Waste Places Research Articles

Adiwiyata School: An environmental care program as an effort to develop Indonesian students’ ecological literacy

In line with the increase of complexity in environmental problems as a result of over-exploitation, it is necessary to care for the environmental program. Ecological literacy education needs to be realized in the programs of environmental care. This study aims to determine the importance of Adiwiyata school program in an effort to improve students’ ecological literacy. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive with interview, observation and documentation as data collection techniques. Ecological literacy is a collective action which needs togetherness to produce a positive impact to the environment. The application of ecological literacy at schools requires awareness from all teachers, students and other school community. Adiwiyata program in SMAN 5 Jember, Indonesia can increase students’ ecological literacy by establishing a caring attitude and environment on students. This is evidenced by the behaviour of students who dispose of waste in place, sort out the types of garbage, recycling of waste, making hydroponics plants are free of pesticides, and composting. It can be concluded that inveronmental care program (Adiwiyata) is one way to improve the literacy of students in the school about ecology by observing the effectiveness of Adiwiyata program.

“Aur Market Place” - Activator and Interaction Space to Support and Living Up Tourism of Kelurahan Aur

Istana Maimun (Maimoon Palace), located in Kelurahan Aur is one of the historical heritage Palaces during Deli Sultanate era that still stands beautifully and becoming an iconic Landmarks of Medan – Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. This Palace has a lot of historical value in branding identity also an image of Medan regarding the Glory of Deli Sultanate in the past and has a strategic location in the side of Deli River. The potential river which should be one of attraction becomes a place for waste by locals and causing problems that its existence is being covered. After a site visit and collecting data from different sources, authors think that Aur region has potential to the development of cultural, artistic, and historical tourism. However, this area still shortcoming of tourism aspects, such as commercial facilities, activities, attractions, access, and accommodations that can make visitors feel welcomed and want to spend their time enjoying the atmosphere. Therefore, authors trying to introduced more of mixed facilities that can be called as “Aur Market Place” which hopefully can support the optimization of Istana Maimun and surround its area in continuous ways, where this public space can be activator of another development by government towards Aur region and becoming magnets for all ages which can lead interactions between locals and tourist in one place.

Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity in methanolic extract of aerial parts of Hibiscus surattensis

The model system of liver damage produced by CCl4 in rats is recognized to be much like viral hepatitis in humans from both morphological and functional points of view. CCl4-induced liver damage was modeled in monolayer cultures of rat primary hepatocytes with a focus on involvement of covalent binding of CCl4 metabolites to cell components and/or peroxidative damage as the cause of injury Hibiscus surattensis belonging to the family Malvaceae is a herbaceous, trailing or scrambling, plant of moist waste places from Senegal to W Cameroons and generally widespread throughout the World tropics and in several parts of India. The plant has been used extensively in the traditional medicine as hepatoprotective. In the present study, Methanolic Extract of Hibiscus surattensis (MEHS) exhibit strong hepatoprotective activity, afforded protection CCl4induced liver damage. Hepatoprotective activity of MEHS may be due to free radical scavenging activity of fatty acids, proteins, lipids etc. The results suggested that methanolic extract of Hibiscus surattensis could palliate the liver injuries perhaps by its antioxidative effect, hence eliminating the deleterious effect of toxic metabolites from the CCl4.

The Labors of Failure: Labor, Toxicity, and Belonging in Mumbai

AbstractShivaji Nagar in the Deonar suburb of Mumbai is popularly known as “Bombay's Gas Chamber.” Located between one of Asia's largest garbage dumps and Mumbai's largest municipal slaughterhouse, this neighborhood is environmentally vulnerable, situated at the crossroads of clusters of heavy and petrochemical industries, and a network of the city's busiest highways. In popular, official, and scholarly narratives, this neighborhood has been constructed as a place of failure, waste, and death. The residents of Shivaji Nagar, well aware of these narratives, use the demonstration of “failure” to their advantage to stake claims of belonging to the neighborhood, and demand state assistance, albeit often with punitive consequences. They contend that in doing so, “failure” becomes not merely a judgment conferred upon the neighborhood, its residents, and their way of life, but rather a medium of exchange for and a condition of possibility of their futures, and thus elicits an additional amount of labor. The article will focus on these labors performed by the waste workers who live and work in the neighborhood.

Investigation of bioative compounds from the ethyl acetate extract of Euphorbia hirta Linn

Euphorbia hirta Linn. (co sua la lon in Vietnamese) belongs to Euphorbiaceae family, is a group of small prostrate herbaceous annual weed in Vietnam. It is abundant in waste places and open grasslands and distributes in most Asian countries. E. hirta is traditionally used in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, bronchial and respiratory. The aqueous extract exhibits anxiolytic, analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Strong anti-diabetic activity of Euphorbiaceae family in general and E. hirta in particular was reported in the past investigations. E. hirta has been studied by various investigations and several active constituents have been isolated and identified successfully. Most of those compounds have strong biological activities. At the first step in the processing of the isolation of bioactive compounds from the ethyl acetate extract, we isolated four purified compounds, including methyl gallate (1), quercetin (2), myrecitin (3), and quercitrin (4). The chemical structures of those compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and compared with published data in the literature.

Touchless automatic as innovation on modern waste place developing anti-decay catted temperature cold with the application of anti-bacterial spray cooling system

Garbage becomes controversy in a quite complicated world because of the great loss to the environment and health caused by garbage. Therefore, the need for the development of appropriate technology that underlies the preventive attitude due to the waste. The method used is a robot system that works to automatically control garbage. Methods of implementation include 1. Case Analysis: tool-making begins with analysis on some cases that occur in the community. 2.

Touchless automatic as innovation on modern waste place developing anti-decay catted temperature cold with the application of anti-bacterial spray cooling system

Touchless automatic as innovation on modern waste place developing anti-decay catted temperature cold with the application of anti-bacterial spray cooling system

Kakanasa (Martynia diandra, Glox.) – An Ayurvedic Review

Ayurveda is the most ancient health care System. The textual legacy started with Bruhat Samhita was completed in 4th century. After that, texts were written in the form of Nighantus which explained the dravyas, base of any treatment, in detail. Ancient Acharyas never limited the number of Dravyas as Acharya Charaka says- ‘Nothing in this world is devoid of medicinal properties’. More than 3000 plants had discussed in the Ayurveda in Sanskrit texts. Out of them some plants are widely used by clinicians today in their day to day practice. Eg. Gokshur (Tribulus terrestris) in urinary tract diseases. Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica) in Acidity. Mushali (Chlorophytum borivilianum) in Azoospermia Shunthi (Zingiber officinale) in Digestive problems etc. On the other hand there are still some plants which are not yet more focused; but used by very few people in some conditions. Kakanasa (Martynia diandra, Glox.) is one of them. It is an annual herb, can be seen throughout the country, generally occupying rubbish heaps and waste places.

The place of waste: Changing business value for the circular economy

AbstractTraditionally, wasted resources are considered a burden that imposes a cost on organizations. However, ecological sustainability principles underpinning the linked discourses of industrial ecology and the Circular Economy conceptualize waste as intrinsically valuable. Our research identified exemplar business organizations that had each changed their business models to resolve the tension of waste as a burden and/or resource. Synthesizing these cases, we found these organizations applied systems thinking to reframe their product and service offerings and developed material circular flows in their business models. Analysis of how our exemplar organizations changed their business models to tackle pressing sustainability issues and to resolve the burden–resource tension show that the focus of change is on reconceptualizing their understanding of the role of waste in the value chain of their products and services. This altered understanding of waste as a resource across their value networks initiated negotiations with their existing suppliers to also modify their supply chain practices.

Evaluation of Arragement and Use of Green Open Space in Cimai City’s Rusunawa

Cimahi City was originally one part of Bandung Regency, with rapid growth finally established as an administrative city on January 29, 1976, then became autonomous city on June 21, 2001. Cimahi currently become one of the growth areas of Bandung in the West. The current population is 561,386, with an average growth of 2.12% per year (source: population database of Cimahi City 2014).
 Green Open Space (RTH) in several cities in West Java has decreased both in terms of quality and quantity. This has the effect of reducing urban environmental quality and causing urban problems such as floods, especially in the rainy season, increasing air pollution, and decreasing urban happiness index due to the lack of open space available for social interaction.
 The similarity of the configuration of the arrangement of the site in this case the similarity of the typology of building mass composition, the number of occupants and the target of the residents of low income (MBR) of the two rusunawa Cimahi City, namely Cibeureum and Leuwigajah interesting to examine which is more effective the arrangement of green space and its utilization and the determinants what's playing.
 In the management, maintenance and utilization of the flats RTH is the main responsibility of apartment managers, in this case the Cimahi Municipal Government, but the involvement of all residents in maintaining and maintaining cleanliness, especially in disposing of waste in place and use the facilities provided responsibly.

Identification and modelling of risk factors for food waste generation in school and pre-school catering units

Public sector food service is a major contributor to food waste generation in Sweden, with schools, pre-schools, elderly care homes, hospitals etc., producing approximately 70,000 tons of food waste each year. Sweden has appropriate infrastructure for handling food waste in place, recycling nutrients and energy, but there is still great potential to move upwards in the waste hierarchy and prevent waste. An important step in designing waste reduction measures is to identify and quantify the importance of different risk factors, in order to start by solving the problems with the greatest potential benefit and the lowest cost. This study sought to identify and quantify risk factors for food waste generation in public sector canteens by correlation analyses and statistical modelling. The empirical material comprised food waste quantification data for 177 kitchens in the Swedish municipalities of Falun, Malmö, Sala, Uppsala and Örebro, supplemented with quantifiable information about the kitchens obtained using a questionnaire. According to the findings, plate waste in schools and pre-schools increases with children's age. Schools with older children could potentially reduce plate waste by introducing more structured lunch breaks. Plate waste also increases with dining hall capacity, potentially due to rising stress and noise levels. Both plate waste and serving waste increase with greater overproduction, as indicated by calculated portion size, and could be reduced by schools and pre-schools estimating their daily number of diners and their diners’ food intake more accurately. As serving waste was significantly higher in satellite units (which bring in cooked food), due to lack of cooling and storage possibilities, than in production units (which cook, serve and sometimes deliver hot food), satellite units in particular would benefit from more accurate quantification of the food required on a daily basis. These findings were confirmed by multiple linear regression models, which explained >85% of the variation in plate, serving and total waste per portion. When used for quantification after changing the value of different factors, these models confirmed that the main factors influencing serving waste and total waste per portion were type of kitchen and rate of overproduction, while plate waste was mainly influenced by children’s age and factors indicating a stressful dining environment.

POTENSIAL STUDY OF WASTE MANNAGEMENT EXTRACURRICULAR TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ ENVIRONMENTAL CARING CHARACTER IN SMAN 13 SEMARANG

SMAN 13 Semarang is one of the schools in Semarang that develops waste management as an extracurricular activities. However, students at SMA N 13 Semarang are still seen littering, using plastic as food wrappers, and have not sorted out garbage. Students are expected to have high awareness to contribute to reducing environmental damage by participating in waste management. This study aims to examine the extracurricular potential of waste management in developing the environmental caring character of the students. This research uses qualitative approach with case study research type. The number of primary informants is 15 students who are active in extracurricular waste management. The results showed that students have basic knowledge about the environment through the subject of PLH but have not been able to develop it. Curiosity has been formed because students have an interest in watching television shows and reading environmental related articles, but in terms of providing information media is still limited through teachers. Students throw garbage at the place provided, but to sorting garbage still less. Based on the results of research and discussion can be concluded that the characters that have been formed is used to maintain the cleanliness of the environment, used to dispose of waste in place, the school provides cleaning equipment, and responsible for maintaining environmental cleanliness. Character that has been formed and still requires teacher assistance is the character to sort out garbage, provide communication media and explore knowledge about the environment.

Pharmocognostical and Phytochemical Evaluation of Leaf ofSphaeranthus indicus

Objective: To study detailed Pharmacognostic profile and preliminary phytochemical investigation and isolation of volatile oil, and TLC and GLC analysis of volatile oil of the leaves of Sphaeranthus indicus (Linn.) commonly known as Globethistle belongs to the family Asteraceae. The leaves of Sphaeranthus indicus (Linn.) used traditionally in Ayurveda for hyperlipidemia, epilepsy, mental illness, jaundice, diabetes, leprosy, fever cough, gastropathy, hernia, hemorrhoids, helminthiasis, dyspepsia and skin diseases and AIDS. The reports showed that it is also used for hypertensive, anxiolytic, neuroleptic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, anti-hyperglycaemic and hepato protective. It grows in rice fields, dry waste places and cultivated lands in tropical parts of India. Methods: Leaf of Sphaeranthus indicus (Linn.) was studied by Macroscopical, Microscopical,Quantitative Microscopy, Physicochemical, Phytochemical analysis of leaf powder and extracts, isolation of volatile oil from the leaf, TLC and GLC analysis of the oil of the leaves and other methods for standardization recommended by WHO. Results: Macroscopically leaves are simple, alternate, oblong, spatulate, spinous, surface pubescent, base decurrently forming the wings of the stem, acute, glandular, hairy and narrowed at the base up to 5.0x1.5 cm, leaf margins are coarsely serrate or dentate. Fresh leaves are dark green in colour and dried leaves are greenish black colour. The leaves are bitter in taste with pleasant odour when fresh, the aroma gradually diminishing on drying and storing. The leaf has distinct midrib and thick, soft lamina. The midrib is plano-convex in cross-sectional view with single top-shaped collateral vascular bundle surrounded by parenchymatous cells. No sclerenchyma cells are seen in the vascular bundle. The lamina is dorsiventral; however the mesophyll tissue is not well differentiated into palisade and spongy tissues. Characteristic epidermal trichomes are abundant on the leaf. Some of the trichomes are covering-type and are multicellular, uniseriate, unbranched and whip-like others are biseriate, broad, unbranched, conical with vertically oblong cells and a few tiers of apical glandular cells. Stomata are anomocytic; anticlinal walls of the epidermal cells are highly wavy. Vein islets are distinct, with one, simple or branched vein terminations. Petiole is circular in sectional view with aerenchymatous outer ground tissue, broad central tissue and is open ring of discrete collateral vascular bundles. The investigations also included leaf surface data; quantitative leaf microscopy. Physiochemical parameters such as loss on drying, extractive values and ash values were also determined. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of sterols, terpenoids, carbohydrates, flavonoids (Isoflavone), tannins and volatile oil. TLC studies reveal that the presence of isoflavone glycosides. Essential oil have been analysed by GLC and their components were identified and quantified. Conclusions: The results of the study can serve as a valuable source of information and provide suitable standards for identification of this plant material in future investigations and applications.

Design and Construction of a Tube Storage Device for Biogas Using Motorized Compressor

Biogas refers to a gas produced by break down of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Organic waste such as dead plant and animal material, animal faeces and kitchen waste can be converted into a gaseous fuel called biogas. Usually, getting rid of waste places burden of not only cost on organizations, communities, government among others but also engender several environmental issues. The objective of this study was to design and develop a simple technique for handling and storing of biogas, analyze the biogas produced by the mixture of cow dung, and finally test the biogas produced to confirm its flammability. In this work, waste material specifically cow dung was used for the production of biogas in biogas digester at the animal farm of the University of Agriculture, Makurdi. The waste materials fed into the digester were cow dung and water to mix wastes into slurry. The mixture was done in the ratio of 1 to 2 by mass; cow dung to water respectively. The storage device was filled up with biogas by using a motorized compressor. The system was tested at retention times of 15, 20 and 25 days and gas burning times of 20, 40 and 60 minutes. The effects of heating time and retention time on gas volume and pressure were analyzed. It was observed that the gas volume utilized increased with increasing heating time at all the retention times investigated. Finally, analysis of the biogas thus produced were studied and compared to previous work. The biogas produced in this work was indeed flammable and at a relatively low cost. Production of biogas at optimal conditions was recommended as a panacea to solving the prevalent environmental issues caused by waste disposal; and should be embraced not only by government on a large scale but also by individual on smaller scale.

The study of burdock blossoms (Asteraceae: <i>Arctium</i>) entomofauna in the Yelabuga District of the Republic of Tatarstan

The paper deals with the study of burdock blossoms (Asteraceae: Arctium) in the Yelabuga District of the Republic of Tatarstan where they are one of the most common species among the Compositae plants. They are mostly ruderal weeds, growing usually in waste places (abandoned orchards, wastelands, ravines, roadsides, river banks, dumps, walls of houses and fences, etc.). Some representatives of this genus are also found in the floodplain forests, sparse deciduous forests, clearings, forest edges. The paper presents some results of study of species composition and population structure of phytophagous insects, developing in inflorescences of four species of burdock (Arctium tomentozum, Arctium minus, Arctium lappa, Arctium nemorosum) on the territory of Yelabuga District of the Republic of Tatarstan. Seven experimental sites were examined, their total area is 1,0 hectares. The basic research was conducted during the spring-summer period in 20152017 at the time of active flowering plants. There were three kinds of flies-petrotrak (Diptera: Tephritidae), one kind of flies-Midge (in Russian spp.), one kind of beetle-weevil (Curculionidae) and one species of moth (Gelechiidae).

<I>Acmella radicans</I> (Asteraceae), an American Weed New to Eastern India

Acmella radicans (Jacq.) R.K. Jansen var. radicans grows as a weed abundantly on waste places at Baruipur (South 24 Parganas dist., West Bengal) and reported here for first time from Eastern India. A detailed description, digital images of the plant, flower parts and illustration of the taxon is provided in the present communication.

Schematic Design Process in Block Plan Building Industrial Block in Gianyar-Bali

Plastic waste is now a common thing happening in the community so that it becomes a major problem in environmental pollution. The growing population and changing lifestyle of society led to the ever increase volume of plastic waste are generated every day. Please note that the plastic waste is inorganic waste that can not be broken down by bacteria, even if dumped in any place, the plastic waste takes long times until the plastic waste is destroyed by itself because of the influence of air temperature or climate. It is not good if the processing of plastic waste is done by way of burnt be-cause it may cause air pollution which is harmful to living beings and the environment. Therefore, it would be nice if the plastic waste can be reuse through the processing of ore into plastic or made into new products in the form of a craft that is more usable and valuable. Processing of plastic waste that is done well can aid in the reduction of the number of plastic waste, so it is needed a design of Industrial plastic waste as the place of processing plastic waste. As for the de-sign of this facility beginning with the stages of the design process as the initial schematic in deciding the block plan of the building. Schematic design can be use as a reference in the design process because it includes design ideas.
 Index Terms— industry, plastic waste, environment.

SETTLEMENT PATTERN MODEL AT RIVERSIDE (A Case Study of Martapura River)

The Martapura River is the watercourse fromBaritoRiver. Cultural of the ordinary society that used to life around the riverside caused to expand the settlement along the riverside. This research purposed synthesis the settlement characteristics along riverside and make the settlement model. The methods used at this research was rationalistic, where the research object consisted of three village and analysis based on research parameters, settlement pattern, form, circulation and infrastructure. The result of this research are linear settlement pattern expand along the riversideMartapuraRiverunorganized. At the curve area, there is cluster settlement pattern where the building grown from the main road to the riverside. There are pillar house and floating house that have grown at some spots along the riverside and alley are the circulation of the area where both interconnected. Wooden bridge represent to access of the circulation. The area infrastructure consisted of floating MCK. The MCK was a communal place for the riverside society doing activity, bath, cleaning and wasting. The floating MCK also used as dock by river transportation passenger. Domestic waste a lot still thrown to the river and not places for temporary waste place so the river become dirty by the garbage.

Survey of Hospital Solid Waste Management in North of Iran

Background and Objectives: Disposal of hospital wates is a significant environemtal concerns, particularly in develoing regions of the world. Addressing this challenge relies on availability of detailed data on the current status of wate management. Mazandaran Province is located in southern coast of the Caspian Sea and thus its environmental status may directly influence the environment of this Sea. The present study aimed to characterize the situation of hospital solid wate management in this province. Methods: The solid waste management of 40 hospitals of various types were surveyed. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire and summarized using descriptive statistical methods. Findings: Mean per capita of infectious, general, sharp, and total wastes, was fround to be 0.95, 1.59, 0.06, and 2.61 kg/bed/day, respectively. A total of 36.1% of all waste is hazardous waste (infectious and sharp wastes). The distance between the temporary place of waste and the nearest hospital ward is 100 m in 20% of the hospitals. This time of wast residence is < one day in 42.5%, one day in 37.5%, two days in 12.5%, and one week in 7.5% of hospitals. The type of temporary place of waste was a roofed concrete chamber, a metal container, an outdoor area, and a tightly-closed plastic container, respectively, in 82.5%, 10%, 5%, and < 1% of the hospitals. The infectious waste is incinerated in 57.5%, autoclaved/hydro-claved in 35%, and disposed untreated in < 1% of hospitals. Infection control training courses are held every month in 27.5%, every three months in 12.5%, every six months in 40%, and once a year in 17.5% of the hospitals. Conclusions: A large volume of the total hospital waste is hazardous waste. Desposal of waste in more than half of the hospitals take one day or more. The environmental and health risk associated with this situation calls for appropriate measures. More than half of the surveyed hospitals treat their wast by incineration which may release considerable amounts of air pluants. Equipping these hospitals with autoclave and hydro-clave devices is thus significant to protection of the environment.

Karyomorphology of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban

Abstract not availableJahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 4(1): 81-84, 2015 (June)