Abstract
Climate Compatible Development (CCD) is an emerging development approach which seeks to minimize the threat posed by climate change while maximize the opportunities for development. In view of the adverse impact of climate change on the general development of the country, Ethiopia, a number of polices which constitute climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies have been adopted and established. Among such polices, Ethiopian water resources and disaster risk management policy is expected to have direct and indirect role in addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation. Rainwater harvesting, water shed management, use of water efficiently, small scale irrigation and water resource protection, strengthening drought and flood early warning system are adaptation strategies for water resource policy, and water harvesting and improved energy efficiency are low carbon footprint strategies/mitigation strategies. Disaster risk management policy also comprises climate change and variability related disaster risk reduction strategies; enhancing early warning information system, and safety net program as the climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, which are the major component of CCD. These policies also have its own limitation in relation to the system base and institutional gap in implementing CCD. In fact, these barriers can be eased by updating and/or adjustment of the policies under the framework of climate compatible development; mainstreaming climate change issues into water resource and disaster risk management policy; strengthening sector-wise linkage and synergy to avoid overlap; as well as monitoring the climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies among sectors. Key words: Climate change, low-carbon footprint, adaptation, mainstreaming, Ethiopia
Highlights
Global climate is changing and have become a global issue in the recent decades
The scope of the paper is limited to reviewing Ethiopian water resource and disaster risk management policy through climate-compatible development lens, strategies, programs and projects which are meant to translate the general objectives of the policy into concrete results are referred along with the given policy document
This policy review is limited to Ethiopian water resource and disaster risk management policy which focuses on strategies of the policy related to climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies
Summary
Global climate is changing and have become a global issue in the recent decades. The change is coming in the form of temperature change, precipitation change, sea level rise, and extreme events. The severity of impacts will, depend strongly upon the existing environmental, demographic, social, and economic, governance and other factors that collectively determine exposure, sensitivity and capacity to resist, adapt to and recover from the effects (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - IPCC, 2013). Climate change has already began appearing in Ethiopia, which is one of the world countries that is mostly affected by climate change. Besides the direct effects such as an increase in average temperature or a change in rainfall patterns, climate change presents the necessity and opportunity to switch to a new, sustainable development model (MoWR/NMSA, 2001). It has been noted that there is a general increasing trend of GHG emissions in Ethiopia in the period of 1990-1995 and it is expected to increase in the future along with socio-economic development and population growth. The sink capacity of the country in the LUCF sector is decreasing rapidly due to deforestation mainly for agricultural and energy use (EPCC, 2015)
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