Voyage Of Discovery Research Articles

New World, New Germs: The Role of European Expansion in the Development of Germ Theory

Whenever cultures meet, exchange is inevitable. There will be exchanges of goods, of languages, of cultures, and of disease. The epidemics and pandemics sparked by European expansion in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries were devastating but ultimately encouraged scholars to think critically about disease and its origins. By examining the language and ideas of first-hand accounts of plague, scurvy, syphilis, and smallpox, the evolution of European theories of disease can be traced from the Justinian Plague of 560 AD to the London Plague of 1625 AD. Examining the impact that the European voyages of discovery had on theories of disease shows that expansionism served to catalyze the development of our modern germ theory.

A voyage of discovery: From fulfilling funding criteria to revealing a clearer vision for music therapy in a special needs school

In the era of the evidence-based practice (EBP) movement, music therapists are increasingly asked to provide evidence for funders. Often this has been the requirement to “evaluate existing services, or to justify the creation of new services with ‘appropriate’ evidence” (Pavlicevic, Ansdell, Procter & Hickey 2009: 3-4). Youth Music Initiative│Creative Scotland (YMI) awarded funds to Nordoff-Robbins Music Therapy in Scotland to support music therapy services for a number of schools in a local council area in Scotland. As part of this funding, they requested a service evaluation of one of these schools. The first part of this paper describes this evaluation (conducted in 2013) of the music therapy service in a school for pupils with complex needs. The evaluation aimed to assess the impact of music therapy on the pupils and the school and to ensure the quality of the service. The second part of the paper discusses the process of meeting an additional request from the funders which came after the completion of the evaluation. This time, all of the schools under the umbrella of this funding block were each asked to provide information to prove eligibility to access this funding to ensure funding renewal. Case studies and the evaluation findings are used to help illustrate how music therapy meets the funder’s goals. This process led to the development of a model for a continuum of music provision in the school. This paper aims to demonstrate how the funding journey not only ensured the continuance of music therapy but actually resulted in a clearer vision of the role of music therapy in the school.

Personal development planning: a voyage of discovery

Personal development plans (PDPs) are a regulatory requirement for all DCPs, but what should they include? The PDP described here is based on some of the theories of development planning and it is hoped that you may find it useful in making your own PDP a more comprehensive and valuable tool

Final frontier: the pioneering science and technology of exploring the universe

In The Final Frontier we discover the massive challenges that face explorers, both human and robotic, to uncover the current and future technologies that could take us out into the galaxy and take a voyage of discovery where no one has gone before...but one day someone will. In 2003, General Wesley Clark set the nation a challenge to produce the technology that would enable new pioneers to explore the galaxy. That challenge is tough - the greatest we've ever faced. But taking on the final frontier does not have to be a fantasy. In a time of recession, escapism is always popular - and what greater escape from the everyday can there be than the chance of leaving Earth's bounds and exploring the universe? With a rich popular culture heritage in science fiction movies, books and TV shows, this is a subject that entertains and informs in equal measure.

Teachable Moment: Google Earth Takes Us There

The only true voyage of discovery … would be not to visit strange lands but to possess other eyes.Marcel Proust, Remembrance of Things PastProfessors of earth science and French may at first glance...

Voyages of Discovery.

The metabolism of calcium and bone is controlled by five principal hormones: parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone-related peptide and fibroblast growth factor 23, some of which have been known for several decades and some of which have only more recently been identified. The stories of the discovery of these hormones have constituted a series of complex journeys that have been undertaken over the past century or so, none of which has yet been completed. The complexities of bone and calcium metabolism have been and remain, to many people, somewhat mysterious and a daunting task to understand. This book is designed to try to unravel those mysteries and present them in an interesting and comprehensible manner.

Early attempts by François Péron and Louis Depuch to measure the temperature at various depths in the ocean, and their thoughts about a hot versus a cold interior of the earth

During the course of a voyage of discovery to Australia the zoologist François Péron, aided in its early stages by the geologist Louis Depuch, took regular measurements of air and water temperatures at the surface of the sea and, on four occasions, at various depths in the equatorial parts of the Atlantic Ocean. The data they collected made a useful contribution to a better understanding of the oceanic environment. A comparison of their findings with results obtained on the voyages of Captain Phipps to northern latitudes and by scientists on Captain Cook’s second voyage in waters of the South Pacific Ocean, enabled Péron to declare that temperatures in the world’s oceans, at all latitudes, decreased with depth. Considering the implication of this trend to ideas on the temperature in the interior of the Earth, Depuch sided with scholars who believed that its centre was hot, while Péron, relying on his own observations and those of other investigators, tended to favour the cold Earth theory, but was hesitant in reaching a firm conclusion.

Integrated Reasoning Engine for Code Clone Detection

This article seeks to foray into the nitty-gritty of integrated reasoning for code clone detection and how it is effectively carried out, given the amount of analytics usually associated with such activities. Detection of codes requires high-pitch familiarity with cloning systems and their workings. Hence, discovering similar code segments that are often regarded and seen as code imitations (clone) is not an easy responsibility. More especially, this very detection process might possess key purposes in the context of susceptibility findings, refactoring, and imitation detecting. Through the voyage of discovery this article intends to expose you to, you will realize that identical code segments, more often than not described as code clones, appear to be a serious duty, especially for large code bases <1; 2; 3; 4>. There are certain approaches and deep technicalities that this sort of detection is known for. Still, from the avalanche of resources that formed the bedrock of this article, one would discover the easiest formula to adopt in maneuvering such strenuous issues.

It's Spending that Matters: From Robust Control Theory to Practical Heuristics

The problems caused by state and local revenue volatility are inherently challenging. The State of Oregon has an especially volatile revenue structure, which can cause all sorts of problems as the state moves through the business cycle. Nevertheless, we have concluded that these problems are caused less by revenue volatility per se than by adjusting spending up and down to match current revenue flows, from growing spending at unsustainable rates during booms and cutting back precipitously during busts. The mild recession of 2001-2 had a particularly severe aftermath in Oregon. This event shocked the state’s policy makers into addressing the revenue volatility issue, making sense of it, and taking steps that greatly mitigated the adverse effects of the ‘Great Recession.’ This essay describes three things: the public-policy processes that produced this moderately happy outcome, my own voyage of discovery as I observed/participated in these processes, and a set of practical mechanisms states can use to stabilize spending.

Onward from the cradle.

This essay records a voyage of discovery from the “cradle of cell biology” to the present, focused on the biology of the oldest known cell organelle, the cilium. In the “romper room” of cilia and microtubule (MT) biology, the sliding MT hypothesis of ciliary motility was born. From the “summer of love,” students and colleagues joined the journey to test switch-point mechanisms of motility. In the new century, interest in nonmotile (primary) cilia, never lost from the cradle, was rekindled, leading to discoveries relating ciliogenesis to autophagy and hypotheses of how molecules cross ciliary necklace barriers for cell signaling.

Experiences of prison officers on a Lifer Psychologically Informed Planned Environment

Purpose– Psychologically Informed Planned Environments (PIPEs) provide a pathway facility for offenders with complex needs, such as personality disorder; to maintain and develop the progress made on offending behaviour programmes (Ministry of Justice and Department of Health, 2012). The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of prison officers who work on a PIPE in a Lifer prison.Design/methodology/approach– Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to explore the experiences of five prison officers working on a PIPE in a Lifer prison.Findings– Main themes identified were labelled “Role Conflict”, “Growth”, “Relationships” and “Impact”. A rich and detailed account of the experience of the “voyage of discovery” and the personal challenges, costs and rewards of the PIPE work was achieved.Research limitations/implications– Limitations include the small number of participants, limited focus of the researchers, both Forensic Psychologists, and the uniqueness of the context, a Lifer prison. Limitations might be addressed by future research that could expand on the current findings. Implications for future research include further exploration of the psychological impact of the work, dynamics within the PIPE and the value of attachment theory in work with personality disordered offenders. Implications for future policy and practice concern training, support and the development of new PIPEs.Originality/value– The research adds a rich account of what it is like for these prison officers to work on a PIPE in a Lifer prison. The experiences shared reveal the personal challenge, costs and rewards of the work through which ideas to develop the staff, residents and the PIPE model emerged.

“The Great measur’d by the Less”: The Ethnological Turn in Eighteenth-Century Pastoral

Recent criticism has emphasized eighteenth-century poets’ fascination with Virgil’s Georgics , which they associated with scientific discovery and agricultural reform. This article restores the georgic’s partner mode, the pastoral, to its important place in the poetic imagination of the time. It tracks the rise of cultural description and comparison in English pastoral poetry in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. In a social milieu fascinated by the rise of urban culture and by the peoples encountered on voyages of discovery, pastoral comparison served as an important precursor to the social scientific literature that developed later in this period.

Remembering Sir Francis Drake: Travel, Commemoration and National Identity in the Work of Henry Robarts

Henry Robarts is a little-known writer whose work includes prose romances, records of state entertainments, and commendatory pamphlets on travel. This article pays particular attention to his celebrations of Sir Francis Drake, which form part of a sub-genre of writing on travel and which provide insights into how voyages of discovery figured in the late-sixteenth-century popular imagination. It considers how Robarts theorises the act of commemoration in these and other texts, and looks at the crucial role he imagines both it and travel to play in shaping England's national identity.

Crystallography history, a tool for science education

To introduce Crystallography to the Public, we have organized the crystallography exhibition "Journey into the crystal" in 2009, a "Laue Symposium" in 2012 and a "Bragg symposium, Crystallography for life" in 2013. For the IYCr2014 we have created a set of multilingual hands-on travelling exhibitions to be used in different communities and particularly in emerging countries (in Africa, South America, Asia,...). In addition, we create a set of multilingual tools and other educational material like games to come with these exhibition presentations. A voyage of discovery: Based on this travelling exhibition, we can take visitors on a journey of discovery of matter, but also on a journey through time to the beginnings of crystallography. The public discover why crystal puzzles people so much, why it is so useful to science and why it plays such an important role in our daily lives. With crystallography the public can discover, for example: -1- The myths surrounding diamonds including the surprising fact that diamonds will burn like graphite. Thanks to crystallography, the answer lies in the structure of their chemical bonds. -2- How, in the 18th and 19th centuries, scientists still managed to imagine the architecture of crystals, even though they could not use X-rays to see inside them. -3- Here, use a laser as a source of the light to explain `diffraction and learn how the 1895 discovery of the mysterious "X-Rays" inspired the work of Laue and the Braggs, father and son, making it possible to "journey" into the heart of a crystal. -4- The discovery of DNA and the use of crystallography to understand the biological world and thus the secret of life. This knowledge has greatly contributed to the development of new drugs and thus to the expansion of the pharmaceutical industry. -5- Play with card games or mosaics to understand easily the concepts of periodicity and atomic order and see the explanation of crystal's shape and symmetry. -6- Cultivate crystals,... the specific qualities of crystals make them key materials in many applications and we must take our time to make large crystals...

ChemInform Abstract: The Renaissance of Organic Radical Chemistry — Deja Vu All over Again

AbstractReview: 33 refs.

The gravity of it all: From osteoporosis to immunosuppression, exploring disease in a microgravity environment holds promise for better treatments on Earth.

Today, exploration into the universe beyond our planet takes many forms and has led to fascinating discoveries in the life and physical sciences, many of which inform our understanding of health and medicine here on Earth. These new voyages of discovery include telescopes that peer deep into space and time, rovers that crawl about on other planets, and, most remarkably, a permanently crewed orbital outpost: the International Space Station (ISS). Like the voyages of discovery long ago, the ISS is a ship with human pioneers looking outward to the next horizon, exploring the physical universe beyond?but also inward, to define the limits of our existence when living in the new frontier of space.

Our beautiful moon and its mysterious magnetism: a long voyage of discovery

Our beautiful moon and its mysterious magnetism: a long voyage of discovery

Unearthing the Goddess Within: Feminist Revisionist Mythology in the Poetry of Margaret Atwood

“The voyage of discovery is not in seeking new landscapesbut in having new eyes.”—Marcel ProustWe are Eve, Mother Earth, the Madonna, Desdemona, Medusa, Persephone, all embodiments of male-created ...

Architecture of Inherited Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer: A Voyage of Discovery

This review looks back at five decades of research into genetic susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC) and the insights these studies have provided. Initial evidence of a genetic basis of CRC stems from epidemiological studies in the 1950s and is further provided by the existence of multiple dominant predisposition syndromes. Genetic linkage and positional cloning studies identified the first high-penetrance genes for CRC in the 1980s and 1990s. More recent genome-wide association studies have identified common low-penetrance susceptibility loci and provide support for a polygenic model of disease susceptibility. These observations suggest a high proportion of CRC may arise in a group of susceptible individuals as a consequence of the combined effects of common low-penetrance risk alleles and rare variants conferring moderate CRC risks. Despite these advances, however, currently identified loci explain only a small fraction of the estimated heritability to CRC. It is hoped that a new generation of sequencing projects will help explain this missing heritability.

Evaluation of surgical training in the era of simulation.

To assess where we currently stand in relation to simulator-based training within modern surgical training curricula. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed database using keywords "simulation", "skills assessment" and "surgery". The studies retrieved were examined according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Time period reviewed was 2000 to 2013. The methodology of skills assessment was examined. Five hundred and fifteen articles focussed upon simulator based skills assessment. Fifty-two articles were identified that dealt with technical skills assessment in general surgery. Five articles assessed open skills, 37 assessed laparoscopic skills, 4 articles assessed both open and laparoscopic skills and 6 assessed endoscopic skills. Only 12 articles were found to be integrating simulators in the surgical training curricula. Observational assessment tools, in the form of Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) dominated the literature. Observational tools such as OSATS remain the top assessment instrument in surgical training especially in open technical skills. Unlike the aviation industry, simulation based assessment has only now begun to cross the threshold of incorporation into mainstream skills training. Over the next decade we expect the promise of simulator-based training to finally take flight and begin an exciting voyage of discovery for surgical trainees.