Water-based Paint Research Articles

DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS (DSSC): AN APPROACH TO PRACTICE IN UNDERGRADUATE TEACHING

The aim of this work was to construct and characterize dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) using alternative materials and low-cost equipment. Instead of using the TiO2 semiconductor, a water-based white paint pigment was employed as a substitute. This pigment, when combined with natural dyes, absorbs visible light and acts as the photoelectrode. Pencil graphite was utilized to create the conductive layer, serving as the positive electrode. Lugol’s solution was employed as the electrolyte to establish electrical contact between the two electrodes. These materials were assembled between two glasses with a conductive surface made of tin oxide doped with fluorine (FTO glass). Subsequently, the assembled devices were exposed to three types of lamps: daylight (45 W), LED (15 W), and halogen (105 W), all positioned at the same height as the solar cell. Voltage and current measurements were taken using a simple multimeter. These results enabled the correlation of theoretical concepts related to absorption (dye) and light emission (lamp) ranges, different types of anchoring groups, and the dye-semiconductor anchoring mode. The voltage and current production were found to depend on the type of lighting source. However, it became evident that several factors beyond those mentioned strongly influenced the energy production mode of the solar cell.

Combination of lean thinking and A3 problem-solving methods to reduce the cost of purchasing cleaning agents in a paint manufacturer in Indonesia

One of the manufacturing industries for making solvent-based and water-based paints is located in the Cikarang area, West Java. This paint company is experiencing an increase in production due to a large number of requests for various products. The company's level of cleanliness in maintaining quality and reducing waste of operational costs is the key to the company's success in becoming an international standard company. Every year the company incurs the cost of purchasing a cleaning agent imported from Norway because it is a basic requirement in material inventory to meet customer satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to reduce the wasted costs of purchasing cleaning agents originating from imports, maintaining 5S conditions, and fulfilling customer satisfaction. The method used in this study is a combination of the lean thinking method and the most effective A3 problem-solving method which can help create consistent, clear, and structured problem-solving documentation. This research found that there is a very large cost to buy a cleaning agent in 2021 of IDR 114,331,430 which must be spent by companies in using cleaning agents. The results of this study found that there was a reduction in the cost of purchasing a cleaning agent in 2022 to IDR 4,897,900. Therefore this paint company gets operational cost savings in purchasing cleaning agent materials of 97.71%.

Determining abrasion resistance of decorative coated wood-based panels using retinex model

An Image Processing Based Scrub Tester (IPBST) was used to imitate the effect of household chemicals on furniture and decoration elements. For this purpose, 8 mm-thick, bright white, acrylic coated medium density fiberboard (MDF), polyvinyl chloride coated MDF, MDF lam ready-to-use sheets, and cellulosic, polyurethane, acrylic, and water-based paint applied MDF sheets were used. Carbon fiber patterned decorative coating was applied to the prepared sample surfaces using the water transfer printing and ultraviolet printing methods. The surfaces of the samples were scrubbed with various household chemicals in accordance with the Turkish Standard TS EN ISO 11998. In the image processing phase, the images before and after scrubbing were first converted to hue, saturation, and value color space. The relationship between the abrasion measurement method of the proposed IPBST and the abrasion data obtained from the stereo microscope device was examined using the Pearson Correlation analysis. The relationship between both abrasion test methods was positive, very strong, and significant (0.81). Thus, the IPBST can be used as an alternative to industrial test devices as it obtains similar data.

Near-field exposures and human health impacts for organic chemicals in interior paints: A high-throughput screening

Interior paints contain organic chemicals that might be harmful to painters and building residents. This study aims to develop a high-throughput approach to screen near-field human exposures and health impacts related to organic chemicals in interior paints. We developed mass balance models for both water- and solvent-based paints, predicting emissions during wet and dry phases. We then screened exposures and risks, focusing on Sri Lanka where residential houses are frequently repainted. These models accurately predict paint drying time and indoor air concentrations of organic chemicals. Exposures of both painter and household resident were estimated for 65 organic chemicals in water-based and 26 in solvent-based paints, considering 12 solvents. Chemicals of concerns (CoCs) were identified, and maximum acceptable chemical contents (MACs) were calculated. Water-based paints generally pose lower health risks than solvent-based paints but might contain biocides of high concern. The total human health impact of one painting event on all household adults ranges from 1.5 × 10-3 to 2.1 × 10-2 DALYs for solvent-based paints, and from 4.1 × 10-4 to 9.5 × 10-3 DALYs for water-based paints. The present approach is a promising way to support the formulation of safer paint, and is integrated in the USEtox scientific consensus model for use in life cycle assessment, chemical substitution and risk screening.

Graphene thermally modified with polyvinyl alcohol applied as conductive water-based paints based on polyurethane

This paper presents the fabrication of thermally reduced graphene modified with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which can be used as a conductive water-based paint based on polyurethane (PU). Graphite oxide (GO) was oxidised from graphite by the Hummer method, and then graphene was formed by the thermal-reducing GO method. The graphene was modified by dispersing it into a PVA solution with various concentrations and mass ratios to optimise the modification process. The graphene modified with PVA could be easily dispersed in water. Water-borne PU film-forming polymer was prepared by polymerisation reaction between isophorone diisocyanate with poly(tetramethylene glycol) and dimethylolpropionic acid. The carboxylate functional groups on the surface of the polymer particles make the polymer particles dispersed well and stable in water, so this polymerisation process does not use any surfactants. The characterisation methods included field emission scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), specific surface area measurement, Raman microspectroscopy, resistance measurement... The graphene-based conductive paint has good adhesion, conductivity of the dry paint film was from 0.1-4 mS/cm with graphene content in the dry paint film was about 5-10 wt%.

Analysis of Electromagnetic Shielding Effects Utilizing Water-Based Electromagnetic Shielding Paints in Residential Environments

Analysis of Electromagnetic Shielding Effects Utilizing Water-Based Electromagnetic Shielding Paints in Residential Environments

STABILIZATION OF WATER-COAL COMPO­SITE FUELS USING CARBON MICRO-NANO­MATERIALS AND AMINO ALCOHOLS

The study investigated the potential of stabilizing composite water-coal fuel (CWCF) by adding carbon micro-nanomaterials obtained through the plasma-chemical conversion of organics-containing wastewater and amino alcohols. The study focused on systems based on anthracite with a solid phase concentration of 62%. Two amino alcohols, 2-amino-­2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and 2-amino-­2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol (AEPD) were used at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2.5% by weight of CWCF.
 The low stability and heterogeneity of coal particle distribution in organic liquids cause an increase in the viscosity of dispersed systems in combined systems. To regulate the rheological properties and stabilize the CWCF, chemicals such as dispersants, plasticizers, and stabili­zers are added. The CWCF 's properties can be improved by using additives such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium lignosulfonates, and naphthalene sulfonic acids. However, these reagents may not provide the desired properties of coal slurries in organomineral environments. Therefore, substitutes for these pro­ducts need to be found.
 Amino alcohols are commonly used as dispersants and stabilizers, especially in the production of water-based paints. They are low in cost, low in toxicity, and serve as anti-corrosive agents and pH stabilizers without causing excessive foaming. To strengthen the spatial structure, reactive particles such as carbon micro- and nanomaterials (CNM) can be introduced into the CWCF. Unlike polyelectrolytes and surfactants, CNM particles can have a varying number of active centers depending on the method of formation. By varying the properties of CNMs, it is possible to increase the number of contact centers and form a spatial grid without increasing the concentration of surfactants and polyelectrolytes. This is because contact interactions are activated during grinding, forming a new surface with energy-saturated active centers. As a result, the concentration of the system can be increased, and the calorific value of the fuel can be increased as well. However, the presence of an organic component can render mechanochemical activation ineffective by shielding active sites with large organic molecules. Therefore, identifying the most effective stabilizer reagents and deve­loping technology for their introduction into the dispersed system is a crucial and intricate problem in obtaining CWCF
 The study revealed that the ξ potential of anthracite particles is 40–45 mV in the pre­sence of amino alcohols. Sedimentation stabi­lity in the presence of highly dispersed carbon additives increases from 5–6 to 10–14 days, i.e., almost twice. The introduction of highly dispersed carbon leads to an increase in the effective viscosity of the systems and can be recommended for controlling the fluidity of the CWCF. The technical and operational requirements are best met by the CWCF containing 0.25% AMR and 1% highly dispersed carbon.

New trifunctional acrylic water-based paint with self-cleaning, biocidal and magnetic properties

In the present study, we report the synthesis and application of ZnFe2O4/SiO2-TiO2 nanocomposites with non-stoichiometric content of Fe to Zn used for the first time for the preparation of new generation trifunctional paints with self-cleaning, biocidal and magnetic properties. Currently, there are no compositions on the market for obtaining protective coatings in the form of paint, which simultaneously exhibit biocidal, magnetic and self-cleaning - photocatalytic properties. The effect of Zn:Fe content on the antimicrobial, magnetic and self-cleaning properties of obtained modified paints was investigated. Furthermore, the non-stoichiometric zinc ferrite in combination with TiO2 allowed to create of a surface that inhibits microorganisms' growth. Self-cleaning properties were studied in the reaction of dye - neutral red degradation. The commercial white paint was not photocatalytic active. Paint modification with nanocomposites based on ZnO/ZnFe2O4 and TiO2 resulted in the effective degradation of natural red dye. The highest dye removal efficiency was observed for the sample containing ZnFe2O4/SiO2-TiO2 particles with a non-stoichiometric 1:2 (Fe: Zn) molar ratio. Trifunctional paints with photocatalytic, magnetic and biocidal properties are a novelty in building products. The composition can be applied to protective and decorative layers, giving magnetic, biocidal and self-cleaning properties.

Silver molybdate nanocrystal-reinforced high-performance anti-coronavirus composite polymer coating

In response to the present epidemic situation, this work proposes an anti-coronavirus composite polymer coating with nano-Ag2MoO4 as the core component to reduce the potential safety hazards caused by excessive use of disinfectants. Nano-β-Ag2MoO4 with mixed morphology was produced with industrialized preparation technology. Among them, oval nanoparticles are core components with antiviral properties, and long rod-shaped particles are used to identify whether the stirring process meets the standard. After x-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy testing, nano-β-Ag2MoO4 stored for 4 years still meets the design requirements in terms of purity, crystal phase, shape, and scale, which solves the problem of the long-term effect of core components. In the existing water-based paint production process, the mixing process and formula of nano-β-Ag2MoO4 were explored, and the large-scale production process of anti-virus water-based paint was solved. Resistance tests against the HCoV-229E coronavirus showed that the anti-coronavirus activity rate of the nano-β-Ag2MoO4 coating at a weight concentration of 200 ppm was 99.5% within 2 h, which verified the effectiveness of the composite polymer coating.

Environment-friendly waterborne fire retardants for protection of wood and bark against fire flames

Flame retardancy was induced in maple (Acer velutinum) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior) wood and bark by means of mixtures consisting of bio-based materials such as starch (S) and glue (G) and water-based paint, MINWAX (M) in two different combined formulations with perlite (P) as the main fire retardant. The selected wood species as solid wood with two different treatable surfaces (with and without bark) were examined. The lowest and the highest mass loss occurred in the untreated-ash and untreated-maple wood samples with bark, while the lowest weight percent gain was related to PSGM-treated ash wood samples with bark, and the highest weight percent gain was related to PSGM-treated maple wood samples without bark. The lowest time to ignition and glowing point time were measured in the untreated-maple wood samples without bark, and the highest of them were measured in the PSGM-treated ash wood samples without bark. The effect of bark in the treated- and untreated-maple samples on the time to ignition and glowing point time was greater than the bark of treated- and untreated-ash samples, respectively. There was not any significant relationship between actual retention, weight percent gain, and mass loss for all treatments. However, there was significant difference between the individual and interaction agents on fire retardancy of treated and untreated samples.

An alternative nighttime radiative cooling paint using glass microspheres in water-based acrylic paint

An alternative method for producing radiative cooling paint using sustainable and cost-effective green materials, which can significantly reduce indoor temperatures. Prior research on radiative cooling systems revealed that multilayer metal oxide systems require expensive raw materials and high-end facilities, limiting large-scale production. Therefore, this study aimed to identify optimal conditions for producing radiative cooling paint using commercial spherical glass microspheres and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The study investigated the effect of glass microsphere size, quantity, and coating thickness on emissivity and light reflectance. Results showed that glass microsphere size did not significantly affect emissivity. However, increasing coating thickness and glass microsphere quantity initially increased emissivity but stabilized at saturation points. The addition of glass microspheres decreased light reflectance, increasing temperatures during the daytime. The radiative cooling efficiency of the paint was tested, and the results showed that the glass microsphere content significantly affected the reduction in daytime temperatures. A mixture content of 45 and 75 wt% reduced the temperature by 2.96 and 3.09 °C, respectively, lower than the ambient temperature during the nighttime. The double layer of titanium dioxide/glass microspheres paint was more effective at cooling than the single layer of 45% glass microspheres, despite similar emissivity values. HIGHLIGHTS Commercial spherical glass microspheres and titanium dioxide nanoparticles are used as raw materials. Glass microsphere quantity and coating thickness are found to affect emissivity and light reflectance. A mixture of 45 and 75wt% glass microsphere content is shown to significantly reduce nighttime temperatures. Double layer paint is more effective at cooling than single layer paint despite similar emissivity values. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

A urinary biomarker for monitoring exposures to 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate in rats.

2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (TMPD-MB) and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TMPD-DB) are widely used primarily as surface stabilizers for water-based paints and plasticizers, respectively. Exposure to these compounds has been suspected as being associated with sick building syndrome and allergic diseases such as asthma in general populations. Therefore, it is very important to be able to know the amounts of these compounds absorbed into the body in order to evaluate its adverse effects on humans in living environments. In the present study, the urinary excretion kinetics of TMPD-MB and TMPD-DB were studied in animals to establish for urinary metabolites suitable as biomarkers for monitoring exposure. A single dose (48-750mg/kg body weight) of TMPD-MB or TMPD-DB was administered intraperitoneally to male Sprague-Dawley rats, and their urine was collected periodically for a week. Two major metabolites, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol (TMPD) and 3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylvaleric acid (HTMV), were measured in the urine samples. Their kinetics were evaluated by moment analysis of the urinary excretion rates of the metabolites versus time curves. The urinary excretion amounts of HTMV were suggested to be proportional to the absorption amounts over a wide exposure range of both TMPD-MB and TMPD-DB. The amounts of HTMV accounted for almost the same level, i.e., 4-5% of the dose at the lowest dosage, in rats tested for both TMPD-MB and TMPD-DB. Urinary HTMV was considered to be an optimal biomarker for monitoring exposure to mixtures of these compounds.

Effects of thermal and chemical modification on the physical properties of Ugandan Mutaka Kaolin

This study investigates the impact of thermal treatment at temperatures ranging from 600 ​°C to 1050 ​°C and chemical treatment using (COOH)2·2H2O and Al2(MoO4)3 ​at concentrations of 0.01 ​M, 0.05 ​M, and 0.1 ​M. The modified kaolin samples’ pH, oil adsorption capacity, refractive index, specific gravity, and viscosity were examined. Comprehensive analyses were performed to characterize the modified kaolin samples. The spectrum results revealed dealumination, with a corresponding increase in silicon content due to chemical treatment, while the aluminum content decreased compared to thermal treatment results. As observed with the calcined kaolin sample, a significant portion of the OH stretch groups vanished with disappearance stretches along the bands at 1229.6 and 1009.2 ​cm−1, corresponding to Si–O stretching vibrations. The specific gravity of calcined kaolin was observed to be relatively lower than TiO2. Furthermore, the obtained pH of 4.0 or lower, or a pH of 9.0 or higher, is classified as corrosive. The ideal temperature range for achieving optimal oil absorption lies within the 800 ​°C–900 ​°C range, where metakaolin properties favor effective oil uptake. The chemical concentration had a notable impact on the dispersion of kaolin powders, in contrast to calcined kaolin. At 800 ​°C, calcined kaolin attained an almost ideal refractive index for water-based paints, closely aligning with the refractive index of water.

Beyond Cultivation: Combining Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Techniques to Identify Bacteria Involved in Paint Spoilage

Due to globally increasing problems concerning biodeterioration of paints, it is worthwhile to enhance the determination of colony forming units (CFU) as a gold standard method via more rapid and culture-independent techniques. Here, we combined traditional culture-dependent techniques with subsequent sequencing, quantitative qPCR, and a serial quantification method (most probable number; MPN) to detect paint degrading bacteria in general and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in particular. During our investigation of three water-based paints that showed visible contamination, we found high bacterial counts of up to 107 CFU mL−1. Subsequent sequencing allowed the identification of common paint degraders including Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp., but less frequently detected bacteria such as Rhodococcus sp. and Delftia spp. were also found to be present. MPN, as well as dsrA-targeted qPCR to detect SRB, only showed positive results for two out of three samples. These results coincided with the inherent physicochemical properties of the paints offering suitable conditions for microbial growth or not. The MPN method can be used for a diversity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and is rapid and reproducible. A combination of culture-independent techniques such as qPCR or NGS can help to fully elucidate the bacterial diversity in spoiled paint by also recovering anaerobic and unculturable ones.

Fire protection of wooden building structures

The paper covers the issues of fire protection of cellulose-containing materials, in particular wood. It is shown that despite a number of valuable properties that wood possesses, it is a rather flammable material by its composition. It is known from the literature that one of the most important steps in protecting wood from fire is fire protection treatment. It is carried out in two main ways: surface treatment (applying special compounds to the wood surface to form a fireproof layer) and deep impregnation of wood with flame retardants. For the fire protection of OSB samples, a water-based intumescent paint consisting of a system of flame retardants in combination with fillers, pigment, and functional additives was developed. The research was conducted using analytical and experimental methods, which consist of analyzing and studying the provisions of national standards that describe the method for determining the flammability group of substances and materials and the method for determining the fire protection efficiency of fire retardants. The experimental part of the study involved the manufacture of test samples, application of fire retardants to them, recording the temperature of gaseous combustion products, the maximum temperature increase, the time interval for reaching the maximum temperature, the weight of the samples, and the weight loss of the samples. The research methodology states that the wood samples were tested in accordance with DSTU 8829 at the OTM installation. It also provides means for measuring the flue gas temperature, test time, and determining the mass loss of samples before and after testing. The test results showed that the developed fire retardant based on intumescent paint provides a group of refractory materials in accordance with DSTU 8829, i.e., the wood protected by this method belongs to refractory materials, namely: the flue gas temperature does not exceed 260˚C, the mass loss of samples after testing is not more than 60%.

Lignins and Lignin Derivatives as Dispersants for Copper Phthalocyanine Pigment Nanoparticles

Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) is a widely used organic blue pigment with color brilliance, light fastness, and low cost. However, its poor dispersibility in aqueous solutions limits the water-borne application. Lignin’s hyperbranched polymer structure makes it a potential dispersant. In this study, lignin is functionalized with carboxylic acid (−COOH) and amine (−NH2) to enhance the interaction with aqueous solutions. Their applications as dispersants for CuPc in aqueous solutions are investigated together with commercially available alkali lignin, dealkali lignin, and lignosulfonate. The effectiveness of dispersion stability is evaluated by the suspension stability. Lignin-NH2 enhanced the suspension stability of CuPc to allow 94 wt % CuPc particles to remain suspended in water for 24 h compared to 24.4 wt % with no dispersant added. The mechanism of dispersion is revealed by the measurements of zeta potential and particle size, as well as the calculation of lignin adsorption amount on CuPc. Moreover, the lignins are applied to disperse CuPc in acrylic resin as a water-based paint application. With the aid of lignin-NH2 dispersant, CuPc enhances the tinting strength to 110.75% without altering the blue color through color difference measurements. Lignin-NH2 contributes to both better suspension stability and tinting strength than a commercially available dispersant dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS).

111 Portable Measurement of Preservatives in Air Using New Spe-Discs

Abstract Background Water based paint has improved the work environment during occupational as well as domestic painting. Development of water-based paint formulations demanded an addition of anti-fungal/anti-microbial preservatives, and isothiazolinones (ITZ) have been frequently utilized over the last two decades. Isothiazolinones are known to cause skin sensitization and is furthermore suspected to cause problems from the respiratory tract. To assess professional painters’ exposure to air-borne ITZ, there is a need to develop an easy-to-use light-weight portable sampling technique of the three most abundant ITZ. Method Three different designs of SPE-samplers and three different chemistries were evaluated regarding resistance to flow, handling during sampling, analyte break-through and sample elution. The quantification was performed using RP-HPLC-UV. Results SPE-samplers are easy-to-use in a field setting. However, only the novel disc-type designs of SPE worked with the portable pumps because of the relatively low pressure drop over the disc. SPE disks can be obtained either as a syringe-type or as a filter-type. While the syringe-type can be used straight away the filter-type has to be mounted in a sampler. However, the latter design outperformed the former regarding sampling as well as elution procedure. Conclusion The novel design of SPE-discs works well for sampling of ITZ down to 1 nmol/m3 (0.15 µg/m3) when sampling for 8 hours. It is thereby possible to assess workers’ exposure to air concentrations of ITZ previously reported using impinger flasks.

Occupational Exposure during the Production and the Spray Deposition of Graphene Nanoplatelets-Based Polymeric Coatings.

Graphene-based polymer composites are innovative materials which have recently found wide application in many industrial sectors thanks to the combination of their enhanced properties. The production of such materials at the nanoscale and their handling in combination with other materials introduce growing concerns regarding workers' exposure to nano-sized materials. The present study aims to evaluate the nanomaterials emissions during the work phases required to produce an innovative graphene-based polymer coating made of a water-based polyurethane paint filled with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and deposited via the spray casting technique. For this purpose, a multi-metric exposure measurement strategy was adopted in accordance with the harmonized tiered approach published by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). As a result, potential GNPs release has been indicated near the operator in a restricted area not involving other workers. The ventilated hood inside the production laboratory guarantees a rapid reduction of particle number concentration levels, limiting the exposure time. Such findings allowed us to identify the work phases of the production process with a high risk of exposure by inhalation to GNPs and to define proper risk mitigation strategies.

Characterization and Application of TiO2/ZnO Nanoparticles as Pigments in Matt-Type Water-Based Paint

This study investigates the characteristics of TiO2/ZnO nanoparticles and the application of TiO2/ZnO in matt-type water-based paint as a pigment. This study aims to determine the quality of TiO2-ZnO pigments in water-based paints in terms of whiteness, hiding power, dispersibility, and gloss. Matt-type water-based paint has been made by mixing water and additives substances in a high-speed mixer to result in a mill base paste, which is mixed with the pigment of TiO2/ZnO (25:75), CaCO3 filler, water, and additives, then filtered and mixed again with the C-817 binder. The characterization results showed that TiO2/ZnO nanoparticles contained TiO2 of 18.62% and ZnO of 77.49%, with an average particle diameter of 151.54 nm. TiO2/ZnO has a crystal size of 28.4 nm and a crystallinity degree of 72.3%. The application of TiO2/ZnO nanoparticles as a pigment in matt-type water-based paint resulted in good dispersion and hiding power and achieved whiteness of 82.2 and gloss at 60° of 2.00 better than TiO2 of 81.8 and gloss at 60° of 1.77.

Marketing Strategies and S.W.O.T. Analysis of Asian Paints

With a revenue of Rs 30.2 billion, Asian Paints is the largest paint business in India and the third largest in Asia (around USD 680 million). In the business sector, the corporation is known for its professionalism, rapid expansion, and commitment to maximising shareholder value. Asian Paints has operations in 22 nations and 30 paint production plants worldwide, serving customers in over 65 nations. The group's subsidiaries Berger International Ltd, Apco Coatings, and SCIB Paints, in addition to Asian Paints, are active around the world. Businesses have made a lot of effort to ensure the quality and level of their products. The commercial has a significant obligation to promote companies on a national level. OTP platforms and television. In order to promote their products, brands have begun hiring well-known individuals. For instance, Mr. Ayushmann Khurrana was contacted by JSW Paints for the brand endorsement, while Ranbir Kapoor was contacted by Asian Paints for the same purpose. Both the market for water-based metallic paint and texture paints has seen an upsurge in demand recently. The market for washable water-based paints has expanded and reached new heights thanks to recent breakthroughs and advances.