Voluntary Organizations Research Articles

Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan : KEREN Volume 11 di Desa Lambanan, Kecamatan Latimojong, Kabupaten Luwu

This article discusses a social education movement called Kemah Relawan Pendidikan (KEREN), which aims to improve education in remote and mountainous areas of Luwu Regency, particularly in the South Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi provinces. KEREN is carried out by a group of volunteers from several volunteer organizations in the region. The movement is implemented without a permanent leadership and guided by field coordinators in every activity. This article focuses on KEREN Volume 11, which took place on February 24th, 25th, and 26th, 2023, in Lambanan Village, Latimojong District, Luwu Regency, South sulawesi province. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method with field research and primary data obtained from interviews with KEREN volunteers and secondary data obtained from documentation. The article discusses the preparation and implementation of KEREN Volume 11 and the positive impact it has produced. KEREN is expected to help remote communities obtain equal and decent access to education and to promote education in Indonesia.

Time Passages.

In 1978, singer–songwriter Al Stewart produced the song Time Passages (Stewart, 1978). The single spent 10 weeks at number one on the U.S. Billboard Easy Listening chart, the longest song to hold the title for the entire decade (Stewart, 1978). The lyrics are about the power of memory. It allows the listener to identify with the concept of enjoying recollections of the past, while remaining excited about the present and future. As pleasant and comforting as memories may be, the promise of future-focused vision drives one forward. The Society of Trauma Nurses (STN) applied the Time Passages song meaning during the development of the 2022–2024 strategic plan, which was approved at TraumaCon in Denver, CO, during the annual membership meeting. STN finds comfort in recalling amazing memories and accomplishments that built the foundation for our success, and we are able, with excitement, to be future-focused and plan for goals to continue to advance our organization. I can apply the message of Time Passages to my tenure as STN's 26th President. This time was the most exciting time of my professional career. I have made eternal and heartfelt memories, and, yet, I am extremely enthusiastic about STN's future. As honored as I was to be the President, I am as thrilled by passing the role and responsibilities onto Linda Reinehart, STN's 27th President. The 2022 TraumaCon Presidential Address was titled “It's About Time.” In this message, I discussed the concepts of the past, the present, and the future. Referencing the song Seasons of Love from Jonathan Larson's musical Rent, I asked the audience “How do you measure a year in your life?” (Larson, 2008). The song repeats the lyrics of 525,600 min, alluding to the number of minutes in a year (Larson, 2008). It encourages the listener to make the most of the minutes we are given. I promised STN, as President, I would do my best to apply this principle and challenged the membership to do the same. As I am writing my last Journal of Trauma Nursing's Presidential Message, I wonder if I made the most of my minutes. There were many personal STN Presidential highlights, including attending TraumaCon22 and 23, Board Meetings, Committee Meetings, Special Interest Groups (SIGs), the Pan American Trauma Congress, the All Levels Trauma Conference, and collaborating with other professional organizations. Ironically, as important as these more formal events were, some of the other moments that stick out in my mind were sitting with a colleague, in sincere appreciation, as she shared her experience of providing nursing services in Ukraine, and another time when I communicated with an STN friend to let him know I was proud of the work he was doing. Things such as this, although on a much smaller stage, seem to weigh equally on my memory evaluation scale. When reviewing the accomplishments of STN's year, we can quickly determine that the members also made the most of their minutes. Highlights include the publication of the diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) statement, the first STN/EAST monthly literature review takeover, the evolution of the geriatric SIG to a full committee, the launching of the Pediatric Trauma Across the Care Continuum (PTACC) Course, the revision of the TOPIC and Rural TOPIC curriculums, the position statement on gun violence, and the past presidents' statement regarding the role and qualifications of a Trauma Program Manager, which represent just some of the amazing work. When I think about all of these accomplishments for a volunteer organization, I wonder how we ever found the time to get it all done, and, yet, knowing the dedication of the volunteers, it is comprehensible. The final lyric in the song Time Passages is “buy me a ticket on the last train home tonight” (Stewart, 1978). This translates into not only trying to prolong the act of leaving the warmth of fond memories but also finding comfort in knowing the destination is home. It is time for me to get my ticket home and end this Presidential term. I would like to take every moment of time to savor these past few minutes and then be on the last train home. I must thank the Pennsylvania Trauma Systems Foundation, my employer, for their amazing support this year, allowing me to be present in my STN minutes. Thank you to the STN Board, staff, Committee Chairs, SIG Chairs, and the entire membership for allowing me to grow with the organization and for the honor to represent our professional home, filled with dedicated people. Thank you all for rising to the challenge of making your minutes count. Thank you for reminiscing about the past, working hard in the present, and being future-focused. Here is to getting a ticket home and riding into the sunset of time passages. After all, it's about time.

A Study on Improving the Competency of Disaster Management in Nonprofit Sector

The purpose of this study is to suggest a direction for strengthening the competency of the non-profit sector, which plays an increasingly important role in the disaster management process. First of all, problems in the current public-private partnership were reviewed, and the direction of cooperative governance centered on the non-profit sector was presented. In addition, the study emphasized alternatives to strengthen the capabilities of volunteer organizations, which are representative non-profit organizations at disaster sites. Above all, disaster volunteer organizations need to secure a professional and differentiated status as a key decision-making stakeholder at disaster sites. As a result, the directions of change to strengthen the competency of the non-profit sector are organizational redesign through overall job analysis of the organization, securing expertise in disaster types occurring in the region, establishing one direction based on strategic planning. In addition, activation of communication to build trust with local residents and sophisticated decision-making and analysis skills will be required.

Original scientific article Administrative-legal Status of a Voluntary Squad During Martial Law

The subject of the research is social relations that arise in the course of the activities of voluntary squads during martial law, including the possibility of their involvement by law enforcement and other bodies in the performance of state tasks to ensure public order and national security. The purpose of the work is to determine the theoretical and applied problems of legal regulation of the administrativelegal status of a voluntary squad during the period of martial law. When writing the article, formal-legal, historical-and comparative-legal, logical methods were used. The relevance of the topic is associated with the lack of a clear and even mechanism for the creation and functioning of voluntary squads precisely during the period of martial law. At the legislative level, their competence (powers, forms and acts of responding to violations of laws by individuals and legal entities) in the process of ensuring public order in the controlled territory is not defined. The fact of the absence of a single terminological series in the formation of the legal basis for the activities of voluntary squads is stated. The main part of the article substantiates the conclusion that such voluntary public organizations, taking into account their basic characteristics, should be referred to in regulatory legal acts, regardless of the direction of their action, as a “voluntary people's squad”. A comparative analysis of the legal status of a voluntary squad and volunteer formations is presented. It is concluded that they do not correlate as general and private, voluntary formation, due to the specifics of the goals of education, functioning and financing, is not a kind of voluntary squads. The conclusion is substantiated that voluntary squads should be actively used by law enforcement agencies to ensure the strengthening of public order during martial law. The question is raised about the need to specify in the normative legal acts the administrative and legal status of voluntary squads precisely in the period of martial law. Proposals are made on the mechanism of legal regulation of the powers of voluntary teams and the social and legal protection of combatants when they perform state tasks under these conditions.

Women as a Growing Force in Critical Care Medicine-the Journal, Profession, and Society.

Women as a Growing Force in Critical Care Medicine-the Journal, Profession, and Society.

Ценностно-смысловые факторы участия в волонтерской деятельности студентов российских вузов

<p>The article provides an in-depth review of the scientific literature devoted to the analysis of the values of students of Russian universities engaged in volunteering. The conclusions of an experimental study that was conducted to solve the problem of determining the factors that contribute to the orientation of young people to volunteer activities are formulated (on the basis of the “Questionnaire of Terminal Values” by I.G. Senin). The evaluation of the results of the mathematical and statistical analysis of the questionnaires by 400 respondents (from 19 to 26 years of age, including 184 men and 216 women) confirms the theory that there are significant differences in the structures of personal values of youth engaged in volunteer activities and those who are not prone to it. In addition, the weak influence of the gender factor was revealed, as well as a slight relationship between the work experience of Russian university students in volunteer organizations and some values, whose position in the value hierarchy of newcomers and experienced volunteers does not coincide.</p>

Auditor choice in the voluntary sector: The case of smaller organizations

Smaller organizations are less likely than larger organizations to engage a high‐quality auditor to signal credibility to potential donors, but they may still have incentives to engage a high‐quality auditor (for instance, to protect themselves from a potential reputational loss). In this context, we find that fundraising voluntary organizations, which are particularly likely to be exposed to reputational concerns, because a poor reputation may have a direct negative impact on fundraising, are more likely to engage a high‐quality auditor than are other voluntary organizations. Additional analysis reveals that fundraisers are more likely to engage a Big 4 auditor than an industry specialist; this suggests that the motivation for engaging a high‐quality auditor may be to use the auditor as a scapegoat rather than to ensure superior knowledge and advice. We find that debt ratio, organizational complexity, size and financial health are also drivers of auditor choice in small, voluntary organizations.

EDUCATING SLUM CHILDREN: A COMMUNITY OUTREACH STUDY (CASE STUDY OF A VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATION)

Paper presents a case study of Jax Health Care Foundation (JHCF), a voluntary organization and its work activities. It has been working mainly in slum areas, in school, in hospital for the cancer awareness and other public health awareness programs. Besides other activities- environmental awareness programme, social forestry, etc. are the major work of foundation in the communities.

Mesothelioma patient and carer experience research: A research prioritisation exercise.

Incidence of mesothelioma worldwide is growing and the UK reports the highest global incidence. Mesothelioma is an incurable cancer with a high symptom burden. However, it is under researched when compared to other cancers. The aim of this exercise was to identify unanswered questions about the mesothelioma patient and carer experience in the UK and to prioritise research areas of most importance through consultation with patients, carers and professionals. A virtual Research Prioritisation Exercise was conducted. This involved a review of mesothelioma patient and carer experience literature to identify research gaps and a national online survey to identify and rank research gaps. Following this, a modified consensus method with mesothelioma experts (patients, carers and professionals from healthcare, legal, academic and volunteer organisations) was undertaken to reach a consensus regarding mesothelioma patient and carer experience research priorities. Survey responses were received from 150 patients, carers and professionals and 29 research priorities were identified. During consensus meetings, 16 experts refined these into a list of 11 key priorities. The five most urgent priorities were symptom management, receiving a mesothelioma diagnosis, palliative and end of life care, treatment experiences, barriers and facilitators to joined up service provision. This novel priority setting exercise will shape the national research agenda, contribute knowledge to inform nursing and wider clinical practice and ultimately improve the experiences of mesothelioma patients and carers.

Deseret Hospital, Women, and the Perils of Modernization

Deseret Hospital, Women, and the Perils of Modernization

Chronicles of Mechanical Engineering in the United States ed. by Thomas H. Fehring and Terry S. Reynolds

Reviewed by: Chronicles of Mechanical Engineering in the United States ed. by Thomas H. Fehring and Terry S. Reynolds Peter Liebhold (bio) Chronicles of Mechanical Engineering in the United States Edited by Thomas H. Fehring and Terry S. Reynolds. New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. Pp. xvi + 405. A fiftieth anniversary is a milestone of longevity that many organizations never achieve. It takes a lot to maintain leadership continuity, overcome economic challenges, and keep membership involved for half of a century. To mark the golden anniversary of the History and Heritage Committee of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), the society commissioned Chronicles of Mechanical Engineering in the United States. This book is a collection of over seventy vignettes, mostly biographical and thematic with a few landmark stories. In a surprising organizational decision, 90 percent of the entries—many written by Fritz Hirschfeld between 1976 and 1980—are reprints from the last fifty years of the ASME journal Mechanical Engineering. The book editors, Thomas Fehring and Terry Reynolds, contribute short chapter heads. Organized into eight topical chapters, Fehring and Reynolds do not argue a grand theory of engineering through their selection of articles. The simple goal of this book is to celebrate the achievements of engineers and the ASME. Other historians have followed a different approach: Bruce Sinclair's Centennial History of ASME explored the role of engineers and professional societies through the tensions of professionalizing the group. Eugene Ferguson's Engineering and the Mind's Eye railed against engineering's dependency on academic mathematical modeling and suggested the need for practical experience. Henry Petroski argued in Success through Failure that engineering success leads to overconfidence and catastrophe and that humility and insight stem from disaster. The intended audience for Chronicles of Mechanical Engineering is a bit mysterious. Fehring and Reynolds explain the articles lack academic rigor (footnotes, bibliography, etc.) and are not for historians. They suggest the collection of stories presents an important learning opportunity for the general public. But what if the sum is less than the parts? The real audience here is ASME members reifying the importance of their organization. Most historians agree that technology played a critical role (both positive and negative) in the development of the United States. As the nation matured and society transitioned from agrarian to industrial, engineers acted as innovators and agents for change. In this crucible of transformation, engineers were at the center, developing machines, engines, and the infrastructure of modern society. A book that broadly tells the history of engineering is a great opportunity for presenting epiphany moments, helping readers learn from the past and understand the complexity of life moving forward. [End Page 649] A challenge for the book is whether old versions of history are still useful. Some of the entries may be old but are interesting and resonate today. Frank Wicks's "First Flights" uses the birth of powered flight to provide insight into the failure of a government-supported academic engineer (Samuel Langley) and the success of untrained independent tinkerers (Frank and Wilbur Wright). Charles Beardsley's retrospective on the Hydrolevel case is one of the few essays that are not celebratory. Instead, he details how the ASME, a voluntary standards-setting organization, got into serious antitrust troubles through conflicts of interest. Reprinting classics can be challenging, and not all the entries weather well. Written for audiences of the day, most do not address questions of race, class, or gender. In fact, one of the most surprising problems in this book is diversity. ASME should be painfully aware of STEM stereotypes and the need to bring women and people of color into their organization. This book could have reinvented the ASME through a revisionist history that highlights both old heroes and the contributions of people overlooked in the past. Today, ASME membership is 53 percent white, 16 percent Latino, 14 percent Asian, and about 82 percent male. But the book is mostly a "great man" history highlighting only two women (Lilian Gilbreth and Emily Roebling) and no people of color. The editors acknowledge that "the articles are generally not critical and that they focus primarily on engineering success rather than failure." The concept...

Suffer the Little Children: Child Migration and the Geopolitics of Compassion in the United States

In Suffer the Little Children, Anita Casavantes Bradford, Associate Professor of Chicano/Latino Studies and History at the University of California, Irvine, examines the United States’ unaccompanied child migration policy from 1930 to 2020. Through a transnational, comparative, and relational approach, Casavantes Bradford addresses how governmental and non-governmental actors operating in different domestic and international contexts developed responses to a range of child migrants, including European Jewish and Protestant children; Hungarian youth; Cuban evacuees; Southeast Asian unaccompanied minors; former child soldiers; and Haitian, Mexican, and Central American children. Across seven chapters (and an epilogue) Casavantes Bradford articulates how “the United States’ response to unaccompanied child migrants has been consistently driven by a ‘geopolitics of compassion’ that selectively highlights U.S. benevolence toward suffering people outside the nation's borders while simultaneously prioritizing foreign policy and domestic political objectives over asylum seekers’ best interests” (p. 3). While acknowledging that Gil Loescher and John Scanlan as well as Carl Bon Tempo have previously noted this connection, Casavantes Bradford convincingly establishes the need to understand child migrants’ distinct treatment and experiences (pp. 3–4).Using clear and engaging prose, Casavantes Bradford's work is grounded in an extensive amount of research in federal archives, international and voluntary organization papers, university collections, and periodicals and government publications. The text also evinces the range of personnel involved in unaccompanied child migrant policy. Of note is an emphasis on adult, state perspectives, rather than those of children, which Casavantes Bradford deems necessary to underscore “the predominant role of the state in shaping the experiences of forced migrants of all ages” but particularly of children (p. 11). However, she is also careful to detail voluntary agencies’ contributions and the entrenchment of a “‘public-private’ bureaucratic infrastructure”—as well as child migrants’ role in this development (p. 7).One of Casavantes Bradford's strongest interventions is her discussion of unaccompanied child migrants as “individual rights-bearing subjects” who need specific protections (p. 9). This focus further distinguishes her argument from previous work on refugee policy and relates to her exploration of the concepts of “refugee” and “child” (contributions which will surely also be helpful for scholars of childhood). Adding yet more rigor to her analysis, Casavantes Bradford interrogates: “how did changing notions of refugees and children's rights interact with Americans’ shifting understandings of race, ethnicity, religion, national origin, class, gender, and age over time?” (p. 9). She ultimately concludes that the failure to acknowledge children in this way “played a powerful and persistent role in shaping” the United States’ “treatment of unaccompanied minors” (p. 10).Especially important to this analysis is Chapter 6, “The Most Difficult Type of Refugee: Southeast Asian Unaccompanied Minors and the Reinvention of U.S. Refugee Policy, 1975–1989,” which addresses, in part, how this status came to be imperfectly recognized under law and in practice. Casavantes Bradford focuses here on unaccompanied Southeast Asian minors, including Vietnamese and Cambodian children who fled to countries of first asylum in the late 1970s. Connected to her discussion of these populations is the passage of the 1980 Refugee Act. Specifically, the Act provided for the formation of an unaccompanied refugee minor program under the purview of the Office of Refugee Resettlement (located within the Department of Health and Human Services), which “reflected and reinforced the belief that unaccompanied refugee minors were entitled to priority admissions as well as specific forms of care and protection” (pp. 185–86). However, the Act was flawed in guaranteeing this protection: it did not create child-specific standards “for determining whether children qualified for refugee status”; defined “‘unaccompanied’ . . . narrowly”; and did not “establish procedures for dealing with unaccompanied minors who arrived as part of a major refugee influx entering the country without pre-authorization” (p. 186). In practice, these factors, as well as the racist categorization of unaccompanied minors as “anchors” who enabled family migration, limited resettlement (pp. 188–89). In the epilogue, Casavantes Bradford contends that the United States must act further to reassess its treatment of asylum seekers and “codify the internationally accepted principle of children's best interests in . . . immigration law” (p. 225).Suffer the Little Children is a rich contribution to the literature on unaccompanied child migration and complements scholarship by Laura Briggs, Arissa Oh, and Allison Varzally. This text will certainly “serve as a catalyst and foundation for further studies” on child migrants, especially those centering child voices (p. 11). Future research could engage with the “politics of childhood” and unaccompanied minors’ politicization and political capacity—a concept Casavantes Bradford developed in her first monograph The Revolution Is for the Children: The Politics of Childhood in Havana and Miami, 1959–1962 (2014). Suffer the Little Children will certainly appeal to scholars of immigration, political, and foreign relations history, childhood studies, critical refugee studies, and critical migration studies, as well as individuals wanting an explanation of the United States’ unaccompanied child migration policy.

The reasons of inactive youth engagement in the community: a case study in Barangay District III, Babatngon, Leyte

Youth engagement is essential for the development of a resilient community. However, on the basis of their level of engagement, young people can be categorized from the most to the least involved. In Barangay District III of Babatngon, Leyte, there are 548 youths residing. Despite this, the majority of youth-focused volunteer organizations have fewer than 30 members, while others are inactive throughout the year. With this, the researcher seeks to identify the reasons of youth disengagement in the aforementioned barangay. Five individuals who had never taken part in youth-related activities were chosen through purposive sampling. Furthermore, the qualitative investigation employed an explanatory case study methodology, employed semi-structured interview. Data were analysed thematically. The findings revealed that the reasons of inactive youth engagement are lack of interest, no invitation, lack of self-confidence, lack of time and financial constraint. Thus, the researcher recommended the youth to join youth organizations and getting involved with community activities. Youth groups should motivate other youth individuals to join them in participating in the community. Parents should encourage their children to participate and the local government unit of should devise projects that support both various youth activities in order to motivate youth members to have community involvement.

Application of Isak 35 in the Preparation of Financial Statements at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mambaul Ulum Karangduren Malang Regency

A non-profit organization is an organization whose main objective is to support non-commercial public interests. Non-profit organizations include religious organizations,
 schools, hospitals and public clinics, community organizations, volunteer organizations,labor unions. The financial statements of non-profit organizations are different from othercommercial organizations, one of the main differences that arise is in the format of thefinancial statements. The research method is a qualitative research method approach toanswer the first problem formulation, while a quantitative descriptive research method isto answer the second problem. The research location determined by the researcher is atthe Mambaul Ulum Elementary School which is located at JL. Raya golek no. 37Karangduren Pakisaji Malang, Karangduren, Kec. Pakisaj, Kab. Malang, East Java. Basedon the results of temporary interviews conducted by the author, it was found that thepresentation of financial reports at the Mambaul Ulum Islamic Elementary School wasstill simple, namely in the form of financial reports in the form of cash receipts anddisbursements. Madrasa Ibtidaiyah Mambaul Ulum has not presented financial reportsaccording to accounting standards, namely adopting ISAK 35. The financial statementsmade by the treasurer of MI Sunan Ampel are not in accordance with ISAK 35 becausethey are very simple, namely recording income and expenses in the general cash book.For now MI Sunan Ampel's readiness to apply ISAK 35 if it is percentaged, namely 30%,is still far from ready.

Measures of national and patriotic promotion in the training of future specialists in physical culture and sports

The goal of the work. Implementation of the principles of national-patriotic education through the use of measures for the preparation of future specialists in the field of physical culture and sports through the implementation of the ideas of national-patriotic education, the involvement of student youth in participation in socially significant projects of a patriotic direction, active study by future teachers of the national-cultural heritage of the Ukrainian people. Methodology. Conducting events of a national and patriotic direction is currently relevant in the system of training future specialists and is determined by a number of circumstances – the social situation that has developed in our country, transformations in social, political, economic life, reassessment of values in the minds of people. The development of patriotism among the population is aimed at ensuring the integrity and unity of Ukraine, which is the core of the Ukrainian national idea.
 The task of the study is to form the readiness of future specialists in the field of physical culture and sports to protect Ukraine, the desire to serve in the Armed Forces of Ukraine as a special type of public service through national and patriotic events. Measures for national and military-patriotic education should be carried out comprehensively, with the joint efforts of state authorities and local governments, as well as educational institutions, families, public associations, volunteer and charity organizations, the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and other power structures. The principles of the research are the formation of future physical culture and sports specialists through the principles of national orientation, self-activity and self-regulation, historical and social memory, intergenerational continuity, etc.
 The object of the study is the formation of future specialists in physical culture and sports before the implementation of the concept of national-patriotic education through the implementation of appropriate events. The subject of the study is the creation of pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of future specialists in physical culture and sports in the process of national-patriotic and military-sports events. Scientific novelty. The essence of measures of national-patriotic orientation as a systematic and purposeful activity, which involves the formation of future physical culture and sports specialists in patriotic consciousness, love for the Motherland, readiness to protect it thanks to the introduction of effective forms and methods into the educational practice of institutions of general secondary and higher education, which are used in national-patriotic and military-sports events.
 The main institutions and institutions of various forms of ownership are singled out and the main measures implemented by them in national-patriotic directions are singled out. The educational possibilities of measures of a national and patriotic direction are substantiated with the aim of their implementation in the educational process of general secondary education institutions and institutions of higher education. Conclusions. It was determined that patriotic education in the preparation of future specialists in physical culture and sports in the process of measures of national and patriotic orientation is a systematic and purposeful activity of state authorities, public organizations, family, school, and other social institutions regarding the formation of a high patriotic consciousness in the young generation, a sense of loyalty, love for the Motherland, concern for the well-being of one's people, readiness to fulfill the civic and constitutional duty to protect the national interests, integrity, and independence of Ukraine, and to promote its establishment as a legal, democratic, and social state.

Conceptualizing State Voluntary Aid Organizations in Disaster (SVOAD) effectiveness

AbstractVoluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (VOADs) exist at the national, state, regional, and local levels as a platform for sharing information and supporting coordination among nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) that support disaster response and recovery efforts in the United States. These entities are described as important in disaster response and recovery policy and plans and in disaster scholarship. Yet, virtually no research has explicitly examined these entities at any level. This research began to address this gap in the literature by exploring what State VOAD (SVOAD) effectiveness meant to current and past SVOAD chairs through semi‐structured interviews. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze data gathered. The result of this analysis is a grounded definition of SVOAD effectiveness and identification of its dimensions. This manuscript presents the definition and the evidence that supports it and discusses how this information may be applied to support practice and future research.

УПРАВЛІННЯ ФІНАНСОВИМИ РЕСУРСАМИ ОБ’ЄДНАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД В УМОВАХ АДАПТИВНИХ ЗМІН ЗАКОНОДАВСТВА ПІД ЧАС ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

Реформа децентралізації створила передумови для підвищення рівня забезпечення потреб та інтересів громадян. У довоєнний період процес децентралізації завершився чітким розподілом функціональних повноважень між державним і місцевими бюджетами. Середньострокове бюджетне планування є визначальним для забезпечення програмно-цільового методу управління фінансовими ресурсами. Удосконалення бюджетного планування, виконання і звітування забезпечив процес автоматизації, зокрема, використання об’єднаними територіальними громадами інформаційно-програмного комплексу «Місцевий бюджет». Однак війна зумовила виникнення фінансових ризиків для ОТГ. Після початку повномасштабного вторгнення країни-агресорки більшість території України потребувало перерозподілу запланованих обсягів фінансових ресурсів, тому у 2022 р. відбулось удосконалення нормативно-правової бази для можливості забезпечення фінансових потреб громад у воєнний період. Розглянуто роль громадських і волонтерських організацій, благодійних фондів у вирішенні нагальних проблем громад. Насамперед, проаналізовано створені умови для участі інститутів громадянського суспільства в конкурсних пропозиціях і грантових програмах для залучення додаткових фінансових ресурсів. Вивчено правила розрахунку доходів місцевих бюджетів від акцизного податку. Проаналізовано механізм урахування необхідної суми коштів для безперебійного надання соціальних гарантій, які допомагають особам, що потребують сторонньої допомоги. Досліджено джерела фінансового забезпечення безперебійного і повноцінного функціонування пунктів незламності, можливості надання державної фінансової допомоги комунальним підприємствам, які забезпечують розміщення тимчасово переміщених осіб. Велику увагу приділено освітній субвенції. Розглянуто основні напрями і правила використання залишку освітньої субвенції для фінансування додаткового захисту членів ОТГ відповідно до нормативно-правових документів Міністерства освіти і науки України. Таким чином, швидкі зміни нормативно-правових документів, які впливають на процес управління фінансовими ресурсами ОТГ, дозволили створити умови для забезпечення потреб та інтересів громад під час дії воєнного стану.

Legal principles of participation of public associations in the search for missing person under special circumstances

The relevance of the article lies in the fact that in the present conditions problematic issues of tracing missing persons are in the plane of solving the totality of legal sciences, such as administrative law, criminal law, forensics, criminology, operational-search activity.
 The article states that certain aspects of search activity regarding missing persons were and still remain the subject of many studies. The author determined the state of scientific development of the subject of research, at the same time outlined the directions that require in-depth study due to the current state of the regulatory framework - the participation of public associations and volunteer organizations in the search for persons missing under special circumstances.
 It was found that the search for persons missing under special circumstances requires updating the legal regulation due to the presence of separate legal gaps. In particular, the term "volunteer organization" and "volunteer movement" remains undefined, which are used by some public organizations to refer to their activities.
 The attention is focused on the need to legislate the term "volunteer organization" ("volunteer movement"), by which it is proposed to understand a public association that carries out charitable activities in favor of persons affected by special circumstances, and does not intend to make a profit.
 Legal support for the functioning of public associations, whose areas of activity are providing assistance in the search for missing persons - adults, children and a separate category of persons - military personnel and prisoners of war.
 It is established that the legislation of Ukraine contains a list of state authorities that are empowered to carry out search actions against persons missing under special circumstances. Nevertheless, there is no proper organization for the publication of the functioning of public associations in the field of search for missing persons.

Exploring how institutional trajectories and political controversies influence policymaking for SE: the case of Norway

PurposeThis study aims to analyse how top-level policymakers across the political left-right spectrum in a social-democratic welfare state understand social enterprise (SE), its relation to existing welfare institutions and their intentions of policymaking towards SE.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted in-depth interviews explicitly focused on SE with policymakers at the national level in Norway. The informants collectively represented most political parties in Norway’s Parliament in 2017–2021. Data were analysed using a historical institutional perspective.FindingsCentre-right wing policymakers predominantly consider SE as commercial enterprises not requiring specific policies. Left wing policymakers prefer that SEs operate like voluntary organizations and advocate policies preventing extraction of profit and competition with public service providers. Hence, policymakers positioned SE within an overarching political debate on the privatization of welfare services. They expressed little interest in developing policies aimed at strengthening SE opportunity structures.Research limitations/implicationsPolicy inaction impedes recognition of SEs as different from commercial and voluntary organizations, as well as their ability to compete for tenders. Thus, SE will likely remain a rather marginal phenomenon in Norway. Further research is needed to establish whether and how Norway’s universal welfare state inhibits social entrepreneurship on the society-wide level.Originality/valueThis article details how SE is understood within a social democratic welfare regime and the likely consequences thereof for SEs. It contributes with new knowledge of why policymakers may be reluctant to develop policy dedicated to further SE, across different political party affiliations. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in Norway to analyse how existing institutions and political controversies influence how policymakers at the national level approach SE.

Understanding school food systems to support the development and implementation of food based policies and interventions

BackgroundSchools provide opportunities to improve the quality of children's diet, whilst reducing inequalities in childhood diet and health. Evidence supports whole school approaches, including consistency in food quality, eating culture and food education. However, such approaches are often poorly implemented due to the highly complex environments in which schools operate. We aimed to develop a school food systems map using a systems thinking approach to help identify the key factors influencing primary school children’s dietary choice.MethodsEight workshops were conducted with 80 children (from schools from varying locations (region of England/UK; urban/rural), deprivation levels and prioritisation of school food policies)) and 11 workshops were held with 82 adult stakeholders across the UK (principals, teachers, caterers, school governors, parents, and local and voluntary sector organisations) to identify factors that influence food choice in children across a school day and their inter-relationships. Initial exploratory workshops started with a ‘blank canvas’ using a group model building approach. Later workshops consolidated findings and supported a wider discussion of factors, relationships and influences within the systems map. Strengths of the relationship between factors/nodes were agreed by stakeholders and individually depicted on the map. We facilitated an additional eight interactive, in-person workshops with children to map their activities across a whole school day to enable the production of a journey map which was shared with stakeholders in workshops to facilitate discussion.ResultsThe final ‘CONNECTS-Food’ systems map included 202 factors that were grouped into 27 nodes. Thematic analysis identified four key themes: leadership and curriculum; child food preference; home environment; and school food environment. Network analysis highlighted key factors that influence child diet across a school day, which were largely in keeping with the thematic analysis; including: 'available funds/resources', 'awareness of initiatives and resources', 'child food preference and intake', 'eligibility of free school meals', 'family circumstances and eating behaviours', 'peer/social norms', 'priorities of head teachers and senior leaders'.ConclusionsOur systems map demonstrates the need to consider factors external to schools and their food environments. The map supports the identification of potential actions, interventions and policies to facilitate a systems-wide positive impact on children’s diets.