Watermarking Algorithm For Color Image Research Articles

A Color Image Watermark Algorithm Based on Logistic and DWT-SVD

A Color Image Watermark Algorithm Based on Logistic and DWT-SVD

Consideration of a robust watermarking algorithm for color image using improved QR decomposition

In order to protect the digital image copyright, it is necessary to design a robust watermarking algorithm. To achieve this purpose, a novel color image watermarking scheme based on an improved QR decomposition is proposed in this paper. The proposed method gives a new algorithm to find elements of Q and R matrices instead of using the Gram–Schmidt algorithm for QR factorization. First, the R matrix is performed by solving a set of linear equations where diagonal elements of R are checked and modified if they are zero or negative. After that, the Q matrix is computed based on the R matrix. In addition, a novel formula is proposed to improve the extracting time where the first element R(1, 1) of the R matrix is found instead of computing QR decomposition as the previous proposals. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other considered methods in this paper in terms of the quality of the watermarked images. Furthermore, the execution time is significantly improved, and the extracted watermark is more robust against almost tested attacks.

Robust color image watermarking using multiple fractional-order moments and chaotic map

Robust watermarking is an effective method and a promising solution for securing and protecting the copyright of digital images. Moments and moment invariants have become popular tools for robust watermarking due to their geometric invariance and favorable capability of image description. Many moments-based robust watermarking schemes have been proposed. However, there is a challenging problem of these schemes that should be addressed. One of these problems is to improve both imperceptibility and robustness. In contrast, the other problem, most of these schemes used inefficient, traditional computation methods of the moments, resulting in an inaccurate and inefficient performance of the watermarking schemes. To overcome these challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel robust color image-watermarking algorithm based on new multiple fractional multi-channel orthogonal moments, fractional-order exponent moments (MFrEMs), fractional-order polar harmonic transforms (MFrPHTs), and fractional-order radial harmonic Fourier moments (MFrRHFMs). Firstly, highly accurate fractional new multi-channel orthogonal moments are computed for the host color images. Then, more stable and accurate coefficients of fractional new multi-channel orthogonal moments are selected. Finally, a robust color image watermarking approach for multiple watermarks images is proposed based on MFrEMs, MFrPHTs, and MFrRHFMs using a 1D Sine chaotic map. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach provides robustness against various attacks and better imperceptibility than the existing methods.

A high-efficiency blind watermarking algorithm for double color image using Walsh Hadamard transform

A high-efficiency blind watermarking algorithm for double color image using Walsh Hadamard transform

Blind Extraction of Digital Watermarking Algorithm for Color Images

Blind Extraction of Digital Watermarking Algorithm for Color Images

Blind Extraction of Digital Watermarking Algorithm for Color Images

Digital watermark technology hides copyright information in digital images, effectively protecting the copyright of digital images. At present, the color image digital watermarking algorithm still has defects such as the inability to balance robustness, invisibility and the weak anti-attack ability. Aiming at the above problems, this paper studies the digital watermarking method based on discrete wavelet transform and discrete cosine transform. Then this paper proposes a color image blind digital watermarking algorithm based on QR code. First, convert the color image from RGB space to YCbCr space, extract the Y component and perform the second-level discrete wavelet transform. secondly, block the LL2 subband and perform the discrete cosine transform. finally, use the embedding method to convert the watermark information after the Arnold transform embedded in the block. The experimental results show that the PSNR of the color image embedded with the QR code is 56.7159 without being attacked. After being attacked, its PSNR and NC values are respectively 30dB and 0.95 or more, which proves that the algorithm has good robustness and can achieve watermarking blind extraction.

Robust Color Images Watermarking Using New Fractional-Order Exponent Moments

Robust watermarking is a valuable methodology used in protecting the copyright and securing digital images. In this paper, new fractional-order multi-channel orthogonal exponent moments (MFrEMs) and their invariants to geometric transformations are derived for the first time. We utilized these highly accurate moments to construct a new robust watermarking algorithm for color images. This algorithm consists of three phases. First, the bits of the binary watermark scrambled by using a 1D Sine chaotic map. Second, the fractional-order MFrEMs are calculated from the host color image. Finally, a quantization process is performed, where the scrambled bits of the binary watermark embedded into the host color image. Various experiments were conducted to test the proposed watermarking algorithm and compare it with the existing robust watermarking algorithms for color images. The obtained results ensure the proposed robust watermarking algorithm's superiority over existing algorithms regarding the visual imperceptibility and robustness against various attacks.

Blind Extraction of Digital Watermarking Algorithm for Color Images

Blind Extraction of Digital Watermarking Algorithm for Color Images

A Robust Color Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on APDCBT and SSVD

With the wide application of color images, watermarking for the copyright protection of color images has become a research hotspot. In this paper, a robust color image watermarking algorithm based on all phase discrete cosine biorthogonal transform (APDCBT) and shuffled singular value decomposition (SSVD) is proposed. The host image is transformed by the 8 × 8 APDCBT to obtain the direct current (DC) coefficient matrix, and then, the singular value decomposition (SVD) is performed on the DC matrix to embed the watermark. The SSVD and Fibonacci transform are mainly used at the watermark preprocessing stage to improve the security and robustness of the algorithm. The watermarks are color images, and a color quick response (QR) code with error correction mechanism is introduced to be a watermark to further improve the robustness. The watermark embedding and extraction processes are symmetrical. The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively resist common image processing attacks, such as JPEG compression, Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise, average filter, median filter, Gaussian filter, sharpening, scaling attacks, and a certain degree of rotation attacks. Compared with the color image watermarking algorithms considered in this paper, the proposed algorithm has better performance in robustness and imperceptibility.

An improved watermarking algorithm for color image using Schur decomposition

In order to protect the color image copyright protection of the multimedia big data, it is necessary to design a color image watermarking algorithm. To achieve this purpose, an improved color image watermarking algorithm based on Schur decomposition is proposed in this paper. First, the watermark information is, respectively, embedded into the upper triangular matrix and the unitary matrix of Schur decomposition by two different methods, and two temporary watermarked image blocks are obtained. Then, the proposed improved method is used to select the final watermarked image block from these temporary watermarked image blocks. The highlight of the proposed method is that the final watermarked block has less visual distortion. Meanwhile, the embedded flag is created and uploaded to the cloud service provider with the watermarked image. When extracting watermark, the original host image or the watermark image is not needed. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking algorithm has better performance; in particular, the watermark invisibility has been obviously improved than other methods considered in this paper.

A novel hybrid DCT and DWT based robust watermarking algorithm for color images

In this paper, a novel robust color image watermarking method based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is proposed. In this method, RGB cover image is divided into red, green and blue components. DCT and DWT are applied to each color components. Grayscale watermark image is scrambled by using Arnold transform. DCT is performed to the scrambled watermark image. Transformed watermark image is then divided into equal smaller parts. DCT coefficients of each watermark parts are embedded into four DWT bands of the color components of the cover image. The robustness of the proposed color image watermarking has been demonstrated by applying various image processing operations such as rotating, resizing, filtering, jpeg compression, and noise adding to the watermarked images. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust to the linear and nonlinear attacks and the transparency of the watermarked images has been protected.

A Novel Watermarking Algorithm for Color Images Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform

A Novel Watermarking Algorithm for Color Images Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform

A Novel Digital Watermarking Algorithm for Medical Color Image

In this paper, we propose a novel medical color image digital watermarking algorithm, which can realize watermark capacity, transparency and robustness effective compromise. We encrypt the watermark image by Arnold Transform at first and then take it into a random sequence. The principal component of medical image is divided into some sub-blocks with 4×4 and each block is transformed by DCT. One bit of watermark is embedded by comparing the size of specific DCT coefficients in the adjacent sub-blocks. Watermark can be extracted without the original medical image. The experimental results show that the digital watermarking algorithm has a high transparency and big capacity as well as certain robustness.

Blind Watermarking Algorithm for Color Images Based on Nearest Neighbor Interpolation

In this paper, we present a blind digital watermarking method for color image based on nearest neighbor interpolation. The algorithm has the following characteristics: (1) it generate adaptive watermark based on the size of carrier image,so as to improve the robustness of binary watermark; (2) the watermark is embedded in the DCT coefficient of intermediate frequency, which can effectively resist common attacks, such as Gaussian noise-adding, salt and pepper noise-adding, cropping, Wiener filtering, JPEG compression;(3) the watermarking detection is simple and fast, and does not require carrier image. The experiments show that the algorithm has good invisibility and strong robustness.

A Digital Watermarking Algorithm for Color Image Based on DWT

An efficient digital watermark embedding algorithm for color image was presented in this paper, which is based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the spectral characteristics of human vision system. Firstly, three color separations was performed for color image, and color components of color image were transformed by DWT. Secondly, the embedding position of the watermark was confirmed by comparing the energy value of the low frequency sub-band in the transformed blue component and green component. Thirdly, the watermark was made Arnold Transform for encryption and was embedded in the color component with a larger power. Finally, this paper made the simulation experiments to evaluate the performance of the watermark. The simulation results showed that the embedded watermark had good invisibility and robustness for the common image processing, such as filtering, noise, especially compression and cropping. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i6.2681 Full Text: PDF

A Watermarking Algorithm Based on Wavelet and Hadamard Transform for Color Image

Digital image watermarking is a useful solution to the problem of information security, copyright and network security. In this paper, we propose a watermarking algorithm for color image based HT and DWT. A binary image as watermark is embedded into green component or blue component of color image. The algorithm can satisfy the transparence and robustness of the watermarking system very well. The experiment based on this algorithm demonstrates that the watermarking is robust to the common signal processing techniques including JPEG compressing, adding noise, low pass filter, and mosaic.

A novel blind digital watermarking algorithm for embedding color image into color image

A robust and blind watermarking technique for dual color images is proposed in this paper. According to the energy concentrating feature of DCT, the two-level DCT is introduced and used to embed color watermark image into color host image, which is completely different with the traditional DCT. For reducing the redundancy of watermark information, the original color watermark image is compressed by the proposed compression method. After two-level DCT, nine AC coefficients in different positions of each sub-block are selected and quantified to embed watermark information. Moreover, only the extraction rules are used to extract watermark from the watermarked image without resorting to the original host image or watermark image. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking algorithm can effectively improve the quality of the watermarked image and the robustness of the embedded watermark against various attacks.

A Digital Watermarking Algorithm of Color Image Based on Wavelet Transform

This paper presents an algorithm by embedding a digital watermark into an original color image. Considering the characteristics of HVS, YUV color space is employed, this algorithm presents a new adaptive digital audio watermarking based on discrete cosine transform. The result of the experiment shows that the proposed algorithm has good robustness against various image processing and attacks, good invisibility and stability.