Water Pumping Stations Research Articles

Organizing the automated system of dispatch control over pump units at water pumping stations

The design and operation of modern dispatch control systems for pumping units involves comprehensive solution to separate engineering, technical, and scientific problems. The object of research is information processes enabling the operational modes of electrically driven pumping units at water pumping stations. This paper solves the scientific and technical task related to developing topology, hardware, and software tools, control algorithms, dispatch interface, and researching the modes of operation of pumping units in dispatch control systems at water pumping stations. Algorithms for controlling pumping units have been implemented, the advantage of which is the possibility of automated calculation of parameters for technological PID-controllers, taking into account the current electrical parameters of the frequency-controlled electric drive of pumping units and operating conditions. The WEB-oriented dispatch interface of the SCADA-based pumping unit control system was designed and tested, which enables control process in real time. Features of the developed dispatch control system are improved topology, expanded functionality, energy-saving control modes, and the possibility of further modernization based on the principles of standardization and unification of hardware and software tools and design procedures. The developed dispatch control system for pumping units at water pumping stations has been implemented and is successfully operated at an industrial water supply enterprise. The results provided for an increase in technical and economic indicators during the operation of technological equipment due to the efficiency of control and management procedures, energy-saving operational modes of the frequency-controlled electric drive of pumping units.

Optimization and Regulation Method for Large Blade-regulating Pump Stations Considering Safety Constraints

Abstract In plain areas, making flood control and drought resistance a heavy task. Large water pumping stations undertake the important task of water lifting and scheduling. Due to the physical characteristics of large pumping stations, they are often affected by the upstream and downstream water levels during water lifting scheduling, resulting in low head operating conditions. Low head operating conditions can easily cause pumping stations to operate at excessive power, thereby affecting the health of pumping station equipment. Based on the head efficiency curve of a large blade regulating pump station in this article, by optimizing the regulating mathematical model and considering constraints such as water level, flow rate, power, efficiency, and blade angle adjustment time interval under low head conditions, a dynamic programming calculation method is adopted to construct an optimized regulating method for the pump station. Based on real-time water level, various operating data of the unit are optimized to ensure the blade angle, power, and the flow rate and other parameters are all within the safety constraint range. And various operating data could be used to guiding the real-time optimization and adjustment of the pumping station, and additionally providing the operating foundation for the intelligent pumping station.

Trend Prediction and Operation Alarm Model Based on PCA-Based MTL and AM for the Operating Parameters of a Water Pumping Station.

In order to effectively predict the changing trend of operating parameters in the pump unit and carry out fault diagnosis and alarm processes, a trend prediction model is proposed in this paper based on PCA-based multi-task learning (MTL) and an attention mechanism (AM). The multi-task learning method based on PCA was used to process the operating data of the pump unit to make full use of the historical data to extract the key common features reflecting the operating state of the pump unit. The attention mechanism (AM) is introduced to dynamically allocate the weight coefficient of common feature mapping for highlighting the key common features and improving the prediction accuracy of the model when predicting the trend of data change for new working conditions. The model is tested with the actual operating data of a pumping station unit, and the calculation results of different models are compared and analyzed. The results show that the introduction of multi-task learning and attention mechanisms can improve the stability and accuracy of the trend prediction model compared with traditional single-task learning and static common feature mapping weights. According to the threshold analysis of the monitoring statistical parameters of the model, a multi-stage alarm model of pump unit operation condition monitoring can be established, which provides a theoretical basis for optimizing operation and maintenance management strategy in the process of pump station management.

Decision Tree Analysis Approaches to Classify Sensors Data in a Water Pumping Station

Decision Tree Analysis Approaches to Classify Sensors Data in a Water Pumping Station

Advances in Hydrodynamics of Water Pump Station System

As an indispensable part of water conservancy engineering construction, the importance of pumping stations is reflected in several aspects [...]

Hydrogen Storage and Combustion for Blackout Protection of Mine Water Pumping Stations

Global warming increases the risk of power outages. Mine water pumping stations pump approximately 100 million m3 of water per year (2023). The cessation of mine water pumping would expose neighboring mines and lower lying areas to flooding. The pumping stations have some containment, but a prolonged shutdown could cause environmental problems. Remediation of the resulting damage would be costly and time-consuming. The combination of the problems of dewatering abandoned mines and storing energy in the form of hydrogen to ensure continuity of power supply to pumping stations has not been the subject of extensive scientific research. The purpose of this paper was to develop options for protecting mine water pumping stations against the “blackout” phenomenon and to assess their investment relevance. Six technically feasible options for the modernization of mine water pumping stations were designed and analyzed in the study. All pumping station modernization options include storage of the generated energy in the form of green hydrogen. For Q1 2024 conditions, the option with the partial retail sale of the produced hydrogen and the increased volume of produced water for treatment is recommended for implementation.

The Cost Reduction Analysis of Green Hydrogen Production from Coal Mine Underground Water for Circular Economy

The novelty of the paper is the analysis of the possibilities of reducing the operating costs of a mine water pumping station in an abandoned coal mine. To meet the energy needs of the pumping station and reduce the carbon footprint, “green” energy from a photovoltaic farm was used. Surplus green energy generated during peak production is stored in the form of green hydrogen from the water electrolysis process. Rainwater and process water are still underutilized sources for increasing water resources and reducing water stress in the European Union. The article presents the possibilities of using these waters, after purification, in the production of green hydrogen by electrolysis. The article also presents three variants that ensure the energy self-sufficiency of the proposed concepts of operation of the pumping station.

Design of Water Pump Station Control in Polder System using IoT and Hybrid Fuzzy Neural Network

This study aims to design a prototype of water pump station control in a polder system using IoT and artificial intelligence at Sringin Polder system. The design includes the hydrology analysis to define how the pump station should be set to control the level of the embankment. The second part is the IoT system that contain the sensor and interface to the water pump in the pump station. The third part is the core of control system using hybrid fuzzy neural network as the heart of the control system. Pump station has important role in the polder system to control the level of water in embankment. Five pumps in the system should operate based on schedule determined by the hydrology modelling. Since it is located in separate area with the control room, MQTT protocol is used to deliver data communication in both ways, to send the water level detected by ultrasonic sensor and also to switch on and off the pump by control system. In other hand, hybrid fuzzy neural network is used to control the pump scheduling based on water level detected.

The use of energy management ISO 50001 to increase the effectiveness of water treatment plants: An application study on the Zai water treatment plant

This study sought to determine the impact of implementing the energy management system ISO 50001 on the Zai Water Treatment Plant's energy efficiency performance and demonstrate how this implementation affected the cost and rate of energy consumption. The proposed study model contained three dependent variables—energy consumption, energy efficiency, and the cost of energy consumption. It also contained an independent variable—the energy management system ISO 50001. All these variables were used to develop various questions to help accomplish the study's goals. Planning was done by selecting pumping stations, selecting the most energy-consuming type of pump, and finally, choosing a pump maintenance project to improve energy performance. The researcher used the case of the Zai water pumping station as an example where the ISO 50001 energy management system was applied along with the stages of the Deming Cycle of management. Four pumping units from the Zai water pumping station served as the research sample for the study.•Find the impact of implementing the ISO 50001 energy management system on the energy efficiency performance of the Zai water treatment plant.•The effects of implementing ISO 50001 energy management system on cost and energy consumption at the Zai water treatment plant.•What effect does the ISO 50001 energy management system affect the Zai Water Treatment Plant's energy efficiency?After applying the ISO 50001 energy management system, several conclusions were drawn. Energy costs and consumption rates in the pumping units dropped while the energy efficiency in the chosen pumping units increased.

Dynamic Control of Fuel Cell Powered Water Pumping Station

An efficient renewable green energy system consisting a hydrogen PEM-fuel cell as an energy sources is simulated and studied in this paper. The proposed green scheme has four separate key components. The first is the green power generation source. The second is the interfacing DC-DC converter used to connect green power generator fuel cell to the load bus. The third is a common DC interface-bus where the generated energy is collected in a DC form. The fourth comprises all interfacing error driven controllers and novel modulated green plug power filter (GPPF) used to reduce ripple variations and stabilize the common DC-Bus voltage. In this paper, the novel multi-loop error driven dynamic controller scheme is implemented for speed control of the PMDC motor. This multi-loop controller comprises three basic loops, the main supplementary dynamic momentum loop to ensure fast dynamic and minimum current and torque ripple content. The proposed fuel cell generation scheme provides efficient and optimum dynamic operation to enhance system performance and secure energy supply. The proposed integrated hybrid system with all subsystems has been simulated using the Matlab Simulink/Sim-Power software environment and validated for voltage stabilization, efficient utilizations and enhanced power quality under different operating conditions, sudden load excursions, despite the non-linear volt-ampere characteristic of the fuel cell DC generator source.

Application of hybrid renewable energy systems for supplying electricity demand of a water pump station of agricultural plants: a case-based research

Abstract Employing clean energy production in agricultural purposes has attracted the attention of many researchers. One of the challenges is the flexible nature of irrigation of the plants that need to have a changeable power source of pump stations to supply the load demands. Renewable energies are among the best solutions to supply environmentally-friendly power, especially in remote areas where there is no access to the electricity. This study considers the needed water of five different plants, and according to the calculated hydromodule, the capacity of the pump station as well as its monthly and yearly load demands are determined. Based on the calculated load demand, different configurations of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) are considered, and the optimum sizes of equipment are determined. The needed load demand is 1463 kWh/day and peak load is 266.16 kW. Based on the suppositions and inputs of this study, results show that the best economic configuration would be PV/wind turbine/diesel generator/battery the way that cost of energy (COE) and net present cost (NPC are 0.28 ($/kWh) and $2.48 million. Also, the best environmentally friendly system (PV/wind turbine/battery) where CO2 emission is zero and RF is 100%, can be obtained with 647 kW PV panels and 106 wind turbines, the way that COE and NPC values are 0.5 ($/kWh) and 4.41 $ million. To reach the best technical system (PV/generator/battery), 514 kW PV, 100 kW diesel generator, and 1816 batteries would have the least unmeted load and excess electricity where COE and NPC values are 0.34 ($/kWh) and 2.98$ million.

Pilot project to increase the economic efficiency of surface water pumping stations

Pilot project to increase the economic efficiency of surface water pumping stations

A Genetic Optimisation Model for Energy Conservation of Circulating Water Pump Station with Variable Speed Pumps

A Genetic Optimisation Model for Energy Conservation of Circulating Water Pump Station with Variable Speed Pumps

The management of power supply security of mine water pumping station

Purpose: Growing global warming increases the threat of energy supply security in the form of the “blackout” phenomenon. Pumping stations pump out approximately 100 million m3 of water annually (data from 2023). Discontinuation of mine water pumping would expose neighbouring mines and lower-lying areas to flooding. Design/methodology/approach: For the designed database of functional scenarios of the mine water pumping station, the optimal variant was selected based on economic and ecological criteria as well as the energy security criterion. Findings: The research analyzed five technically feasible variants of modernization of mine water pumping stations. Each variant is characterized by a different degree of security of energy supply and a different level of meeting energy demand. Research limitations/implications: All variants of modernization of the pumping station provide for the production of electricity for own needs. All investment attractiveness factors should be taken into account while making investment decisions. It is up to the decision-maker to make the final multi-criteria decision so as to implement the selected variant. Practical implications: One of the challenge is to ensure security of energy supplies in the event of a sudden energy shortage. Pumping stations have some retention, nevertheless a longer shutdown time could lead to environmental problems. Removing the damage would definitely require large financial expenditures and would take several years. Social implications: The planned project of the energy supply security can have a positive impact on the local community and economy. The projects discussed will create new markets related to "green energy". Originality/value: The aim of the article is to assess the investment relevance of safety projects for power supply to mine water pumping stations. The combination of the problems of drainage of liquidated mines, the use of renewable energy sources and energy storage to improve the security of power supply to pumping stations has not been the subject of scientific research so far. Keywords: drainage of liquidated mines, energy storage, renewable sources of energy, hydrogen extraction, revitalization of post-mining installations. Category of the paper: Research paper, conceptual paper, case study

A genetic optimisation model for energy conservation of circulating water pump station with variable speed pumps

A genetic optimisation model for energy conservation of circulating water pump station with variable speed pumps

The outflow characteristics of PV water lifting systems based on multiple tracking strategies

In order to clarify the problems of high failure rate, low efficiency, and low outflow rate of PV water pumping stations in pastoral areas due to large differences in resource conditions and poor equipment matching, this study uses the PV water supply model, establishes a pilot site for PV human storage water supply in pastoral areas, carries out research on the relationship between solar energy resources, water supply demand and power system of PV water pumping stations based on group observation tests in the field, and analyzes the PV system. We analyzed the relationship between different tracking operation modes and the amount of solar radiation and water supply flow, and compared the outflow characteristics of fixed type, single-axis tracking type, and double-tracking axis type, in order to explore a kind of PV water pumping station technology suitable for human storage and drinking water in pastoral areas, which can meet the water demand of pastoral water users. The research results show that the single-axis and dual-axis water lifting systems are significantly more efficient than the fixed-support water lifting system, receiving solar radiation at more than 80% of the maximum radiation throughout the day, and lifting water flow at more than 90% of the maximum discharge flow. Compared with the fixed-support PV water lifting system, the radiation of the single-axis PV water lifting system increases by 28.9%, and the daily water output increases by 43%; for the dual-axis PV water lifting system, compared with the single-axis PV water lifting system, the daily radiation of the dual-axis PV water lifting system increased by 4.8% and the daily water output increased by 3.2%; the starting radiation of the PV water lifting system was 256 W/m2.

Intelligent real-time scheduling of water supply network based on deep learning

Abstract Inappropriate scheduling plans can result in additional economic losses and the safety of water distribution network (WDN). Optimizing manual experience based scheduling plans can help water utilities rationally allocate water plants and pump stations, ensuring the safety, stability, and economy of the water supply system. However, there is a lack of real-time, rational, and optimized scheduling methods. To address this, we proposed a novel intelligent scheduling framework based on deep learning. In this framework, two neural network models, multi-heads convolutional gated recurrent unit network (MH-CGRU) and multi-head gated recurrent unit network (MH-GRU), can effectively extract key features from the WDNs. Operating data were used as decision variables to predict and generate scheduling orders for water plants and pump stations, respectively. The rationality of the orders is verified by combining a high precision online hydraulic model and the evaluation of the operational status of the WDNs. This system has been deployed in a real WDN and put into practical application. From June to November of 2022, the total adoption rate of all orders reached 96.29%, with the average deviation between predicted and actual control targets being less than 5%, and energy consumption decreased by 3.05% compared to the previous year.

Analysis of the Use of a Low-Power Photovoltaic System to Power a Water Pumping Station in a Tourist Town

The increase in electricity generation prices represents a reason why water utility companies are looking for ways to reduce costs. One of the first ideas of users was to build photovoltaic installations. Water treatment plants or sewage treatment plants usually have large unused areas. They look different in facilities that consume a lot of energy but occupy little land, and include water intakes (wells) and water pumping stations. Facilities equipped with pumps are characterized by high electricity consumption. This article assesses the possibility of using PV installations at the water intake. An analysis of energy production from the 3.0 kW PV installation in Polanica-Zdrój was carried out, and then, simulations of the possibility of providing energy via installations with capacities of 3.0 kW, 4.2 kW, and 6.0 kW were performed. Analyses of energy production and demand, as well as analyses of water production based on annual, monthly, daily, and hourly data, were performed. An analysis of the hourly coverage of the WPS’s demand for electricity was carried out with regard to the current production of energy from the PV installation, as was an analysis of the overproduction of energy from the PV installation regarding the energy demand of the WPS. The simulation results are presented for cloudy and sunny days.

Unit Operation Combination and Flow Distribution Scheme of Water Pump Station System Based on Genetic Algorithm

Pump station engineering is a water conservancy project that utilizes water pump units for energy transfer and conversion, and safe water transportation. This study ensures the safe and efficient operation of the pumping station system by taking a pump station project containing seven water pump units as the research object. Under the premise that the total water intake of the pumping station is certain, the flow distribution of the pumping station is optimized with the working flow and head as the constraint function, and the minimum operating cost as the objective function, and the required number of operating units is determined to obtain the optimal combination of flow distribution and the corresponding working flow of each operating unit. Compared with previous studies, the novel feature of this study is that a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the power-up combination and rationally distribute the flow, which can minimize the energy consumption and maximize the operation efficiency of the pumping station. Then, a genetic-algorithm-based optimization method is constructed for unit operation combination and flow distribution. The optimized combination of units is evaluated by using the uniformity of flow velocity at the inlet section of the water pump and the average deviation angle of the section as indicators. The results indicate that, when each operating unit in the pump station has the same working flow distribution, the total input power of the pump station is at maximum. As the differences increase in the working flow rates allocated to each operating unit, the total input power of the pump station decreases. Through the proposed schemes, the optimal operating combination and flow distribution of the pump station system can be achieved when the total water intake is constant, thereby enabling efficient operations and creating maximum economic and social benefits.

Designing a Model of Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System for Off-Grid Localities in Tanzania

Modeling of photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system for rural water localities is vital especially in these modern days, in Tanzania. This is due to the rise of high number of solar-powered rural water projects constructed lacking appropriate design. The fate result into poor and substandard projects delivering below expectations. Kikombo Solar Water Project situated in Dodoma; Tanzania is one among poorly designed solar project chosen as a case study to validate proposed model. The main problem of Kikombo project is unsatisfactory amount of water from domestic points to satisfy population demand. This matter has been raised by pumping-station attendants and the Kikombo village community. The Kikombo water project can only deliver 14.21 m3/day while required demand is 50 m3/day. In order to solve the existing problem, solar water pumping model was developed. It consists of PV array, a motor-pump (AC), inverters (DC–AC converter), maximum power point tracker (MPPT) integrated with a controller and a storage water tank. Analysis was done in MATLAB to estimate which parameters should be upgraded to meet the water requirements. Moreover, the input and output variable for each model component were identified and simulated in MATLAB software. Finally, PV model was validated and system capacity improvement to rectify designs limitation for Kikombo is proposed. The model results were validated through real measurement data at Kikombo water pumping station. The differential error of 0.04062 was observed as a system error. PV model displayed an error of 0.0509 for power output, 0.0383 for current and 0.0131 for voltage; inverter displayed error of 0.0686 and 0.0406 for motor pump. In order to acquire sufficient water demand of 50 m3 /day, the PV panel and pump capacities should be increased to 8.82 kW and 7.35 kW respectively from the existing PV panel’s power of 2.5 kW and motor-pump of 4 kW.