and the pH level was maintained at 6.5. The experiment was conducted under aerobic conditions. The obtained value for dextran dry weight was 520 mg/100 ml.

Variación estacional del contenido de lípidos en Tigriopus californicus (Backer) (Copépoda, harpacticoida)

Seasonal variations of the body weight, water content and lipid amount in adult individuals of Tigriopus californicus (Backer) from peninsula Foca, Puerto Deseado (Sta. Cruz) were studied. Correlations among them were found.
 Experiences were realized during 1978 and 1979, using 100 individuals as optimun number for each test, taking them at random.
 Maximun values for body weight and for water content are observed during the spring and minimun values at the end of the summer. In relation to the lipid percentage (based in the dry weight) it reaches its maximum values during the spring, existing an inverse correlation with the former parameters.
 It was also proved the influence of the ovigerous female on the lipid content of the adult population during 1978.
 Maximun values were obtained in summer and minimum ones in spring, according to the population movement of the species (Lombardo y Pallares, 1981).
 Complementary data of nitrogen and protein percentages (based in the dry weight) during 1979 were given. In addition to the lipid and protein percentage, the calorific contenta owing to them are expressed in Kcal/g of dry weight.

Influence of Spraying Potassium, Sugar Alcohol, and Boron on Yield and Quality of Melon under Protected Cultivation

An experiment was conducted in one of the plastic houses at the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, during the spring season of 2023. The experiment was designed to investigate the effects of spraying with potassium, a combination of alcohol sugar (Sorbitol), and Boron on the yield and quality of melon under protected cultivation conditions. The study included two factors: the first factor was spraying with potassium at three concentrations: 0, 4, and 8 gm/L, and it was coded as K0, K1, and K2, respectively. The second factor was spraying with a combination of sorbitol and boron at five concentrations that were coded as T0, T1, T2, T3, and T4. Potassium was sprayed when 50% of the flowers appeared and until the fruit ripened at a rate of one spray per week. The combination of Boron and Sorbitol was sprayed on the plants at age of 6-8 true leaves with three times, two weeks interval between sprays. The experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment within a Complete Randomized Block Design with three replicates. The study showed that the second Potassium concentration K1 was superior and achieved the highest (fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, plant yield, and plastic house yield) of 1.238 kg, 3.887 (fruit plant-1), 4.827 (kg plant-1), and 5.793 (tons per house-1). This was compared to the lowest values achieved by the control plants, which were 1.100 kg, 3.533 (fruit plant-1), 3.900 (kg plant-1), and 5.386 (tons per greenhouse-1), respectively. The combination of boron and sorbitol had a significant effect on yield traits, as treatment T4 significantly achieved the highest values in fruit weight, number of fruits, and total greenhouse yield of 1.281 kg, 4.078 (fruit plant-1), 5.232 (kg plant-1) and 6.279 (tons greenhouse-1), compared to the control treatment, which gave the lowest values for the same traits of 1.109 kg, 3.243 (fruit plant-1), 3.604 (kg plant-1), and 4.324 (tons per greenhouse-1). Spraying plants with potassium, especially at level K1, led to a significant increase in fruit quality traits, including fruit pulp thickness, total sugar content, and beta-carotene content, and gave the highest values of 6.550 mm, 10.770 (%), and 10.770 (μg g-1 fresh weight), compared to the lowest values achieved by the control plants, which gave the lowest values of 35.815 mm, 0.7449 (%), and 19.300 (μg g-1 fresh weight) for the same traits, respectively. The combination of sorbitol and boron had a significant effect on fruit quality traits, as treatment T4 plants achieved the highest values for fruit pulp thickness, total sugar content, and beta-carotene content of 48.618 mm, 11.272 %, and 20.754 (μg g-1 fresh weight) compared to the lowest values achieved by the control plants, which were 48.618 mm, 9.434 %, and 19.020 (μg g-1 fresh weight) for the same traits, respectively.

Evaluation of the Growth, Yield, and Nutritional Composition of Five Newly Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Varieties Under Agro-Climatic Condition at Sulaymaniyah Governorate-Iraq

This study was carried out to evaluate the comparative performance of five tomato cultivars in the Krbchna Village/Sangaw areas of Sulaimani province-Kurdistan region, Iraq during 2021. To study yield quantity and quality parameter in tomato fruits. The cultivars were Bistansoor, Sulaimani, Braw, Bakrajo and Amad. The experimental design was complete randomized block design (CRBD) with three replicates. The Fruit weight (g), size (cm3), length (mm), diameter (mm), shape index, firmness (g), pH, TSS%, TA%, TSS/TA, M%, D.M%, juice%, pectin%, lycopene (μg/ml FJ), sugars%, and potassium%. The Bistansoor variety obtained the maximum values of fruit weight (g), size (cm3), length (mm), diameter (mm), shape index, firmness (g) and lycopene% with (147.18g, 133.33cm3, 93.05mm, 47.16mm, 1.97, 660.50g and 79.69 μg/ml FJ) respectively. Sulaimani variety achieved a higher value of TSS/TA only with (14.26). Braw variety gave a maximum value of pH and M% with (4.23 and 94.00%) respectively. Bakrajo variety gave the maximum values of pectine and K% with (4.22% and 4.64%) respectively. While Amad variety achieved the maximum values of TSS%, TA%, D.M%, juice% and sugars% with (9.20%, 0.78%, 10.34%, 72.42%, and 4.59%) respectively.

Economic evaluation of serplulimab plus chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China

ObjectiveThe ASTRUM-007 study confirmed the significant efficacy and safety of serplulimab plus chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced/metastatic, programmed cell death-ligand 1 positive oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The economics...

The Effect of Biosecurity Implementation on Mortality in Layer Chicken Farming

Biosecurity is an effort to prevent and control livestock from disease. This study aims to determine the implementation of biosecurity on mortality in the laying hen farming in the Selesai District. Research design was explanatory quantitative. The sample in this study were 55 laying hens farmers. Data collection was carried out through interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis in this study was descriptive statistics using frequency distribution tables, multiple linear regression analysis, and statistical induction inference using Spearman’s rank correlation. Isolation, sanitation, and traffic control on the farm represent the biosecurity measures that were observed. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of biosecurity was in the poor category with an average weight value of 154.3. The variables (sanitation, isolation, and traffic control) simultaneously have an influence on the mortality variable. The implementation of biosecurity and mortality is interpreted as having a positive and unidirectional relationship.

Research on Subway Harmonic Compensation Control Method Based on SSA Optimized Adaline Algorithm

To avoid a large number of harmonics generated by the subway train in the process of operation on the power grid security, the theoretical analysis and simulation experiments on the harmonics of the subway traction power supply system are carried out. Aiming at the problem of severe distortion and fluctuation of network side current at the early stage of train startup, a harmonic analysis and compensation control method based on the Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) optimized Adaline Algorithm is proposed, which can be employed to carry out real-time adaptive detection and suppression of harmonics generated by the subway traction power supply system. This method can form a closed-loop training loop with the subway system, and the sparrow search algorithm is used to optimize the initial weight value and learning rate hyperparameters of the Adaline model. Simulation results show that the proposed compensating control can reduce harmonics from 15.12% to 2.89% and the current distortion rate by up to 80.8%. Four error evaluation indexes were used to evaluate the errors before and after the optimization. This method is highly adaptive and can be employed to analyze and compensate system harmonics efficiently.

Determination of Sustainable Groundwater Conservation Zones Based on Groundwater Recharge Areas: Case Study: Denpasar City

Groundwater is a valuable resource for meeting the daily needs of humans, which continues to increase along with population growth. Therefore, it is essential to maintain groundwater properly. Groundwater management can be carried out comprehensively in groundwater basins, including determining groundwater recharge areas. This study aims to determine the location of groundwater recharge to conserve groundwater in Denpasar City to create groundwater sustainability. The geospatial analysis uses a weighting and scoring approach (Overlay Weighted Sum) to determine the groundwater recharge area. Retrieval data in the field by observing geological conditions and measuring the depth of the phreatic surface in Denpasar City. The determination of recharge and discharge areas was analyzed using the geospatial method using the ArcGIS 10.8 application using Interpolation Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). The five parameters used in this scoring assessment are lithology, rainfall, soil cover type, slope, and phreatic surface depth. The highest score obtained from the weighting of the scoring is 46, while the lowest score is 36. The recharge area is found in the weighted value of 41-46, which is in the northern region of Denpasar City. The discharge area is located at a weight value of 36-41 in the southern area of Denpasar City.

Effect of Different Natural Feeding (Blood Worm, Silk Worm, and Water Fleas) on The Growth of Betta Fish (Betta sp.)

One type of freshwater ornamental fish that is in great demand by the public is Betta fish (Betta sp.). The problem faced by Betta fish cultivation activity is inappropriate feed, for example feed with low protein content. Low protein causes slow growth in fish. This study aims to determine the effect of different natural feeds (silk worms, blood worms, water fleas, and controls) on the growth of Betta fish. The results showed that there was a significant effect (p<0.05) on the growth and specific growth rate of betta fish. However, there was no significant effect (p>0.05) of different natural feeding on the survival rate parameter. The highest result showed in treatment B (silk worm) with a weight value of 1.09 g, a length of 4.48 cm, and specific growth rate value of 1.77 ± 1.768. It can be concluded that silk worm is the best natural feeding for betta fish.

Methanolysis of African pear seed oil catalyzed with acid activated empty palm fruit bunch ash: Optimization and sensitivity analysis

This study investigated the catalytic effect of acid activated empty palm fruit bunch ash (AAEPFBA) on the transesterification reaction of Africa pear seed oil (APSO), optimization of the process and sensitivity analysis. The AAEPFBA was synthesized from waste palm fruit bunch, and modified. The activation was best achieved by adding H3PO4 acid in a ratio of 1:2 (g/ml). The modification of the catalyst increased the alkaline properties and surface area and decreased the particle size and adsorption energy. The biodiesel produced was characterized and compared with standard properties for its application Comparing the three models prediction using response surface methodology (RSM), rsm-genetic algorithm (RSM-GA) and artificial neural network (ANN), the RSM-GA model values of the process variables at temperature of 61.21°C, reaction time of 3.3 h, 10.3:1 methanol/oil molar ratio, 3.16wt% catalyst concentration, and agitation speed of 320.51 rpm gave an experimental optimal yield of biodiesel of 90.1 %. In addition, the RSM, RSM-GA and ANN statistical percentage errors (SPE) are 0.64, 0.06, and 0.29, respectively with RSM-GA having the best prediction of biodiesel yield. The novel model analysis of the process variables connection weight values of MATLAB R2015a shows that the catalyst has the highest percentage (40.7 %) of relative impact on the yield of biodiesel while the methanol/oil ratio has the least percentage contribution less than 5 %. The overall result shows that the catalyst EPFBA activated with phosphoric acid presently has high potential over other catalysts in converting APSO to biodiesel, and the application of RSM-GA tool predict the require values of the variables for maximum yield of biodiesel.

Expert System for Detection of Diseases in Layers Using Forward Chaining and Certainty Factor Methods

Inaccuracies in the process of diagnosing a type of disease result in errors in handling so that it will pose a risk of death. Accurate diagnostic process results require a high level of confidence so that the results are truly convincing. Current technological developments are making more and more mindsets for the development of information technology in the field of computerization born. One of them is an expert system. This expert system is often used to analyze disease in laying hens. The deficiency in previous research is that there is no degree of confidence so what happens is that the diagnosis often only uses the value of the expert. The role of the system user is only to select the available symptoms without giving the weighted value of the selected symptoms. This study aims to build an expert system capable of detecting symptoms in laying hens by assigning a degree of confidence to each symptom. The system is built with a combination of forward chaining techniques with a certainty factor, the weight value is based on a combination of the weight of symptoms from users and experts to anticipate conditions that are not ideal. Several stages in the research include data collection, knowledge base modeling, implementation into applications and testing. The conclusion that can be drawn from the trial results is that the system can show a maximum validity value of up to 100% when compared to manual calculations.

The value chain-based on competitiveness strategy for improvement strategy on prefab products

Prefab building construction is chosen because the construction process is faster than conventional buildings, especially in emergency situations such as the COVID pandemic. The main problem at PT XYZ in selling prefabs is the price. The price components that affect the high price are COGS prefab, expedition cost, insurance cost and installation cost. This problem needs to be evaluated starting from production costs, supply chain to installation costs in order to provide a price quote that can be below the ceiling price of the buyer or owner, which is what the research attempted to discuss. Referring to these problems, in this research the authors used a descriptive method, a case study approach with data processing and analysis techniques consisting of descriptive analysis of the company and analysis of the company's internal and external environment. The analysis, which is used to formulate strategies and the process of using them, is Value Chain analysis, SAP-LAP Analysis, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This analysis is interrelated in determining the weight on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Hierarchy to determine Strategies to improve Competitiveness Based on Value Chain on Prefab Products. The highest weight value is Improving Product Quality with a weight value of 0.433. What is meant by improving product quality is meeting quality standards. This product quality improvement starts from the quality of the vendor's product materials, the production process in the factory, the handling process during the manufacturing process, and the quality of the product.

Implementation of a Combination of Rank Reciprocal and Additive Ratio Assessment Approaches for 3D Printer Selection

With the wide selection of 3D printers available on the market, the challenge arises for consumers and businesses to choose the device that best suits their specific needs. To determine the choice, the decision-maker must know one by one the specifications of the 3D printer to be purchased, which results in making difficult decisions and requiring a long time. This research aims to implement a combination of the Rank Reciprocal and additive ratio assessment (ARAS) approaches to make it easier to determine decisions for selecting a 3D printer. The Reciprocal Rank approach provides weight values by utilizing the reciprocal or inverse principle. Meanwhile, the ARAS approach is used to obtain the best alternative by evaluating alternative rankings based on their utility function. From the case studies that have been carried out, the highest to lowest utility values are Anycubic 4Max Pro (A2) getting a score of 0.8289, Creality Ender-3 Pro (A1) getting a score of 0.6174, Anet 3D Printer ET4 Pro (A3) getting a score of 0.5510, and Mingda Magician X2 (A4) getting a score of 0.5116. The output produced by the system in the case study carried out produces the same value as the manual calculation, meaning that the ARAS method calculation in the system is declared valid. Based on usability testing, it got a score of 90%, which shows the system is suitable for use