Innovative Way Of Development Research Articles

EXPERIENTIAL METHODS OF STUDYING THEORY AT ENGINEERING UNIVERSITIES

Introduction. Nowadays, the crisis of engineering education is observed around the world. This crisis is caused by prompt rates of development of science, high technologies and equipment, globalization processes, transition of economies of the developed countries to the innovative way of development and it requires the search for corresponding demands from the society and labour market for effective forms and methods of student education in technical specialties. The aims of the present publication are the following: to identify features of productive tutorials for future engineers; to describe experiential method of studying of the theory or otherwise the theoretical-focused method. Methodology and research methods. The methodological framework of the research is based on: practice-centred, person-centred and systemic approaches to education; theories of active and interactive training; methods of generalization and analysis. Results and scientific novelty . In recent years, the sphere of engineering education and generally the higher school have undergone a number of essential changes. It is shown that the ratio in a traditional dyad “theory – practice” has exchanged; its logic is still declared as basic, but in the reality is not any more. The role and value of lectures as source of educational information are defined. The conclusion is drawn that modern students neither from the psychological point of view, nor in connection with badly developed basic skills and abilities are still not ready to active and rational independent training; according students, they prefer less expensive and more effective lecture-based training provided by full-time attendance. It is noted that the declared principle of the practice-oriented training, which is not supported with theoretical base, does not allow the average university graduate to gain today’s in-demand competencies such as mobility, flexibility and adaptability, readiness for change of the place and activity profile, self-learning ability, and ability to plan and predict the prospects of career development, etc. Based on the experience of teachers of engineering higher education institution and own pedagogical activity, the author approves phasing out of the traditional principles of the organization and implementation of educational process caused by discrepancy of its classical model to challenges of modern times. The author proves implementation of a new, experiential method in the higher engineering education, which is directed to development of the theory and its practical consolidation of knowledge. The options for realization of the method are considered; its benefits and drawbacks are presented. This method has the integrated character; the method updates all the types of student educational activity (thinking, actions, speech, emotional and personal perception of a professional context), thus contributing to more effective interiorization of educational information and its conscious development; adhere to the recommendations of the international engineering communities to preparation of technical personnel and requirements of state standards of the higher education. Practical significance . The research materials and proposed approaches to training of engineering staff presented in the publication can be used by teachers of higher education institutions in daily practice for student cognitive activity stimulation and enhancing its efficiency.

NATIONAL MARKET OF METAL PRODUCTION: DIRECTIONS OF POLICY FORMATION OF COMPETITIVE DEVELOPMENT

Topicality. The importance of the mining and metallurgical industry in the conditions of globalization and internationalization of world market of raw materials and commodity market is to provide metal-intensive industries with high-quality raw materials. The article deals with the tendencies of development of the world market of metal products. The dynamics of the commodity structure of world exports of the main kinds of metal products is analyzed. The growth of volumes of world consumption of raw material products, especially iron ore, was revealed. The dynamics of the commodity structure of the domestic export of metal products is analyzed. Possible ways of reducing the level of dependence of the metallurgical industry of Ukraine on the foreign economic situation are considered. The main directions of the state policy forming of competitive development of the metallurgical industry have been developed and proposed. Aim and tasks are to substantiate the main ways of forming and implementing the policy of competitive development of the metallurgical industry of Ukraine on an innovative basis. Research results. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of world trends and trends for 2000-2016: production and consumption of steel; export of basic types of metal products; geography of export flows of metal products, as well as the dynamics of development of domestic and external consumption. On the basis of the analysis, the strategic vision of the state competition policy of the metallurgical industry is presented. The purpose of the State Program for Modernization and Development of the Metallurgical Industry of Ukraine until 2027 should be: modernization of production capacities on the basis of identifying priority areas of structural reorganization of the industry focused on the production of environmentally friendly and competitive metal products. The proposed strategy for the development of the industry should be formed on the priorities of the concept of neoindustrialization of the national economy based on: own resources; new technologies; active domestic demand. They are the decisive factors that can bring the metallurgical industry to the path of economic growth and global competitiveness. Conclusions. The metallurgical industry of Ukraine should be a catalyst for sustainable growth of the economy at the expense of the innovative way of development as a result of the triple interaction of education, science and business with state support and improvement of the institutional environment.

Problems Of The Functioning Of Local Labour Markers In The Context Of The New Economic Reality

Barriers of modernizing and innovative developing the social and labour sphere of the Russian economy have been revealed and conceptual principles of state management of the development of economic relations in Russia in the framework of the new economic reality as well as the strategy of resetting the Russian economy on the innovative way of development and increasing business activity have been formulated. Local labour markets have been defined as an economic category. Institutional characteristics of the labour market have been presented, and the process of institualizing the development of economic relations has been explained.

PROBLEMS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Some researchers call the modern stage of development of the world economy “the era of innovations". Studies show that economic and social progress is ensured through an innovative process - the process of producing new knowledge and practices. Thanks to new technologies, deep structural changes are taking place in the economic sectors, new industries are being formed, new jobs are being created. Globalization and the integration of the world economy have further exacerbated competition in the market for high-tech products. In these circumstances, innovative instruments remain the only possible source of increasing the competitiveness of national economies. The innovative way of development of the Russian economy is recognized as the main direction promoting restoration of volumes of production, the international competitiveness, a standard of living of the population, increase of efficiency of national economy, improvement of an ecological condition of a natural environment. Therefore, it is no coincidence that at this stage of development of Russia’s economic system, its main vector is to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of innovation policy. The special attention paid at present to the issues related to the implementation of innovation policy is caused by the active activity of the state, which aims to transfer the Russian economy to the innovative way of development by 2020. It is an undeniable fact that the innovative way of development of the country is the only way to overcome the global socio-economic crises that pose a threat to the sustainable development of the state, both in the present and in the future. This article is devoted to the problems of innovative development of our country.

MOTIVATING STUDENTS TO PARTICIPATE IN PROFESSIONALLY ORIENTED EVENTS MANAGEMENT

Introduction . Nowadays, increasing the motivation of future specialists’ to mastering general and special professional competences is one of the acute issues of the higher education system. Despite a wide-spread popularity and a considerable amount of studies on the problem connected with motivation of training in higher education institution, researchers have not dealt with a mechanism of start of a motivational impulse of professional self-determination and professionalizing such as participation of students in extra-curricular activities and events of professionally oriented format. At the same time, students can find many skills demanded in the chosen profession and practical experience only on condition of their active participation in extra-curricular activities, which allow them to expand and deepen knowledge of the chosen profession received during the classroom activities; to solidify separate blocks of theoretical material in an informal situation. The aims of the research presented in the article are the following: to identify and study the process of motivation to participation in the organization of extra-curricular activities and events of professional orientation among students of different university courses; to disclose the potential of similar work for formation of additional research, organizational, communicatory and other skills and abilities necessary for becoming a valuable specialist. Methodology and research methods . Analytical review and generalization of psychological, pedagogical and methodical literature on the considered problem was conducted at the initial stage of work. The methodological research base involves: conceptual substantive and procedural approaches to studying the phenomenon of motivation; David McClelland’s Human Motivation Theory; Participatory Management Theory; Active Training Theory. Interactive game technologies, anonymous questioning, methods of descriptive and variation statistics were applied at experimental and final (resultant) stages. Processing of the obtained data was conducted by means of the license version of spreadsheet program Microsoft Excel 2010, as well as the Biostatistics 4.03 program. Results and scientific novelty . The practicability of a non-traditional game format of extra-curricular activities as innovative way of development and support of motivation to improvement of personal vocational training among students is proved. General motives of students’ participation in the organization and holding extra-curricular professionally oriented events were revealed on the example of development and realization of educational quest undertaken by students of Kursk State Medical University. It is proved that students’ interest in novelty is the strongest incentive stimulus that motivates young people to take part in voluntary extra-curricular activities beyond the scope of the training program. However, it is found out that accents of motivation depend on the specific personal valuable and substantive tasks solved at each age stage. Results of questioning, as a whole, have proven to be consistent with the conclusions of other studies: first-year students are attracted by non-standard forms of education allowing them to get acquainted closer with the content of the acquired education and future profession; a thirst for new knowledge, a desire to participate in activities and apply previously acquired knowledge is observed in the next two years of students’ preparation; a desire to share experience with younger colleagues and try out as an event organizer is natural for undergraduates. In addition, it is studied out that the motive to learn event planning at the university level and thereby designate a new stage of own personal development is also typical for 2–4th-year students. Practical significance. The present research results might be useful for teachers and specialists of different university subdivisions who are involved in extracurricular activities planning and management.

Innovative development of tourism in Uzbekistan

This paper investigates major points of tourism sector in Uzbekistan while making emphasize on outlook development perspectives. Moreover, the way of innovative ways of development with major outcomes and shortcomings were also underlined with the systematic analyses. In addition, perspective development of the study with the positive modernization and diversification possibilities were stated in order to conduct probable future investigations in the future. Finally yet importantly, perspective of tourism in a country has been analyzed and accentuated as one of the most developing direction of economics as whole.
 Keywords: Innovation, Tourism, Uzbekistan tourism, perspective development, tourism infrastructure, tourism potential

The Educational and Research Centres in Universities

To develop and strengthen the educational and research base of higher educational institutions of the republic of Uzbekistan, which is based on the principle of the unity of scientific and educational processes aimed at improving the efficiency of the economy, defining social and spiritual development of society. The creation of educational and scientific industrial complexes is required today taking into account existing and future needs of the economy, the priorities of science, technology and innovation policy in the interests of science organizations and their effective interaction with the organization. The innovative component is main factor determining the socio-economic development of any country in the XXI century. The innovative way of development allows mastering such a niche in the socio-economic environment, which can contribute to solve the pressing problems of society and economies with the high complexity, learn new modern industry, realize human potential, expand the market for intellectual products, improve the effectiveness of innovation activity, i.e. educational, technological, cultural and moral as well.

Restructuring of the regional investment and construction complex

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need for structural reforms in the regional investment and construction complex, caused by the transition of the Russian economy to an innovative way of development. The purpose of this study is to improve the mechanism for restructuring of the regional investment and construction complex, and to develop a step-by-step model for its implementation. Based on the analysis of the state of the regional investment and construction complex, factors that adversely impact the efficiency of innovation processes in the regional economy and issues that hamper development of the regional investment and construction complex are revealed. A mechanism for restructuring of the regional investment and construction complex has been developed, which includes five interrelated elements: target functions, links of the mechanism, and normative, strategic and operational subsystems that allow reflecting the transformations implemented in the regional economy as a whole, and in the investment and construction complex of the region in particular. A step-by-step model for the restructuring of the regional investment construction complex is proposed, the practical use of which will improve the performance of the investment and construction complex, the enterprises that make up its structure, as well as the indicators of the region’s economic development as a whole. A system of equations is proposed, with the help of which it is possible to describe changes in interaction with the economy of a particular region in the regional investment and construction complex and the enterprises that make it up. In the work, methods of systemic analysis and tools of mathematical statistics and economic and mathematical modeling have been used.

Management of Regional Innovation Development

In modern conditions of dynamically changing environment, questions about new regional ways of innovative development are being updated. Researches confirm that the innovative development of regions is becoming a significant factor in increasing the competitiveness of the region and the formation of high innovative activity. The purpose of the article is to identify the essence of modern approaches to the management of regional innovative development, that are appropriate in the context of transformational changes and to analyze them. To achieve this goal next following tasks have to be done: to study main methods of managing the regional innovative development; to analyze legal and legislative framework; to analyze statistical indicators of innovative development of the region; to identify regions-leaders and regions-outsiders in Ukraine; to study the concept and essence of Smart Specialization Strategies and the entrepreneurial discovery process in the conditions of the Ukrainian regions’ development. The article discusses the competitiveness and efficiency of innovations in a regional context. These are two interrelated economic categories, reflected in their synergistic effect in various areas of the economic and social life of the regions. Their assessment can be carried out at different levels – regional, national and international levels. Regional competitiveness and efficiency of innovation is the result of comprehensive stakeholder actions at these levels. The article also identifies the main obstacles to the management of regional innovation development and analyzes the regulatory and legal framework for the development of innovations at the regional level. The article also carried out a multifactorial comparative analysis based on statistical data of development indicators to assess the development of regions. Regions-leaders and region-outsiders are defined. The article considers the main effective instruments of innovation policy and the most effective ways of its implementation at the regional level. One of the tool is the Smart Specialization Strategy, which aims to grow economically through a strategy based on localization and stakeholder mobilization at the regional level. The paper also studied the entrepreneurial discovery process, that is a «conceptual pillar» of smart specialization.

INNOVATIVE CAPACITY OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMY IN THE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

The purpose of the article consists in the determination of the level of innovation capacity of Ukraine in the international context based on the rating. The method of integrated research allows assessing the innovation of the country’s economy and developing recommendations for its improvement. Methodology. The research is based on a systematic approach to determining the innovation capacity of the Ukrainian economy by international ratings that assess innovation potential, technological and innovation competitiveness. Determination of the innovation potential and innovation capacity of Ukraine’s economy was carried out based on the Global Innovation Index, the Bloomberg Innovation Index, the Global Competitiveness Index, the Innovation Union Scoreboard, and the Global Talent Competitiveness Index. Innovation is a defining characteristic of modern scientific and technical, industrial, socioeconomic, and other social processes. Effective innovation potential is not only a way of dynamic development but also a means of ensuring the country’s security and sovereignty, its competitiveness in the modern world. Results of the research indicate that the formation and implementation of innovation potential and the introduction of innovations in Ukraine is characterized by low indexes. Such preconditions for innovative development as human capital, education, and science receive relatively higher ratings (although there are problems in these areas that need to be addressed). Stable lower ratings (which stipulate the overall rating of the country) have political factors, the state of the regulatory environment and institutional preconditions for the transition to an innovative way of development. Practical implications. In order to increase the innovation capacity of the country’s economy and within the framework of the European integration processes in the field of innovation policy of Ukraine, the following measures are proposed: to improve the framework conditions for innovation activity; to implement innovative partnerships; to strengthen tools to support innovations and simplify administrative procedures to facilitate access to financing, especially for small business entities; to stimulate the formation of partnerships and links between education, business, science, and innovation and to stimulate entrepreneurship by supporting young innovative companies. Proportion/originality. The results of the research made it possible to propose specific initiatives, the implementation of which will have a positive impact on the national innovation system and increase the innovative capacity of the Ukrainian economy, in particular: to accelerate the development and implementation of “innovation laws”; to review the list and content of the existing scientific and technical programs with the purpose of more consideration of the world tendencies and their adaptation to the needs of the national economy; to develop an innovation monitoring system, which would be based on the use of indexes of the European Innovation Scoreboard.

Organizational-economic conditions of maintenance of the accelerated development of machine-building branch

The article analyzes and assesses the current situation in the engineering industry of Russia based on statistical reporting data. Conclusions are made about the impact of key economic indicators on the situation in the industry. The main problems on the way of innovative development of the machine-building industry have been identified and organizational and economic instruments for their solution have been proposed.

Analysis of conceptual aspects of institutional and technological design

The object of research is the methodology of institutional and technological design. One of the most problematic places is the inability of economic and social institutions to adapt to change. Therefore, institutional transformations must take into account the specifics of technological dynamics and innovative development priorities that allow to proceed to the development of the scientific foundations of the methodology of institutional and technological design.To determine the goals of institutional and technological design, adapted decision-making methods are used based on the optimization of performance indicators. Methods based on the analysis of schemes for the strategic development of innovation systems and intersectoral high-tech complexes are also used. And also methods of searching for innovative ways of development and methods of integrated economic analysis of development policy.The conceptual foundations of institutional and technological design as a mechanism for creating an institutional and innovative environment are presented, which will support the life cycle of high-tech products and create a positive image of the country's technological capabilities and prospects. A conceptual scheme of institutional and technological design based on the evaluation of current technological trends and foresight is proposed to select appropriate institutional innovations (innovation packages) and develop institutional projects for their implementation in the existing institutional matrix.Institutional and technological design is characterized by an orientation toward obtaining synergistic effects due to technological factors of development and structural reorganization of the innovation system.The integral result of institutional and technological design should be the increase in the effectiveness of the management system by optimizing the functional responsibilities of organizational structures, the use of information and communication technologies and the creation of an effective monitoring system with a view to balanced development of the innovation system.

Innovative leasing engineering as tool for synchronization of innovative, leasing and buying cycles

This article suggests a new principle of cyclic synchronization of innovative, leasing and buying cycles in construction “innovative leasing engineering” which facilitates the accelerated transition of the national economy to the innovative way of development. Cyclical nature of economic phenomena is not only their immanent property, but also the subject of economic analysis. Modern format of decision making management requires analysis of the many cycles which fill any kind of activity. Accounting and reconciliation of construction, design, investment, buying, reproduction, leasing and other cycles is important for investment and construction sphere from the point of view of necessity for synchronization and position of determining the nature of trends in sectoral development.

Проблемы развития международных транспортных коридоров на территории Российской Федерации

In the transition of the leading countries of the world on an innovative way of development, transport is considered as one of the most important factors of socio-economic growth in Russia. Transport contributes to strengthening the unity of the economic area of the country, improves the interregional and international transport and economic relations, increases the efficient using of natural resources, develops entrepreneurship and international cooperation. However, there is a number of obstacles before implementation of transport and transit potential of Russia. The paper deals with features of international and national transport corridors on the territory of Russia and the key problems of their functioning and possible ways to overcome them.

ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ ПУТЬ РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНОВ: ОБЪЕКТИВНАЯ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ

ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ ПУТЬ РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНОВ: ОБЪЕКТИВНАЯ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ

From Rise of Book Printing to Library Innovations of the 21st century: “Rumyantsev Readings — 2017”

International scientific-practical conference “Rumyantsev Readings — 2017” devoted to the “500th Anniversary of the Edition of the first Slavonic Bible of Francysk Skaryna: Development of Book Printing Culture” was held in the Russian State Library (RSL) on 18—19 April, 2017. Organizers of the conference were the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Belarus, the Russian State Library, the National Library of Belarus and the Library Assembly of Eurasia. In addition to the main topic there was considered the wide range of issues on theory and practice of the library science, bibliography science, bibliology, history of public depositories and private collections, important areas of the activity of modern libraries. There was held the plenary session of the Interregional Committee on Cataloguing the “New Stage of Development of the Russian and International Cataloguing”. There was organized the work of five Round Tables. “Rumyantsev readings — 2017” helped to attract attention to the issues of preserving and studying the world cultural heritage and national values, issues of functioning of the libraries in the present historical phase, the search of ways of innovative development, enhanced cooperation between institutions of culture, education, science and intercultural interaction. It can be stated that the traditional annual conference of the Russian State Library today is one of the largest scientific-practical events on library topics on the territory of Russia and can rightfully claim the international status.

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MANUFACTURE OF HIGH-CAPACITY GAS TURBINE PLANTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The tasks of ensuring reliable and uninterrupted supply of electricity to consumers, industrial and environmental safety, the ability to monitor the state of energy equipment, to forecast and prevent emergencies, with the current situation in the energy sector taken into account, are becoming top priority areas for development of the industry’s production complex. Developments in the foreign policy and the global economic situation have signifi cantly changed the market conditions for manufacturers of power equipment, generating new challenges to Russia’s power engineering. Solving the problem of innovative development of the Russian power engineering industry has its specifi cs. First, the equipment used at the power industry facilities of the Russian Federation is mostly foreign-made, previously purchased and not requiring replacement in connection with expiration of its service life. Second, foreign-made equipment has improved technical and operational characteristics, is easy to use, can be maintained with a guaranteed supply of spare parts, and is provided with easily integrated complementary goods, such as software for industrial plant management, additional industrial safety systems, etc. Third, the manufacture and assembly of foreign equipment are localized mainly at places of the greatest demand, which gives an additional advantage to foreign producers for its delivery and subsequent maintenance. Fourth, the sale and support of foreign-made equipment are carried out by a well-organized dealer network. Fifth, one should note the high level of organization of technological processes for development, introduction and production of foreign equipment. It is based on these specifi c features that the structure of energy needs in high capacity gas turbines is formed, and the prospects for development of power engineering in this area are substantiated, the needs are shown, and the power rating values are substantiated for gas turbines for machine-building plants to place orders. The retrospective analysis of turbine construction in Russia enables to determine the prospects for its development. Successful development of turbine construction in Russia requires creating industrial and organizational infrastructure. Conclusions drawn as a result of analysis of the problem are of practical signifi cance and form an innovative way of development of heavy energy machine building.

РАЗВИТИЕ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО КАПИТАЛА ФИРМЫ

The article considers the significance of innovative way of development under conditions of economic crisis. Intellectual capital is the basis of such development. It is proposed to allocate innovative intellectual capital that includes knowledge and skills to create, discover and implement innovations. There are various models of intellectual capital; however, in the majority of cases they are human, organizational and client identical components of intellectual capital that are allocated. In the author’s opinion, the effective use of intellectual capital within this strategy is connected with the presence of an important component - innovative intellectual capital (INIC). INIC consists of innovative knowledge and skills to create, discover and implement innovations. Knowledge of a firm depends on the coordinate system which includes nomenclature, assortment, volumes, quality, processes and other characteristics. In the conditions of changing external environment, especially in times of crisis, the existing coordinate system and the corresponding innovative capacity lose their effectiveness due to objective and subjective reasons. Possible options for the development of innovative intellectual capital based on the development of innovative knowledge of a firm's personnel are shown. The development of such knowledge should be based on taking into account the values of consumption and the levels of needs in trainees’ knowledge.

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ РЕСУРСОВ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ: ОСНОВНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ

Economists are interested in problems of increas-ing the efficiency of resource use in industry for a long time. However in modern conditions at the stage of the transfer to innovative way of development in the situa-tion of sanctions it is one of the key problems. In the article the author's principles of industrial systems management are formulated: compliance; systemacity and integrity; safety; coordination. The author's principle is marked out: the principle of alloca-tive according to which it is necessary to accept admin-istrative efforts for maximum effectiveness resources use and the measures applied in management process have to consider heterogeneous nature of the industrial system, and, therefore, in various sectors they have to be various. The author shows a formula for the growth rate of allocation system effectiveness, classification of re-sources and factors is carried out, the directions for the choice of extensive and intensive type of industrial system growth are shown. Special attention is paid to the management of intangible assets. Methods of in-creasing the efficiency of their use at the microlevel (the industrial enterprise) and macrolevel (industrial system of the country) of management are considered. Using the recommendations presented in the article will give the chance to increase allocative efficiency of the used resources, adaptive efficiency of the industrial enterprises that finally will lead to growth of the overall system effectiveness.

INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF AGRICULTURAL CONSULTATIVE NETWORKS AS A FACTOR IN STRENGTHENING THE ECONOMY OF RURAL AREAS OF UKRAINE

The article highlights the scientific substantiation of perspective ways of innovative development of national agricultural advisory services in the context of stimulating economic development in rural areas of Ukraine in the conditions of decentralization of power. The study allowed to establish the existing imbalance in the ratio of the main types of agricultural enterprises and agricultural service cooperatives, falling on one advisory service, as well as to determine the causes of significant imbalances in the regional context, the determination of which offers a number of key innovation priorities, activating the integration of education, research, marketing, economic and financial, consulting and other services necessary to provide a complete infrastructure of the economy of rural areas with the potential of basic institutions of NAAS and MES.