Volumetric Studies Research Articles

Volumetric, viscometric and spectroscopic studies of molecular interactions of glutamic acid with potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate in aqueous medium at T = 293.15–313.15 K

The empirically procured data of physical properties like density and viscosity for the solutions of glutamic acid (Glu) with various concentrations in H2O and H2O + (1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mol.kg-1) potassium sorbate (PS)/sodium benzoate (SB) at five different temperature (T = 293.15–313.15 K) and atmospheric pressure (101.1 kPa) has been used in order to calculate volumetric and viscometric parameters such as apparent molar volume (Vϕ), partial apparent molar volume (V∅0), limiting apparent molar expansibility (E∅0), viscosity B-coefficients (BJ), pair and triplet interaction co-efficients etc. Structure making properties of glu being present with PS/SB in the solutions are explained by the positive Hepler’s constant (∂2V∅0/∂T2)P values. This structure building tendency of Glu is further supported by the positive (BJ) and negative (∂BJ/∂T) values. For both solute and solvent Gibbs free energy of activation (Δμ10,#andΔμ20,# respectively) has been evaluated and including these parameters the thermodynamic parameters like ΔS0,#andΔH0,# profound the stability of the transition state. For a refined understanding of distinct intermolecular interactions prevailing in the designed systems the co-sphere overlap model has been employed. The procured results acknowledge that solute-solvent interactions reduce with a rise in temperature. Additionally, FTIR spectral analysis was carried out on the studied systems and relying on the shifting oh O-H stretching band the presence of hydrogen bond as well as different kinds of interactions are confirmed for the investigated system.

Molecular interactions of glycine and L-alanine + citrate buffer solutions at different temperatures: Volumetric, viscometric, and FTIR approach

Densities,, and viscosities,of glycine/L-alanine in water and in (0.10, 0.50, 1.00) aqueous trisodium citrate buffer (Na 3 CB) solutions of pH 7.40 at T = (298.15 to 318.15) K have been measured by using vibrating tube digital density meter and suspended level Ubbelohde capillary viscometer, respectively, at atmospheric pressure i.e. 101.3 kPa. Thermodynamic parameters, i.e. , , , viscosity B-coefficients, and obtained from density and viscosity measurements have been used to unravel predominant forces among glycine/L-alanine and aqueous Na 3 CB solutions. Activation free energies, for the viscous flow of solutions, have been obtained by applying transition state theory to the viscosity B-coefficients values. The results are further supported by FTIR studies for glycine/L-alanine in water and aqueous Na 3 CB solutions of pH 7.40, revealing the intermolecular hydrogen bonding in these systems. Moreover, the results obtained from volumetric, viscometric, and spectroscopic studies provide valuable information on intermolecular interactions, influencing their efficacy in biological applications.

Cognitive impairment in paediatric onset multiple sclerosis and its relation to thalamic volume and cortical thickness of temporal lobe by magnetic resonance imaging

BackgroundPediatric onset multiple sclerosis (POMS), defined as an age at onset younger than 18 years, which occurs in 5% of patients with MS. cognitive dysfunction is one of the prominent disabling sequelae of Multiple sclerosis. Brain volumetric studies by magnetic resonance images revealed the decline of whole and regional brain volumes along the disease course. This work aimed to investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment in pediatric MS patients with thalamic atrophy and cortical thickness of temporal lobe. This study included 50 patients who were diagnosed as POMS and 50 healthy control participants matched for age and sex. Both groups were compared for volumetric measurements of thalamic volumes and temporal lobes cortical thickness using a computerized program called FreeSurfer.MS group was evaluated for cognitive dysfunction using Arabic version of fifth edition of Standford–Benit test. A correlation between volumetric results and neuropsychological evaluation of MS group was done.ResultsOur study showed that the MS group has the lowest value regarding their thalamic volumes and their cortical thickness of temporal lobes in relation to the healthy control group, while there was a significant relation between cognitive impairment and decrease in thalamic volume and specific areas in cortical thickness, such as superior temporal thickness, middle temporal thickness, inferior temporal thickness, fusiform thickness and para hippocampal thickness of temporal lobe in pediatric onset MS patients.ConclusionsPOMS affects specific brain areas such as thalamus and cortical thickness of temporal lobes regarding their volume and thickness which influence the neuropsychological evaluation detected by Standford–Benit test.

Oxygen Binding by Co(II) Complexes with Oxime-Containing Schiff Bases in Solution

The present work describes the complexation properties of two oxime-containing Schiff bases (used as ligands), viz. 2-hydroxyimino-N′-[1-(2-pyridyl)ethylidene]propanohydrazone (Hpop) and 2-hydroxyimino-N′-[(pyridine-2-yl)methylidene]propanohydrazone (Hpoa), with Co(II) ions in DMSO/water solution. Volumetric (oxygenation) studies were carried out to determine the uptake of molecular oxygen O2 in the formation of the complexes Co(II)-Hpop and Co(II)-Hpoa. The acquired data can be useful in the development of oxygen bioinorganic complexes of metal ions with Schiff base ligands in solution. Their properties allow them to be used as synthetic oxygen transporters. Moreover, the binding of dioxygen could play an important role in the research of catalytic activity by such systems.

Volumetric and acoustic studies of L-Citrulline in aqueous Urea and Dextrose solutions at different temperatures

Density (ρ) and speed of sound (u) values of L-Citrulline in aqueous solution, 0.06 mol·kg−1 aqueous Urea and aqueous 0.06 mol·kg−1 Dextrose solutions have been measured at T = (288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15) K within the concentration range of (0.02 to 0.2) mol·kg−1.These measurements have been performed to evaluate some important parameters, viz, apparent molar volume of solute (Vϕ), limiting apparent molar volume of solute (Vϕ0), limiting apparent molar volume of transfer (ΔtrVϕ0), limiting apparent molar expansivity(Eϕ0), thermal expansion coefficient (α*), Hepler's constant (∂2Vϕ0∂T2), isentropic compressibility (κs), apparent molar compressibility (Ks,ϕ), limiting apparent molar compressibility (Ks,ϕ0), limiting apparent molar isentropic compressibility of transfer (ΔtrKs,ϕ0)and hydration number(ηH) . The results have been interpreted in terms of different interactions taking place in aqueous solutions.

From Iron to Copper: The Effect of Transition Metal Catalysts on the Hydrogen Storage Properties of Nanoconfined LiBH4 in a Graphene-Rich N-Doped Matrix

Incipient wetness impregnation was employed to decorate two N-doped graphene-rich matrixes with iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper nanoparticles. The N-doped matrix was wetted with methanol solutions of the corresponding nitrates. After agitation and solvent evaporation, reduction at 800 °C over the carbon matrix promoted the formation of nanoparticles. The mass of the metal fraction was limited to 5 wt. % to determine if limited quantities of metallic nanoparticles catalyze the hydrogen capture/release of nanoconfined LiBH4. Isotherms of nitrogen adsorption afforded the textural characterization of the matrixes. Electronic microscopy displayed particles of definite size, evenly distributed on the matrixes, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The same techniques assessed the impact of LiBH4 50 vol. % impregnation on nanoparticle distribution and size. The hydrogen storage properties of these materials were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and two cycles of volumetric studies. X-ray diffraction allowed us to follow the evolution of the material after two cycles of hydrogen capture-release. We discuss if limited quantities of coordination metals can improve the hydrogen storage properties of nanoconfined LiBH4, and which critical parameters might restrain the synergies between nanoconfinement and the presence of metal catalysts.

Brain ventricles, CSF and cognition: a narrative review.

The brain ventricles are structures that have been related to cognition since antiquity. They are essential components in the development and maintenance of brain functions. The aging process runs with the enlargement of ventricles and is related to a less selective blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and then a more toxic cerebrospinal fluid environment. The study of brain ventricles as a biological marker of aging is promissing because they are structures easily identified in neuroimaging studies, present good inter-rater reliability, and measures of them can identify brain atrophy earlier than cortical structures. The ventricular system also plays roles in the development of dementia, since dysfunction in the clearance of beta-amyloid protein is a key mechanism in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. The morphometric and volumetric studies of the brain ventricles can help to distinguish between healthy elderly and persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Brain ventricle data may contribute to the appropriate allocation of individuals in groups at higher risk for MCI-dementia progression in clinical trials and to measuring therapeutic responses in these studies, as well as providing differential diagnosis, such as normal pressure hydrocephalus. Here, we reviewed the pathophysiology of healthy aging and cognitive decline, focusing on the role of the choroid plexus and brain ventricles in this process.

P658. Longitudinal Evaluation of Hippocampal Volume in Recent Trauma Survivors

Reduced volume of the hippocampus (HC) has been repeatedly documented in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) patients, in whom it can represent either pre-traumatic vulnerability trait or post-exposure decay. Longitudinal brain volumetric studies of long-enough duration, proper timing, and reasonable attrition can inform that question. Here, we aimed to examine whether HC volume early after trauma is associated with the development of chronic PTSD, and whether there are time-dependent changes in HC volume during the first 14-months post-trauma.

Volumetric, Viscometric, and Refractive Index Studies of Drug Nicotinic Acid in Aqueous d-Xylose/l-Arabinose Solutions from 293.15 to 313.15 K: Insights into Solute–Solute and Solute–Solvent Interactions

Volumetric, Viscometric, and Refractive Index Studies of Drug Nicotinic Acid in Aqueous <scp>d</scp>-Xylose/<scp>l</scp>-Arabinose Solutions from 293.15 to 313.15 K: Insights into Solute–Solute and Solute–Solvent Interactions

Volumetric and Acoustic Studies of Interactions between L-Phenylalanine and 1-Hexyl-3-Methylimidazolium Bromide in Aqueous Solution

Experimental density (ρ) and ultrasonic velocity (c) for phenylglycine in ( 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.05) mol.kg−1 aqueous solutions of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide at T = (313.15 and 318.15) K. Collected values for density and ultrasonic velocity were used to compute the apparent molar volumes (V f ), the apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution (), partial molar isentropic compression (K f ,s ) and partial molar isentropic compression at infinite dilution (). Also recorded data of these mixtures were utilized to calculate pair and triplet interaction coefficients. Such thermodynamic characteristics can be used to investigate the solvation behaviour, structure formation, and many sorts of interactions in (phenylglycine + water + 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide) ternary solutions.

Pituitary Volume in Individuals with Social Anxiety Disorder.

There are no volumetric magnetic resonance imaging studies on the pituitary gland in individuals with social anxiety disorder. The present study aimed to investigate pituitary volume in individuals with social anxiety disorder compared to healthy controls due to the correlation between pituitary gland volume and stress response and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and hypothesized that pituitary gland volume would be different in these individuals. In this study, 21 individuals with social anxiety disorder based on fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) and 20 healthy controls were included. Both patient and control groups were scanned with a 1.5-Tesla General Electric (GE) Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanner. Pituitary volume was measured with the manual tracing method. The statistical analysis revealed that the mean pituitary gland volume of the individuals with social anxiety disorder was significantly smaller when compared to that of healthy controls, statistically, as presented inTable 1 [594.10±104.56 mm3 for individuals with social anxiety disorder and 818.01±215.25 mm3 for healthy controls] when it was done by using the analysis of covariance controlled for age (F = 12.979, df = 1, P < .001), sex (F = 11.448, df = 1, P < .001), and total brain volume (F = 10.772, df = 1, P < .001), demonstrating that smaller pituitary volume in social anxiety disorder, when compared to healthy subjects, was an important finding independent of age, sex, or total brain volume. We suggest that social anxiety disorder may be associated with smaller pituitary volume, supporting the notion that anxiety itself could reduce the pituitary volume.

Silica Bonded Bis(Hydrogensulphato)Benzene as a New, Sustainable Catalytic Material for an Efficient and Aqueous Based Synthesis of 5-Oxo-4H-Pyrano[3,2-c]Quinolone Scaffolds

Catalytic use of benzene-1,3-disulfonic acid at an ordinary condition gets restricted due to its high hygroscopic and moisture sensitive nature. In the present study, a new catalytic material silica bonded bis(hydrogensulphato)benzene (SiO2-BHSB) was synthesized through a sequence of reactions, where the active catalytic part benzene-1,3-disulfonic acid was grafted on the surface of micro-sized silica by the chemical bonding. Structural features, purity, thermal stability, and acid strength of the synthesized SiO2-BHSB material were confirmed by the adequate analytical techniques such as FT-IR, solid-state CP-MAS 13C-NMR, CP-MAS 29Si-NMR, EDX, DTG, TGA, and volumetric studies. The synthesized material SiO2-BHSB was observed as an efficient and sustainable reaction promoter for a tandem reaction between 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone, malononitrile, and structurally diverse aldehydes to offer pyrano[3,2-c]quinolone scaffolds. An environmentally benign catalytic protocol in aqueous based solvent and at ordinary energy conditions was developed, wherein a tiny amount (3 mol%) of SiO2-BHSB was observed sufficient to catalyze the synthesis pyrano[3,2-c]quinolone scaffolds. Structures of the synthesized pyrano[3,2-c]quinolone derivatives were established from their physical and spectrometric data. Catalyst recovery and reuse study revealed that SiO2-BHSB sustains its catalytic activity even after five runs of its reuse. Use of aqueous-based solvent, environmentally compatible reaction conditions, ease of catalyst recovery and reuse are the additional salient features of the present protocol.

Volumetric, acoustic and viscometric studies of trilithium and triammonium citrate in aqueous solutions of [Emim][HSO4] at different temperatures

In the present work the density, speed of sound and viscosity (ƞ) data for trilithium citrate and triammonium citrate in aqueous [Emim][HSO4] are determined experimentally over a range of concentration (0.0369–0.0514) mol kg−1 and temperature between 293.15 and 313.15 K. Using the density and speed of sound data the volumetric and compressibility parameters are evaluated. By graphical fitting of the evaluated parameters in some standard relations the partial molar parameters i.e. standard molar volumes (Voϕ) and standard molar compressibilities (K°ϕ,s) are calculated. The transfer parameters of volume (ΔtrV°ϕ) and compressibility (ΔtrK°ϕ,S) studies evaluated using the partial molar parameters are used to deduct the solute-solvent interactions by means of the cosphere overlap model which shows that the hydrophilic-hydrophilic and ion-hydrophilic interactions are less dominant in the solution over the hydrophobic-hydrophobic and ion-hydrophobic interactions. The viscosity data is utilized to calculate the relative viscosity (ηr) and viscosity B-coefficient. The Hepler’s constant and first temperature derivative of B-coefficients (dB/dT) has been used to analyze whether solute acts as structure maker or structure breaker in the solution.

Investigation of solute-solvent interactions between 2-butoxyethanol and substituted ketones by volumetric, acoustic and FTIR studies at T=(303.15–318.15) K

The densities (ρ) and speeds of sound (u) were measured for the binary mixtures of 2-butoxyethanol (BE) with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl propyl ketone (MPK), di-ethyl ketone (DEK) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) mixtures at temperatures (303.15–318.15) K and pressure (P = 0.1 MPa) over the entire composition range. The experimental data were used to derive the excess molar volume (VmE), excess isentropic compressibility (κSE) and excess speed of sound (uE). The calculated excess parameters have been correlated by Redlich-Kister equation. These results have been analysed by different theoretical models such as PFP, CFT and FLT. The effect of alkyl chain length of ketones on the excess properties has been discussed in terms of disruption of H-bonding and dipole–dipole interaction between the components of the mixtures. The thermodynamic results of the present investigation have been correlated with FTIR spectral studies and obtained a good agreement.

Large-scale volumetric flow studies on transport of aerosol particles using a breathing human model with and without face protections

Exhalation of small aerosol particle droplets and their airborne transport, dispersion, and (local) accumulation in closed rooms have been identified as the main pathways for direct and indirect respiratory virus transmission from person to person, for example, for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 or measles. Therefore, understanding airborne transport mechanisms of aerosol particles inside closed populated rooms is an important key factor for assessing and optimizing various mitigation strategies. Unsteady flow features, which are typically evolving in such mixed convection flow scenarios, govern the respective particle transport properties. Experimental and numerical methods that enable capturing the related broad range of scales in such internal flows over many cubic meters in order to provide reliable data for the adaptation of proper mitigation measures (distances, masks, shields, air purifiers, ventilation systems, etc.) are required. In the present work, we show results of a large-scale, three-dimensional Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT) experiment, which has been performed in a 12-m3 generic test room capturing up to 3 × 106 long-lived and nearly neutrally buoyant helium-filled soap bubbles (HFSBs) with a mean diameter of dHFSB ∼370 μm as (almost) passive tracers. HFSBs are used as fluid mechanical replacements for small aerosol particles dP &amp;lt; 5 μm, which allow to resolve the Lagrangian transport properties and related unsteady flow field inside the whole room around a cyclically breathing thermal manikin with and without mouth-nose-masks and shields applied. Six high-resolution complementary metal-oxide semiconductor streaming cameras, a large array of powerful pulsed light emitting diodes, and the variable-time step Shake-The-Box LPT algorithm have been applied in this experimental study of internal flows in order to gain insight into the complex transient and turbulent aerosol particle transport and dispersion processes around a seated and breathing human model.

Volumetric, acoustic and viscometric studies of solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions of glycine and its peptides in aqueous solutions of an antidepressant drug at different temperatures

From the density (ρ), speed of sound (u) and viscosity (η) measurements, the interactions of glycine, glycylglycine and glycylglycylglycine with antidepressant drug, nortriptyline hydrochloride have been investigated in aqueous medium at temperatures, T = (293.15–313.15) K and experimental pressure p = 0.1 MPa. From the experimental density measurements, apparent molar volume (VΦ), limiting apparent molar volume (VoΦ) and partial molar volumes of transfer (VoΦ,tr) have been determined for various solutions of glycine, glycylglycine and glycylglycylglycine in aqueous nortriptyline hydrochloride. In addition, using speed of sound data, apparent molar isentropic compression (Ks,Φ), limiting apparent molar isentropic compression (Kos,Φ) and partial molar isentropic compression of transfer (Kos,Φ,tr) have been calculated. Pair and triplet interaction coefficients are also determined from VoΦ,tr values using McMillan-Mayer theory. Further, apparent molar expansibility (EoΦ) and Hepler's constant values ∂EoΦ∂TP have been evaluated to assist the interpretations earned from the volumetric and acoustic analysis. The viscosity coefficients A and B, viscosity B-coefficient of transfer (Btr) and temperature derivative of B-coefficients (dB/dT) have been determined from viscosity data. The results were interpreted in terms of different kinds of intermolecular interactions present in the ternary systems (amino acid/peptides + water + nortriptyline hydrochloride) through a cosphere overlap model. The Hepler’s constant and temperature derivative of B-coefficients (dB/dT) confirms the structure breaking nature of the solute.

Investigation of salt effect of some inorganic salts and ionic liquids for ibuprofen in aqueous solutions of 1-propanol: volumetric, acoustic and viscometric studies

In this study, salt effect of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, choline acetate (ChAce), choline lactate (ChLac) and choline propionate (ChPro) for ibuprofen in aqueous solutions of 1-propanol were investigated using volumetric, acoustic and viscometric methods. Density, speed of sound and viscosity of quaternary systems (ibuprofen + water + 1-propanol + NaCl/KCl/ChAce/ChLac/ChPro) were measured at temperatures T = 288.15, 298.15 and 308.15 K. Limiting apparent molar volume and limiting apparent molar isentropic compressibility at infinite dilution were calculated using experimental density and speed of sound. Limiting apparent molar volume of ibuprofen increased in the presence of NaCl and KCl; whereas limiting apparent molar volume decreased in the presence of ionic liquids. Therefor NaCl and KCl have salting-out effect; whereas ChAce, ChLac and ChPro have salting-in effect. Also, molar free energy activation of solvent and solute were evaluated using viscosity data. The molar free energy activation of solute was greater than solvent; therefore ibuprofen has a maker structure nature in solvents (water + 1-propanol + NaCl/KCl/ChAce/ChLac/ChPro).

The Volumetric Changes of the Pineal Gland with Age: An Atlas-based Structural Analysis

ABSTRACT Introduction There are numerous reports on the facilitatory role of the pineal gland (PG) in brain function, and the size this structure is suggested to be associated with its proper functionality. Previous works which studied the volume of the PG were mostly based on manual delineation of this region. In a recent work, we developed an MRI atlas for the PG in the standard space, with one of its applications being in volumetric studies. Methods In this study, using structural MRI data from 295 healthy participants in the age range of 19 to 76 years old, and using robust volumetric methods which included the above-mentioned atlas, we estimated the association of ageing with the changes of the PG volume, along with the volume of 48 other brain structures. Results We observed a linear decline (r= -0.42) over this age range for the PG volume, which showed similarity to the ageing profile of most of the other brain structures. Also, the PG volume showed significant associations with the scores of 9 cognitive tests. Conclusion This study is the first work with an automated approach to estimate the PG volume, and could be a help to better understand the functionality of the PG in older ages.

Volumetric and acoustic studies of aqueous l-arginine·HCl and l-proline in electrolytic and non-electrolytic solutions at various temperatures

Densities and speed of sound of l-arginine hydrochloride and l-proline within the concentration range (0.03–0.2) mol.kg−1 in water and in aqueous NaCl and Urea are determined between temperatures 288.15 K and 318.15 K and at one atmospheric pressure. Densities and speeds of sound have been used to calculate apparent molar volume of solute (Vφ), isentropic compressibility of solution (κS), apparent molar isentropic compressibility (KS,φ) of solute, limiting apparent molar volume (Vφ0), limiting apparent molar volume of transfer (ΔtrVφ0), limiting apparent molar expansibility (Eφ0), limiting apparent molar isentropic compressibility (KS,φ0) and limiting apparent molar isentropic compressibility of transfer (ΔtrKS,φ0). These results are then interpreted in terms of intermolecular interactions. The concentration dependencies of the calculated quantities, their limiting values and temperature characteristics are discussed in terms of solute - solvent and solute - solute interactions at experimental conditions.

Тривожно-когнітивні розлади у пацієнтів з метаболічним синдромом: клініко-нейровізуалізаційна діагностика, лікування

Мета дослідження: вивчити когнітивний, психоемоційний стан та нейровізуалізаційні показники головного мозку в пацієнтів середнього віку з хронічними формами цереброваскулярних захворювань на фоні метаболічного синдрому; вивчити клінічну ефективність, безпечність, вплив на когнітивні показники, тривогу вітчизняного препарату Вітаксон® у пацієнтів з хронічними формами цереброваскулярних захворювань на фоні метаболічного синдрому. Матеріали і методи. У відкритому контрольованому дослідженні взяли участь 60 пацієнтів віком від 42 до 61 року (Ме = 52 [Q1 = 54; Q3 = 60]) з метаболічним синдромом. Пацієнтам основної групи (n = 30) до базисної терапії додавався препарат Вітаксон®. У контрольній групі (n = 30) пацієнти отримували лише базисну терапію. Критерієм включення в дослідження була наявність тривожно-когнітивних розладів у пацієнтів з дисциркуляторною енцефалопатією І–ІІ ст. на фоні метаболічного синдрому. Проводили клініко-лабораторне обстеження та нейропсихологічне тестування за шкалами: МоСА; Спілбергера; Бека; таблицями Шульте. За допомогою методу волюметрії на МРТ-сканері Toshiba Vantage Titan 1,5 оцінено стан головного мозку в 41 пацієнта. Проводили кореляційний аналіз показників об’єму кори й білої речовини скроневої й лобної часток та когнітивно-тривожних порушень в пацієнтів з метаболічним синдромом та без нього. Результати. Після 24-денного курсу лікування відбулось покращення когнітивних функцій за шкалою МоСА в обох групах (в основній групі — на 1,5 бали; у контрольній — на 0,5 балів), у групі, у якій пацієнти приймали Вітаксон®, відмінності були вірогідними (р &lt; 0,05). Показники реактивної тривожності за шкалою Спілбергера покращились в основній групі (42,4 ± 3,4 бала до лікування та 24,6 ± 2,8 бала на 24-ту добу), у контрольній відповідні показники суттєво не відрізнялись (41,2 ± 3,2 бала та 39,1 ± 2,1 бала відповідно). Аналіз результатів тестування за таблицями Шульте показав вірогідне зменшення показників виконання завдань після лікування в групі, що приймала Вітаксон® (р &lt; 0,05). Показники депресії за шкалою HADS після лікування покращились в обох групах, але ступеня статистичної вірогідності не було досягнуто. Аналіз волюметричних досліджень показав погіршення когнітивних функцій за шкалою МоСА при зменшенні об’єму кори в лобній і скроневій частках. Визначався кореляційний зв’язок між показниками об’єму кори лобної і скроневої часток і результатами когнітивних функцій за шкалою МоСА. Індекс кореляції r = 0,49 для показників скроневої частки та r = 0,43 — для лобних часток. Модулі коефіцієнтів кореляції були середньої сили. Висновки. У пацієнтів з МС визначалось зменшення об’ємів сірої речовини в скроневих і лобних частках, що корелювало з когнітивним дефіцитом за шкалою МоСА. Ці дані свідчать більшою мірою про змішаний характер когнітивних порушень — судинно-дегенеративний. Проведення волюметричного дослідження в поєднанні з нейропсихологічним дозволяє на стадії помірних когнітивних порушень прогнозувати подальший розвиток захворювання. Наявність позитивного нейротропного ефекту на когнітивно-тривожні прояви та відсутність значимих побічних явищ у препарату Вітаксон® дозволяють рекомендувати його для лікування хронічних форм цереброваскулярних захворювань у пацієнтів з метаболічним синдромом.