Voting In Elections Research Articles

Uncovering Young Voters' Participation in Money Politics in General Elections

Participating in election activities through voting alone, has captured the slogans in the campaign. However, sometimes public participation is based on money politics during elections. Young voters are alleged to have a considerable contribution in voting. This study aims to identify and analyze the existence of money politics that can encourage participation from young voters in general elections. This research method uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. The source of data obtained comes from literature studies, so the data is obtained from reports or information from existing research results. Data analysis of this research uses Context Review, Historical Review, Theoretical Review, Integrative Review, Methodological Review, and Theoretical Review. The results and discussion are that people only hunt for rent by approaching candidates and parties ahead of elections in order to get money politics. Followed by identification and analysis of forms of political participation. The conclusion is that the forms of participation of the younger generation in the form of voting, political discussions, and campaigns still use money politics. But in building and following interest groups and individual communication to political or administrative officials there is no money politics.

The social landscape of wolves in Canada - preliminary findings

ABSTRACT Despite the long-standing presence of wolves (Canis lupus) in Canada, attitudes toward wolves have been understudied at the national scale. However, such data can inform wildlife management policies and robust coexistence strategies. We developed an 11-question survey to assess “the social landscape” of wolves in Canada. We explored the following research questions: 1) Are attitudes toward wolves generally positive? 2) What is the role of proximity on attitudes toward and tolerance for wolves? 3) What demographic characteristics matter most? Preliminary results indicate that Canadians have positive attitudes toward wolves regardless of age, gender, province, and vote in the last federal election; only ethnicity had a statistically significant effect. We also found that positive attitude is related to proximity and tolerance. More research with larger sample sizes and more focused surveys are needed to delve deeper into these preliminary results.

Президентские выборы как показатель внутриполитической стабильности в РФ: федеральные и региональные аспекты

Subject. Presidential elections as an indicator of internal political stability in the Russian Federation. Purpose. Identification of factors of political stability in the Russian society capable to influence the electoral behavior of citizens, their attitude to various political institutions and actors, as well as affect the results of presidential elections. Results. The processes that took place during the election of the President of the Russian Federation since the beginning of the 2000s were considered. Based on the data of the Central Electoral Commission, the results of voting for the country as a whole and for individual regions were analyzed. It was noted that the ability to overcome difficulties at crucial moments for the state predetermined certain victories of V.V. Putin in elections. Methodology. The article uses general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, method of comparative analysis, system and structural-functional approaches, statistical method. Scope. The results of the study can be applied in the practical activities of public politicians, state and municipal government bodies, in the development of general and special courses in political science, conflict science, national and regional security, political regionalism. Findings. The stability of the functioning of the structured political system and the high percentage of voters in the presidential elections clearly lie in effective action to ensure the well-being of citizens, the traditions of the national political culture.

Is Personal Branding The Key To Success In Simultaneous Elections In 2024?

In the context of representative democracy, elections play a central role in determining the direction of a country's policies and leadership. In Indonesia, the moment of general elections, especially the presidential and vice presidential elections, is very important to determine the political future of the nation. With the development of democracy, the phenomenon of first-time voters has emerged-a new generation that is actively involved in the political process. This study aims to examine the impact of personal branding of presidential and vice presidential candidates on novice voters in the 2023 general election. The method used is quantitative with data collection through questionnaires and data analysis using Smart PLS. The results showed that personal attributes such as honesty, professional background, populism, and wealth have a significant positive influence on the perception of personal branding of presidential and vice presidential candidates among novice voters. These findings make a significant contribution to the understanding of how personal branding elements can influence the decisions of novice voters in general elections.

The Personalization of Electoral Participation? The Relationship Between Trait Evaluations of Presidential Candidates and Turnout Decisions in American Presidential Elections 1980–2020

AbstractThe personalization thesis claims that leaders’ influence over voters has increased. While research consistently shows that candidates influence party choice, we know little about their effects on the prior decision to turn out in elections. This article represents the first study to examine the relationship between candidate trait evaluations and turnout decisions in the American context and the first longitudinal study of the phenomenon. The study utilizes ANES data to test three hypotheses drawn from theories on electoral participation and personalized politics in U.S. presidential elections between 1980 and 2020. The results show that while trait evaluations of Republican candidates consistently affect turnout, perceptions of Democratic candidates’ competence mobilize voters in specific elections. Moreover, individual polarization promotes turnout, particularly among partisan dealigned voters with different perceptions of the candidates’ competence. The results indicate a personalization of electoral participation that can benefit civic engagement and democratic quality.

The differential impact of EU attitudes on voting behaviour in the European parliamentary elections 2019

ABSTRACT EU attitudes are multidimensional and likely to matter differentially for voting across different parties. The 2019 European Parliament (EP) elections offer a unique setting for testing the differential effects of multidimensional EU attitudes, as the election results entailed increased political fragmentation – with notable pro- and anti-EU party groups in the EP gaining strength. This article examines the importance of EU attitudes on electoral choice and zooms in on the influence of specific EU attitudes on party voting in EP elections (‘EU issue voting’). We use original survey data collected around the 2019 EP elections in ten EU member states, which include a fine-grained measurement of EU attitudes. We find evidence for EU issue voting in all countries, albeit not equally structured across countries. EU issue voting matters across all party groups with affective and performance evaluations having the strongest effects.

The (non)-religious voter in Canadian elections

Religious and regional cleavages have been key for understanding Canadian elections, and particularly the domination of the Liberal Party of Canada. While the conventional wisdom has been that these two cleavages are the most important sociodemographic factors in explaining citizens' vote choice, scholars have not paid a lot of attention to religious voting in recent elections. In this research note, we provide the first systematic post-2011 analysis of religious voting in Canada. We do so by leveraging recent Canadian Election Studies. We examine the relationship between voters’ religious affiliation and level of religiosity and vote choice. We show that both facets of religious voting matter, but that their impacts vary across parties and regions. The findings inform scholarship on Canadian politics as well as comparative analyses of sociodemographic cleavages in electoral democracies.

Explaining Deviant Voting in Subnational Elections: The Case of Local Council Elections in Germany

Elections in multi-level systems are challenging for voters because they are supposed to hold political representatives accountable in a complex system of responsibilities. Therefore, when casting their votes in elections at different levels of government, level-specific factors should be of relevance for voters when making voting decisions. We compare deviant voting behaviour in two specific types of local democracy, namely those where institutional and political factors cluster differently. While local candidate-oriented democracies are characterised by candidate-centred voting systems and local party systems with low degrees of nationalisation, local party-oriented democracies are characterised by closed list systems and local party systems that show high degrees of nationalisation. Using individual and aggregate data on local elections in Germany from 2014, we show that voters in local candidate-oriented democracies seem to be more affected by local factors when casting their votes. However, we also show that our results depend on the respective measurement strategies for deviant voting, as local vote intention in free list systems may be measured in alternative ways. The paper makes a significant contribution to the understanding of deviant and local voting behaviour in multi-level democracies with different voting systems.

Simplified model relating blank and null votes to voter turnout from Brazilian state elections results

Studies investigating opinion dynamics in elections have mainly focused on votes cast for candidates. However, voter opinions can also be expressed through blank and null votes when none of the candidates represents them. Therefore, our study proposed to model blank and null votes in a scenario of only two candidates using data from nine election years for Brazilian state governors that took place in a second round, making a total of 90 elections. We analyzed the relationship between the turnout and votes for each candidate, as well as blank and null votes, representing the three partitions of the votes in a second-round election. We found the behavior scaling laws for all elections and the three partition votes, totaling 270 fits. Combining this result with the probability conservation of the votes over the voter turnout, we developed a model for the blank and null votes depending on a single parameter. The scaling law behavior of blank and null votes allowed us to observe that voters in the larger populations are more difficult to win over.

Inflation in 2022 did not affect congressional voting, but abortion did

This study examines voting in the 2022 United States congressional elections, contests that were widely expected to produce a sizable defeat for Democratic candidates for largely economic reasons. Based on a representative national probability sample of voters interviewed in both 2020 and 2022, individuals who changed their vote from one party's congressional candidate to another party's candidate did not do so in response to the salience of inflation or declining economic conditions. Instead, we find strong evidence that views on abortion were central to shifting votes in the midterm elections. Americans who favored (opposed) legal abortions were more likely to shift from voting for Republican (Democratic) candidates in 2020 to Democratic (Republican) candidates in 2022. Since a larger number of Americans supported than opposed legal abortions, the combination of these shifts ultimately improved the electoral prospects of Democratic candidates. New voters were especially likely to weigh abortion views heavily in their vote-shifting calculus. Likewise, those respondents whose confidence in the US Supreme Court declined from 2020 to 2022 were more likely to shift from voting for Republican to Democratic congressional candidates. We provide direct empirical evidence that changes in support for the Supreme Court, a nonpartisan branch of the federal government, are implicated in partisan voting behavior in another branch of government. We explore the implications of these findings for prevalent assumptions about how economic conditions influence voting, as well as for the relationship between the judiciary and electoral politics.

Fenomena Politk Uang Dalam Pemilihan Umum Legistlatif

Elections are a democratic process used to elect government leaders and represent the community in government institutions. Money politics is a phenomenon that often occurs in general elections. Money political campaigns are carried out by individuals or groups who use money to influence people's behavior in elections. The aim of this article focuses on the phenomenon of money politics that occurs in society during the campaign period for legislative candidates in the 2024 elections at the neighborhood level and to find out the factors that cause money politics to occur. The form of money politics carried out includes providing basic necessities, money and health services to voters to win votes in legislative elections. This research was conducted using a qualitative research approach, collecting data through interviews and literature reviews. The results of this research show that not all people are influenced by political choices through money politics.

Analisis Pengambilan Keputusan Pada Reformasi Sistematika Rekapitulasi Suara Pemilu 2024

This study analyzes the decision-making process regarding the policy of using the Sirekap application in the 2024 election vote recapitulation process using George R. Terry's rational decision-making theory with indicators of problem clarity, goal orientation, cognitive knowledge, clear preferences, and maximum results. The method used is a literature review by mapping the problem using Fishbone Diagram Analysis. The analysis identified root causes such as complex and manual election processes, infrastructure budget requirements, lack of supervision, and inefficient manual recapitulation. Recommendations include simplifying regulations, mapping areas with limited access, strengthening regulations related to the principles of election technology, and involving supervisory institutions. The use of Sirekap is expected to increase the speed, accuracy and transparency of the recapitulation process to maintain the credibility of election results.

Philippine English in the political speeches of President Rodrigo Duterte

AbstractThe rise of Rodrigo Duterte to power after the 2016 national elections in the Philippines quickly and drastically altered the country's political landscape. This is observed in the language choices of Duterte, in political speeches delivered during his administration. However, these ‘dutertisms’ have already been observed even before the national elections. This paper considers the years before Duterte became President and analyses his language practices in some of his campaign speeches. Using Davis's Lapu‐Lapu Factor as a lens, I attempt to trace how Duterte has successfully weaponised his brand of English, heavily textured by his heritage language Davao Bisaya, to win votes in the national elections.

Consequentialism, Collective Action, and Blame

Abstract Several important questions in applied ethics – like whether to switch to a plant-based diet, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, or vote in elections – seem to share the following structure: if enough people ‘cooperate’ and become vegan for example, we bring about a better outcome; but what you do as an individual seems to make no difference whatsoever. Such collective action problems are often thought to pose a serious challenge to consequentialism. In response, I defend the Reactive Attitude Approach: rather than focus only on the deontic status of (non-)cooperative acts – as existing consequentialist responses mostly do – consequentialists should also focus on when to praise or blame individuals. For example, even if your veganism does not change the overall outcome, consequentialists might still recommend praising you for your cooperative behavior. I make a consequentialist case for including praise and blame in our ethical practices around collective action and argue that doing so helps us capture important intuitions. I develop and defend these arguments by drawing on recent instrumentalist theories of blame and responsibility.

The geography of educational voting: Understanding where individuals with similar qualifications vote differently across Britain

This study offers a novel account of the geographical variation in the association of educational attainment with electoral behaviour. It estimates multilevel random-coefficient models using survey data from the British Election Study Internet Panel and data on constituency characteristics to explore the extent to which, and reasons why, the voting behaviours of individuals with identical qualifications varied across different types of parliamentary constituencies in British general elections from 2015 to 2019. We find the geography of this educational cleavage has not been evenly distributed in recent years. While the individual-level association of educational attainment and vote choice indeed varied geographically at the 2015, 2017 and 2019 general elections, there is only limited evidence to suggest that similarly educated individuals voted differently in constituencies with low and high densities of persons with high levels of education. Rather, our findings suggest that constituency left behind-ness (broadly defined) is the most important factor in explaining the spatial heterogeneity of education-based voting in recent British general elections.

Mnemonic politics among Philippine voters: a social media measurement approach

ABSTRACT Nostalgic rhetoric has proven effectiveness among frustrated voters in democratic elections. Studies have introduced various measures for nostalgic sentiment, but the debate remains with regard to finding a suitable instrument. Using a social media approach, we propose a method to identify nostalgic rhetoric and investigate observable patterns, leveraging the Philippine presidential election in May 2022. We conduct text-as-data analysis and investigate sub-national and individual variation in nostalgia for Ferdinand Marcos Sr. Our approach, which combines machine learning and human labelling, identifies a significant share of tweets about Marcos Jr. as having nostalgia for Marcos Sr. Using these nostalgic tweets as a measure for authoritarian nostalgia, we explore regional variation in Marcos nostalgia across Philippines’ provinces and run statistical analysis with existing predictors for Marcos nostalgia. Our analysis shows that voters in provinces with higher support for Rodrigo Duterte in the 2016 election are more likely to post nostalgic tweets. We further explore individual variation and find that individual accounts that express negative assessment of their current status are more likely to use nostalgic rhetoric. Combined results from this paper provide among the first empirical analysis of large-scale data on how voters discuss and distribute nostalgic rhetoric for a former dictatorship.

Second-order Economic Voting in Elections to the European Parliament

When examining citizens’ behaviour in elections to the European Parliament (EP), second order elections (SOE) and economic voting (EV) have overlooked each other as alien traditions. However, they should not be seen as incompatible: voters may use EP elections to support national incumbents but, at the same time, this support may be the result of an economic assessment. This paper blends both frameworks and finds that, even though EP elections are not intended to evaluate domestic politics, voters use them to reward or punish national incumbents (i.e. SOE) for the state of the economy (i.e. EV); a behaviour referred to here as ‘second-order economic voting’. The predominance of second-order EV is relevant for EU politics. If EP elections enhance national incumbents’ accountability while the European executive remains unacknowledged, this could be disturbing for European economic institutions.

Destruction Democracy Through Determinants of Vote Buying in General Elections in Indonesia

Vote buying is a corrupt practice that undermines the integrity of democratic elections. This involves the exchange of money, goods, or services for votes, which may result in the election of candidates who are unqualified or do not represent the interests of the people. In analyzing the destruction of democracy, political culture, morals and political ethics through the factors that determine the occurrence of vote buying and selling in elections in Indonesia, this article uses a literature study method with a qualitative descriptive research type. Through analysis, Rational Choice Theory will dissect and examine the destruction of democracy, political culture, morals and political ethics through the factors that determine the occurrence of vote buying and selling in elections in Indonesia. this research concludes (1) The practice of buying and selling votes in elections in Indonesia has become a serious problem in democratic development. This happens because of the desire to win the election by any means, including by giving money or goods to voters to vote for a particular candidate. (2) A political culture imbued with repeated acts of buying and selling votes makes these illegal interactions common. The main goal is to make a large number of voters understand the act of voting with certain benefits as an opportunity for charitable people. (3) On the one hand, it can increase political participation for incentive recipients. On the other hand, this can damage trust and reduce participation by parties who view it as a corrupt practice that undermines morals and political ethics.

A Cross-sectional Study on Women Empowerment among Residents of Different Slum Settlements in a Ward of Kolkata, West Bengal

Abstract Background: The Sustainable Development Goal 5 focuses to “Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.” Promoting women’s empowerment is essential for reducing violence against women, decision-making in health and well-being, and proper upbringing of children, thereby reducing maternal and child mortality. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the level of empowerment among married women residing in selected slum settlements of Kolkata, to estimate the proportion of employed women, to describe the pattern of decision-making among them, and to find the sociodemographic factors (if any) associated with the level of empowerment. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 350 married women using face-to-face interviews from October 2022 to September 2023. The study utilized a predesigned, pretested, and structured schedule consisting of questions adapted from the National Family Health Survey-5 women’s questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25.0. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with low and medium women empowerment. Results: Of the 334 participants surveyed, approximately half exhibited low levels of empowerment (49.7%). The majority of study participants reported that decisions pertaining to their own health care, significant household purchases, visits to family or relatives, and voting in elections were made jointly by both spouses. The age of the respondent between 19 and 28 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.54 [1.09–18.80]) and the age of husband between 35 and 48 years (AOR 4.48 [1.46–8.28]) had statistically significant higher AOR of low women empowerment. Conclusion: A substantial proportion of women in the study had low empowerment scores and less than one-fifth were employed. Increasing employment opportunities for women and promoting their social participation is recommended.

Causes And Solutions for Low Turnout Rates in Chinese Local Elections: From A Plebeian Perspective

There have been ample academic efforts discussing prospects of liberalizing the authoritarian regime in China, but most of them primarily addressed possible institutional reforms by the party and to some extent overlooked importance of the mass. Therefore, this article attempts to identify factors that dissuade or refrain Chinese citizens from voting in local elections and devise corresponding solutions, for their political enthusiasm to be improved independently of state sanctions, while the finding may provide a novel theory regarding weak correlation between the level of political freedom and turnout rate in liberal democracies. By considering subjects as economic agents in cost-benefit analysis, the combination of underestimated benefits and overestimated costs of voting is highlighted as one fundamental reason for non-voting, which comprises of antiquated cultural norms, aloof social relations and inappropriately handled class struggles. In response to phenomenon of apoliticism, political cynicism or political inactiveness, this paper suggests eligible voters to keenly defend their interests, for instance studying publicized government information, participating in trade unions and respecting their suffrage, as the prerequisite for becoming genuinely and consistently active in political affairs.