Website Elements Research Articles

Malaysians’ Popular Online Shopping Websites during Movement Control Order (MCO)

Movement Control Order (MCO) has been announced since the pandemic of corona virus spread cases increased dramatically. The key point emphasized in the implementation of MCO is a social distancing where is only one person is allowed to go out to seek daily necessities during daytime. Moreover, only selected essential business is allowed to operate with limited hour from 8 am to 8 pm only. Due to this order, the e-commerce has become an option to most consumers to fulfill their wants and needs. This paper presents the descriptive data that shows the shopping website that has been mostly visited by the consumers during the MCO phase one and phase two and the influencing factors of selected web sites to purchase during MCO. A survey was conducted throughout the country including Sabah and Sarawak using an open-ended questionnaire that was distributed online. A quantitative method with a descriptive research design was adopted to explore the data obtained in relation to the objective of the research. A total number of 280 adults from 14 states provided valid responses to the online questionnaire. The findings show that the top three shopping website that has been visited by the consumers were the Shopee, Lazada and Food Panda that sell general daily necessities needed by the consumers. The findings also showed that the elements of comfortable website referring to the attractive design, friendly user, having a selection of native language, amount of uploaded information and updating of the product details were the factors that contribute towards the attractions of consumers to be involved in online purchasing

Deep Learning-Enhanced Framework for Performance Evaluation of a Recommending Interface with Varied Recommendation Position and Intensity Based on Eye-Tracking Equipment Data Processing

The increasing amount of marketing content in e-commerce websites results in the limited attention of users. For recommender systems, the way recommended items are presented becomes as important as the underlying algorithms for product selection. In order to improve the effectiveness of content presentation, marketing experts experiment with the layout and other visual aspects of website elements to find the most suitable solution. This study investigates those aspects for a recommending interface. We propose a framework for performance evaluation of a recommending interface, which takes into consideration individual user characteristics and goals. At the heart of the proposed solution is a deep neutral network trained to predict the efficiency a particular recommendation presented in a selected position and with a chosen degree of intensity. The proposed Performance Evaluation of a Recommending Interface (PERI) framework can be used to automate an optimal recommending interface adjustment according to the characteristics of the user and their goals. The experimental results from the study are based on research-grade measurement electronics equipment Gazepoint GP3 eye-tracker data, together with synthetic data that were used to perform pre-assessment training of the neural network.

Online Provision of Part D Medication Therapy Management Program Information.

Low rates of beneficiary participation in medication therapy management (MTM) programs may be partly due to lack of awareness and understanding of the MTM program. To address this, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) requires Medicare Part D sponsors to provide online information about their MTM programs. An early study conducted in 2014 found low compliance rates, with only 59.5% of a small convenience sample of Part D plan contract websites compliant with CMS requirements. The current study provides a more recent evaluation of compliance with website requirements using a random sample of Part D plan contracts. To (a) evaluate Part D sponsors' compliance with MTM program website elements that are required and suggested by CMS and (b) investigate the use of elements recommended by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) for websites for older adults. A random sample of 184 Part D plan contract MTM program websites was selected from a list of 624 approved Part D plan contracts for 2016. Duplicate and inaccessible websites were excluded. The remaining websites were reviewed to determine compliance with CMS-required, CMS-suggested, and NIA-recommended elements. Descriptive statistics were reported at the Part D contract level for compliance with individual elements, category elements (CMS-required, CMS-suggested, and NIA-recommended), and overall compliance. Overall compliance by category was also reported by Part D plan type. Of the 184 MTM websites that were reviewed, 106 remained after excluding duplicate (n = 67) and inaccessible (n = 11) websites: 81 from Medicare Advantage prescription drug (MAPD) plans, 16 from prescription drug plans (PDPs), and 9 from Medicare-Medicaid plans (MMPs). Overall, 51% of Part D plan contract MTM websites were compliant with all of the 14 CMS-required elements. The only element in the CMS-suggested elements category, "accessibility by clicking through a maximum of two links," had a compliance rate of 79%. For the NIA-recommended elements category, 46% of the Part D plan contract MTM websites were compliant with the 4 elements. Medicare Part D plan sponsors are providing information about their MTM programs on plan websites. However, only 51% of Part D plan websites are fully compliant with CMS guidance, providing all required elements. No outside funding supported this study. The authors have no financial or other relationships to disclose. The original research on a small and nonrandom sample of Part D plan contracts was presented during AMCP Nexus 2014; October 7-10, 2014; in Boston, MA. The results presented here are a larger and random sample of Part D plan contracts.

Role of navigational ability in website visit duration

PurposeOnline search effort is routinely measured by the duration of visit at the website as obtained from clicksream data or surveys. Measuring search effort by the time spent at a website assumes that all consumers who search for the same duration obtain the same amount of information. This would be acceptable if all consumers possessed the same navigational ability. In practice, different consumers have different levels of ability to navigate a website. The purpose of this study is to find whether an individual’s navigational ability has an influence on visit duration and purchase likelihood.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use visit duration data from a real website which makes it possible to partition the visit duration into the times spent on relevant and irrelevant pages. The data were collected through an experimental study. The authors develop an empirical model, comprising hazard and choice models, to assess the relationship between navigational ability and elements of website usage.FindingsA consumer with poor navigational ability spends more time searching on the Web and has lower purchase probability compared to a consumer with superior ability.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to one data.Practical implicationsThis research has managerial implications for website design, such as link-structure, appearance, size and the number of graphics.Originality/valueThis is the first study to research navigational ability’s influence on online consumer behavior.

Examining the Relationship among Online Brand Elements, Dialogic Communication and Online Brand Personality

The objective of this study is to assess the relationship among online brand elements, dialogic communication and brand personality. The study used survey research design. The unit of analysis was the universities in Ghana. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The findings show that brand and website elements significantly influence three brand personality dimensions namely: competence, excitement, and sophistication. The findings also revealed that websites with high dialogic communication features would significantly enhance the relationship between brand and website elements and the university brand personality dimensions as compared to those with low dialogic communication features. Keywords: brand personality, brand elements, dialogic communication, logistic regression, universities in Ghana DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-3-05

Does the form of text play a role in click through the button on websites?

Internet usage, clicks through the website elements and search for information on the websites has become common part of our daily life. Understanding how users move and behave on websites is crucial for maximizing conversions and designing the layout of any website. The goal of this study is to find out whether the form of the text in the button plays the role and influence click-through rate of the selected elements. There were tested text links and text in buttons. There were tested various forms of the text – verb in the polite form of address, verb in the informal form of address, the call to action in form of the noun instead of the verb. Results of the study show whether the text in buttons influences the click-through rate of these buttons, the results of the other part show how users interact with various elements.

A gradual approach for maximising user conversion without compromising experience with high visual intensity website elements

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop and test a method that can gradually find a sweet spot between user experience and visual intensity of website elements to maximise user conversion with minimal adverse effect.Design/methodology/approachIn the first phase of the study, the authors develop the method. In the second stage, the authors test and evaluate the method via an empirical study; also, an experiment was conducted within web interface with the gradual intensity of visual elements.FindingsThe findings reveal that the negative response grows faster than conversion when the visual intensity of the web interface is increased. However, a saturation point, where there is coexistence between maximum conversion and minimum negative response, can be found.Practical implicationsThe findings imply that efforts to attract user attention should be pursued with increased caution and that a gradual approach presented in this study helps in finding a site-specific sweet spot for a level of visual intensity by incrementally adjusting the elements of the interface and tracking the changes in user behaviour.Originality/valueWeb marketing and advertising professionals often face the dilemma of determining the optimal level of visual intensity of interface element. Excessive use of marketing component and attention-grabbing visual elements can lead to an inferior user experience and consequent user churn due to growing intrusiveness. At the same time, too little visual intensity can fail to steer users. The present study provides a gradual approach which aids in finding a balance between user experience and visual intensity, maximising user conversion and, thus, providing a practical solution for the problem.

Engagement techniques by human services nonprofits: A research note examining website best practices

Engaging with external stakeholders is one of the most important elements of sustainable nonprofit existence, and nonprofits can enhance external stakeholder engagement through the astute use of their websites. Although industry norms for optimal website design provide insight into how specific website elements may be associated with website engagement, research on how these industry norms translate into users' behavioral engagement with nonprofits is scarce. Furthermore, research on how website design elements are associated with the depth of user engagement is lacking. The purpose of this research note is to explore the concept of nonprofit website engagement and to explain conceptually and practically what nonprofits can do to improve their websites' abilities to enhance deep and long‐term engagement among external stakeholders.

Speech recognition model for solution of website element management tasks

The article deals with the method of speech recognition, namely, the possibility of using this technology for the language control of website elements. Due to the widespread introduction of such technologies into human lives, the task is to create a voice application that would improve the usability. The feature of the proposed model is the implementation of speech recognition not in the service, as it happens in most cases, but in the device itself, using only a microphone. In the existing design users can easily add any commands. Language recognition is implemented on the website page using the JavaScript programming language. The script work is based on the use of the SpeechRecognition Web Speech APIs and the SpeechGrammarList API for Web Speech. The current direction of the use of speech in the process of interaction between the technical system and the user is the application of such technology for creating comfortable living conditions for people who have a violation of the musculoskeletal system and who have lost the opportunity to use traditional means and methods of dialogue with the system. It analyzed the basic principles of the website and the ability to control it using voice control. To operate the proposed speech recognition model, two interfaces are used to solve the problem of managing elements of a website: SpeechRecognition Web Speech API and SpeechGrammarList API Web Speech. In order to manage the elements of the website, a model is proposed, the implementation of which is possible through the use of a microphone on the user's desktop only. The feature of the proposed model is that it is easy to add any commands to an already existing structure. Such application provides a great perspective for building new web interfaces in combination with artificial intelligence.

A Quantitative Approach in Heuristic Evaluation of E-Commerce Websites

This paper presents a pilot study on developing an instrument to predict the quality of e-commerce websites. The 8C model was adopted as the reference model of the heuristic evaluation. Each dimension of the 8C was mapped into a set of quantitative website elements, selected websites were scraped to get the quantitative website elements, and the score of each dimension was calculated. A software was developed in PHP for the experiments. In the training process, 10 experiments were conducted and quantitative analyses were regressively conducted between the experiments. The conversion rate was used to verify the heuristic evaluation of an e-commerce website after each experiment. The results showed that the mapping revisions between the experiments improved the performance of the evaluation instrument, therefore the experiment process and the quantitative mapping revision guideline proposed was on the right track. The software resulted from the experiment 10 can serve as the aimed e-commerce website evaluation instrument. The experiment results and the future work have been discussed.

Proposing a new pedagogy-based website design: A usability test with lifelong learners

This study aimed to create a new pedagogy-based website based on the analysis of the needs of 7147 website users who visited the Thailand Cyber University (TCU) project website during 2011–2013. The study consisted of 4 stages: (1) examining learners’ needs and literature related to developing a lifelong learning framework, (2) designing a site structure and an interface for a pedagogy-based website, (3) conducting a usability test on the website with a sample of 204 users, and (4) modifying the website based on results of a website usability test. Analysis from t-test, one-way ANOVA, and LSD test show that the website is appropriate for users of all genders, ages, educational levels, positions, years of computer and Internet experience, computer possession, and experience in using the TCU website. The new pedagogy-based website design incorporating the lifelong learning framework was proposed by integrating the pedagogical aspects and the theoretical framework of the learning community, motivation, and interaction, while the technological aspects were integrated using an open source web portal, responsive design, and the Universal Design (UD) principle, which enables the website to work on a variety of devices and learning resources. The six elements of the new website include: (1) main page, (2) online courses, (3) media support, (4) learning resources, (5) conferences and seminars, and (6) ‘about us’ pages.

Experiencias de alfabetización informativa en ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje

Objetivo. Sugerir la utilización de ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje como alternativa para promover la Alfabetización Informativa (AI). Método. Análisis de los elementos más importantes de los sitios web. Para cubrir este objetivo se abordan varios temas: la relación entre AI y ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje (definiciones de ambas frases); las etapas para generar programas virtuales de AI; el proceso para elaborar medios didácticos; las aplicaciones que pueden apoyar esta elaboración; y la descripción de once experiencias de AI en ambientes virtuales (México, Estados Unidos de Norteamérica, España y Reino Unido) que cumplen con lo expuesto en las definiciones y en los procesos. Resultados. Se obtuvieron cuatro cuadros comparativos que examinan 5 elementos de cada experiencia: objetivos; comunidad meta; institución; país; y plataforma utilizada. Conclusiones. La generación de cualquier propuesta de Alfabetización Informativa debe basarse en una definición claramente establecida; las experiencias deben seguir un proceso didáctico sistemático; las experiencias descritas se circunscriben a la definición de AI propuesta; existen varias similitudes en las experiencias analizadas; los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje pueden ser alternativas viables para la AI.

Online Trust Cues: Perceptions and Application

ABSTRACT This qualitative study analyzes perceptions of online trust cues as identified by shoppers from three countries: Germany, Russia, and the USA. A novel approach of the repertory grid method is used to study online trust cues in business-to-consumers commercial online transactions. This study resulted in the list of web site elements and features that consumers recognize as trust cues and use to evaluate e-vendor's trustworthiness. Findings show that out of fourteen categories of online trust cues, identified by online shoppers, three categories of online trust cues are found to be common across three cultures while eleven categories are culture specific. This exploratory study was done in the natural environment but participants did not buy a product. They only examined web sites to evaluate perceived trustworthiness. Hence, one has to be cautious in drawing final conclusions and applying them from a sample to a general population Keywords: online trust, online trust cues, perceptions, e-commerce INTRODUCTION The virtual nature of e-commerce creates both opportunities and risks for online sellers and buyers. Online sellers welcome the opportunity to expand their markets worldwide but face fierce competition. Establishing long-term customer relationships based on trust and loyalty has proved to be a successful business strategy. In attempts to attract and retain global customers, e-vendors signal their trustworthiness through web design elements. These signals are directed to the customers, regardless of the country in which they live. The ability to shop across traditional physical borders, and purchase foreign products from the convenience of home, appeals to a growing number of consumers; however, online buyers are cautious about which online stores they can trust. This research focuses on the first phase of developing online trust--identification and interpretation of online trust cues as recognized by shoppers from three different countries (Germany, Russia, and the United States). A repertory grid research technique was implemented and, as a result, fourteen categories of online trust cues were identified and compared across three cultures. The primary purpose of this study is to analyze which web site elements and features customers from three different cultures identify as online trust cues. The study concentrates on business-to-consumer online transactions conducted on commercial web sites. It focuses on finding the answers to the following questions: - What online trust cues do customers seek in a commercial web site when they form their perception about that web site's trustworthiness? - To what extent do perceptions of online trust cues differ across cultures? This paper starts with a brief review of the theoretical background for this research. Then, a description of the repertory grid technique, its origins and its use follow to explain this study's methodology. The main part of the paper presents results of the study and discussion leads to the concluding sections that explain methodological, empirical and practical contribution of this research. Also discussed are limitations and implications for future research. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Online Trust Technological developments and the increase in e-commerce transactions have extended the notion of trust to the relationship between a human (customer) and the Internet, artefact created by humans. Numerous studies focused on determining whether online trust exists in a virtual environment and how it could be described (Corritore et al, 2003; Grabner-Kraeuter and Kaluscha, 2008; Turilli et al, 2010; Warrington et al, 2000). Gradually, a definition of online trust was formed as an attitude of confident expectation in online situation of risk that one's vulnerabilities will not be exploited (Beldad et al, 2010, p. …

The online presence of teaching and learning within Australian university websites

Teaching and Learning as a form of scholarship has struggled for recognition in universities, with one of the biggest hurdles being visibility. As the Internet is now one of the primary sources of visibility, this study examines how Australia’s 39 universities present their teaching and learning profiles online. The purpose was to examine the aspects of teaching and learning that were visible and those which were not, highlighting the areas of scholarship that may require enhanced focus. The study used a scoring system of 15 primary criteria drawn from the literature, in conjunction with common teaching and learning website elements as ascertained from a brief study of 20 websites. The results revealed that while certain teaching and learning aspects such as professional development and awards are consistently presented across the Australian tertiary sector online, other aspects such as scholarship of teaching and learning research foci and external impact are not generally visible on Australian university websites.

The use of the repertory grid technique in online trust research

Purpose– This paper aims to explore online consumers’ perceptions of a trustworthy Web site. Specifically, it analyzes which Web site elements and features online buyers identify as online trust cues signaling e-vendor’s trustworthiness.Design/methodology/approach– This study implemented a repertory grid technique to gain insight into the customers’ perceptions of Web site trustworthiness.Findings– The most frequently identified online trust cues belong to the “Layout”, “Easy to Use” and “Sales” categories. This is in contrast with the traditional views that Web elements related to customers’ privacy and security are leading trust cues. In addition, online shoppers confirmed two trends in e-commerce: the role of social media in developing online trust to e-vendors is increasing and online shopping is associated with entertainment.Research limitations/implications– Rich data collected from 16 participants of this qualitative study present a challenge for generalizability. A caution should be taken in extending findings to the whole population of online shoppers.Practical implications– This study proves that the repertory grid technique is a useful method for qualitative market research. This method helped to solicit a list of Web site elements and features that online consumers identified as online trust cues. As buyers refer to those cues when deciding to trust or not to trust an e-vendor with the private and confidential information, businesses could use these research findings in designing Web sites that signal trustworthiness to customers.Originality/value– This study contributes to the research methodology as it extends the use of the repertory grid technique to the study of online trust cues and collection of data online. It is one of a few qualitative studies of online trust cues.

The Role of E-marketing Tools in Constructing the Image of a Higher Education Institution

The goal of this article is to describe specific aspects regarding the use of e-marketing tools as a factor influencing the perception of the image of a higher education institution among its target groups. The article draws on primary data acquired through surveying respondents with the use of a questionnaire. More specifically, the analysis is based on 400 responses given by students at the Faculty of management - University of Prešov in Prešov. The crux of the article consists in examining the opinions of the respondents, concentrating on selected website elements such as design, clarity, content quality, inclusion of social elements and on selected e-marketing tools such as a Blog, Microsite, Q&A / FAQ portal, E-mail newsletter, Wiki, Online publications / eBooks, Live chat, and Mobile application. The research results have shown that there is a significant correlation between the perception of the overall image of the faculty and the evaluation of individual elements of the faculty website. The hypothesis that there is a significant correlation between the students’ attitude towards the necessity to use new e-marketing tools and the expressed evaluation of the faculty's image has not been confirmed.

Doing E‐Business in France: Drivers of Online Trust in Business‐to‐Consumer Websites

How can online marketers improve the level of trust among their consumers in order to ensure greater satisfaction with the services offered by their websites? In the absence of a detailed understanding of which website elements drive trust online, many online marketers are missing important opportunities that can make the difference between success and failure in selling and servicing online. Since France is among the largest online markets worldwide, an empirical analysis of the content of 206 websites from 11 business categories that target French consumers offers practical guidance to business‐to‐customer (B2C) marketers who strive to improve the level of online trust. The study's results provide a comprehensive set of 15 perceptual drivers of online trust with operational examples. Integrating these elements in website design may increase site credibility and facilitate transactions. The most salient trust drivers are related to brand reputation, layout design, content quality, expertise, and navigation. Depiction of cultural markers (language, typical colors, symbols, country references) is another key driver of online trust in France. Online retailers, particularly those targeting French markets, may use the study's findings to design more trusted websites or to benchmark their online trust creation capabilities. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Return Visits: A Review of how Web Site Design Can Engender Visitor Loyalty

Both the use of Web sites and the empirical knowledge as to what constitutes effective Web site design has grown exponentially in recent years. The aim of the current article is to outline the history and key elements of Web site design in an e-commerce context - primarily in the period 2002-2012. It was in 2002 that a Special Issue of ISR was focused on ‘Measuring e-Commerce in Net-Enabled Organizations.’ Before this, work was conducted on Web site design, but much of it was anecdotal. Systematic, empirical research and modeling of Web site design to dependent variables like trust, satisfaction, and loyalty until then had not receive substantial focus - at least in the information systems domain. In addition to an overview of empirical findings, this article has a practical focus on what designers must know about Web site elements if they are to provide compelling user experiences, taking into account the site's likely users. To this end, the article elaborates components of effective Web site design, user characteristics, and the online context that impact Web usage and acceptance, and design issues as they are relevant to diverse users including those in global markets. Web site elements that result in positive business impact are articulated. This retrospective on Web site design concludes with an overview of future research directions and current developments.

From classical business to e-business

Basic differences between e-commerce and e-business are described in this paper. Phases in developing e-business and basic in developing corporate website are described in this paper too. Creation website is of the fundamental importance in e-business. Basic elements of the corporate website are described in this paper.

Analysis of Relevance among Emotional Design Elements of Smartphone Website, Brand Preference and Brand Loyaltyn

Analysis of Relevance among Emotional Design Elements of Smartphone Website, Brand Preference and Brand Loyaltyn