Warning Information System Research Articles

Design of an Android-Based Dam Flood and Drought Early Warning Information System (SI BANKER) in West Nusa Tenggara

Dam construction in Indonesia is currently very developed, namely 235 dams that have been built and West Nusa Tenggara Province contributes 30% of the number of dams in Indonesia, namely 70 dams spread across the islands of Lombok and Sumbawa, where 32 dams are in the Lombok River Basin and 38 dams in the Sumbawa River Basin. The current problem for the Europeanization and maintenance of existing dams in West Nusa Tenggara province is that there is no information system that can make it easier for officers at each dam to report the latest condition of the water level of each dam and provide early warning of the condition of the dam's water level whether it will be close to flood or dry conditions. Currently, to report water level conditions in each dam, officials at each dam can only report the results of water level monitoring under normal circumstances, floods or droughts only manually. The purpose of this study is to provide early warning information / notifications on flood and drought conditions in dams in West Nusa Tenggara province based on android. The research method used in the process of developing this system is the waterfall development method which consists of 5 stages, namely defining needs, designing, coding and implementation, testing and documentation. The results of this study are in accordance with the description in the previous chapter including interface implementation, system testing and evaluating the system. Evaluation is carried out to determine the shortcomings of the system, so that it can be better for future development. The conclusion of this study from the design and testing that has been carried out shows that all functions have run in accordance with the proposed system. For further research, it is recommended to create a similar Android mobile application but using a more complete framework and having many references to perfect some features in the application that are still not perfect.

Devising a method for improving pedestrian traffic safety when crossing railroad tracks by implementing an information system with a fixed warning time

The object of research is pedestrian safety when crossing railroad tracks at pedestrian crossings. A method for improving the safety of pedestrian traffic when crossing railroad tracks within the area approaching the railroad pedestrian crossing has been developed, by introducing an information system for warning pedestrians about train movement with a fixed warning time. Experimental measurements of the speed of the rolling stock were carried out in the area approaching the pedestrian crossing over the railroad track. With the mixed movement of trains, it was found that the lowest speed of the train was 67.46 km/h, and the highest was the passenger train – 131.9 km/h. At the same time, the speed of freight trains ranged from 74 to 79 km/h. Such data are needed to determine the speed of the rolling stock on the approach to the crossing or transition, which will allow the light and sound signal to be turned on in time when the movement of a pedestrian across the track will be dangerous. The methodology for calculating the length of the approach section to the pedestrian crossing, depending on the speed of the rolling stock, has been given. It was established that the speed of the rolling stock has a significant effect on the length of the approach section. At the lowest measured speed of the train – 67.46 km/h, the length of the approach section was 317.46 m, and when the passenger train was moving at a speed of 131.9 km/h – 620.68 m. For a single-track section of the railroad, a fixed time has been established for warning pedestrians about the approach of a train to the crossing. It is a constant value that is included in the warning information system on a single-track section, and after it, a complex light and sound alarm with an information board is activated, which will warn the pedestrian about the movement of the train. The method for improving the safety of pedestrian traffic with a fixed time of the pedestrian’s anticipation of the train movement could be used at crossings with pedestrian traffic, as a supplement to the crossing signaling subsystem in railroad transport. It can also be used at equipped pedestrian crossings over railroad tracks in urbanized areas. The advantage of introducing such a method is a fixed time to warn the pedestrian, in each specific case of the train approaching the crossing

Determinants of Rural Households’ Intensity of Flood Adaptation in the Fogera Rice Plain, Ethiopia: Evidence from Generalised Poisson Regression

Effective adaptation to flooding risk depends on careful identification and combinations of strategies which, in turn, depends on knowledge of the determinants of flood adaptation. The main objective of this study was to examine the determinants of rural households’ intensity of flood adaptation in the Fogera rice plain, Ethiopia. A three-stage stratified sampling technique was employed to select 337 sample household heads. Primary data was collected through a structured household survey. Data analysis was accompanied by a descriptive and generalised Poisson regression (GP) model. The descriptive analysis showed that households adopted an average of three (3) flood adaptation strategies. The generalised Poisson regression further revealed that family size, availability of off-farm income, previous flood experience, access to credit, access to extension services, and an early warning information system statistically significantly increase flood adaptation strategies’ average number (intensity). However, the age of the household head negatively and significantly influences the intensity of flood adaptation. More specifically, households with off-farm income, previous flood experience, access to credit, access to extension, and an early warning information system were 20%, 94%, 13%, 30%, and 29% more likely to adopt more flood adaptation strategies, respectively. The findings call for immediate response and coordination among stakeholders to design strategies that enhance households’ livelihood, access to credit, access to extension services, and early warning information systems for effective flood adaptation in the study area.

Retracted: Optimization Algorithm of Tourism Security Early Warning Information System Based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM).

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2021/9984003.].

How do information problems constrain anticipating, mitigating, and responding to crises?

The explosion in data availability and new analytical tools combined with increasing humanitarian need and the imperative of anticipatory action compel us to rethink humanitarian information systems and humanitarian action for the future. Synthesizing interviews with humanitarian practitioners, donors, analysts, and researchers and analyses of early warning (EW) information systems and their linkages to Anticipatory Action (AA), we describe six information challenges within the current system: abundant but confusing information, the difficulty of predicting conflict, politicized information, limitations of new analytical tools, varying information needs, and limited data sharing. We then propose an approach to improve the timeliness and appropriateness of action for humanitarian crises and disasters. Rather than ask, “What can we do with the information (early warning and otherwise) that we have to inform action?” we propose asking, “What information do we need for anticipatory (and other) action?” In other words, we propose planning from known and likely hazards and actions back to information needs. Such an approach should help to mitigate shocks before they cause major humanitarian crises. While not all crises can be prevented, this approach could also support responsive action, which is equally important for protecting human life and dignity.

English

Climate Compatible Development (CCD) is an emerging development approach which seeks to minimize the threat posed by climate change while maximize the opportunities for development. In view of the adverse impact of climate change on the general development of the country, Ethiopia, a number of polices which constitute climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies have been adopted and established. Among such polices, Ethiopian water resources and disaster risk management policy is expected to have direct and indirect role in addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation. Rainwater harvesting, water shed management, use of water efficiently, small scale irrigation and water resource protection, strengthening drought and flood early warning system are adaptation strategies for water resource policy, and water harvesting and improved energy efficiency are low carbon footprint strategies/mitigation strategies. Disaster risk management policy also comprises climate change and variability related disaster risk reduction strategies; enhancing early warning information system, and safety net program as the climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, which are the major component of CCD. These policies also have its own limitation in relation to the system base and institutional gap in implementing CCD. In fact, these barriers can be eased by updating and/or adjustment of the policies under the framework of climate compatible development; mainstreaming climate change issues into water resource and disaster risk management policy; strengthening sector-wise linkage and synergy to avoid overlap; as well as monitoring the climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies among sectors. Key words: Climate change, low-carbon footprint, adaptation, mainstreaming, Ethiopia

A clinical research priority setting study for issues related to the use of methamphetamine and emerging drugs of concern in Australia.

IntroductionThis study aimed to gather a range of opinions, including those of affected people (consumers, concerned others) to identify clinical research priorities for methamphetamine and emerging drugs of concern in Australia, to guide the work of the National Centre for Clinical Research on Emerging Drugs (NCCRED).MethodsA priority setting study was conducted (February–March 2019) in four phases: online stakeholder survey, thematic analysis of responses, rapid literature review, expert panel ranking of priorities against predetermined criteria.ResultsForty‐seven respondents completed the survey, including people identifying as one or more of: researcher (53%, n = 25), clinician (45%; n = 21), family/friend/caregiver of someone who uses methamphetamine/emerging drugs (15%, n = 7) and consumer of methamphetamine/emerging drugs (13%, n = 6). Expert panel, evidence‐informed top‐ranked clinical research priorities for methamphetamine were: strategies to overcome barriers to intervention uptake, pilot medication trials for adults seeking treatment, and communication strategies regarding evidence‐based treatments. For emerging drugs of concern, top‐ranked priorities were: piloting community‐located drug checking, feasibility of social media/other opportunities to alert consumers of emerging risks, GHB overdose and withdrawal management, and impacts of an early warning information system on reducing harms.Discussion and ConclusionsWe demonstrate feasibility of a structured, collaborative clinical research priority setting process. Results have informed the establishment of NCCRED; using the identified priorities to guide seed funding, fellowships/scholarships and research programs. Broader uptake of this methodology by policymakers/research funders would assist to embed areas of concern identified by affected communities and other stakeholders in research prioritisation.

Implications of the drivers on the selection of flood coping strategies in Jigawa State, Nigeria?

Despite efforts by the Nigerian government to improve on flood infrastructure, the yearly incidences of floods have remained unabated and put households under threats. This study examined the factors that determine households' (flood victims) choice of flood coping strategies in the Jigawa State, Nigeria. Although some of the strategies can also be considered as flood mitigation strategies, the emphasis is on coping strategies. The study used survey data from 251 randomly selected households (flood victims of 2016) and the data was analysed using multivariate probit and random forest models. The results show that factors such as sex, age, education, occupation, income, housing status, flood education and location in specific local government areas are significant in determining households' choice of flood coping strategies. Among the flood coping strategies analysed, access to credit from banks, seeking government's support and access to early warning information systems are crucial. The findings led to the conclusion that policies and programmes designed to manage and reduce flood risks must take into account the input of all relevant stakeholders, particularly the different age and income groups. The study also recommends the need for institutions in charge of flood disaster risk reduction and management to focus more on investing in non-structural measures of flood control to improve households resilience to floods.

Assessing The Impacts of Climate Variability on Rural Households in Agricultural Land Through The Application of Livelihood Vulnerability Index

Climate variability adversely affects rural households in Ethiopia as they depend on rain-fed agriculture, which is highly vulnerable to climate fluctuations and severe events such as drought and pests. In view of this, we have assessed the impacts of climate variability on rural household’s livelihoods in agricultural land in Tarchazuria district of Dawuro Zone. A total of 270 samples of household heads were selected using a multistage sampling technique with sample size allocation procedures of the simple random sampling method. Simple linear regression, the standard precipitation index, the coefficient of variance, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze climatic data such as rainfall and temperature. Two livelihood vulnerability analysis approaches, such as composite index and Livelihood Vulnerability Index-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC) approaches, were used to analyze indices for socioeconomic and biophysical indicators. The study revealed that the variability patterns of rainfall and increasing temperatures had been detrimental effects on rural households' livelihoods. The result showed households of overall standardized, average scores of Wara Gesa (0.60) had high livelihood vulnerability with dominant major components of natural, physical, social capital, and livelihood strategies to climate-induced natural hazards than Mela Gelda (0.56). The LVI-IPCC analysis results also revealed that the rural households in Mela Gelda were more exposed to climate variability than Wara Gesa and slightly sensitive to climate variability, considering the health and knowledge and skills, natural capitals, and financial capitals of the households. Therefore, interventions including road infrastructure construction, integrated with watershed management, early warning information system, providing training, livelihood diversification, and SWC measures' practices should be a better response to climate variability-induced natural hazards.
 Keywords: Households; Livelihood Vulnerability Index; climate variability; Tarchazuria District
 
 Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

Warning Apps for Road Safety: A Technological and Economical Perspective for Autonomous Driving – The Warning Task in the Transition from Human Driver to Automated Driving

ABSTRACT In the last decade, mobile warning apps and security services for drivers were developed, driven by the evolving market for smartphone-based applications. Now, in times of emerging autonomous vehicles, the value of warning detection in form of warning apps for road transport needs to be reappraised. In our study, we address the following questions: Does this kind of application have a technological and economical perspective for future mobility? How will the interaction between drivers, information systems (smartphone or onboard computer), and driving systems change? In this article, we bring together the aspects to consider in terms of technology development and business modeling amidst a changing human-computer interaction (HCI) toward autonomous driving. We provide a comprehensive picture of how technology-driven applications, such as warning detection apps, could develop their economic and technological impact within the transition of individual transport. By classifying the warning apps available in German-speaking regions it became apparent that apps exist for diverse areas of risk. Some of them are currently under development, others are already in use, but still with minor operational deficits. We found out that till today, the majority of warning services provides either an interim solution with a standalone mobile app, or a first test stage approach for prospective mobility solutions, only working on the basis of a car-to-car or car-to-pedestrian communication. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of warning apps was exemplarily proven by a survey about the Wildwarner, an app for wildlife-vehicle collision warnings. Looking ahead, warning-service-usage scenarios (1) without driving assistance, (2) with driving assistance and (3) fully autonomous driving are gone through, showing the still important but altered interactions between humans, warning information systems, and automated driving systems. From an economical perspective, already existing business models for warning services are identified and evaluated according to whether they could be transferred to business models for future mobility under changing ways of user interaction. The analysis of existing established warning apps indicates that more integrated approaches combining different warning types and delivering them as services either for autonomous vehicle navigation or human drivers ought to be supported for increasing road safety.

Optimization Algorithm of Tourism Security Early Warning Information System Based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM).

Tourism safety is the focus of the tourism industry. It is not only related to the safety of tourists' lives and property, but also related to social stability and sustainable development of the tourism industry. However, the security early warning of many scenic spots focuses on the response measures and remedial plans after the occurrence of security incidents, and the staff of many scenic spots have limited security awareness and information analysis ability, which is prone to lag in information release, and do not pay attention to the information of potential security problems. Therefore, this paper studies the optimization algorithm of the tourism security early warning information system based on the LSTM model and uses the recurrent neural network and LSTM to improve the processing and prediction ability of time-series data. The experimental results show that the number of three hidden layers in the tourism security early warning information system based on the LSTM model can reduce the training time of the model and improve the performance. Compared with the tourism safety early warning information system based on the BP neural network, it has better accuracy and stability, has better processing and prediction ability for time series data, and can monitor and analyze data scientifically in real-time and dynamically analyze data.

Effects of advanced warning information systems on secondary crash risk under connected vehicle environment

This study evaluated the impact of an optimal in-vehicle advanced warning information service in a connected vehicle (CV) environment to prevent secondary crashes. Driving simulation experiments were designed and performed to analyze driving behavior. The forward crash situation was reproduced in a simulated highway environment, and the safety effects were assessed based on simulation data from a driving simulator (DS). To explore and analyze the effectiveness of crash notifications from the advanced warning information system (AWIS) for preventing secondary crashes, this study utilized repeated measures of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), repeated measures of ANOVA, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results from this paper indicate that a warning information system was effective to prevent secondary crash risks, in general.

PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI SIANDINI SEBAGAI ALAT PEMANTAUAN DAN PENGENDALIAN INFLASI HARGA BAHAN KEBUTUHAN POKOK DAN BAHAN PENTING OLEH PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN SUMBAWA

This study discusses the use of public service innovationsby the Sumbawa Regency Regional Inflation Control Team (TPID) in an effortfacilitate the process of monitoring and making policy on material price inflationbasic needs and essential needs in the district of Sumbawa. This innovation is given a nameSIANDINI (Inflation Early Warning Information System) which is an application in the fieldgovernance and public services that process realtime price info on the wholesale markettraditional and modern markets in Sumbawa Regency along with analysis and recommendationsfor Local Government, Community, and Private sector. The purpose of this study is toknow the results and description of the use of the SIANDINI application in an effortpolicy making that remains effective and right on target. This research usestype of qualitative research methods - descriptive using the collection techniqueinterview data, observation and documentation. Results of the SIANDINI application researchsucceeded in producing achievements, namely providing ease of use of the application tousers, namely the government and society, so the use of the SIANDINI applicationhelp provide information on prices of basic necessities to the public and asdecision support tool for controlling inflation by the government.

FLOOD EARLY WARNING INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR MULTILOCATION BASED ANDROID

Development of flood early warning technology has grown rapidly. The technology has led to improvements in terms of communication and information technology. The use of the Internet of Things model (IOTs) has provided significant development to the development of early warning information systems. In this article is the development of a prototype model of flood monitoring information systems using Android has been designed by combining ultrasonic sensors as a water level detector, rain sensor, temperature sensor and moisture sensor. Arduino Uno Microcontroller Module used as sensor data processor, U-Blox Neo 6m GPS module as location detection and Ethernet module as sender of sensor data to station of flood early warning information system. The design of the prototype produces information on flood elevation, rain conditions, ambient temperature and soil moisture along with its location based on Google Maps interface on mobile android.

Implementation of the SMS Gateway in the Flood Early Warning Information System for Village Warning and Community Information

Flooding is a national disaster that often occurs in Indonesia. Flood disasters require long-term and short-term action. In the short-term system, the government currently emphasizes state and private institutions to jointly reduce flood victims by developing a flood disaster early warning system. Therefore, this study discusses the making of flood early warning information systems by utilizing GSM communication systems as a means of communication between clients and servers. The GSM communication service used is the SMS Gateway. The SMS gateway service is used for the first time sending data from a flood detection system to a flood information system. Second, disseminating flood information to the public. In this study, the flood warning system for flood early warning works with the integration of three modes.The three systems are flood detection systems, flood alarm systems, and flood early warning information systems. Flood detection systems are built using ultrasonic sensors and rain sensors as inputs, Arduino Uno as data processors and GSM SIM900 modules as outputs. The alarm system consists of GSM SIM900 module as Input, Arduino Uno as processor and electric alarm as output. The flood early warning information system was built using a Wavecom GSM modem, and data processing using PHP, MySQL DBMS, and Gammu. The communication system between each system uses SMS data. This method as a whole began in a flood detection system that sends flood and rain data to the flood early warning information system. And the flood warning system sends alarm activation data to the alarm system. Finally, the system distributes flood information to the public via SMS Gateway. This research is expected to help the community in anticipating more victims with flood information previously obtained.

Early warning of nursing risk based on patient electronic medical record information

In order to study the nursing risk warning of patients’ electronic medical record (EMR) information, data of 200 cases of patient from Eastern Medical District of Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital is selected. The Logistic regression model and nursing risk warning information system are used to calculate the death probability of the recovered patients 24h before discharge and 24h before the death of the patients. The predictive ability of the system is verified, and incidence of infusion, blood transfusion, surgical patient handover, blood sample collection nursing risk, and corresponding indirect care hours before and after the use of nursing risk warning are compared. The probability of death of the recovered patients within 24h before discharge is less than 0.5, and the death probability of the dead patients before the death of 24h is greater than 0.5. After the nursing risk warning is used, the infusion, surgical patient handover, and incidence of blood sample collection nursing risk are significantly lower than those before using the nursing risk warning and the difference is statistically significant. The indirect nursing hours of infusion, blood transfusion, surgical patient handover, and blood sample collection are significantly lower than those before using the nursing risk warning, and the difference is statistically significant. Therefore, the predictive ability of the patient's EMR information risk warning system has important reference value in clinical nursing, which can significantly reduce the incidence of infusion, surgical patient handover, and blood sample collection and nursing risk, reduce the infusion, blood transfusion, surgical patient handover, and indirect nursing hours for collecting blood samples, and improve the quality and efficiency of hospital diagnosis and treatment.

Science and technology for the Alert Group Disaster “Tumik Singgalang” East Malalak Nagari, Malalak District, Agam Regency, West Sumatra

In the implementation of devotion in Jorong Saskand obtained a commitment on the part of districts, villages and ellipse as a service area. The commitment is obtained based on some identification problems faced by people who are important to be solved collectively. Society needs an explanation in terms of the academic science related to the potential danger to human settlements that are prone to landslides. The survey was conducted using a test to determine the type of layer geoelectric lithology / rock. Based on the results of the interpretation of electrical resistivity tomography. Wenner configuration showed layers of clay and pumice tuff at this track. Scientific analysis is translated in simple language to convey to the public. The solution to the problems facing society is the improvement of information systems at the community level while considering the potential and local wisdom. Public understanding of scientific terms that are directly involved in the technical processes related to geological conditions in disaster areas and this becomes the basis for an early warning system to collect and effective mitigation mechanisms to do. Improvement of early warning information system for landslides that involve elements that exist in society. To strengthen the information system related to early warning, then the required agreement among participants so that generated Mechanism of Landslide Mitigation Participative Approach. This method is outlined in the form of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) early warning system for landslides Jorong Saskand, East Malalak, Agam Regency.

Implementation of wireless sensor network (WSN) on garbage transport warning information system using GSM module

The waste transport transportation system currently running is still using a scheduling system that prioritizes scheduled routes or locations. From the current system, it can be seen that there are still places that have accumulation of garbage. Therefore, a waste warning information system is needed that can provide information on the accumulation of garbage that must be transported immediately. Based on these problems, the purpose of this article is to discuss the creation of a prototype of a waste transport warning system by applying the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) system using GSM communication media. The client system prototype is built using an ultrasonic sensor that is used as a full garbage detector, Arduino Uno microcontroller, GSM module. Whereas in the information system server system warning waste transport uses the mySQL, PHP and Gammu databases. ) From the test results it is found that the client system has been able to send garbage data in full condition to the information system server. And the server has been able to display the results of sending data in the form of web pages. Next from the waste transport warning information system page, the operator can send the full location data of the garbage to be immediately transported to the transporting officer in the form of an SMS.

An Outbreak of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in a Secondary School — Hubei Province, 2019

What is already known about this topic? Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a type of tuberculosis with resistance to common treatments such as isoniazid and rifampicin. MDR-TB is a major global health challenge and needs to be controlled tightly through prevention measures, early diagnosis, and full treatment and management. What is added by this report? This outbreak was the first MDR-TB related public health emergency in Hubei Province. In total, five MDR-TB cases and nine clinically diagnosed cases were identified within one class in a secondary school. Students and teachers from other classes were monitored, but no other cases were found. What are the implications for public health practice? The implementation of TB prevention and control measures in schools is important to increase knowledge on TB and to raise awareness on protecting personal wellbeing. The Automatic Early Warning Information System alerted the local health department and allowed for a timely response to prevent further disease spread.

An Early Warning Information System for Social and Religious Conflict in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

An Early Warning Information System for Social and Religious Conflict in Yogyakarta, Indonesia