Vygotsky's Theory Research Articles

On the Spot Scaffolding as the Hermeneutic Phenomenology Action Field: Critical Thinking Case for Medical Students in Iran.

A major contribution to the humanities literature has been the development and application of Vygotsky's sociocultural theory in relevant fields. Constructivism as a paradigm is owed to Vygotsky and his efforts. On-the-spot scaffolding in this regard is one of the innovations that can be triangulated with hermeneutic phenomenology to pave the way for a paradigm shift in the educational system in a broad view and for critical thinking for medical students in a narrow view. This study aimed to illuminate the other side of the behavioristic lesson plan, which is on-the-spot scaffolding in implementing one of the modules of essential skills for doctors of medicine (Adab-e Pezeshki), which is critical thinking. This study was qualitative and longitudinal. It is longitudinal due to the 3 years of involvement and qualitative due to the study design approach and the use of discourse analysis and hermeneutic phenomenology as tools. Three main findings emerged from the study's qualitative nature: first, students who attended the sessions or who merely completed the assignments created an on-the-spot critical thinking scaffolding design, which is an alternative to a behavioristic lesson plan; and second, the students wrote numerous movie reviews in both Persian and English. One of the components of reflective autobiography is these film critics and a student-written, instructor-edited paper submitted to ICHPE 2023. There is an urgent need for a paradigm shift and comparative-historical investigations in the medical education system in Iran.

Effective Strategies and Methods to Enhance Music Practical Teaching in Higher Vocational Preschool Education

Abstract:This paper studies of effective strategies and methods to elevate music practical teaching in higher vocational preschool education. Acknowledging the pivotal role of higher vocational preschools in shaping the foundational years of a child's development, the study navigates through a comprehensive exploration of the significance of music education. Grounded in a robust literature review, the paper highlights the importance of curriculum design, instructional techniques, assessment methods, and the seamless integration of technology in shaping impactful music education experiences.Theoretical frameworks, notably the Suzuki Method and Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory, offer insights into pedagogical and socio-cultural aspects, emphasizing the creation of positive and immersive musical environments and collaborative learning experiences. Subsequently, the paper presents effective strategies, including the incorporation of technology, active learning approaches, and the customization of lessons to individual needs. The multifaceted benefits of music practical teaching in cognitive, emotional, and social domains are explored, emphasizing its role in holistic preschooler development. The study advocates for continuous professional development for music educators, stressing the importance of staying abreast of evolving pedagogical trends, engaging in collaboration and networking, and remaining informed about current trends and research in music education. By embracing these strategies, educators can cultivate a vibrant and enriching musical environment that fosters a lifelong love for music and nurtures the holistic development of preschool learners.

Supporting each other towards independence: A narrative analysis of first-year nursing students' collaborative process.

Collaboration for nursing is a core competence and therefore educational interventions are essentials for collaborative skills. To identify such interventions, we carried out a study to understand nursing students' collaborative process. A narrative inquiry method was used to explore the collaborative process of first-year undergraduate nursing students. The analysis was conducted on field notes from 70 h of observation of 87 nursing students' collaboration during skills lab activities. It also included transcriptions of four focus group discussions with 11 students. The results are presented as a sequential process of (1) navigating in unfamiliar territory, (2) navigating together to cope, and (3) navigating together towards independency and the future nursing profession. We identified a transition from teacher-led assistance and guidance to student interdependency and reciprocal learning, ending with student-led assistance supporting independency. In line with Vygotsky's theory of zone of proximal development, different scaffolding interventions are needed depending on where the students are in the collaborative process.

The Implications of the Zone of Proximal Development for English Teaching

The "zone of proximal development," conceived by the eminent Soviet psychologist Lev Vygotsky, describes a central framework in educational psychology. Vygotsky's theory posits a two-tiered model of children's intellectual development that includes their current level of achievement and their untapped potential. The zone of proximal development (ZPD) delineates the critical space between these developmental thresholds. This paper contends that through astute observation of students' learning processes, educators can systematically bridge the gap between a student's current level of development and his or her latent potential, thus integrating the ZPD into the domain of realized development. In addition, educators can tailor their instructional strategies to their students' evolving abilities and set new educational goals with the overarching goal of placing students at the centre of the learning experience. This approach is designed to cultivate and enhance students' abilities to learn independently. The following sections provide a comprehensive synthesis and analysis of various teaching methodologies rooted in the theoretical framework of the Zone of Proximal Development. Through a careful examination of these approaches, we seek to illuminate the dynamic interplay between pedagogical strategies and the ZPD, paving the way for more effective and student-centred English language teaching.

Nursing Students' Readiness, Attitude, and Performance in Face-to-Face Classes

This descriptive-correlational and causal study at Central Mindanao University, grounded in Lev Vygotsky's Social Learning Theory and the Health Belief Model, assessed the readiness, attitude, and academic performance of 115 nursing students in face-to-face classes using universal sampling. Findings indicate a high readiness level and positive attitudes toward face-to-face learning, correlating with moderately good academic performance. Notably, a significant negative correlation exists between readiness and performance, underscoring the importance of student preparedness in enhancing educational outcomes. These insights are crucial for educators and administrators in optimizing teaching strategies and integrating technological support to improve student success. Future research should investigate specific factors influencing academic achievements and develop targeted interventions to enhance learning experiences.

TEORIA DA ATIVIDADE DE ESTUDO E EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA REALÍSTICA: ARTICULAÇÃO E POSSIBILIDADES

ABSTRACT: This paper is the result of a bibliographic review, whose research is of a qualitative nature and aims to verify the limits and possibilities of a theoretical articulation between the Study Activity Theory (SAT) and the didactic current of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME). The Theory of Study Activity has its origins in Vygotsky's Cultural-Historical Theory, while Realistic Mathematics Education is a proposal by the mathematician educator Freudenthal. The theory about the activity of study relies on the foundation of researchers such as Davidov, Elkonin, Luria, Leontiev, and Repkin, among others, developed in Russian schools in the 1960s. In a short period, Freudenthal's approach appeared to be applied in Dutch schools. Both groups of researchers (Vygotsky and Freudenthal) were concerned with understanding the teaching and learning process: the Russians were focused on the development of the human psyche, specifically, of the child, while the Dutch educators were focused on the teaching of Mathematics in elementary schools. The research results indicate that there is a possibility of articulation between these approaches, especially in the teaching of Mathematics, since the SAT highlights human activity as a source for the development of humanity and that the teaching and learning process needs to consider the historical subject's culture; Freudenthal considers mathematics as a human activity and emphasizes the need to adopt practices that value the “rediscovery” of mathematical concepts through historical and cultural recovery.

The Value of Menumbai Sialang Tradition in History Learning Contributes to Character Building

This study analyzes the traditional values of menumbai sialang to shape Pancasila students' character in high school. It uses a descriptive qualitative approach with Vygotsky's constructivist theory. Data collection includes non-participant observation, interviews, and documentation, analyzed through triangulation. Results: (1) Swearing sialang is an ancient local tradition representing trinity through a procession for collecting forest honey. (2) Values aligned with Pancasila student indicators: (1) Swearing sialang is an ancient local tradition still in the process of taking forest honey with certain rituals representing the trinity relationship. (2) some values align with the character indicators of Pancasila students, namely (a) having faith-fearing God Almighty, reflected in the traditional procession as an expression of gratitude for God's gifts. (b) Global diversity, reflected in the awareness of the Petalangan tribe on the importance of maintaining their local culture. (c) Gotong royong can be reflected in the collective procession of gathering sialang. (d) Independence and responsibility are reflected in the efforts of the Petalangan tribe, who strive to conserve all resources. (e) Critical thinking, reflected in establishing customary sanctions for violators to maintain the balance of nature. (f) Creative, reflected in the ability of the Petalangan tribe to design environmentally friendly traditional tools to support traditional processions. (3) Menumbai sialang values can be integrated into high school history lessons through contextual learning, field trips, and the involvement of traditional leaders.

Sosyal Öğrenme Bağlamında Kutsal Zaman Kültürüne Disiplinlerarası Bir Bakış

The coexistence of religion and culture emerges in folk beliefs at sacred times. Sacred times play a mediating role between God and his believers. The endeavour to access the Sacred Being results in the productivity of human beings and cultural heritage. Religious references on sacred time are associated with the behaviours of people and enable the emergence of many cultural elements. The representation of the Sacred over time creates "the culture of sacred time" unique to each society. Cultural practices in different forms at sacred times contribute to the acquisition of religious feelings and behaviours in religious education. The study aims to reveal the contribution of the culture of sacred time to the development of behaviour through social learning in religious education. Since the phenomenon of sacred time is a common problem in folklore and religious sciences, the study is carried out by interdisciplinary approach. The method of the study is systematic literature review on the resources of both disciplines. The study reveals the contribution of the culture of sacred time to the development of religious behaviours through Bandura's social learning theory and Vygotsky's cognitive development theory.

Emotional Intelligence As an Object of Psycholinguistic Research

The purpose of research is to conduct a theoretical psycholinguistic analysis of the phenomenon of "emotional intelligence", and to answer the following questions: 1) if emotional intelligence can be considered a syncretic psychological phenomenon or is it just a kind of general intelligence; 2) how and when emotional intelligence is formed in the process of ontogenesis; 3) to what extent the level of formation of emotional intelligence correlates with the level of development of speech ability.Methods. On the basis of L.S. Vygotsky's theory of speech activity, cognitive, constructivist theories of language ontogenesis, in particular, the theory of phasing and continuity of speech and cognitive development, a descriptive and comparative analyses of the models of emotional intelligence of Mayer-Salovey-Caruso, Goleman, Reuven Bar-On and the model of emotional literacy of Steiner is carried out. From the standpoint of modern psychology and psycholinguistics, the process of forming the abilities that make up the essence of the phenomenon of emotional intelligence is analyzed.The results. The considered models allowed us to identify a phenomenological core – emotions and their manifestations – that coincides in all. All models assume a priori the presence of abilities to perceive, control and understand their own emotions and emotional states and those in other people. It is proved that these abilities have continuity and are formed in the complex of all social interactions of the child in parallel with cognitive and speech development. The matter of the syncretic nature of the phenomenon of emotional intelligence is dismissed.Conclusion. Emotional intelligence is not a separate psychological education, but serves as a marker of the development of the cjgnitive functions, it is a "by-product" of the cognitive, speech and mental development of the child in the norm.

Different reactions of parents to displays of anger in two- and three-year-old children

Purpose: The aim of this article is to present various parental reactions to displays of anger in two- and three-year-old children (reactive parenting methods) and determine which factors (age, gender, education, and place of residence) differentiate parental reactions to a child's behavior. Additionally, the study aimed to ascertain the reactive parenting methods parents use based on the type of situations reflecting behavioral manifestations of young children's autonomy. Method: A questionnaire-based study conducted with a sample of 120 parents of two- and three-year-old children (60 women and 60 men). An original questionnaire based on Lev Vygotsky's theory of the third year crisis (2002) was utilized. Participants were tasked with describing their reactions to behavioral displays of anger in small children across seven everyday life situations (negativism, stubbornness, defiance, wilfulness, opposition – rebellion, deprecation, and despotism). Results: Parents declared the use of all reactive parenting methods – both inductive and imperative (punitive and psychological aggression) in response to displays of anger in their two- and three-year-old children. Significant predictors for inductive and punitive methods were found to be the parent's age and education level, while for psychological aggression, predictors were gender and place of residence. The study indicated that only women resort to psychological aggression in their relationship with two- and three-year-olds, with its usage being more frequent when the mother's authority is more threatened and the child's opposition to her will becomes increasingly evident. Conclusion: Behavioral manifestations of autonomy in two- and three-year-olds are influenced by the natural developmental crisis of the third year. These are expressions of frustration in young children rather than displays of aggressive behavior, which require appropriate parenting methods. Based on the study, it was determined that parents primarily declare simultaneous use of inductive and punitive methods, yet the more a child demonstrates autonomy, the higher the declared tendency of parents to resort to punitive methods increases.

Need Analysis for Developing Model-Based Scientific Writing Teaching Materials Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in the Indonesian Language Course at Ichsan University Gorontalo Indonesia

This research aims to develop a scientific writing teaching material model using CLIL for the Indonesian Language Course at Ichsan University Gorontalo to improve students' skills in the Department of Information Systems. Additionally, Vygotsky's theory emphasizes the importance of peer influence in children's cognitive development, which can be accelerated through cooperative group work and peer tutoring. This research utilizes a model development research methodology, following the procedures developed by Tomlinson, which include identifying needs, exploration/survey of needs, contextual realization between teaching materials and learners and teachers/model analysis, and pedagogical realization for the development of teaching materials. Data collection involves a survey to identify the needs of lecturers and students in the Communication Studies Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Ichsan Gorontalo University. Data analysis is carried out using Content Analysis to evaluate the feasibility of the teaching materials for writing scientific papers based on CLIL for 30 students in the program. Research findings indicate that teaching materials for writing scientific-based papers in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) should include an explanation of writing scientific papers, notation techniques, and stages of writing. Additionally, written materials in various text types and genres, reading materials on different topics, and evaluations at the end of each unit, program midpoint, and end are essential components of the course in scientific wrting.

Integrasi Teori Perkembangan Kognitif Jeanpiaget dan Perkembangan Bahasa Vygotsky dalam Pembelajaran: Pemahaman dan Penerapan di Sekolah

Education has an important role in shaping children's development, especially in terms of cognition and language. In the cognitive development literature, Jean Piaget's theory and Lev Vygotsky's theory of language development have become two significant approaches in understanding how children learn, think, and communicate. This article combines these two theories and discusses their application in the context of learning in schools. Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the stages of intellectual development that play a role in children's understanding of the world. In a learning context, this understanding can help teachers develop a curriculum that is appropriate to students' cognitive development stages. Meanwhile, Vygotsky's theory of language development highlights the role of social interaction and the environment in children's language development. The application of this theory includes a collaborative approach to learning that encourages more effective communication and language interaction in the classroom.

Challenges confronting rural physical science educators in enhancing Grade 12 Performance

The quality of Physical Science education in rural South African schools is a matter of significant concern, particularly in the context of the country's development goals aimed at uplifting education standards in these areas and nurturing a more skilled workforce. Physical Science plays a pivotal role in enhancing scientific literacy across the nation. This qualitative study, framed within Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, sought to identify the challenges faced by Physical Science educators in improving Grade 12 results in rural schools in Vuwani. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and classroom observations involving a purposive selection of ten Physical Science educators from among 49 schools within the district. Thematic analysis was applied to the collected data, yielding insightful interpretations. The findings, primarily from interview responses, reveal that Physical Science educators in Vuwani grapple with various challenges. These challenges encompass resource scarcity, excessive workloads, inadequate support from school management teams (SMT), insufficient training when curricula change, overcrowded classrooms, and suboptimal learning environments. This study underscores the importance of fostering collaborative partnerships between schools, local communities, and business sectors. In particular, it recommends that businesses extend their support to rural schools, addressing infrastructure deficiencies and resource shortages. Such collaborative initiatives between government entities and businesses can enhance the overall quality of education in rural areas, ultimately mitigating the skills deficit and contributing to the nation's socioeconomic development goals.

Teori Jean Piaget vs Lev Vygotsky dalam Perkembangan Anak di Kehidupan Bermasyarakat

Child development in the context of social life is a complex and important topic in developmental psychology. Two theories that have greatly influenced the understanding of children's development in social settings are those of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. Jean Piaget's theory explains the urgency of the role of cognition in children's development. Piaget describes children constructing their own knowledge through stages of cognitive development. In the context of social life, Piaget's theory highlights how children acquire and adapt knowledge through interaction with their social environment. Children learn by exploring, asking questions, and building knowledge with peers and adults. Meanwhile, Lev Vygotsky emphasized the role of the social environment in children's development. His theory introduced the concept of real developmental fields, where children can learn from interactions with more experienced people. In social life, Vygotsky suggested that children can develop cognitive and social skills through cooperation with adults and peers. This reinforces the idea that learning is a social process that takes place in a social context. The combination of Piaget and Vygotsky's theories helps us understand how children develop an understanding of their social world and how the social environment plays an important role in this process. Through purposeful exploration and interaction in community life, children can build the foundation of social knowledge and skills needed to thrive and become contributing members of society.

Penerapan Perkembangan Kognitif Jean Piaget dan Perkembangan Bahasa Vygotsky dalam Pembelajaran

In this research, researchers are interested in examining the application of Jean Piaget's cognitive development and Vygotsky's language development in learning. The aim of this research is to deepen understanding of the application of Jean Piaget's cognitive theory and Vygotsky's language theory in learning. In his research, the researcher used a qualitative approach through literature study. Literature study is the object studied in this research, namely the application of Jean Piaget's cognitive development and Vygotsky's language development. The results of this research can be said that language development is closely related to cognitive development.

Схема теории Льва Выготского. Часть 2

<p>Reconstructing the views of the genius of science is a process of approaching an understanding of the personality, thinking, and meaning of the views that transcends the limitations of time. A process that is especially relevant when paradigms change. In this article we address the ontological center of L. S. Vygotsky's theory, his idea of the "whole" and the "one". We show that these key concepts, on which his idea of the psyche as a network of "units of analysis of the whole" is built, contain the content corresponding to the postnonclassical paradigm. Vygotsky's "unity" and "whole" are not the same thing. The three mental functions are fused into a unity possessing new properties, which are manifested in each of these functions. We find this when we pay attention to a function as an independent, separate from the others. The psyche, according to Vygotsky, is arranged as fusions of three functions (triangulation) and connections between these "unities" (network). The "unities" form a whole. The whole is given and not given at the same time. The "unity" becomes a whole reflecting the larger whole, the whole psyche. The genesis of the "unity" leads to a whole that is not equal to the sum of its parts. Such a whole is identical to the concept of modality. Vygotsky's approach to the construction of psychology can force the development of modal psychology.</p>

“Pero yo también estoy aprendiendo”: Negotiating expert and novice positions in heritage–second language learner interaction

AbstractDrawing on positioning theory and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of mind, this study analyzes the discursive processes through which expert and novice positions are negotiated in heritage–second language (HL–L2) learner interaction. It examines how positioning practices shape collaboration between HL and L2 learners, determining what types of learning opportunities are created and for whom. Data was collected in a high‐intermediate Spanish language class with 8 HL and 10 L2 learners. As part of their regular course activities, learners completed four collaborative writing tasks in mixed dyads. Three HL–L2 interactions were selected as case studies. The combined analysis of discursive positioning, patterns of interaction, and language‐related episodes showed how expert positions, often assigned to HL learners due to their heritage speaker status, constrain these learners’ access to the linguistic feedback and help needed for HL development. When pre‐established conceptions of linguistic expertise are challenged and HL learners are positioned as language learners, with knowledge to gain, and their L2 partners as equal peers, with knowledge to share, opportunities for HL development expand. The article discusses the research and pedagogical implications of these findings.

PHILOSOPHY AND CREATIVITY WITH CHILDREN: LIPMAN, VYGOTSKY, RODARI.

The article is focused on the topic of how to practice philosophy and support creativity in kindergartens and elementary schools with the help of fairy tales, in particular with the help of the story of Pinocchio. Emphasis is placed on Lipman's activity of philosophy for children, which he tried to connect with Vygotsky's theories. The aim of the article is to show the importance of developing critical thinking in the form of dialogue in connection with creative thinking, which Gianni Rodari focused on. Rodari was based on Vygotsky's theory of imagination as a process of the human mind, which is a characteristic of all human being.

Evaluation of Teacher's Classroom Practices in the Context of Vygotsky's Cultural-Historical Theory

The effective continuation of the learning process depends on the teacher's interaction with children. Teachers must be facilitative in this interaction process while guiding children's learning. This study focuses on determining how teachers' classroom practices are reflected in the learning environment in the context of Vygotsky's cultural-historical theory. The study was designed as a case study from qualitative research models. All six teachers who constituted the study's data set worked in the same preschool education institution. Each teacher was observed for five days during the half-day period at the school using the non-participant observer technique. The observations were followed according to the "Teacher Observation Form" prepared by the researchers. This form included five headings: "Use of Language", "Use of Mediators," "Shared Activity," "Zone of the Proximal Development," and "Play." Content analysis was used to analyze the observations. As a result, it was concluded that teachers need to be informed about Vygotsky's cultural-historical theory in terms of theory and practice and that they need to share practices in the theory infrastructure.

Penguatan Pembelajaran Berbasis Kecakapan Abad 21 Melalui Budaya Lokal: Studi Literature Review Teori Vygostsky dan Ki Hadjar Dewantara

This article aims to answer how school strategies can be carried out in strengthening 21st century-based learning through local culture. The method used in this study uses a literature review. The data collection technique is carried out by collecting articles and related research results through a collection of online databases including book chapters, science direct, proceedings and spingers that are searched using the article search service from Google Scholar and the Mendeley application program in the 2017-2022 period. The data analysis technique was carried out with the stages of planning a literature review, determining keywords, collecting articles, data classification, data reduction and data analysis. The results show that there are 3 strategies that schools can implement in realizing 21st century skills-based learning through local culture with Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory approach and Ki Hadjar Dewantara's theory of local culture. There are 3 aspects that are seen in the competence of 21st century teachers, namely knowledge, performance criteria, and product criteria