Weight Percentage Of SiC Research Articles

Study of Wear Properties of Recycled Composite Zn-Al Alloy Reinforced with Hybrid Nanoparticles

In this research, the stir casting technique used to produce ZA-12 alloy hybrid composites reinforced by nanoparticles (SiC and BN) with different weight percentages. Pin on disk used for the wear test for ZA-12 alloy and its composites. It is found that the nanoparticles improved the hardness and the wear properties of alloys. Since nanoparticles impede dislocations movement, causing an enhancement in the mechanical properties. The microstructure and the phases formed were analyzed using an optical microscope with various magnifications. SEM analysis denotes the uniform distribution of the different weight percentages of SiC and BN nanoparticles in the based alloy, which explains the improvement in the wear properties.

PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION OF EDM FOR Mg/SiCp COMPOSITE USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

Magnesium is reinforced with three different weight percentages (5%, 10% and 15%) of SiC particles (200 mesh size) by stir casting technique to fabricate Mg/SiCp composites. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images, micro and macro hardness of three different composites are investigated. The comparison of micro and macro hardness clearly shows that increase in the weight percentage of SiC contributed to increase in hardness. However, uniform dispersion of SiC can be achieved while adding 5% SiC in the composite. Then, the Box Behnken experimental design in response surface methodology is employed for machining 3[Formula: see text]mm diameter hole in the Mg/SiCp samples using EDM. The second-order model for Material Removal Rate (MRR) and Tool Wear Rate (TWR) are developed with the influencing parameters of weight percentage of SiC, current, pulse on time and pulse off time. The parameter optimization yields maximum MRR and minimum TWR.

Effect of SiC Weight Percentage on Tribological Characteristics of Al7075/SiC Composites

In aerospace and automobile industries, because of high strength and excellent anti-wear properties, aluminium silicon carbide composites are widely used. Hence, the current work investigates the tribological characteristics of powder metallurgy processed Al7075-x wt.% SiC (x = 10,15 and 20) composites using pin-on-disc equipment. Taguchi’s orthogonal array and analysis of variance are employed to study the effects of input parameters and their levels on output responses. The current study reveals that the wear loss decreases and increases when the reinforcement Wt.% changes from 10 to 20. It is also observed that the wear loss increases with an increase in load. The coefficient of friction increases with an increase in wt.% of reinforcement and sliding distance. The composite with 15 Wt.% SiC exhibits less coefficient of friction and wear loss. The wear effect was determined through morphological studies of worn out surface and worn out debris. The major influencing factors that control wear loss are sliding distance and load. The major influencing factors for coefficient of friction are % reinforcement and sliding distance. SEM analysis revealed that delamination and abrasion are the two-prominent wear mechanisms observed on worn-out surfaces of the specimens.

Investigations on Al 7075 /nano-SiC/ B4C hybrid reinforcements using liquid casting method

Aluminum-based metal matrix nanocomposites are advanced materials established for light-weight and greater strength applications in the automotive industry due to excellent wear resistance and higher stiffness. In this work, light-weight aluminum alloy enhanced with SiC with varying weight portions (1, 2, 3, and 4%) and a consistent weight percent of boron carbide (3%) with a typical particle size of 50 nm was selected and fabricated by casting procedure. The impact of enhancement of different weight percentages of SiC and B4C particle reinforcement on microstructure, mechanical, and wear properties has been studied. Tensile strength and microhardness are enhanced, while the density and the percentage of elongation are minimized. Compared to the base alloy, a 4% weight percentage of SiC/B4C reinforced composites improve 10% increase in tensile strength and microhardness. The 4 wt% of SiC/ B4C reinforced composites showed a 5% decrease in density and a reduction of 12% in elongation. Microstructural analysis was carried out using SEM to identify the particles' uniform distribution in the light-weight aluminum matrix.

Effect of arc current on SiC fabrication from rice husk ash and diatomite in electric arc discharge furnace

AbstractSilicon carbide (SiC) was synthesized from Vietnamese rice husk ash and diatomite via the Acheson process in a graphite electric arc furnace. In this type of furnace, arc current generates temperature and therefore effect on the formation of SiC. The influence of arc current at 100, 150 and 200 A was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, XRD and Raman spectroscopy were performed to analyze the formation of SiC materials. Results showed the weight percentage of SiC in the synthesized product increased as the arc current increased.

Tribological Properties of Spark Plasma Sintered Al-SiC Composites.

The paper presents the results of research on the tribological properties of spark-plasma-sintered Al-SiC composites. Composites with contents of 50 and 70 wt.% SiC were prepared. The sintering process was carried out using an HP D 25/3 spark plasma sintering furnace under vacuum, at the sintering temperature of 600 °C and compaction pressures of 50 and 80 MPa, respectively. The heating rate was 100 °C/min and the holding time was 10 min. Composites with a density of 91–100% were obtained. The tribological properties of the composites were evaluated based on weight loss and the coefficient of friction using a block-on-ring tribotester. Along with the weight percentage of SiC and compaction pressure, the sliding distance, and load during the tribological test were considered. Both the weight percentage of SiC and compaction pressure affected the tribological behavior of Al-SiC composites. It was found that the wear resistance was higher when a lower compaction pressure and a smaller amount of reinforcing phase (50 wt.%) were used.

Compressive strength and wear properties of SiC/Al6061 composites reinforced with high contents of SiC fabricated by pressure-assisted infiltration

Pressure-assisted infiltration was used to synthesize SiC/Al 6061 composites containing high weight percentages of SiC. A combination of PEG and glass water was used to fabricate SiC preforms and the effect of the presence of glass water on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the preforms was evaluated by performing compression tests on the preforms. Also, the compressive strength and the hardness of the SiC/Al composites were investigated. The results revealed that the glass water improved the compressive strength of the preforms by about five times. The microstructural characterization of the composites showed that the penetration of the aluminum melt into the preforms was completed and almost no porosity could be seen in the microstructures of the composites. Moreover, the composite containing 75 wt% SiC exhibited the highest compressive strength as well as the maximum hardness. The results of the wear tests showed that increasing the SiC content reduces the wear rate so that the Al-75 wt% SiC composite has a lower wear rate and a lower coefficient of friction than those of Al-67 wt% SiC composite. This indicated higher wear resistance in these composites than the Al alloy due to the formation of a tribological layer on the surface of the composites.

Characterization and Properties of Silicon Carbide Reinforced Ni-10Co-5Cr (Superalloy) Matrix Composite Produced Via Powder Metallurgy Route

In this investigation, Ni-Co-Cr-SiC composites with various weight percentages were manufactured via powder metallurgy (PM) route. The compositions of the composites are Ni-10%Co-5%Cr, Ni-10% Co-5%Cr-4%SiC, Ni-10%Co-5%Cr-8%SiC and Ni-10%Co-5%Cr-12%SiC. The powders were mixed using planetary ball mill for a period of 10 h. The ball milled powders were subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. By utilizing 150 kN hydraulic press with appropriate punch and die the ball milled powders were compacted as a cylindrical billets. The green compacts were sintered in a tubular furnace at two different temperatures 1000 °C and 1200 °C for3 h. The characterization examination namely XRD, SEM and Energy Dispersive Analysis (EDAX) was made on the sintered samples. Unreinforced Ni-Co-Cr exhibits higher sinterability at both sintering temperature. The sintering temperature and reinforcement weight percentage effect on the mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the composites were examined. From these investigations, the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the composites were enhanced while increasing the sintering temperature and SiC weight percentage in the Ni-Co-Cr super alloy matrix.

Investigation of Corrosion Behavior of SiC-Reinforced Al 6061/SiC Metal Matrix Composites Using Taguchi Technique

In the present work, the statistical investigation on corrosion behaviour of Silicon Carbide-reinforced Al6061 Aluminium metal matrix (AMMCs) composites using Taguchi technique has been reported. Stir casting technique was adopted for synthesizing Al/SiC composites containing 0%, 2%, and 4% weight percentages of SiC. The corrosion studies were carried out for test variables—wt% of SiC, normality of solution, and corrosion duration for the as-cast composite specimens. The specimens were tested in NaCl solutions of normality 1.0, 1.5, and 2 and the exposure period ranging from 40 to 80 days. Corrosion characteristics of the composites were statistically analyzed by employing the design of experiments approach using Taguchi technique. Influence of various parameters on corrosion behavior of composites were investigated by Signal-to-noise ratio and analysis of variance. Result of the research determines that greater corrosion resistance was obtainable by composites when compared to monolithic aluminium 6061 alloy in the chosen corrosion media. This phenomenon of decrease of corrosion rate with exposure time was attributed to possible passivation of matrix alloy with the formation of protective layer formed on the specimen exposed to NaCl protecting the base metal from aggressive environment. The corrosion morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Studies on microstructure and mechanical characteristics of as cast AA6061/SiC/fly ash hybrid AMCs produced by stir casting

Fly ash has been receiving the extensive concentration as a strong reinforcing element for Aluminum Matrix Composites (AMCs) to strengthen the properties and cut the price of manufacturing. AA6061 reinforced with various weight percentages of fly ash particulates and a constant weight percentage of SiC were prepared by stir casting technique as it is one of the simplest and cost-effective method for producing AMCs. Wettability of SiC and Fly ash particles with the aluminum was enhanced by fly ash itself. The microstructure, hardness and tensile properties of manufactured AMCs were analyzed. Optical Microscopy (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) discovered a harmonized dispersion of SiC and fly ash particles with superior bonding with the matrix material. The inclusion of fly ash particles in to aluminum matrix enhanced the microhardness and Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of the AMCs.

Synthesis & analysis of mechanical and tribological behaviour of silicon carbide and graphite reinforced aluminium alloy hybrid composites

This article mainly focuses on development, characterization and tribological performance of aluminium alloy matrix based hybrid composite strengthening with silicon carbide and Graphite particles. The investigation is carry forward step by step starts with development of hybrid composite, study all the properties to insure its utility in automobile sector possible specially for cylinder blocks, pistons etc. All these are the areas where sliding wear plays a predominant role. Hence Investigation has been done on sliding wear characteristics of this composite developed by mechanical agitation casting route i.e. aluminium alloy strengthened by 3 wt% and 6 wt% of silicon carbide addition with constant 2 wt% graphite particles. To evaluate each and every parameter the test was performed at two sliding distances of 1256.56 m and 2513.27 m at sliding velocities 1.047 m/s and 2.094 m/s under three loading conditions i.e. 10 N, 30 N, and 50 N. All these tests were performed for 3 compositions of the Hybrid composite. Results clearly shows wear resistance obtained at maximum (6 wt%) silicon carbide with constant graphite. Mechanical tests along with characterization of composite are to be investigated. Maximum tensile strength 234.57 MPa and hardness 49.5 BHN noticed in 6 wt% SiC at constant Gr reinforced composite. Microstructure reveals the grain refinement with graphite particles addition and overall hardness of composite improves with up gradation of SiC weight percentage.

Experimental study on the mechanical properties of heat treated aluminium composites

The present work is carried out to investigate the wear characteristics of heat treated Al 6061 Silicon carbide - Graphite particulate reinforced hybrid composites subjected to the constant aging duration of 4 h. The liquid metallurgy route is followed to prepare composite specimens for different weight percentages of SiC and graphite particles. The heat treatment was carried out on cast Al 6061 alloy and its composites at a specific temperature of about 803 K for 1 h followed by quenching in water. The quenched samples were aged artificially for the constant aging duration of 4 h at a temperature of about 448 K. The hardness measurements are also carried out on the fabricated specimens. Wear behavior of these composites, and unreinforced alloy was tested using a pin on disc apparatus. This present work is an original research work carried out in aluminum composites. From the experiments carried out, it can be concluded that heat treated Al6061 + 10%SiC +10%graphite showed maximum wear resistance and hardness. Therefore this composite can be used in manufacturing of automobile brake drum.

Modeling and Predicting Abrasive Wear Behavior of Al–SiCp Composite Using Multi-response Optimization-Based RSM

In this investigation, different composites of Al–SiCp have been prepared using investment casting route to characterize the tribological properties like abrasive wear and coefficient of friction. The experimental plans are based on central composite design. The effect of process parameters (i.e., applied load, rpm and weight percentage of SiC) on output parameter (i.e., wear rate and coefficient of friction) has been studied. A model based on regression analysis technique has been developed, to predict the response, i.e., wear behavior and coefficient of friction of the metal matrix composites. The adequacy and statistical significance of the developed model have been tested on ANOVA which directly shows the contribution of input parameters on output parameter. Graphical contours are used to study the direct and interaction effects. The finding of results can be concluded as the wear rate diminishes with the increase in % SiCp due to thermal stability of Al matrix which restricts the softening behavior when temperature rises. The coefficient of friction shows an increase in value may be due to resistance of sliding action by ceramic particles in the composite. The ANOVA analysis using multi-response optimization of response surface methodology suggests that the optimum results are achieved with 93.32% desirability level, having 15 wt% of SiCp, 2 kg of load and 300 rpm of minimum wear rate and frictional coefficient.

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON TAPPING OF Al6061/SiC METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE WITH 2 AND 4 MICRONS TiAlN COATED STRAIGHT FLUTED HSS MACHINE TAPS

The objective of this work is to evaluate the performance of straight fluted HSS machine taps with 2 microns and 4 microns thickness of TiAlN coating on tapping of Al6061/SiC metal matrix composite. The methodology includes the fabrication of Al6061/SiC Metal matrix composite by stir casting process with 5, 7.5 and 10 weight percent SiC particles. Tapping operation was performed under dry conditions with different cutting speed and constant feed rate equal to the pitch of the thread. The specimens were drilled and tapped with HSS M8X1.25 machine taps coated with TiAlN coating of 2 and 4 micron thickness, in a CNC vertical machining center. The performance of HSS machine taps was evaluated in terms of tapping torque, tool flank wear, and quality of threads produced. Torque and thrust were measured using a drill tool dynamometer of Kistler make. Quality of threaded holes was analyzed by capturing the thread profile using a metallurgical microscope. The estimation of progressive flank wear of HSS machine taps was done using the profile projector. Increase in weight percentage of SiC particles and tapping speed would increase the torque required for tapping, rate of flank wear of the tool and decrease the quality of threaded holes. The progressive flank wear was found higher in machine taps with 2 microns thickness of TiAlN coating when compared to taps with 4 microns thickness of TiAlN coating. Influence of cutting speed on progressive flank wear of HSS machine tap was found to be higher compared to the thickness of TiAlN coating on the tap and weight percentage of SiC.

Investigating the Influence of Cotton Shell Ash- SIC Weight Percentage on the Mechanical Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy Based Hybrid Composite

Investigating the Influence of Cotton Shell Ash- SIC Weight Percentage on the Mechanical Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy Based Hybrid Composite

An investigation into tapping of Al6061/SiC metal matrix composite with straight flute HSS machine tap

The present study deals with tapping of Al6061/SiC metal matrix composite. Stir casting technique was used for the fabrication of composite. Castings were produced by varying weight percentages of SiC (5%, 7.5% and 10%) of 23μm size in Al6061. The tapping experiments were conducted for the machinability study of Al6061/SiC metal matrix composite using M8 x 1.25 HSS machine taps. The tapping operation was performed under dry condition with different cutting speeds. Torque required for tapping was measured using piezoelectric based 4-component drill tool dynamometer. Surface morphology and profile of thread surfaces were analysed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and metallurgical microscope. Estimation of progressive flank wear of machine taps was undertaken using profile projector. The performance of HSS machine tap was evaluated in terms of tapping torque, tool flank wear, and surface characteristics of thread surfaces. The flank wear of uncoated HSS machine tap increased with the increase in weight percentage of SiC in Al/SiC composite for a particular cutting speed. Further, when the matrix materials were reinforced by the same kind and the same weight percentage of SiC particles, the flank wear of the tool was found to increase with cutting speed. In addition, the damage caused to thread profiles increased with the increase in cutting speed and weight percentage of SiC.

Study of machinability and parametric optimization of end milling on aluminium hybrid composites using multi-objective genetic algorithm

Metal matrix composites offer a substantial surety to meet the present and future demands spanning from automobiles to aerospace. Hybrid metal matrix composites are a new choice of materials involving several advantages over the single reinforcement. In this present study, three specimens possessing aluminium 7075 reinforced with particulates of silicon carbide (5, 10, 15% weight percentage) and alumina (5% weight percentage) were developed using stir casting. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of reinforcement particles of silicon carbide on the machinability of hybrid metal matrix composites. These materials are engineered to match the requirements of optimal output responses such as low surface roughness, less tool wear, a less cutting force with the high rate of material removal under a set of practical machining constraints. Multi-objective parametric optimization using genetic algorithm obtained optimal cutting responses. The spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut and weight percentages of SiC were selected as the influencing parameters for meeting the output responses in end milling operation. Based on the Box–Behnken design in response surface methodology, 27 experimental runs were conducted and nonlinear regression models were developed to predict the objective function. The adequacy of the model was checked through ANOVA and was found to be significant. The optimum settings of the parameters were found using multi-objective genetic algorithm. The predicted optimal settings were verified through confirmatory experiments, and the results validated.

Study on Tribological Behaviour of Al/SiC/MoS2 Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites in High Temperature Environmental Condition

The current study investigates the tribological behaviour of aluminium hybrid composite reinforced with SiC and MoS2 at various temperature environments. The hybrid metal matrix composites have been fabricated through compo casting method by reinforcing different sizes of SiC (10, 20, 40 μm) at various weight fractions (5%, 10% & 15%) with 5059 aluminium alloy, meanwhile the addition of Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is fixed at 2%. Tribological behaviour of composites was evaluated based on wear loss and friction coefficient by using pin on disc apparatus. Along with particle size and weight percentage of SiC, load, sliding velocity, sliding distance and temperature were considered as process parameters and L27 orthogonal array was selected to perform the experiments. Through Taguchi and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method optimum sliding condition for reduced wear loss and the significance of each parameter on wear behaviour of the composite were identified. Temperature and load predominantly affects the tribological behaviour of aluminium hybrid composite. It was found that the wear resistance is high when smaller particles were reinforced at maximum percentage (15%) and the results were supported with worn surface SEM images.

Investigation on mechanical behavior and material characteristics of various weight composition of SiCp reinforced aluminium metal matrix composite

Aluminium – silicon carbide (Al - SiC) metal matrix composite is produced with following wt % of SiC reinforcement (4%, 8% & 12%) using stir casting method. Mechanical testing such as micro hardness, tensile testing and bend testing were performed. Characterizations, namely micro structure, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, inductive coupled plasma – optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, were carried out on Al - SiC composites. The presence of SiC on Al - SiC composite is confirmed through XRD technique and microstructure. The percentage of SiC was confirmed through ICP-OES technique. Increase in weight percentage of SiC tends to increase micro hardness, ultimate strength & yield strength but it reduces the bend strength and elongation (%) of the material. SEM factrography of tensile tested fractured samples of Al - 8% SiC & Al – 12% SiC showed fine dimples on fractured surface & coarse dimples fractured surface respectively. This showed significant fracture differences between Al - 8% SiC & Al - 12% SiC. From the above experiment, Al - 8% SiC had good micro hardness, ultimate strength & yield strength without significant loss in elongation (%) & bend strength.

Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Magnesium Alloy AZ91 Hybrid Composites

AZ91 magnesium alloy hybrid composites reinforced with various ratios of SiC and graphite particles were synthesized by stir casting. The composites were prepared by varying the weight percentage of SiC and graphite particles each from 0 to 3 in steps of 1 weight percent. The average particle size of both the reinforcement particles was 27μm. The effect of reinforcement is discussed for both heat treated and non-heat treated composites and compared with unreinforced base alloy. The microstructure reveals that there is a nearly uniform dispersion of particles is the matrix. The density, hardness and ultimate tensile strength of the composite specimen increased as the percentage of reinforcement was increased both in heat treated and non-heat treated conditions. The percentage of elongation decreases as the reinforcement in the composites increased. SEM micrographs of the tensile fracture surfaces showed broken reinforcement particles on the fracture surface and evidence of ‘pull outs’, where graphite/SiC particles were previously embedded in the matrix.