Weak Elements Research Articles

Prove that Weak Management elements are lean waste that threatens Socio-economic stability using dynamic statistical tracing actions via Third Organizational Efficiency Theory.

Prove that Weak Management elements are lean waste that threatens Socio-economic stability using dynamic statistical tracing actions via Third Organizational Efficiency Theory.

The adaptive SAV weak Galerkin finite element method for the Allen-Cahn equation

In this paper, the weak Galerkin finite element method with the scalar auxiliary variable (SAV) approach is considered for the Allen-Cahn equation. Based on the elliptic reconstruction technique, the elliptic equation corresponding to the Allen-Cahn equation is introduced, which is employed to split the numerical error into the elliptic error and the parabolic error. Then the weak gradient recovery type a posteriori error estimator of the elliptic equation is adopted to develop the time-space adaptive algorithm. The effectiveness of the SAV weak Galerkin finite element method and the time-space adaptive algorithm is verified by several numerical benchmarks on both uniform and adaptive meshes.

Policy Implementation Strategy of Link and Match for Vocational High School with Industry and the World of Work in Tangerang District, Indonesia

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the link and match policy for Vocational High Schools with Industry and the business world in Tangerang Regency, determine the causes of the low success of implementing this policy, and formulate a strategy for implementing the link and match policy for Vocational High Schools with Industry and the business world in Tangerang Regency. The research utilizes Goggin's policy implementation theory as its analytical framework. The research method employed is descriptive research, supplemented by strategic analysis through SWOT analysis. The study focuses on Vocational High Schools in the Tangerang Regency area and the Education and Culture Office in Banten Province. The findings of the research indicate that the implementation of the link and match policy for Vocational High Schools with the industry and the business sector in Tangerang Regency has not reached its full potential. The suboptimal implementation of the link and match policy can be attributed to subpar message content, ineffective message formats, and less-than-optimal leader perceptions. The weakest elements according to research are the content of the message, the indicator of the credibility of the message as a solution, and the resource costs on the perception of the leader. The strategy formulated to optimize the implementation of the Vocational School link and match policy with Industry, Business & Entrepreneurs in Tangerang Regency, is to implement a progressive or aggressive strategy.

A Novel Framework to Strengthen Early Warning Systems

The impact of disasters on the population and environment is an important research area. Multiple criteria need to be analyzed while making policy decisions in order to control the effect of a disaster. Researchers have used many variants of the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method for prioritizing the alternatives. Additionally, the detrimental effects of disasters have compelled stakeholders to proactively prepare by strengthening crucial key elements of an Early Warning System (EWS) so that timely alerts can be produced. In this paper, a Disaster Information Provider (DIP) framework is proposed, which employs a TOPSIS variant to bolster weak elements of a people-centric EWS. Governments may utilize delivered rankings to strengthen the weak elements of the EWS in an affected area. Extensive experimentation proves the usability of the DIP framework for strengthening EWS.

Weak Galerkin finite element method for second order problems on curvilinear polytopal meshes with Lipschitz continuous edges or faces.

In this paper, we propose new basis functions defined on curved sides or faces of curvilinear elements (polygons or polyhedrons with curved sides or faces) for the weak Galerkin finite element method. Those basis functions are constructed by collecting linearly independent traces of polynomials on the curved sides/faces. We then analyze the modified weak Galerkin method for the elliptic equation and the interface problem on curvilinear polytopal meshes with Lipschitz continuous edges or faces. The method is designed to deal with less smooth complex boundaries or interfaces. Optimal convergence rates for and errors are obtained, and arbitrary high orders can be achieved for sufficiently smooth solutions. The numerical algorithm is discussed and tests are provided to verify theoretical findings.

Weak Galerkin finite element methods for H(curl;Ω) and H(curl,div;Ω)-elliptic problems

Weak Galerkin finite element methods for H(curl;Ω) and H(curl,div;Ω)-elliptic problems

A stabilizer-free weak Galerkin finite element method with Alikhanov formula on nonuniform mesh for a linear reaction-subdiffusion problem

A stabilizer-free weak Galerkin finite element method with Alikhanov formula on nonuniform mesh for a linear reaction-subdiffusion problem

Examining the spatial networks of an urban agglomeration through the lens of multi-dimensional element flow: Evidence from western China

The Chengdu–Chongqing urban agglomeration (CCUA), as the only national-level city cluster in southwestern China, serves as a strategic support for the Yangtze River Economic Belt and an important demonstration area for promoting new urbanization in the country. The study of the networked characteristics of the CCUA contributes to a systematic understanding of its spatial connectivity patterns, optimization of spatial structure and layout, and promotion of high-quality regional development. In this study, we constructed models for traffic flow, information flow, migration flow, and composite flow to calculate the strength of connections between cities and the total flow of various elements in the CCUA. ArcGIS spatial visualization tools were used to depict the spatial connectivity patterns of the element flows within the CCUA. Additionally, social network analysis methods, including network density, centrality, and cohesive subgroups analysis, were employed to reveal the spatial network structure characteristics of the CCUA. The findings are as follows: (1) The overall structure of the cities within the CCUA is relatively loose, with significant differences in connectivity strength. It exhibits a west-strong and east-weak pattern, with Chengdu-Chongqing, Chengdu-Deyang, Chengdu-Mianyang, and Chengdu-Meishan occupying the top tier, while Zigong and Ya'an have relatively weak connections with other cities. Chengdu and Chongqing have prominent positions in the CCUA, with Chengdu having a more prominent core position compared to Chongqing, resulting in an overall hierarchical distribution of “1 + 1+7 + 7”. (2) The network density of the element flows in the CCUA is relatively low, indicating a generally weak element connectivity. The centrality of cities other than Chengdu and Chongqing is at a moderate to lower level, suggesting a weak overall resource connectivity capacity in the CCUA. (3) Most cities tend to form cohesive subgroups based on geographic proximity, while the cohesive subgroup in Chongqing is still in its early stages of development due to administrative boundaries. The research results quantitatively depict the spatial network structure characteristics of the CCUA, providing theoretical references for its development.

Free vibration analysis of thin plates with side cracks by the weak form quadrature element method

The weak form quadrature element method is applied to vibration analysis of thin plates with side cracks. Eigenfunctions are introduced into the inner square domain around the crack tip, while the rest of the problem domain is analyzed by the weak form quadrature element method (QEM). The continuity of displacements and slopes on the interface between the inner and outer domains is enforced. A generalized eigenvalue formulation is established after introducing Hamilton’s principle. The first ten nondimensional frequency parameters for several typical problems are obtained and compared with those available in the literature. The corresponding modes of free vibration are plotted, and the influence of the crack on vibration frequencies and modes is discussed at length.

Nonlinear Bifurcation and Post-buckling Analysis of Cylindrical Composite Stiffened Laminates Based on Weak Form Quadrature Element Method

Nonlinear Bifurcation and Post-buckling Analysis of Cylindrical Composite Stiffened Laminates Based on Weak Form Quadrature Element Method

A weak Galerkin finite element method for nonlinear convection-diffusion equation

In this paper, a weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method for one-dimensional nonlinear convection-diffusion equation with Dirichlet boundary condition is developed. Based on a special variational form featuring two built-in parameters, the semi-discrete and fully discrete WG finite element schemes are proposed. The backward Euler method is utilized for time discretization. The WG finite element method adopts locally piecewise polynomials of degree k for the approximation of the primal variable in the interior of elements, and piecewise polynomials of degree k+1 for the weak derivatives. Theoretically, the optimal error estimates in both discrete H1 and standard L2 norms are derived. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the WG finite element approach and validate the theoretical findings.

A weak Galerkin finite element method for 1D semiconductor device simulation models

In this paper, we study a weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method for semiconductor device simulations. We consider the one-dimensional drift–diffusion (DD) and high-field (HF) models, which involves not only first derivative convection terms but also second derivative diffusion terms, as well as a coupled Poisson potential equation. The main difficulties in the analysis include the treatment of the nonlinearity and coupling of the models. The weak Galerkin finite element method adopts piecewise polynomials of degree k for the approximations of electron concentration and electric potential in the interior of elements, and piecewise polynomials of degree k+1 for the discrete weak derivative space. The optimal order error estimates in a discrete H1 norm and the standard L2 norm are derived. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate our theoretical analysis. Moreover, numerical schemes also work out for the discontinuous diffusion coefficient problems.

Convergence analysis of weak Galerkin finite element method for semilinear parabolic convection dominated diffusion equations on polygonal meshes

Convergence analysis of weak Galerkin finite element method for semilinear parabolic convection dominated diffusion equations on polygonal meshes

Optimal order uniform convergence of weak Galerkin finite element method on Bakhvalov-type meshes for singularly perturbed convection dominated problems

In this paper, we propose a weak Galerkin finite element method (WG-FEM) for solving two-point boundary value problems of convection-dominated type on a Bakhvalov-type mesh. A special interpolation operator which has a simple representation and can be easily extended to higher dimensions is introduced for convection-dominated problems. A robust optimal order of uniform convergence has been proved in the energy norm with this special interpolation using piecewise polynomials of degree $k\geq 1$ on interior of the elements and piecewise constant on the boundary of each element. The proposed finite element scheme is {parameter-free formulation} and since the interior degrees of freedom can be eliminated efficiently from the resulting discrete system, the number of unknowns of the proposed method is comparable with the standard finite element methods. An optimal order of uniform convergence is derived on Bakhvalov-type mesh. Finally, numerical experiments are given to support the theoretical findings and to show the efficiency of the proposed method.

A modified weak Galerkin finite element method for parabolic equations on anisotropic meshes

In this paper, we study a modified weak Galerkin finite element method (MWG-FEM) on anisotropic triangular meshes for a class of parabolic equations. Different from conventional weak Galerkin methods, the MWG-FEM replaces the boundary functions by the average of interior functions, which possesses flexibility in the approximation functions and mesh generation. Moreover, MWG-FEM is compatible with anisotropic meshes and suitable for solving problems with anisotropic property. By using the anisotropic interpolation and projection operators, the optimal order error estimate in L2 norm is derived. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the stability and efficiency of the method.

Coming to terms with DORA

The European Union's Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) tackles what is currently seen as a weak element in the financial sector – third-party tech suppliers. But does it affect you? And if so, how should you respond?

The Impact of Climate Change and Window Parameters on Energy Demand and CO2 Emissions in a Building with Various Heat Sources

This article presents an original study on the impact of climate change and the area of windows Awi (factor X1), the thermal transmittance coefficient of windows Uwi (factor X2), and the coefficient of total solar transmittance factor of the glazing ggl (factor X3) on the index of annual usable energy demand for heating EUH (function Y) of a single-family residential building in the climatic conditions of Bialystok (Poland), which were loaded with an equal gradual increase in average monthly external temperature by Δθe,n (factor X4). Based on the results of the computational experiment, a deterministic mathematical model of this dependence was developed, and the effects of selected factors on the Y function were analyzed for the considered climatic conditions. Moreover, in cases of selected variants, the influence of the energy source on the amount of final energy used and CO2 emissions was studied. It was found that an increase in the average monthly external temperature reduces the EUH of the tested building by 8.4% per every 1 °C of increase in Δθe,n. The reduction in CO2 emissions as a result of climate change is visible for systems with low efficiency and high emission factors (wood boiler), while in the case of pro-ecological high-efficiency systems (with a ground-source pump heat) it is inappreciable. Due to the need to decarbonize buildings, knowledge about the impact of the properties of windows, which are the weakest element in terms of heat loss through the building envelope, as well as the type of heat source on heat demand and CO2 emissions, is very important for engineers and designers when making the correct decisions.

Weak form quadrature element analysis of spatial geometrically exact composite beams with torsional warping

Spatial thin-walled laminated composite beams under large deformations with torsional warping effects are studied. A novel two-dimensional cross-section model for composite beams with shear and torsion-warping deformations is proposed wherein the three-dimensional warping and coupling effects caused by inhomogeneous anisotropic materials are considered. A weak form quadrature element formulation is established for nonlinear analysis of geometrically exact composite beams with torsional warping and shear deformations. By combining the two-dimensional cross-section model and the nonlinear one-dimensional beam model, the three-dimensional stress and strain fields can be obtained. Numerical examples are provided to investigate the torsional warping effects and verify the effectiveness of the present formulation. Results of the present beam formulation which are achieved at a significantly lower computational cost are in excellent agreement with those of shell and solid models of commercial codes.

Elastic buckling analysis of side-cracked thin plates by weak form quadrature elements

A weak form quadrature element formulation is established for elastic buckling analysis of thin plates with side cracks. The entire problem domain is divided into a square subdomain around the crack tip and several quadrilateral subdomains elsewhere. The stress distribution of a cracked plate is determined in pre-buckling analysis. In either pre-buckling analysis or buckling analysis of a cracked plate, the potential energy of the inner square subdomain is computed using asymptotic displacement expansion around the crack tip, while the potential energy elsewhere is computed using quadrilateral weak form quadrature elements. A generalized eigenvalue problem is dealt with to determine the critical loads and buckling modes. The first ten non-dimensional buckling loads and critical buckling modes for several typical problems are given to validate the present formulation.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS ROLE IN INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT

Artificial Intelligence (AI) represents the ability that technologies or machines have to copy human intelligence as close as possible in order to solve problems and achieve goals. Artificial intelligence systems adapt, analyze data, observe future actions based on existing information and operate autonomously. An interesting change has occurred over time. In the past, the focus was on the hardware, while the software was considered a weak element. Over time, the software element developed, and over time hardware engineers adapted to the evolution becoming software engineers. Algorithms are used to make predictions in almost any field, and if used correctly, the predictions and results are beneficial and commendable. The take-up of these artificial intelligence applications in public institutions is useful to all. Therefore, developing and perfecting basic human skills is important in the long run. Above all, technology enables work to become more human. For managers, leaders or directors it has a tremendous result. It should be pointed out that starting from the first light bulb up to the emergence of the smartphone, technology has evolved. The element that never changes is the people behind the technology, while the most important aspect is that artificial intelligence is changing the working world.