Volume Of Industrial Production Research Articles

The Prerequisites for the Formation and Development of the Regional Market of Consulting Services in the Oil-Producing Regions of Russia

The economy of modern oil-producing regions is characterized by the accelerated growth of industrial production volumes, the number of created and established industrial companies, relatively high activity of small business, high level of investment attractiveness of the region, infrastructure, rapidly evolving social sphere. The most dynamic sector of the regional economy is the sector of oil-producing industries of the economy, historically developed in the region on the basis of the proven oil fields. It is obvious that the increased competition on the market of oil production with an objective necessity requires activation of such factor of its minimization as consulting. In addition, the need to improve business efficiency makes small oil companies seek the assistance of a consulting firm to search for qualified specialists, to optimize tax payments, develop marketing and advertising campaigns. In other words, the increase in the number of enterprises, their distribution on the territory of the region directly affects the development of the consulting services field. Consequently, big consulting companies are concentrated in oil-producing regions. The article describes the main economic and organizational/managerial prerequisites for activating the market of consulting services in the oil-extracting sector of the economy of the region, including the intensification of the regional production clusters, the formation and development of small upstream companies focused on oil extraction in inefficient and poorly established fields with the use of modern technologies, a high level of scientific-technical and educational potential of large urban agglomerations and several others. The article is intended for students studying methods of conducting marketing research on the market of consulting services, teachers of the Marketing in services sector, Consulting disciplines, as well as for marketing experts and managers of consulting companies working out strategies for their development in the oil-producing regions of Russia. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s3p169

Decoupling environmental impacts from industrial growth: Case study for South Morava river basin

The widely accepted term ?sustainable development? is a comprehensive concept that requires multi-dimensional indicators showing links between economy, ecology and society. The concept of human development is obviously more complex than it could be understood from any aggregate economic index or from detailed sets of socio-economic statistical and ecological indicators. The research and analysis of the values of separation indicators for the Juzna Morava basin agglomerations clearly show the impacts of industrial growth on the quality of the basin water bodies over the last three decades. Separation indicators have been derived from the statistical relationship between the situation indicators and drive indicators. The situation indicator SSWQIrb was derived as a composite index from ten chosen parameters which represent, by their quality, the characteristics of surface water, by reducing it to one index number weighed from the interrelation between the discharge at a given measurement station and the discharge at the exit profile of the basin. The index of the physical volume of industrial production (indexIND) has been accepted as the drive indicator. The indicators were calculated as a series of index numbers with 1981 as the base year. The values of separation indicators, i.e. degree of separation and factor of separation show the least separation in the first decade (1981-1990) when the volume of industrial production (indexIND) increased the most and the quality of the basin water bodies was the poorest (SSWQIrb). The improvement of the quality of basin water bodies in the last decade (2001-2010), marked by a higher value of the separation factor is a result of a slow growth of industrial production and positive impacts of an abrupt fall of total economic activity occurring already in the second decade (1991-2000). The research has confirmed the importance of applying the concepts of separation of economic growth from environmental impacts. Taking into consideration very low quantities of treated waters as opposed to the total amount of waste waters in Serbia, the separation indicators pose challenges to be faced in the near future. Separation indicators will serve to decision makers and the expert community as a key toolkit for verifying the results of the water resources protection policy.

Assessment of Energy Organizations’ External Conditions in the Russian Federation: A Sector Analysis

Purpose - The paper analyzes basic indicators characterizing the volume of energy sector activity in the Russian Federation, Privolzhsky Federal district, Republic of Tatarstan. Research design, data, and methodology - The study analyzed data from the Privolzhsky Federal district, specifically, industrial production volume, electricity production, energy consumption, energy-balance data, capital investments, and capital investment structure. An array of data has been investigated in recent years. The dataset's dynamics were analyzed in 1998. Fixed capital investment dynamics were studied in 1946 the figures were converted to a comparable form using the index method. Trends were analyzed using multivariate statistics methods and the Statgraphics software package. Results - Hypothesis 1. There are sectoral disproportions in energy flows,taking into account the volume of electricity production and consumption. Trends in electricity production in general coincide with industrial production volume trends. Energy flows have disparities in individual territorial units, and in general. Hypothesis 2. The degree of sectoral economic stability decreases with insufficient levels of investment in fixed capital energy organizations. Conclusions - Because totalelectricity production is largely determined by fixed capital investments, the study of their trends and patterns will coordinate efforts on investment operations in this area.

Water Resource Sustainable Utilization Study of Based on Water Footprint

water footprint and virtual water emerge as new concepts of international water resource studies in recent years and they also become prevailing topics in the study of international water resource at present. These concepts liberate the studies from the limitation of real water viewpoint and introduce the perspective of virtual water, which makes a vital contribution to the study of sustainable use of water resource. This paper introduces the internationally leading water resource footprint model and calculation method of virtual water into the water resource system of Jinan for the first time, giving a quantified measurement of the amount of virtual water contained in the main agricultural products and industrial products of Jinan. According to the calculation and analysis based on water footprint model of Jinan, it is concluded that Jinan is a net exporter of virtual water with an import dependence factor of 0, which directly endangers the water resource security of Jinan. Therefore, it is suggested to make adjustments on virtual water trade structures and strategies to upgrade industrial structures and increase the export volume of industrial products which contained less water, so as to use the water resource in a sustainable and effective way; with limited water resource, Jinan must seek innovations on water resource management concepts in addition to saving water and making better use of water resource, to alter consumption modes and implement the strategy of virtual water by introducing “outer source”, aiming to relieve water resource shortage through virtual water trade with no efforts spared.

Influence of Economic Transition and War on Changes in Spatial Picture of Employment in Sisak Region

This paper analyses the changes in spatial distribution of work places, i.e. employment and unemployment, which appeared in the Sisak region as the consequence of the war (1991-1995) and transition restructuring of economy. Employment and unemployment in the period 1989-2007 have been mainly analyzed according to the areas of the former municipalities with making efforts to single out those which were economically more propulsive, as well as those in which great developmental problems appeared. A special attention was paid to the decrease of the industrial production volume accompanied by continued dismissals of industrial workers.

Polymer Microcapsules with a Fiber-Reinforced Nanocomposite Shell

Polymer microcapsules can be used as controlled release systems in drugs or in foods. Using layer-by-layer adsorption of common food proteins and polysaccharides, we produced a new type of microcapsule with tunable strength and permeability. The shell consists of alternating layers of pectin and whey protein fibrils, yielding a fiber-reinforced nanocomposite shell. The strength can be tightly controlled by varying the number of layers or the density and length of the fibrils in the protein layers. The mechanical stability of these microcapsules appears to be superior to that of currently available multilayer capsules. The method involves only standard unit operations and has the potential for scaling up to industrial production volumes.

Wpływ redukcji ceł na towary nierolne w rundzie Doha na handel zagraniczny Polski

The paper examines the effects of a multilateral reduction of customs duties on non-agricultural goods, under a 'nonlinear Swiss formula', on Poland's foreign trade, including both exports and imports. The authors analyze the GTAP 6.0, according to four scenarios, which differ in terms of 'reduction coefficient A' under the Swiss formula. However, in all variants, the coefficient for developed countries is lower than that for developing countries. The analysis shows that the reduction of customs duties will have a limited impact on Poland's foreign trade. All scenarios point to a small increase in the volume of exports and an insignificant drop in the volume of imports, accompanied by a rise in import prices and a decline of export prices. The deterioration of the country's terms of trade is the most visible in the most radical scenario. The European Union as a whole would be more visibly affected than Poland by the planned reduction of customs duties. Similarly, the move would lead to limited changes in the overall volume of industrial production in Poland. Changes in the volume of trade, production and employment are the most visible in the radical scenario. In all options, the reduction of customs duties will have no perceptible influence on Poland's gross domestic product, though GDP in PPP terms will decrease as a result of deteriorated terms of trade. There will be a marginal deterioration in the overall level of prosperity in Polish society. This will be due to the fact that the drop in terms of trade will outweigh the increase of consumer surplus.

Electoral Success and Federal-level Influence of Russian Regional Executives

POLITICAL SCIENTISTS HAVE ASSERTED that popular legitimacy and durable leadership tend to increase the power and influence of political leaders. 1 In line with these assumptions, popular and durable Russian regional executive leaders should have been attributed with greater levels of bargaining power in centre – region relations. This study seeks to test whether regional leaders in the Russian Federation have been able to transform political strength and authority at the regional level—as measured by election outcomes and time in power—into political influence at the federal level. While controlling for economic, cultural and geographical variables—which can be associated with political resources that enhance the bargaining power of regional leaders—regression analyses do show a positive and statistically significant relationship between votes for regional chief executives and their federal-level influence in 2003. From 1996 practically all of the regional chief executives in the Russian Federation became elected by, and accountable to, their regional constituencies. Since the regional leaders were elected to public office, they enjoyed legitimacy and authority. Ideally, the regional presidents and governors had the potential to act as electorally generated institutional veto players, who had the capacity to constrain the central government. In order to effectively act as veto players, subnational leaders should have the power and authority to either prevent laws from getting passed at the national level by influencing national legislators or block policy initiatives put forward by the central government by refusing to comply at the implementation stage (Stepan, 2004; Mainwaring & Samuels, 2004). In Russia, the ability of regional governments to challenge the central government became possible during and after the demise of the Soviet Union. The final stages of the Soviet period saw the weakening of centralised and communist power and the regional authorities managed to procure greater levels of power and authority. The central authorities still played a major role, but the representatives of the regions— especially those in the ethnic republics—were by no means insignificant political actors. Stoner-Weiss (1997, p. 73) points out that it was quite a natural progression that regional politicians by 1990, in the midst of the transition process towards greater democracy in the Soviet Union, longed for greater control over policy within their

Possibilities for the vapour-liquid-solid model in the vapour-grown carbon fibre growth process

Vapour-grown carbon fibres are very promising as composite reinforcers due to their low cost, about $ 10/kg. They are currently produced on a laboratory scale, but to reach an industrial production volume, it would be necessary to increase their final length up to the centimetre range. Current literature describes how the catalytic growth of such short fibres is finally poisoned by the carbon-deposition pyrolytic process, so the achievement of fibres larger than a very few millimetres, is rather difficult. A slight change in the habitual routine production process, however, it makes possible to grow this type of fibre by an as-vapour-liquid-solid growth model, which yields grown fibres with a very attractive length. In this model, hydrogen plays an important role.

A study of inventories in Finnish manufacturing industry

The aim of this paper is to review the development of inventories in Finnish manufacturing industry between 1975 and 1991. In spite of a major increase in the volume of industrial production, the volume of total inventories decreased by one third during the period. The reduction in input inventories and work-in-progress was more than 40% and that in output inventories 12%. The ratio of total inventories to net sales fell by 47%. The adoption of modern production philosophies, developed storage and manufacturing technologies and computerized materials management systems are thought to be the main causes of this sharp decline.

The expected industrial production volume estimated with the help of data from the business-cycle test

Expectations play a crucial role in economics. The testing of hypotheses about the formation of expectations is hampered by the lack of data. In this article we try to measure expectations in an independent way, using data from the Business Cycle Test. The data refer to the output of the Dutch manufacturing industry. The results indicate that both error-correcting and extrapolative mechanisms are relevant in the process of expectation formation.

Short‐term forecasting of industrial production by means of quick indicators

AbstractThis paper reports results on building transfer function models with linear combinations of quick indicators as inputs for very short‐term prediction of the monthly time series of the volume of industrial production in Finland. The number of input variables in the transfer function models is reduced in two alternative ways: by replacing the original indicators by their two first principal components and by omitting certain indicators. The prediction accuracy of the transfer function models is checked outside the sample and found superior to that of corresponding ARIMA models. Neither of the two ways of reducing the number of input variables leads to consistently more accurate forecasts than the other. It is also found that the prediction accuracy of the transfer function models compares rather favourably with the preliminary values of the volume of industrial production published by the Central Statistical Office during the periods of rapid growth.

Prospective Forms of Collaboration of Comecon Member Nations

The 25 years of activity of the Council of Mutual Economic Aid - the organization for the economic and scientific-technical cooperation of socialist countries - is a vivid example of the effective use of the advantages of the socialist economic system on an international scale. It was specifically with the formation of COMECON that participating nations began systematically developing multilateral reciprocal cooperation on a planned basis in economics, science, and technology, side by side with bilateral relations. The activity of COMECON promotes the general progress of the socialist community and the highly dynamic development of the national economies of the countries comprising it. In the last three years alone, industrial production in COMECON countries increased by 24%, whereas in the developed capitalist countries it increased only by approximately 15-16%. In 1973 the national income of COMECON member nations increased 5.7 times compared with 1950, while the volume of industrial production increased 8.4 times. During the same period industrial production in the developed capitalist countries increased 3 times, while national income increased 2.8 times.

Integration Measures: A Component Part of National Economic and Branch Plans

The Council of Mutual Economic Aid is observing its twenty-fifth anniversary. During this historically relatively brief period it has grown and strengthened as the organization of collective cooperation of socialist countries. Drawing on the advantages of the socialist system and on collaboration and mutual aid, the countries in the community have achieved high rates of economic growth and have taken the lead in a number of directions of scientific and technical progress. Based on the socialist system of economy of each of the countries, the socialist principles of economic cooperation actively promote the attainment of a high rate of development by the national economies. Thus during this period the national income of COMECON countries rose more than 6 times, while the volume of industrial production increased 9.5 times. The successes that have been scored and the entire practical activity of the Council of Mutual Economic Aid are evidence of the high effectiveness of the joint actions of socialist count...

Chapter II. The World Economy

World economic growth slowed down sharply during the summer. Between the first and third quarters the annual rate of increase in the volume of industrial production in the industrial countries appears to have been only about 1½ per cent. Demand remained rather weak in a number of countries, notably the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, while in West Germany there was a severe shortage of capacity. Strikes, notably those in Italy and, more recently, the stoppage at General Motors in the United States, have also interfered with output to a greater extent than usual.

Development of Industrial Production in the USSR and the USA (Summing Up the Last Fifty Years)

It is common knowledge that prerevolutionary Russia lagged greatly behind the capitalist countries of Europe and the USA with respect to economic development. It is true that Russian industry had attained a high degree of concentration of production but, nonetheless, prior to the revolution Russia was chiefly an agrarian country and its volume of industrial production was incomparably lower than that of England, Germany, France and, in particular, the United States of America — the country occupying first place in industrial development by the time World War I broke out.

ECONOMIC PLANNING IN JAPAN

The reco~ery and growth of the Japanese economy after the destruction o~ World War 11 have been rem~rkable. The volume of industrial production, which had been reduced to only one-third of prewar level, re~ained the 1934-36 Ievel as early as in 1951, and in 1962 it was flve times as high. Today the Japanese economy is approaching the level of some of the West Eurdpean countries, both in scale of production and in the living standard of the people. Japan is now the fifth biggest industrial producer in the world, following the U.S., U.S.S.R., U.K., and West Germany. In respect to several industries such as shipbuilding, transistors, T.V. sets, and camera manufacturing, she is the biggest producer in the world. National income per head of population in 1961 was just over $ 400, only twenty per cent lower than that of Itaiy, although it is a long way to reach the level of the U.K. or West Germany where it is around $ 1,000. With such growth of production and improvements in living, Japan is now accepted as one of the advanced nations i~l the international community. In the summer of 1963, she joined the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. This is the first time a country outside North America and Western Europe was admitted to membership in the organization of advanced n.ations. It was already decided that Ja~an would be transferred to the Article 8 status in the IMF Agreement. In August 1963, her ratio of import liberalization reached 92 per cent, which is comparable with most West European countries. Needless to say, a number of factors have been responsible for the remarkable achievements of the Japanese economy. Since these factors have been already analysed by competent economists, I shall confine myself here to mentioning only two features pertinent to the subject of this paper.l One of them is the very positive attitude of Japanese business firms under the competitive market system. They are confident of the future growth of the national economy, eager to adopt the latest techniques, and enthusiastic to expand their own business activities in spite of severe competition at home and abroad. For instance. Japa~rese businessmen imported and utilized advanced foreign technology to the fullest extent possible. Tremendous amounts of resources have been invested in the most modern equipment, with a resultant rapid rise in productivity and increased competitiveness in

Some Problems in the Improvement of National Economic Planning

The target figures for development of the national economy of the USSR in 1959-1965, adopted by the 21st Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union envisage a grandiose program for the upbuilding of communism in our country. Problems of further upbuilding of the economies of the constituent republics and the economic districts play an important role in the seven-year plan. An example of the unflagging attention given by the Communist Party and the Soviet government to the development of the economy and culture of formerly backward nationality areas is that of Kazakhstan. The volume of industrial production in the Kazakh SSR rose 43 times from 1913 to 1958.

A Test of the Accuracy of a Production Index

Abstract A comparison of the volume of industrial production in the United Kingdom in 1935 and 1948, using the full resources of the Census of Production, has recently been published. This provides an opportunity of testing the results obtained, much more rapidly but on more limited data, by an index of produetion. The index is shown to have underestimated the growth of production, which is in accordance with a priori expectations. The divergence between index and Census results for particular trades is frequently large; some instances are examined.

A Test of the Accuracy of a Production Index

Abstract A comparison of the volume of industrial production in the United Kingdom in 1935 and 1948, using the full resources of the Census of Production, has recently been published. This provides an opportunity of testing the results obtained, much more rapidly but on more limited data, by an index of produetion. The index is shown to have underestimated the growth of production, which is in accordance with a priori expectations. The divergence between index and Census results for particular trades is frequently large; some instances are examined.