Limited Weight Research Articles

Attitude Control of Microsatellite Using PWM Method: Verification Using PIL

The missions of micro-satellites range from early military usages to weather forecast, resources exploration, communication, and scientific experiment. The advantages of micro-satellites are simple mechanical structures, great reliability, low prices, and precise researchers and equipment. Therefore, due to the limits of weight and power, this kind of micro-satellite with low design cost and high precision requires reducing unnecessary attitude sensors and controllers to ensure the precision of attitude control. Besides, it adapts the least hardware constituting attitude system, which is the future trend in the satellite engineering. In this article, an estimating technology about measuring angle speed with a gyro less is mentioned. This technology is based on the period change which the earth magnetic field gets along the track. Only by using a three axis magnetometer, it can produce the data from the micro-satellite measuring the earth magnetic field. Besides, the measures of three axis angle speed and attitude angle can be gotten through Kalman filtering. The purpose of this article is mainly to explore the problem on attitude detumbling control of micro-satellites departing away a carrier to enter a track. It is realized by a thruster to proceed the confinement of the satellite moving, the attitude stable control and processor-in-the-loop.

Harnessing Interfacial Electron Transfer in Redox Flow Batteries

Summary Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have garnered increasing attention for their potential to enable the widespread adoption of renewable electricity. However, a critical need associated with the continued development of this technology involves designing electrode-electrolyte interfaces that exhibit rapid, stable electron transfer kinetics. This targeted review outlines key challenges associated with measuring and enhancing the electron transfer kinetics of established and emerging flow battery active materials. We discuss several promising opportunities for advancing flow battery science and technology using the tools of applied electroanalysis and catalysis science. These challenges and opportunities are broadly relevant for future research directed at advancing the commercial adoption of RFBs for grid-scale energy storage.

Studies of osmotic and activity coefficient properties of aqueous solutions of triethylammonium formate and triethylammonium glycolate protic ionic liquids at 298.15 K

The triethylammonium-based carboxylate protic ionic liquids (PILs) are called as truly bio-ionic liquids. They can be used as green solvent, additives (biphasic catalysis) and for other considerable effects involving nano-material specially related to biomolecules. In this work, osmotic coefficient (φ) measurements using vapor pressure osmometry technique for aqueous solutions of two PILs, namely, triethylammonium formate [TEAF] (0.01290–0.55988 mol·kg−1) and triethylammonium glycolate [TEAG] (0.00989–0.53176 mol·kg−1) have been reported at 298.15 K. The water activity (aw) and solvent activity coefficient (γ1), mean molal activity coefficient (γ±) of PILs and osmotic pressure (π) of solutions properties in a binary mixture, were determined using experimentally measured φ data. The analysis of osmotic pressure data revealed that the studied PILs are electrolytes in the limit of infinite dilution and yield correct molecular weights as well as show negative values for virial coefficients. The variations of osmotic coefficient and mean molal activity coefficient of studied PILs with concentration indicate positive deviations from Debye-Hückel limiting law similar to that of ammonium ions. Further, Gibbs free energy changes due to mixing (ΔGm) and excess Gibbs free energy changes (ΔGE) for the studied binary systems are estimated. The solute-solute virial coefficient (NB22∗0) for the studied PILs in aqueous solutions were estimated by an application of the McMillan−Mayer theory of solutions. The results indicate that the hydration effect is dominant in PILs through the cooperative H–bonding with water-structure making effect suggesting the significance of hydrophobic hydration as observed in tetraalkylammonium salts and aprotic ionic liquids. A need to study the water molecule splitting at nitrogen charge centre and possible attenuation of water structural effects due to hydrophobic moieties present in the molecule is emphasized.

Review on the aerodynamics of intermediate compressor duct

In a turbofan engine, the air is brought from the low to the high-pressure compressor through an intermediate compressor duct. Weight and design space limitations impel to its design as an S-shaped. Despite it, the intermediate duct has to guide the flow carefully to the high-pressure compressor without disturbances and flow separations hence, flow analysis within the duct has been attractive to the researchers ever since its inception. Consequently, a number of researchers and experimentalists from the aerospace industry could not keep themselves away from this research. Further demand for increasing by-pass ratio will change the shape and weight of the duct that uplift encourages them to continue research in this field. Innumerable studies related to S-shaped duct have proven that its performance depends on many factors like curvature, upstream compressor’s vortices, swirl, insertion of struts, geometrical aspects, Mach number and many more. The application of flow control devices, wall shape optimization techniques, and integrated concepts lead a better system performance and shorten the duct length. This review paper is an endeavor to encapsulate all the above aspects and finally, it can be concluded that the intermediate duct is a key component to keep the overall weight and specific fuel consumption low. The shape and curvature of the duct significantly affect the pressure distortion. The wall static pressure distribution along the inner wall significantly higher than that of the outer wall. Duct pressure loss enhances with the aggressive design of duct, incursion of struts, thick inlet boundary layer and higher swirl at the inlet. Thus, one should focus on research areas for better aerodynamic effects of the above parameters which give duct design with optimum pressure loss and non-uniformity within the duct.

Practical constraints in the container loading problem: Comprehensive formulations and exact algorithm

This paper addresses the Single Container Loading Problem. We present an exact approach that considers the resolution of integer linear programming and constraint programming models iteratively. A linear relaxation of the problem based on packing in planes is proposed. Moreover, a comprehensive set of mathematical formulations for twelve practical constraints that arise in this problem are discussed. These constraints include complete shipment, conflicting items, priorities, weight limit, cargo stability, load-bearing, multi-drop, load-balancing, manual loading, grouping, separation, and multiple orientations. Extensive computational experiments are carried out on instances from the literature to show the performance of the proposed approach and state how each practical constraint affects the container’s occupancy, the approach runtime, and the number of packing patterns evaluated. In general, the approach could optimally solve instances with around ten items types and a total of 110 items, besides obtaining the optimal solution for more than 70% of all instances.

Dextran degradation by sonoenzymolysis: Degradation rate, molecular weight, mass fraction, and degradation kinetics

To study dextran degradation by sonoenzymolysis, the degradation rate, the change of molecular weight, the mass fractions of fragments of certain molecular weight, and the degradation kinetics were analyzed and compared with the corresponding parameters under ultrasonic and enzymolysis treatments. The degradation rate improved greatly and the time required to stabilize the rate was shortened compared with ultrasonic treatment, for example, more than 120 min was needed at 4 W/mL for ultrasonic treatment before stabilization with the degradation rate of 77.41%, whereas 80 min was needed for sonoenzymolysis treatment with the degradation rate of 91.44%. A lower molecular weight limit was established (7.15 × 104 Da at 4 W/mL for sonoenzymolysis treatment compared with 19.61 × 104 Da at 4 W/mL for ultrasonic treatment), with decreased time to approach the new limiting molecular weight (80 min compared with more than 120 min). The mass fraction of 104–105 Da fragment increased (61.02% at 4 W/mL for sonoenzymolysis treatment compared with 42.98% at 4 W/mL for ultrasonic treatment) and the dextran degradation kinetics for sonoenzymolysis under lower ultrasonic intensity fitted the Malhotra model well. Sonoenzymolysis treatment at the ultrasonic intensity of 4 W/mL for 80 min resulted in more 104–105 Da fragments in a shorter time. The results indicated that sonoenzymolysis can be applied as an efficient method to obtain clinical dextran.

A relatív hatékonyságvizsgálat (DEA) alkalmazása üzleti szimulációs játékban nyújtott teljesítmény értékelésére

Az üzleti szimulációs játékokban résztvevők teljesítményének értékelése nehéz feladat a szubjektív értékelési szempontok és a nehezen aggregálható kvantitatív információk miatt. A cikk célja annak bemutatása, hogyan alkalmazható a relatív hatékonyságvizsgálat (DEA) a szimulációs játékokban résztvevők teljesítményének átfogó értékelésére. A cikk áttekinti a szimulációs játékok jelentőségét az oktatásban, valamint az eredmények kiértékelésének problémáit és gyakorlatát. A tanulmányban állandó skálahatékonyságú, inputorientált, radiális DEA-modell segítségével elemzik a szerzők egy termelésszimulációs játékban részt vevő hallgatók teljesítményét. Az értékelés sajátos szempontjait figyelembe véve súlyszámkorlátok alkalmazásával oldják meg, hogy valamennyi fontos értékelési kritérium szerepeljen a vizsgálatban. Az ismertetett módszer egyrészt új utat nyithat a szimulációs játékok résztvevőinek teljesítményértékeléséhez, továbbá a DEA egy eddig fel nem tárt új alkalmazási lehetőségére is rámutat. A teljesítményt átfogóan jellemző hatékonysági mutatón túl, a nem hatékony működés okai, és a mintaként szolgáló döntési stratégiák is azonosíthatók, továbbá a teljesítményjavítás útjai feltárhatók.

Ergonomics Evaluation of Manual Material Handling Activities in the Section of Feeding Laying Hens at Poultry Farm

This study aimed to evaluate the activity of feeding laying hens at poultry farm. Observations were made of all workers in charge of providing animal feed totaling 13 workers. The work observed was the process of loading animal feed on baskets until the final distribution. The evaluation was based on the results of the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, physiological workload measurements, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) lifting calculations. The worker’s physiological workload was taken into account, and it revealed that there has been an increase in work pulse rate obtained Cardiovascular Load (%CVL) is in the range of 58%-72% and the energy consumption of workers ranges from 4.10-6.59 Kcal/minute. Thus, physiologically the work activities carried out by the feeding workers are categorized as moderate work, and it is necessary to improve the work activities. Meanwhile, evaluation using the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and Lifting Index (LI) in the process of animal feed showed RWL values ranged from 8.61 kg-10.19 kg, and LI values ranged from 1.87 to 2.50. This number is beyond the limit for manual lifting.

Molten Salt Electrolytes: Computational Analysis of Transport, Electrochemical Properties and Designing New Mixtures

Electric aircraft propulsion has gained traction over the last decade due to possible high-energy density electrochemistries with reasonable cycle life and identification of non-flammable chemistries that can guarantee much better safety. Commercial Li-ion batteries cannot reach such high capacities because of weight limitations that arise from the widely used intercalation electrodes. Also, use of organic electrolytes make them highly susceptible to fire on exposure to air and humidity. Currently, use of Lithium metal anode along with conversion electrochemistries such as Li-O2 and Li-S are being pursued to achieve such high energy densities. Safer inorganic solid-state electrolytes, recently discovered Water-in-Salt electrolytes, molten salt electrolytes are some of the alternatives being pursued for a safer/non-flammable battery.Of these safer alternatives, molten-salt electrolytes offer some attractive properties: liquid at operating temperatures resulting in better electrode-wetting, stable interface with Li-metal anodes and good ionic conductivity; their only drawback being high operating temperatures. In this talk, we will discuss some of the computational studies, driven via atomistic simulations, of the properties of molten-salt electrolytes including transport mechanism and interface stability. We will also discuss predicting electrochemical properties of these high-temperature electrolytes. Further, we will discuss a thermodynamic approach to predicting new molten-salt eutectics with lower melting points.

Rancang Bangun Robot Lengan Pemindah Barang 3 DOF Menggunakan Metode Inverse Kinematics Berbasis Android

Moving object process from one place to another is usually done with the conventional way using human power, then it can certainly getting heavy objects and the farther the distance of displacement, manpower required objects are also getting bigger. It is judged ineffective considering the limitations of human capability in the shift of weight and time limitations of humans in the work. Based on these problems required a robot arm that is able to moving an object from one place to another. The robot arm was designed to have 3 DOF (Degree of Freedom) and the whole joint is revolute and implemented using servo dynamixel AX-12A. Input from this robot is initial coordinates and final coordinates are then computing by the method of inverse kinematics with an output in the form of large angle of each joint required in order for the robot arm reaches the point coordinates. Results from research that has been done, the robot is able to move the object from one point coordinate to another within an average period of 6 to 7 seconds as well as the level error that occurred in the achievement of the desired angle of 0.64%. Based on the results of the implementation system of the arm robot assessed transporter 3DOF using inverse kinematics method is very effective in carrying out its functions to move an object.

Improving Environmental and Energy Efficiency in Wood Transportation for a Carbon-Neutral Forest Industry

Wood transportation is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions, which should be considered when the carbon neutrality of the forest industry is of concern. The EU is dedicated to improving technology for a carbon-neutral development. This study investigates carbon neutrality by improving road freight transportation fleets consisting of various vehicle size combinations. The environmental emission and energy efficiency of a transportation fleet were analyzed in selected wood procurement regions of Stora Enso corporation (Finland). Based on the enterprise resource planning (ERP) data (2018–2020), the environmental emission efficiency increased by 11% via 76 t-vehicles compared 64 t vehicles. The maximum reduction in fuel consumption was 26% for 92 t vehicles, though this was achieved when operations were fully adjusted to the maximum weight limit. The wood-based energy efficiency measure (wood energy/transport energy) was a useful development indicator. It showed that the adapted fleets of transportation companies support a positive development for a carbon-neutral forestry. In respect to the current legal fleet (64, 68 and 76 t), the use of 76 t vehicles increased energy efficiency most effectively, by 50%, compared to 64 t vehicles in the best region. Currently, transportation service providers and their clients are using ERP information to tailor their energy efficiency metric and to implement them locally in the transportation monitoring systems. A three-year sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the technological development of management tools to improve transportation efficiency is essential for larger and heavier vehicle utilization. In the future, the whole wood supply chain from forest to factory will also be optimized with respect to energy efficiency criterion to ensure a low-carbon forest industry.

Performance Assessment of Portable Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS).

Accurate representation of atmospheric aerosol properties is a long-standing problem in atmospheric research. Modern pilotless aerial systems provide a new platform for atmospheric in situ measurement. However, small airborne platforms require miniaturized instrumentation due to apparent size, power, and weight limitations. A Portable Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS) is an emerged instrument to measure ambient aerosol size distribution with high time and size resolution, designed for deployment on a small unmanned aerial system (UAS) or tethered balloon system (TBS) platforms. This study evaluates the performance of a POPS with an upgraded laser heater and additional temperature sensors in the aerosol pathway. POPS maintains its performance under different environmental conditions as long as the laser temperature remains above 25 °C and the aerosol flow temperature inside the optical chamber is 15 °C higher than the ambient temperature. The comparison between POPS and an Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) suggests that the coincidence error is less than 25% when the number concentration is less than 4000 cm−3. The size distributions measured by both of them remained unaffected up to 15,000 cm−3. While both instruments’ sizing accuracy is affected by the aerosol chemical composition and morphology, the influence is more profound on the POPS.

Comparative Quality Control Study of Different Brands of Diclofenac Sodium Tablet Available in Local and Government Pharmacies by In-Vitro Testing.

The objective of this study is to conduct in-vitro quality control testing of diclofenac sodium tablets involves weight variation test, drug assay, friability test, and the disintegration and dissolution test. Two brands of diclofenac sodium tablets were used in the study, named Brand A and Brand B. Quality control (QC) test results for diclofenac sodium tablets show that both Brand A and Brand B conform to the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) standards. In terms of weight variation, Brand A and B have an above the mean weight limit variation of 2.79% and 2.05%, respectively. The lower mean weight limit variations are 1.21% and 1.27%, respectively, which are within the 10% standard limits of USP. Friability tests show that Brands A and B have an average friability of 0.062% and 0.01% mass loss, which are within the 1% mass loss limits of USP. In terms of drug assay, both Brands A and B fall under the USP parameter of 85%-115%, respectively. The disintegration test shows that Brand A and Brand B fall within a 15-minute time interval segment with disintegration time calculated as 6.69 min and 7.02 min for Brands A and B, respectively. Brand B of Diclofenac Sodium has a drug dissolution percentage of 90.7% within a 45-min sampling time interval.Brands A and B pass the pharmacopeia limits set under the USP standards. The friability test shows that the loss of mass for both Brands A and B was within the 1% standard limit. Similarly, with regard to weight variation, both brands conform under the normal limit of 10% above or lower the mean weight. In terms of drug assay, both brands' drug availability was within the specified 85%-115% standard range. They passed the disintegration and dissolution test within a time limit of less than 15 minutes and 45 minutes, respectively.

Anisotropic Wellbore Stability Analysis: Impact on Failure Prediction

Shale formations are the main source of borehole stability problems during drilling operations. Suboptimal predictions of borehole failure may partly be caused by neglecting the anisotropic nature of shales: Conventional wellbore stability analysis is based on borehole stresses computed from isotropic linear elasticity (Kirsch solution) with the assumption of no induced pore pressure. This is very convenient for a practical implementation but does not always work for shales. Here, anisotropic wellbore stability analysis was performed targeting an offshore gas field to investigate in particular the impact of elastic anisotropy on borehole failure predictions. Stress concentration around a circular borehole in anisotropic shale was calculated by the Amadei solutions, and induced pore pressure was obtained from the Skempton parameters based on anisotropic poroelasticity. Borehole failure regions and modes were then predicted using the effective stresses and those are apparently consistent with observations. A comparison with the conventional approach suggests the importance of accounting for elastic anisotropy: Predicted failure regions, modes, and also the associated mud weight limits can be completely different. This observation may have significant implications for other fields since shale often show strong elastic anisotropy.

BMS modular diaries: torus one-point function

Two dimensional field theories invariant under the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) group are conjectured to be dual to asymptotically flat spacetimes in three dimensions. In this paper, we continue our investigations of the modular properties of these field theories. In particular, we focus on the BMS torus one-point function. We use two different methods to arrive at expressions for asymptotic structure constants for general states in the theory utilising modular properties of the torus one-point function. We then concentrate on the BMS highest weight representation, and derive a host of new results, the most important of which is the BMS torus block. In a particular limit of large weights, we derive the leading and sub-leading pieces of the BMS torus block, which we then use to rederive an expression for the asymptotic structure constants for BMS primaries. Finally, we perform a bulk computation of a probe scalar in the background of a flatspace cosmological solution based on the geodesic approximation to reproduce our field theoretic results.

Factors affecting peak impact force during soccer headers and implications for the mitigation of head injuries.

It has been documented that up to 22% of all soccer injuries are concussions. This is in part due to players purposely using their head to direct the ball during play. To provide a more complete understanding of head trauma in soccer athletes, this study characterized the effects of four soccer ball characteristics (size, inflation pressure, mass, velocity) on the resulting peak impact force as it relates to the potential for incurring neurophysiological changes. A total of six hundred trials were performed on size 4 and 5 soccer balls as well as a novel lightweight soccer ball. Impact force was measured with a force plate and ball velocity was determined using motion capture. These data were used, in conjunction with dimensional analysis to relate impact force to ball size, mass, velocity, and pressure. Reasonable reductions in allowable ball parameters resulted in a 19.7% decrease in peak impact force. Adjustments to ball parameters could reduce a high cumulative peak translational acceleration soccer athlete down into a previously defined safer low loading range. In addition, it was noted that water absorption by soccer balls can result in masses that substantially increase impact force and quickly surpass the NCAA weight limit for game play. Additional research is required to determine whether varying soccer ball characteristics will enable soccer players to avoid persistent neurophysiological deficits or what additional interventions may be necessary and the legal implications of these data are discussed.

Do the requirements included in the regulation on health and safety at school effectively prevent children from carrying too heavy schoolbags?

Excessive spinal load caused by a schoolbag has a major impact on the child's body posture. The National Sanitary Inspector recommends the limit of schoolbag weight as corresponding to 10-15% of the student's weight. The aim of the study was to assess the spinal load of children aged 6-9 years, caused by schoolbags, and to check if it meets the requirements expressed as a percentage of the child's weight. The weight of the items in schoolbags was also established. In addition, parents' awareness about schoolbags and the child's use of additional storage spaces (lockers) were analyzed. Overall, 332 children aged 6-9 years (172 girls, 160 boys) attending selected schools in a city located in the Silesian Voivodeship participated in the study. The study included determining schoolbag weight and presenting it in relation to the child's weight. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for 2 independent variables with non-normally distributed data (the Shapiro-Wilk test). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare >2 independent trials. The level of statistical significance was set at p = 0.05. An average schoolbag weighted 3.57±0.58 kg. Schoolbag weight did not exceed 15% of the student's weight in 75% of the students; however, the schoolbags of only 17% of the students weighed less than 10% of the student's weight. The heaviest schoolbags were found among first-grade students. The girls had significantly heavier schoolbags compared to the boys (p = 0.037). The students using school lockers had heavier schoolbags than those who left unnecessary items on common shelves in the classroom (p = 0.006). The issue of heavy schoolbags remains a challenge for public health decision-makers despite the regulation that requires to provide children with space to leave books at school. The current rules do not effectively prevent children from carrying too heavy schoolbags. It is advisable to take measures to set an absolutely mandatory standard with which schools and students will be required to comply. Med Pr. 2020;71(6):687-97.

Managing Fleets of LEO Satellites: Nonlinear, Optimal, Efficient, Scalable, Usable, and Robust

Size and weight limitations of low-earth orbit (LEO) small satellites make their operation rest on a fine balance between solar power infeed and power demands of communication technologies on board, buffered by on-board battery storage. As a result, the problem of planning battery-powered payload utilization together with intersatellite communication is extremely intricate. Nevertheless, there is a growing trend toward constellations and megaconstellations that are to be managed using sophisticated software support. Earlier work has leveraged cost-optimal reachability in priced timed automata for deriving near-optimal finite-horizon schedules to operate a single LEO satellite in orbit. This article harvests that work and improves it in several dimensions, all needed for true in-orbit applicability: 1) the battery representation is no longer bound to be linear, but can be kinetic, which means that the optimization problem includes nonlinearities; 2) the management is perpetuated by a receding horizon scheduling strategy; 3) the model is continuously improved with the latest telemetry received from orbit; 4) a tandem of satellites equipped with state-of-the-art intersatellite link transponders is considered; 5) the core optimization problem is now solved using dynamic programming with antichain-based pruning, which is proven to be optimal and despite all the additional features outperforms the earlier approach by orders of magnitude; 6) the entire approach is grounded in the concrete requirements of the GOM X-4 LEO mission; 7) care is taken to make the approach usable by the space engineers, and robust against failures of parts of the toolchain; and 8) an extensive test campaign validates accuracy, efficiency, scalability, and robustness with respect to the operational requirements and constraints of LEO constellations.

A self-reported Frailty Index predicts long-term mortality in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis.

BackgroundFrailty is a syndrome that diminishes the potential for functional recovery in liver cirrhosis (LC). However, its utility is limited due to sole reliance on physical performance, especially in hospitalized patients. We investigate the predictive value of a modified self-reported Frailty Index in cirrhotics, and identify which health deficits play more important roles.MethodsConsecutive LC patients were assessed by our frailty scale. Outcomes of interest were mortality for 90-day, 1-year and 2-year. Independent predictors were identified by multivariate Cox regression. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was performed to evaluate discriminative ability. We used a combination of stepwise selection, best subset selection, and Akaike information criteria (AIC) to identify pivotal frailty components.ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 158 patients, in which 37 expired during follow-up. Compared with non-frail groups, the frail group had higher 1- and 2-year mortality. The area under ROC of the Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification (CTP) and Frailty Index were 0.66 and 0.68, while 0.72 for CTP + Frailty Index (P=0.034), respectively. The optimal predictors comprised instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) limitation, falls and loss of weight (AIC =170, C-statistic =0.67).ConclusionsIt is plausible for incorporating Frailty Index to improve prognostication in cirrhotics. IADL limitation, falls and loss of weight play more crucial roles on mortality determination.

468 - Can a Robotic Seal Called PARO Manage Chronic Pain in People with Dementia Living in Nursing Homes?

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the effect of interaction with a robotic seal (PARO) for pain management in nursing home residents living with dementia.Methods: Registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN 12618000082202), a pilot randomized controlled trial followed by semi-structured interviews were conducted between January 2018 and January 2019. Forty-three residents aged ?65 years living with dementia and chronic pain were recruited from three nursing homes in Australia. Participants were randomized to either a PARO group (individual, non-facilitated, 30-minute sessions, five days per week for six weeks) or a usual care group using a computer-generated random number. Observational pain behaviors were rated by researchers using the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale and staff-rated pain levels were measured by the numeric rating scale. Medications regularly prescribed and as needed were quantified by the Medication Quantification Scale-III (MQS-III). Generalized estimating equation model and thematic analysis were used to analyze the data.Results: Participants in the PARO group had significantly lowered level of observed pain (-0.514, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.774 to -0.254, p<0.001) and used fewer PRN medications (-1.175, 95% CI - 2.205 to -0.145, p=0.025) than those in usual care after controlling for age, gender, cognitive function and medications at baseline. There were no significant differences in staff-rated pain levels and regularly scheduled medications between the two groups. Interviews also indicated that the PARO intervention may reduce the pain experience through distraction and reminiscence of previous positive memories. Limitations of weight, voice and characteristics of PARO were identified.Conclusions and Implications: PARO shows promise in reducing pain and medications for nursing home residents living with dementia and chronic pain. This intervention might be incorporated into daily practice as an alternative to manage pain in people with dementia. Care staff need to balance the benefits and limitations of incorporating social robots into their clinical practice and residents’ individualized preferences need to be considered. Larger randomized controlled trials with longer time frames are warranted to further test the use of PARO in long-term care settings.