Average Score Research Articles

Evaluation of a Fall Prevention Program to Reduce Fall Risk and Fear of Falling Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults and Adults with Disabilities.

The overarching goal of the program evaluation was to determine the reach and impact of the District-funded Safe At Home (SAH) modification program in reducing falls, fall injuries, and fear of falls among community-dwelling older adults and adults with disabilities. The SAH program has served over 6000 adults since 2016, the majority of whom are women (79%) and over age 60 (92%). Letters were mailed in September 2022 to clients (n=492) who had home modifications completed between October 2021-March 2022 inviting them to participate in a brief phone survey about program satisfaction, falls, fall location, and severity. The validated Fall Efficacy Scale (FES) was administered pre (at first visit), post (at last visit), and during the phone survey (within 6 months to 1 year of program completion) to assess fear of falling. The response rate was 55% (n=241). Older adults (n=219) and adults with disabilities (n=22) reported high program satisfaction. Most clients, 79%, did not report a fall since the completion of the home modifications. The majority of falls reported, 76%, occurred inside the home. The average evaluation FES score was 32.5 (SD=22.6, range 10-100), indicating relatively low fear of falling. Higher FES scores were associated with a greater likelihood of reporting a fall (r=0.44, p < 0.001, n=51) and older age (r = 0.17, p < 0.01).FES scores were not related to gender. Evaluation FES scores were significantly lower than the pre-FES scores, indicating a reduction in fear of falling and positive impact of the home modifications (T(107) = 5.14, p < 0.001). The client-centered SAH program demonstrates significant reductions in falls, fear of falling, and high satisfaction among clients. Recommendations include program expansion to offer other evidence-based components to reduce falls and support safe aging in place.

Valence explains how and why positive affects and negative affects correlate: A conceptual replication and extension of Diener et al.'s (1995) the personality structure of affect.

Diener et al. (1995) used a multimethod approach to test a hierarchical model of trait affect. The model suggests that specific trait affects are related to each other by two, distinct, but negatively correlated factors. We report the results of a conceptual replication study that addressed several limitations of Diener et al.'s (1995) study. We used three ethnically diverse samples which included a group of undergraduates along with both of their biological parents. As such, in terms of generalizability, we improved upon the original study which was limited to a student sample by also including middle-aged adults as targets. Most importantly, we included measures of hedonic tone to validate the interpretation of the higher-order factors as positive affect and negative affect. Also, we did not average informant ratings to model individual rating biases. Further, we used item-level indicators rather than item averages as indicators of basic affects. Our results confirm Diener et al.'s (1995) model and demonstrate that positive trait affect and negative trait affect are negatively correlated and account for the covariance among specific affects. We discuss the implications of these results in the context of personality theories that consider positive trait affect and negative trait affect as independent factors related to extraversion and neuroticism, respectively (Costa & McCrae, 1980). We argue that this model cannot account for the negative correlation between positive affect and negative affect and that further research is needed to locate affect within the Big Five model of personality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Flourishing among undergraduate nursing students: Insights from a cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia.

This study aimed to examine the factors that influence the level of flourishing among nursing students. Cross-sectional study. A multistage sampling technique was used to recruit 328 undergraduate nursing students from a nursing college. Data were collected from February to June 2023 using the Global Flourishing Study (GFS) questionnaire, which assesses six domains of flourishing and their determinants. To ensure reliability and validity, a pilot study was conducted and a thorough validation process was employed. The Flourishing Index ranged from 24.0 to 100.0, with an average score of 74.2 (SD = 14.8). Well-being, disposition and behaviour, as well as external factors, correlated strongly positively with the Flourishing Index (r = 0.741, r = 0.565, r = 0.596, all p < 0.001). The Flourishing level was significantly negatively correlated with religion (r = -0.381, p < 0.001). Married participants had a significantly negative association with flourishing (p = 0.009). Disposition and behaviour were significantly and positively associated with flourishing (p = 0.017). The regression model had goodness of fit (R2 = 0.628) and was significant overall (F = 108.703, p = 0.001). The Flourishing model was established based on well-being, external factors, religion, disposition and behaviour, and marital status. Positive correlations between flourishing and well-being, disposition and external factors suggest areas of improvement. Conversely, the negative association with religion emphasizes the necessity of culturally sensitive approaches. Future studies with larger and more diverse samples, as well as additional variables, are crucial to obtain a deeper understanding of the factors that influence flourishing among nursing students in Saudi Arabia.

A Survey on Mental Health Status in West of Iran: A Spatial Analysis

"Mental disorders clearly are among the major challenges of global health causing many concerns for health systems, health experts, and health policy makers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the mental health program in comprehensive health centers and health houses under the coverage of Ilam University of Medical Sciences in the West of Iran. The present study was conducted based on the reports obtained from the mental health program in 2019. The data were recorded into registration and evaluation forms of mental disorders with the codes 102-19-03 and 102-19-01 and then entered into the Excel software. The prevalence per 100 and 100,000 people, as well as their 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Formula 1 ROUND (Number of cases*100000/population) and Formula 2 ROUND (Prevalence ±1.96*SQRT (Prevalence *(1- Prevalence)/population). The results showed that the prevalence of depression was 19,100 [95% CI: 18999-19201] 19100), and the prevalence of anxiety was 304,66 [95% CI: 20348-30584] per 100,000 population. The highest prevalence among mental disorders was related to depression and anxiety. Considering the high average score of mental health status in people over 65 years old, it is necessary to implement measures and interventions to improve these individuals’ mental condition and upgrade their mental health."

Standardized training nurses's humanistic care practice ability: A cross-sectional survey in western China during COVID-19.

This study aims to investigate the current status and determinants of humanistic care practice abilities among standardized training nurses in China during the post-COVID-19 era, as well as to propose management strategies. A cross-sectional study. Deliberately chosen were 517 standardized training nursing students from a provincial-level training facility in western China. The respondents had a mean ± SD age of 21.23 ± 1.34 years, and 92.0% of them voluntarily opted for the nursing profession. Almost all (99.8%) respondents had at least a college degree. The standardized training nurses scored an average of (130.31 ± 14.18) on humanistic care ability, which was significantly related to some sociodemographic variables. The average scores for the five dimensions of nursing communication ability, psychological adjustment ability, moral and legal application ability, nursing aesthetic ability, and care practice ability were 30.78, 17.61, 32.23, 18 and 31.67, respectively. All these dimensions showed positive correlations with the overall score of humanistic care practice ability.

Factors that Influence Attitudes toward Advance Directives among Hemodialysis Patients.

Advance directives (ADs) are legal documents that outline a person's preferences or decisions regarding end-of-life care ahead of time. In Korea, there is insufficient awareness and knowledge about ADs among patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study explored the relationship between perceptions of a good death, knowledge about ADs, and attitudes toward ADs in this patient population. This cross-sectional survey enrolled 119 hemodialysis patients from a secondary hospital in 2021. The participants completed a self-administered questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, Spearman rank correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. The average score for perceptions of a good death among hemodialysis patients was 2.80 out of 4, with clinical symptoms identified as the most critical factor. The average scores for knowledge about ADs and attitudes toward ADs were 5.69 out of 9 and 2.79 out of 4, respectively. There was a positive correlation between perceptions of a good death and attitudes toward ADs (r=0.34, P<0.001), as well as between knowledge about Ads and attitudes toward ADs (r=0.19, P=0.037). Factors influencing attitudes toward Ads included employment status (β=0.22, P=0.011), education level (β=0.22, P=0.013), and perceptions of a good death (β=0.29, P=0.001), which accounted for 24.8% of the variance in attitudes toward ADs. A positive perception of a good death among patients undergoing hemodialysis was associated with a positive attitude toward ADs. Educational programs are needed to improve individuals' understanding of a good death and encourage the development of end-of-life care plans.

Entrepreneurial leadership style towards sustainability through agile and lean base strategy in private universities

The problem and the aim of the study. Even though previous literature in academia has focused on sustainable business practices and the impact of entrepreneurial leadership style on the sustainability of organizations, there is still a gap in the literature regarding the effects of entrepreneurship leadership on the sustainability of employees and companies. This study sought to identify the degree of the impact of entrepreneurial leadership style towards sustainability through agilebased Strategy compared to lean Strategy in private universities. Research methods. The study’s research methodology employs structural equation modeling (SEM) combined with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess and validate the measurement model and to estimate indirect effects. This methodological approach aimed at achieving a high degree of confidence by focusing on academic and administrative staff across five private institutions in Jordan. The initial collection involved 400 cases, of which 385 passed data screening and were considered valid for the analysis. Data were gathered using online questionnaires in this descriptive correlational study. Results. Findings from this study on the impact of demographic factors on sustainability and leadership styles in a sample of 400 people (later reduced to 385 after outliers and missing data were removed) shed light on the significance of gender, education level, experience, and management level. A bachelor's degree was possessed by 90.4% of respondents, and the majority of those respondents were male 55.8%. There was also a considerable representation throughout different lengths of work. By examining comments on many characteristics, including Entrepreneurship Leadership Style, Lean and Agile Strategies, and sustainability factors, the Agile Strategy stood up as the top model, achieving an average score of 3.8104. The sustainability component with the highest mean score was Economic Sustainability, which also happened to be the highest rated. Through the use of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study was able to hone down on its findings and ultimately eliminate five items based on item loadings. This resulted in a marked improvement in the new model's fit indices. This improved model outperformed the original one in terms of goodness of fit, as evidenced by a Chi-square of 584.663, RMSEA of 0.048, and CFI of 0.933. Analyzing the relationships between the Entrepreneurial Leadership Style and the sustainability outcomes via the lens of the Agile Strategy was a key finding. The importance of the Agile Strategy in improving sustainability at private institutions in Jordan was further supported by the considerable total impact of the Entrepreneurship Leadership Style on sustainability, as measured by p &lt; 0.05, which was mediated by the Agile Strategy. With important ramifications for educational organization methods, this thorough investigation highlights the usefulness of the Agile Strategy in moderating the leadership influence on sustainability. Conclusion. Research shows that private universities in Jordan are more likely to be sustainable when entrepreneurial leadership is in place, and that agile strategy has a stronger impact on this than lean strategy. This highlights the significance of adaptive leadership strategies for promoting long-term viability in higher education. Based on the results, it would be wise to investigate how various leadership approaches affect sustainability in different types of educational settings. This study paves the way for future research in the field of higher education and beyond to investigate the wider effects of entrepreneurial leadership and strategy on the long-term viability of organizations.

Kepraktisan Game Edukasi Berbasis Wordwall pada Pelajaran IPAS Bab 1 Kelas IV SDN 41 Pontianak Utara

The research carried out intends to develop educational games in learning activities based on wordwall games created for grade IV science and science lessons at SDN 41 North Pontianak which fulfill the requirements to assist with learning evaluation activities in the Merdeka curriculum. This research method is an RnD method with the model namely ADDIE. This research data was obtained by involving 1 class with 25 class IV students at State Elementary School 41 North Pontianak, 1 media and material expert validator and 1 media and material expert validator again. The techniques for collecting data in this research are observation, interviews and questionnaires. The results after the research show that the process of developing wordwall-based educational games in science lessons in class IV elementary schools has gone through 4 stages of the ADDIE model research from the 5 stages. Wordwall game development product validity activities produced very valid criteria with an average score of 82.81% for the material aspect and 91.91% with very valid criteria for the media aspect. After carrying out practicality, the results obtained were that the wordwall-based educational game developed had a practicality level of 93.7% in the "very practical" category so that the media was declared very suitable and practical for use in the classroom learning process.

Developing Descriptive Writing Materials by Using Padlet Application in the Tenth Grade Students at SMK AL Washliyah 3 Medan

The aim of this research is to develop descriptive writing material, determine the validation of descriptive writing material and to increase the effectiveness of descriptive writing material by using the padlet application in teaching writing for class X students at SMK AL Washliyah 3 Medan. The research was carried out using the Development Research method, and the evaluator was an English subject teacher, and the subjects were class X students. Pre-test and post-test were carried out to determine the effectiveness of the results. The pre-test results obtained an average score of 70.15% in the satisfactory category; The post-test results show an average score of 82.15% in the very good category. The process of developing teaching materials includes three aspects of assessment: 1) development of descriptive writing materials; 2) validation of descriptive writing material and; 3) effectiveness of descriptive writing materials. Material expert validation includes content with an average score of 3.15% and percentages 4.35% in the superior category. Feasibility of presenting teaching materials has an average score of 5.67% in the superior category, and linguistic elements have an average score of 4.25% in the superior category. The conclusion shows that the design for developing descriptive text teaching materials using a scientific approach in English subjects is very effective.

Multidisciplinary Decision-Making-ITAlian Consensus After Two Years of Real Practice on the Management of Severe Uncontrolled CRSwNP by Biologics (ITACA Study).

We aimed to reach an Italian multidisciplinary consensus on some crucial aspects of treatment decision making in CRSwNP, following 2years of clinical experience in order to support specialists in the management of CRSwNP in clinical practice. We addressed issues relating to therapeutic decision-making and shared criteria for the treatment choice, as well as appropriate timing and criteria for evaluating treatment response, and highlighted the need for repeated multidisciplinary assessments. A national survey has been conducted recently to understand how rhinology practice has changed in Italy with the advent of biologics and how this affects patients with uncontrolled, severe CRSwNP. Despite the many published consensus documents, practical recommendations, and protocols on the use of biologics in CRSwNP, heterogenous behaviors in practice are still observed mainly conditioned by the novelty of the topic. The consensus procedure followed a modified Delphi approach. The scientific board included 18 otorhinolaryngologists and 8 allergists, who selected the 4 main topics to be addressed and developed overall 20 statements. Consensus on these statements was sought by a larger group of 48 additional experts, through two rounds of voting, the first web-based, the second in presence with discussion and possible refinement of the statements. The statements reaching an average score ≥ 7 at the second voting round were approved. Five statements were proposed for each of the following topics: baseline evaluation of patients eligible for biologic therapy; choice between different therapeutic options; assessment of the response to biologic treatment; multidisciplinary management. At the first voting round, 19 out of the 20 statements reached a mean score ≥ 7. Following the discussion and a few consequent amendments, at the second round of voting all the 20 statements were approved.

Features of the educational strategy of school graduates when entering regional universities in Russia

Introduction. With the change of generations, changes in the socio-economic conditions of life, global processes affecting local levels, the previously habitual mechanisms for the functioning of social institutions, in particular, education, also change. Restrictions on entry into the higher education system generate competition for state-funded places, and the USE mechanism is a key way to select the most talented and capable applicants. School graduates find other ways to universities because of the competitiveness and complexity of the Unified State Exam, along with the traditional trajectory of entering a university. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the educational strategies that Russian school graduates choose, the factors that determine this choice, and the problems that give rise to the variety of educational trajectories of graduates. Materials and methods. The study was conducted using an online survey among first-year students of two Volgograd universities – Volgograd State University and Volgograd State Technical University in October 2022 (N=527), the task of representation by gender and age was not set. Methods: analysis of sources, online survey, scaling, mathematical statistics (calculation of arithmetic mean), analysis of frequency distributions, analysis of contingency tables. Results. The quality of preparation for the USE is provided not only by general education schools, but also by various forms of additional education, tutors, courses, online schools. The overall level of USE results in the Volgograd region, based on average values, fluctuates in the range of 45-55 points out of 100, while the average scores for admission to the studied Volgograd universities, which were included in the study area of the authors, are 66.4 and 68.7 points, and in the capital - much higher. However, as the analysis of empirical data shows, the decision to enter a university is made on the basis of a wider range of factors, including the territorial location of the university, family traditions, and the socioeconomic status of the family. A rational approach to the implementation of the educational strategy gives rise to the so-called. "transit" trajectory of entering the university after college graduation. Admission to an institution of secondary vocational education can be an intermediate stage (for example, the share of college graduates in full-time departments of universities in Volgograd is 13%, in Russia – about 21%), or be the ultimate goal of the educational trajectory. Conclusion. Admission to a university after the 11th grade brings to the fore the quality of education in schools and preparation for the Unified State Exam, as a tool for the competitive selection of applicants applying for state-funded places at a university. Entering a university after graduating from college is not the most popular strategy, but it avoids the procedure for passing the exam, since admission is based on the results of the university's internal exams. Entering college after the 11th grade is a forced measure and reflects the problems of limited access to higher education on a budgetary basis, competition among applicants, poor preparation for the Unified State Examination, low level of family well-being, etc.

Measurement by applying internet financial reporting on the level of information presentation in the competitive FinTech peer-to-peer lending industry

&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;Technological advances in the financial sector can certainly support the business decision-making process. Moreover, digital financial technology such as FinTech is a competitive industry that has both peer-to-peer (P2P) and merchant pillars. The industry must update its business activities through its information media. One of them is internet-based financial reporting or better known as internet financial reporting (IFR). IFR itself is a delivery of financial information that is carried out in real time and can be easily seen by the wider community by using the website as a medium. This study aims to determine whether the application of IFR to FinTech P2P Lending companies in Indonesia has been widely implemented or not. Later the variables used in this study are content, appearance, and timing with a total of 20 indicator variable items to be tested. The results of this paper show that 30 P2P lending FinTech Industries in Indonesia have been able to implement IFR with an average score of 80%. IFR scores obtained by each industry have almost the same value ranging from 65% to 95% with the highest total score of 95% and the lowest score of 65%.&lt;/span&gt;

Development of Science Learning E-Module with Online Media on Water Pollution Matter in Lake Tondano

Water pollution in Lake Tondano is closely related to science subjects in junior high school on environmental pollution matter. This research aims to produce science learning e-modules on water pollution in Lake Tondano with online media that are feasible and effective. This type of development research refers to the Borg and Gall development model. Data collection techniques used interviews, questionnaires, and tests. The research instruments used interview sheets, product validation questionnaires, product practicality questionnaires, and learning outcomes tests. The results showed that: (1) the validity test by learning media experts obtained a score of 94%, included in the very valid category (no need for revision); (2) the validity test by material experts showed a score of 91% included in the very valid category (no need for revision); (3) limited trials in small groups showed a score of 88% included in the very practical category; and (4) the average score of student learning outcomes of 77% included in the effective category. Based on the research that has been conducted, the science e-module with online media on water pollution material in Lake Tondano is declared feasible and effective for students to use.

MULTILEVEL REGRESSIONS FOR MODELING MEAN SCORES OF NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

National Exam known as UN score is the final evaluation to determine the achievement of national graduate competency standards in the school. The determinants of the achievement of the standards can’t be separated from the role of schools and local governments in which this regard is known as nested. In the field of statistics, this phenomenon can be described with a multilevel model, where level-1 is the school while level-2 is the district where the school is located. Several multilevel models are used to describe the phenomenon, the result shows that the two-level regression model without interaction is selected as the best model and the variables which affect the UN average scores significantly at level-1 are school status , the ratio between laboratories and students , while the variable at level-2 is expenditure per capita of district/city . From this study, that educational institutions' steps in achieving a graduation standard can be right on the target.

Türkiye’s Educational Journey: Evaluating the Skills of Mathematics, Science, Reading, and Foreign Language in The Light of International Competition

Education has always been significant for sustainable development all around the world. However, it is not possible to achieve development without considering the international standards in this globalized world. Countries can be successful only if they interact with other societies without losing their cultural identities. The European Union is an organisation that fosters cooperation and harmony among countries for development. In this context, it has identified four main areas and sixteen indicators for these areas in order to improve the quality of education. Being one of the candidate countries, Türkiye has declared will to harmonize with the educational policies suggested by the European Union. Therefore, the question of how compatible and competitive Türkiye’s education system has become with international standards remains on the agenda in today’s world of increasing international competition in every area. In this line, this study aims at analysing the current situation of Turkish education system according to four key indicators, which are mathematics, science, reading skills and foreign language. For this purpose, the study employs the method of document analysis. Therefore, we analysed PISA 2022 report and EF EPI (EF English Proficiency Index) 2023 report in this line. The study findings show that Türkiye ranks 39th with an average score of 453 in mathematics, 34th with an average score of 476 in science, and 36th with an average score of 456 in reading skills among 81 countries in PISA 2022. Also, Türkiye ranks 66th among 113 countries with an EF EPI score of 493 in English.

Learned helplessness and anxiety among a sample of primary school students with learning difficulties

Introduction. In primary education, understanding the psychological experiences of students with learning difficulties is of utmost importance. Among the various psychological factors that can impact their well-being, learned helplessness and anxiety have been identified as significant contributors. Learned helplessness refers to a state of perceived powerlessness and a belief that one's actions do not influence their outcomes. Coupled with anxiety, it can create a debilitating cycle that hinders academic progress and emotional well-being. This study explores the relationship between learned helplessness and anxiety among a sample of primary school students with learning difficulties. By shedding light on these interrelated factors, this research seeks to provide insights that can inform targeted interventions and support strategies to enhance the educational experiences and overall well-being of students facing learning challenges. Aim. This study aimed to identify the level of learning disability and anxiety among primary school students with learning difficulties in the Karak governorate in Jordan. Materials and methods. The study followed the descriptive survey approach, and the study sample consisted of (150) students from the fifth basic class students in the Karak governorate in Jordan, and to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the learning disability scale and anxiety scale. The results. Students were found to have significant levels of learning impairment, with 19 questions rated as "very difficult" or "very difficult to do." These items revealed students' difficulties with group work tasks, emotions of hopelessness, and perceptions of their own weakness. In one set of data, the statement "I cannot engage in activities of a group work nature" got a mean score of 3.99 and a standard deviation of 1.21. In fact, only 3 items obtained average ratings, with "I avoid tough chores and duties" receiving the lowest score (mean = 3.60, standard deviation = 1.31). High levels of anxiety were also reported by students, with the highest levels being related to problems concentrating and breathing (mean anxiety scores of 4.57 and 4.47, respectively). Traditional teaching methods, overcrowded classrooms, family upbringing, and the educational environment are all hypothesised to contribute to the elevated anxiety levels seen in students with learning impairments. Pervasive difficulties affecting the students' well-being and educational experiences are indicated by the mean scores of 3.78 (SD = 1.12) and 3.89 (SD = 1.08) for learning disability and anxiety, respectively. Conclusions. Primary school kids in Karak governorate, Jordan, who were having difficulty learning found to have high levels of acquired helplessness and anxiety, indicating severe emotional suffering, according to this study. It was speculated that factors such as traditional teaching methods, overcrowded classrooms, parental involvement, and the general educational atmosphere all played a role. The results highlight the immediate need for educational method improvements and the provision of holistic support to lessen the effect of these psychological obstacles on students, with the ultimate goal of bettering their educational experience and general well-being. In light of these findings, it is imperative that educators, politicians, and carers reevaluate and restructure the current educational and support systems to better accommodate students with learning impairments.

Augmented Reality in 4D Flashcard: The Effects in Teaching Speaking Skill

The use of augmented reality of 4D flashcard is one of the media that supports teaching English, especially in speaking skills, it can also increase students' confidence and interest in learning. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of augmented reality in 4D flashcard can improve students ' speaking skills. This study used a pre-experimental method with one group pre-test and post-test design. The sample of this study was Class XI MIPA 3 consisting of 34 people with classroom random sampling techniques. This research instrument was a test of speaking skills. The results of this study showed that there was an increase in the students’ average score. The pre-test score of students (55.37) is greater than the post-test (71.03). In the significance level p (5%) and T-test value of 2.03 is greater than T-table 16.46 (2.03 ° 16.46). Thus, it can be concluded that the use of augmented reality of 4D flashcard students were able to improve students’ speaking skills. So, the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted.

Description of the Ability to Arrange Assessments According Curriculum 2013 on Chemistry PPG SM3T Student

The curriculum 2013 experienced a shift in the assessment process, which is from the assessment of results to the assessment process. In the process of carrying out the assessment, many complaints that arise in the field including the difficulty in determining the assessment of various aspects both cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. Researchers are interested in knowing how the ability of PPG SM3T Chemistry Education’s Students as a prospective professional teacher in compiling an assessment based on curriculum 2013. The research purposes were to describe the ability of PPG SM3T Chemistry Education’s Students in compiling an assessment based on curriculum 2013. The methode of the research was descriptive with study case involved 16 students of PPG SM3T Chemistry Education in the 2018/2019 school year. The research instrument was in the form of an assessment rubric with 10 aspects of assessment, one of which contained HOTS questions. The results of the data analysis showed that the ability of PPG SM3T Chemistry Education in compiling HOTS questions was classified as less skilled with an average score 67.19% whereas when viewed from all aspects of the preparation of the assessment based on curriculum 2013 it was classified as skilled with an average score 84.89%.

Implementation of a Group Quiz Format in an Introductory Meat Science Course

Collaborative learning methods are increasing in popularity as a way of improving student performance and involvement in undergraduate courses. For this study, a group quiz format was used in an to attempt to improve course grades and engagement in an introductory meat science course. Six group quizzes and six individual quizzes were taken by 70 students during two semesters of the course. For group quizzes, students were randomly assigned to groups of three to four students and given ten minutes to complete the quiz individually followed by three minutes to discuss the quiz and change answers. At the end of the semester, students completed a Likert item questionnaire concerning their opinions on the quiz format. The average scores were not different between the two quiz types in both semesters. Group quizzes also did not improve exam scores or overall course grades for the students. Even though average performance was not improved, students highly preferred the group quizzes to the individual quizzes and valued the exercise.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONSTRUCTIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT MODELS IN LEARNING LISTENING SKILLS TO IMPROVE COLLEGE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES

Objective study this is for know effectiveness of environmental models study constructive in learning skills listen . Method study this use type quantitative quasi experiment (experiment pseudo) with nonequivalent control group design. Study this conducted at Eleven March University as group control and Semarang State University as group experiment with using a learning model environment Study constructive. Instrument study this consists from instrument test and non- test . Instrument the test form test essay college students, meanwhile instrument non-test form interviews, questionnaires, observations. Data analysis techniques are used for know appropriateness instrument study form validity and reliability, for test condition data analysis in the form of normality and homogeneity tests, as well as for test hypothesis using sample t test paired and sample t test independent test. Research result shows the class t test experiment shows the environmental model study constructive proven effective. The results of the t test analysis stated that the average posttest score for the UNS (control) group was 80.25 and the average score group Unnes (experimental ) of 87.19, there is the average difference in data is 6,942. The t-test value is 3.936 and is significant of 0,000. That figure show significant numbers (0.000 &lt; 0.05) are meaningful there is significant difference use of environmental models study constructive to the group experiment more effective with acquisition figure 87.19 compared group control. Therefore that, based on findings research, use of environmental models study constructive in learning skills listen more effective and possible increase results study student.