Voice Messages Research Articles

Secured wired BPL voice transmission system

Designing a secured voice transmission system is not a trivial task. Wired media, thanks to their reliability and resistance to mechanical damage, seem an ideal solution. The BPL (Broadband over Power Line) cable is resistant to electricity stoppage and partial damage of phase conductors, ensuring continuity of transmission in case of an emergency. It seems an appropriate tool for delivering critical data, mostly clear and understandable voice messages. This paper describes such a system that was designed and evaluated in real-time operating conditions. It involved a two-way transmission of speech samples in American English and Polish. The efficiency of the designed solution was evaluated in the subjective study on a group of 15 people.

Centrally Reserved Access Model to the Medium in Digital Radio Communication Networks

Currently, centrally reserved access to the medium in the digital radio communication networks of the IEEE 802.11 family standards is an alternative to random multiple access to the environment such as CSMA/CA and is mainly used in the transmission voice and video messages in real time. Centrally reserved access to the environment determines the scope of interest in it from attackers. However, the assessment of effectiveness of centrally reserved access to the environment under the conditions of potentially possible destructive impacts was not carried out and therefore it is impossible to assess the contribution of such impacts to the decrease in the effectiveness of such access. Also, the stage establishing of centrally reserved access to the environment was not previously taken into account. Analytical model development of centrally reserved access to the environment under the conditions of destructive influences in digital radio communication networks of the IEEE 802.11 family standards. A mathematical model of centrally reserved access to the environment has been developed, taking into account not only the stage of its functioning, but also the stage of formation under the conditions of destructive influences by the attacker. Moreover, in the model the stage of establishing centrally reserved access to the medium displays a sequential relationship of such access, synchronization elements in digital radio communication networks and random multiple access to the medium of the CSMA/CA type. It was established that collisions in the data transmission channel caused by destructive influences can eliminate centrally reserved access to the medium even at the stage of its establishment. The model is applicable in the design of digital radio communication networks of the IEEE 802.11 family of standards, the optimization of such networks of the operation, and the detection of potential destructive effects by an attacker.

PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN REKORDER MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI WHATSAPP DI KELAS VII.5 SMPN 2 PARIAMAN

This study aims to describe the implementation of recorder learning using WhatsApp application in class VII.5 at SMPN 2 Pariaman.This is a qualitative research using descriptive method. The main instrument in this study was the researcher itself and was assisted by supporting instruments such as writing instruments and cameras. The data were collected through literature study, interview, observation, and documentation. The steps for analyzing data are collecting the data, describing the data, and making conclusions.The results show that the implementation of learning using WhatsApp application at SMP Negeri 2 Pariaman, especially in class VII.5, has not been carried out well because not all students participate in the process of online learning. There are obstacles in the implementation of online learning such as internet connection, internet loads. In addition, there are still some students who do not have cellphones. As a result, there are many students who do not participate in the learning process using WhatsApp application. At the presentation and delivery stage, the teacher only gives assignments to students through group chat or voice messages on WhatsApp groups that have been made specifically for learning Cultural and Arts. The training and practice stages are not optimal because the activities cannot be directly controlled by the teacher.Keyword: recorder, whatsapp, online study, learning process

An Artificial Intelligence-Based, Personalized Smartphone App to Improve Childhood Immunization Coverage and Timelines Among Children in Pakistan: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundThe immunization uptake rates in Pakistan are much lower than desired. Major reasons include lack of awareness, parental forgetfulness regarding schedules, and misinformation regarding vaccines. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic and distancing measures, routine childhood immunization (RCI) coverage has been adversely affected, as caregivers avoid tertiary care hospitals or primary health centers. Innovative and cost-effective measures must be taken to understand and deal with the issue of low immunization rates. However, only a few smartphone-based interventions have been carried out in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to improve RCI.ObjectiveThe primary objectives of this study are to evaluate whether a personalized mobile app can improve children’s on-time visits at 10 and 14 weeks of age for RCI as compared with standard care and to determine whether an artificial intelligence model can be incorporated into the app. Secondary objectives are to determine the perceptions and attitudes of caregivers regarding childhood vaccinations and to understand the factors that might influence the effect of a mobile phone–based app on vaccination improvement.MethodsA mixed methods randomized controlled trial was designed with intervention and control arms. The study will be conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital vaccination center. Caregivers of newborns or infants visiting the center for their children’s 6-week vaccination will be recruited. The intervention arm will have access to a smartphone app with text, voice, video, and pictorial messages regarding RCI. This app will be developed based on the findings of the pretrial qualitative component of the study, in addition to no-show study findings, which will explore caregivers’ perceptions about RCI and a mobile phone–based app in improving RCI coverage.ResultsPretrial qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted in February 2020. Enrollment of study participants for the randomized controlled trial is in process. Study exit interviews will be conducted at the 14-week immunization visits, provided the caregivers visit the immunization facility at that time, or over the phone when the children are 18 weeks of age.ConclusionsThis study will generate useful insights into the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of an Android-based smartphone app for improving RCI in Pakistan and in LMICs.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04449107; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04449107International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/22996

Speech encryption by multiple chaotic map with fast fourier transform

There are various ways of social communication including writing (WhatsApp, Messenger, Facebook, Twitter, Skype, etc), calling (mobile phone) and voice recording (record your voice and then send it to the other party), but there are ways to eavesdropping the calls and voice messages, One way to solve this problem is via cryptographic approach. Chaos cryptography build on top of nonlinear dynamics chaotic system has gained some footstep in data security. It provides an alternative to conventional cryptography built on top of mathematical structures. This research focuses on the protection of speech recording by encrypting it with multiple encryption algorithms, including chaotic maps (Logistic Map and Sine Maps).

Harm reduction via online platforms for people who use drugs in Russia: a qualitative analysis of web outreach work

BackgroundHarm reduction services to people who use drugs (PWUD) in Russia are insufficient in terms of quantity, government endorsement, and accessibility. The situation has recently deteriorated even further because of social distancing measures of the COVID-19 pandemic. Several organizations have started to provide some harm reduction services via online platforms by web outreach. However, little is known on how online outreach services are organized and implemented. Drawing on the example of St. Petersburg-based NGO “Humanitarian Action,” we explored web outreach work in Telegram instant messenger.MethodsOur data were comprised of 4 semi-structured interviews with the NGO staff and 301 cases of web outreach work with PWUD. We used thematic analysis to study the process of web outreach, harm reduction service provision, and needs of PWUD.ResultsThree stages of the process of web outreach work were identified: clients initiating communication, NGO workers addressing clients’ needs, and NGO workers receiving clients’ feedback. Communication proceeded in group chat or direct messages. Challenges in addressing clients’ needs happened when clients turned for help after hours, sent recorded voice messages, sent unclear messages, and/or were unwilling to transition to telephone communication. All web outreach workers reported receiving only positive feedback on their work. The needs of PWUD were categorized into two major themes, depending on whether they can be addressed fully or partially online. In cases of online only provision of services, web outreach workers helped PWUD treat minor injection drug use complications, obtain verified harm reduction information and receive general psychological support. In instances of partial online services provision, PWUD were assisted in getting treatment of severe injection drug use complications, overdoses, and in accessing offline medical, psychological, social, legal and harm reduction services.ConclusionsOur research demonstrated that web outreach work is a convenient tool for delivering some harm reduction services to PWUD either partially or completely online and for recruiting new clients (including hard-to-reach PWUD that avoid attending brick-and-mortar facilities). Harm reduction organizations should consider incorporating online harm reduction services into their activities. However, further research is needed to explore relative advantages and disadvantages of online harm reduction services.

Parenting Gizi Berbasis Whatsapp: Literasi Digital Guna Mendukung Generasi Sehat Berprestasi

NUTRITIONAL PARENTING ASSISTED WHATSAPP; DIGITAL LITERACY TO SUPPORT THE HEALTHY GENERATION OF ACHIEVERS. Parents have an important role in a family. Parental involvement in childcare has great potential to be developed. The potential of parents in parenting can be optimized through the potential of human and technological resources. In the current digital era, the potential for parental involvement can be strengthened by whatsapp-based digital literacy. Whatsapp is a technology resource that can convey various forms of messages such as text messages, voice messages, picture messages, even voice and video calls. This activity aims to empower parents in providing balanced nutrition for children through whatsapp-based parenting activities. The target group used as partners in this activity are parents of toddlers who attend Pos PAUD, at Pos PAUD Lestari II, Semarang City, Central Java. The method used in this activity was the initiation and parenting of whatsapp continuously. The results of activities carried out in the form of whatsapp-based nutrition parenting groups, the number of participants consisted of 20 parents, the results showed there were 85% of parents who had high enthusiasm when whatsapp parenting took place and 35% of parents were able to practice balanced diet for children. This activity needs to be continued given the limited number of parents who can practice balanced diet, the next activity can be in the form of literacy strengthening through peer education activities as an effort to increase parental involvement in fulfilling children's nutritional intake.

Feasibility of a Lifestyle Intervention Program for Prevention of Diabetes Among Women With Prior Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (LIVING Study) in South Asia: A Formative Research Study.

Aim: To refine and contextually adapt a postpartum lifestyle intervention for prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka.Materials and Methods: In-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with women with current diagnosis of GDM, and health care professionals involved in their management, to understand relevant local contextual factors for intervention optimization and implementation. This paper describes facilitators and barriers as well as feedback from participants on how to improve the proposed intervention. These factors were grouped and interpreted along the axes of the three main determinants of behavior–capability, opportunity, and motivation. IDIs and FGDs were digitally recorded, transcribed, and translated. Data-driven inductive thematic analysis was undertaken to identify and analyze patterns and themes.Results: Two interrelated themes emerged from the IDIs and FGDs: (i) The lifestyle intervention was acceptable and considered to have the potential to improve the existing model of care for women with GDM; and (ii) Certain barriers such as reduced priority of self-care, and adverse societal influences postpartum need to be addressed for the improvement of GDM care. Based on the feedback, the intervention was optimized by including messages for family members in the content of the intervention, providing options for both text and voice messages as reminders, and finalizing the format of the intervention session delivery.Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of contextual factors in influencing postpartum care and support for women diagnosed with GDM in three South Asian countries. It indicates that although provision of postpartum care is complex, a group lifestyle intervention program is highly acceptable to women with GDM, as well as to health care professionals, at urban hospitals.

Distracted driving caused by voice message apps: A series of experimental studies

Hand-free voice message apps are frequently used by young people while driving. Previous studies have identified voice message apps as a common source of driving distraction. To quantitatively evaluate the factors contributing to driving distractions, three simulated driving experiments were designed using a dual-task experimental paradigm. In Experiment 1, participants completed several common tasks related to voice messages in WeChat with or without manual operations (perceptual-motor distraction). Experiments 2 and 3 further took into consideration the cognitive distraction level, measured by task difficulty and task frequency. The results showed that, in comparison with undistracted driving, the perceptual-motor distraction related to voice message app use significantly (ps < 0.05) weakened young drivers’ driving performance with respect to the standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP) between two cars (0.24 m), response time (0.21 s) and error rate (0.12) to turning lights, and collision percentage (0.54%), similar to the effects induced by non-voice-based apps. There were also significant differences (ps < 0.05) between driving with secondary tasks with and without continuous manual operations in the SDLP between two cars (0.19 m) and in the response time (0.18 s) and error rate (0.10) to turning lights, which indicates that the distracting effect produced by voice-message apps comes from the related manual operations. The effects of cognitive distraction on driving performance mainly depended on task difficulty level. High-difficulty secondary tasks via a voice message app significantly (ps < 0.05) weakened the driving performance in response time (by 0.13 s and 0.13 s compared to low-difficulty and baseline conditions, respectively) and error rate (by 0.07 and 0.07 compared to low-difficulty and baseline conditions, respectively) to turning lights and collision percentage (by 0.90% and 0.80% compared to low-difficulty and baseline conditions, respectively). The findings provide a theoretical reference for analysing the distracting components of voice messages and suggest that drivers should limit the use of these kinds of apps during driving.

Analisis Penggunaan WhatsApp Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Era Industri 4.0

The purpose of this study is to describe the use of Whatsapp in learning Arabic and the principles of media selection in the era 4.0. The digital era or commonly known as the industrial era 4.0, learning that runs must use technology that makes it easier for teachers and students to carry out the teaching and learning process, as well as learning Arabic. Whatsapp as a medium that is widely used today can be used for learning Arabic. This research is library-based, so that the data obtained through deepening the text of books or articles is in accordance with the required data. Then the data were analyzed and described. This article provides an answer by explaining that the principles of media selection in the 4.0 era are clarity of media intentions, familiarity, and clear guidelines for their use. The use of Whatsapp for learning Arabic using the Whatsapp group and unbeatable text, voice, video and file messaging services with language skills that will teach.

Detection of interactive voice response (IVR) in phone call records

Separation of pre-recorded messages (Interactive Voice Response, IVR) from live speech fragments in real-time plays a significant role in speech emotion recognition (SER) systems, unwanted calls filtering, automatic detection of answering machine responses, reduction of stored record sizes, voice mail spam filtration, etc. The problem complexity is that, unlike with silent, music, and noise fragments studied by the conventional voice activity recognition (VAD), IVR usually contains speech. Three classifiers for live speech fragments detection in phone call records are considered: based on the support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting (XGBoost) and convolutional neural network (CNN). The Geneva Minimalistic Acoustic Parameter Set for XGBoost and SVM, and log-spectrograms and gammatonegrams for CNN were used for feature representation of audio fragments. Experiments with a dataset of phone calls demonstrate comparable quality (around 0.96 according to the F1-averaged measure) of the considered algorithms with CNN having a advantage (0.98).

Coverage and Acceptability of Mobile Phone Messages for Cancer Prevention: a Population-Based Study in a Latin American Country

Mobile health (m-health) has shown positive effects on disease prevention; however, several factors might influence its effectiveness, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Randomized trials provide data with high internal validity but no major information on population impact. We conducted a pilot population-based study to assess the feasibility of cancer prevention through m-health in a Latin American population. A sample of affiliates to a health insurance company in Colombia was randomly selected and assigned to receive a short message service (SMS) or voice messages (VMS) during 4 weeks; weekly frequencies 2 and 7. Baseline and post-intervention surveys were conducted. Overall, 797 affiliates were contacted (SMS 393, VMS 404) but only 15.3% and 24.8% enrolled, respectively. Over 80% acceptability was observed among participants for all items evaluated (usefulness, understandability, timing, and frequency); however, 2-VMS per week was the only frequency consistent with the declared number of messages received and listened. Other frequencies resulted in high reception recall but low willingness to read/listen the messages. The willingness to be part of future programs was 20.0%. The gap between declared acceptability and practice, low participation rates, and low willingness to read/listen messages indicate m-health should be part of multicomponent interventions and should not be conceived as the sole intervention.

Public opinion mining using natural language processing technique for improvisation towards smart city.

In this digital world integrating smart city concepts, there is a tremendous scope and need for e-governance applications. Now people analyze the opinion of others before purchasing any product, hotel booking, stepping onto restaurants etc. and the respective user share their experience as a feedback towards the service. But there is no e-governance platform to obtain public opinion grievances towards covid19, government new laws, policies etc. With the growing availability and emergence of opinion rich information’s, new opportunities and challenges might arise in developing a technology for mining the huge set of public messages, opinions and alert the respective departments to take necessary actions and also nearby ambulances if its related to covid-19. To overcome this pandemic situation a natural language processing based efficient e-governance platform is demandful to detect the corona positive patients and provide transparency on the covid count and also alert the respective health ministry and nearby ambulance based on the user voice inputs. To convert the public voice messages into text, we used Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). To identify respective government department responsible for the respective user voice input, we perform pre-processing, part of speech, unigram, bigram, trigram analysis and fuzzy logic (machine learning technique). After identifying the responsible department, we perform 2 methods, (1) Automatic alert e-mail and message to the government departmental officials and nearby ambulance or covid camp if the user input is related to covis19. (2) Ticketing system for public and government officials monitoring. For experimental results, we used Java based web and mobile application to execute the proposed methodology. Integration of HMM, Fuzzy logic provides promising results.

Smartwatches are more distracting than mobile phones while driving: Results from an experimental study

The use of smartwatches raises a number of questions about their potential for distraction in situations where sustained attention is paramount, like driving a motor vehicle. Our research examines distraction caused by smartwatch use in comparison to mobile phone use while driving. It also studies the difference in distractions caused by inbound text messages versus inbound voice messages, and outbound replies through text messages versus outbound voice replies. A within-subject experiment was conducted in a driving simulator where 31 participants received and answered text messages under four conditions: they received notifications (1) on a mobile phone, (2) on a smartwatch, and (3) on a speaker, and then responded orally to these messages. They also (4) received messages in a “texting” condition where they had to reply through text to the notifications. Eye tracking gaze distribution results show that participants were more distracted in the smartwatch condition than in the mobile phone condition, they were less distracted in the speaker condition than in the phone condition, and they were more distracted in the texting condition than in any of the others. The participants’ driving performance remained the same in all conditions except in the texting condition, wherein it became worse. Eye tracking and pupillometry results suggest that participants’ mental workload might be lower in the texting condition than in the other three conditions, although this result might be caused by a higher number of glances at the device in that condition. This study contributes to a better understanding of the distraction potential of smartwatches as well as identifying vocal assistants as the least distracting way of communicating while driving a vehicle. Industry leaders could become a key factor in informing the public of the smartwatch’s potential for distraction.

Praktik Pembelajaran Keterampilan Berbicara Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

This study aims to describe the practice of language learning, namely the speaking ability of students during the pandemic period with a learning system that dares to follow what they face. The subjects in this study were 13 students of PGMI Insuri Ponorogo. The practice of learning Speaking skills is carried out with four speaking practices: reading stories, reading announcements, making speeches, and discussing. Of the four practices, knew that if you do not practice speaking, namely reading stories, reading announcements, and making speeches, it only folds four aspects of delivery, namely (1) vocal clarity; (2) correct intonation; (3) accuracy of word choice (diction); and (4) sentence structure (speech). There is no interaction with other speakers, no need to convey or express opinions, and not required to show data outside of the text to support their speaking skills. In contrast to the ability to discuss which requires six aspects, namely (1) fluency in delivering responses/responses; (2) vocal clarity; (3) correct intonation; (4) accuracy of word choice (diction); (5) sentence structure (speech); and (6) accuracy in disclosing data in practice. In the discussion practice, the students' ability to speak is also better without reading texts. However, it cannot involve one aspect of learning services from voice message media.. be involved, namely eye contact with listeners. One aspect of this also later becomes one of the pathways related to bold learning that only uses voice message media in learning. Not recognizing expressions and gestures when executing the practice also prevents listeners from entering into reports.

Development, Implementation, and Results from a COVID-19 Messaging Campaign to Promote Health Care Seeking Behaviors Among Community Clinic Patients.

Care-delays can further exacerbate racial and ethnic health disparities in novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related complications. The purpose of our study was to describe and evaluate a Patient Engagement Messaging campaign (PEM campaign) promoting health care seeking behaviors among community and rural clinic patients in North Carolina. Text and voice messages were delivered over 3-weeks. Messages encouraged patients to call a regional operation call center (ROC) line for information related to health care appointments and testing. A cross-sectional evaluation was conducted on the total population (n = 48,063) and a sample without recent health care contact (n = 29,214). Among the sample, logistic regression was used to model determinants of calls to the ROC-line and associations between calling the ROC-line and health care seeking behaviors (scheduling any health care appointment or receiving a COVID-19 test). 69.9% of text messages and 89% of voice messages were delivered. Overall, 95.4% of the total population received at least 1 message. Successful delivery was lower among Black patients and higher among patients with moderate health-risk comorbidities. Among the sample, 7.4% called the ROC-line, with higher odds of calling among minority patients (vs. White) and among Medicaid and uninsured (vs. private insurance). Calling the ROC-line was associated with higher odds of scheduling any health care appointment (OR: 4.14; 95% CI 2.93–5.80) and receiving a COVID-19 test (OR: 2.39; 95% CI 1.64–3.39). Messaging campaigns may help disconnected patients access health care resources and reduce disparities, but are likely still limited by existing barriers.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s10900-020-00939-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Smart Dissemination by Using Natural Language Processing Technology

Background: Recently, WhatsApp has become the world's most popular text and voice messaging application with 1.5 billion users. A lot of WhatsApp Application Programming Interface (API) has also been established to be connected to other applications. On the other hand, the development of natural language processing (NLP) for WhatsApp messages has snowballed. There are extensive studies on the dissemination information using WhatsApp but the study on NLP involving data from WhatsApp is lacking.Objective: This study aims to implement NLP in smart dissemination applications by using WhatsApp API.Methods: We build a framework that embeds an intelligent system based on the NLP in WhatsApp API to disseminate a dynamic message. Some of the sentences are used to evaluate the accuracy of this application.Results: Smart dissemination consists of dynamic filter and dynamic content. Dynamic filter was conducted by using the POS tagger and clause statement. Meanwhile, dynamic content was built by using the replace MySQL function. There are twofold limitation: the application could not transform a message that matches rule &lt;3&gt; with conjunction “dan”; has the same attribute before and after &lt;CC&gt; tag; and the maximum of the logical operator is one type for coordinating conjunction (AND/OR) in one sentence.Conclusion: Our framework can be used for dynamic dissemination of messages using dynamic message content and dynamic message recipient with an accuracy of 95% from twenty sample messages.

SISTEM LABORATORIUM BAHASA DI DALAM WHATSAPP MESSENGER

By the research and development (R&amp;D) method designed by Nicolas Guichon (2007)), this scientific paper lists and describes the features of the free WhatsApp Messenger apps version 2.20.193.9 (released by WhatsApp Inc.) which is then analyzed using the theory of a language laboratory system made by Alfred S. Hayes for later analysis results are used to develop a virtual language laboratory manual. The purpose of this paper is to find out the features of the Whatsapp Messenger version 2.20.193.9 application that can be used for virtual language laboratories and also to develop its manual. Based on the results of the analysis that the author has done, the features that can be used for virtual language laboratories are the chat group, message, voice message, voice call, voice-video call, document delivery (voice document, video, text). The results of this study will be used for the development of the virtual language laboratories manual and are also expected to a topic of discussion among researchers and practitioners in the field of foreign language education and teaching.

Effectiveness of a novel mobile health (Peek) and education intervention on spectacle wear amongst children in India: Results from a randomized superiority trial in India.

BackgroundUncorrected refractive errors can be corrected by spectacles which improve visual functioning, academic performance and quality of life. However, spectacle wear can be low due to teasing/bullying, parental disapproval and no perceived benefit.Hypothesis: higher proportion of children with uncorrected refractive errors in the schools allocated to the intervention will wear their spectacles 3–4 months after they are dispensed.MethodsA superiority, cluster-randomised controlled trial was undertaken in 50 government schools in Hyderabad, India using a superiority margin of 20%. Schools were the unit of randomization. Schools were randomized to intervention or a standard school programme. The same clinical procedures were followed in both arms and free spectacles were delivered to schools. Children 11–15 years with a presenting Snellen visual acuity of <6/9.5 in one or both eyes whose binocular acuity improved by ≥2 lines were recruited.In the intervention arm, classroom health education was delivered before vision screening using printed images which mimic the visual blur of uncorrected refractive error (PeekSim). Children requiring spectacles selected one image to give their parents who were also sent automated voice messages in the local language through Peek. The primary outcome was spectacle wear at 3–4 months, assessed by masked field workers at unannounced school visits. www.controlled-trials.com ISRCTN78134921 Registered on 29 June 2016Findings701 children were prescribed spectacles (intervention arm: 376, control arm: 325). 535/701 (80%) were assessed at 3–4 months: intervention arm: 291/352 (82.7%); standard arm: 244/314 (77.7%). Spectacle wear was 156/291 (53.6%) in the intervention arm and 129/244 (52.9%) in the standard arm, a difference of 0.7% (95% confidence interval (CI), -0.08, 0.09). amongst the 291 (78%) parents contacted, only 13.9% had received the child delivered PeekSim image, 70.3% received the voice messages and 97.2% understood them.InterpretationSpectacle wear was similar in both arms of the trial, one explanation being that health education for parents was not fully received. Health education messages to create behaviour change need to be targeted at the recipient and influencers in an appropriate, acceptable and accessible medium.FundingUSAID (Childhood Blindness Programme), Seeing is Believing Innovation Fund and the Vision Impact Institute.

VOICES FROM THE LOCKER ROOM: A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF VOICE MESSAGES WITHIN ITALIAN NSFW GROUPS.

The growing use of messaging apps group chats is defining a new geography of unsearchable digital conversations. Although these spaces often escape the range of internet research, because of the technical and ethical difficulties in extracting of large-scale data sets, they represent crucial contexts where new communication habits and cultural practices emerge. This paper aims to understand the use of voice messages in NSFW group chats, by looking at Telegram closed groups where pornographic contents are shared and commented. Since NSFW group chats are usually understood as prevalently anonymous contexts, the disclosure afforded by voices messages - particularly in terms of gender recognition - becomes worthy examining. More specifically, we ask: 1) What kind of interactions are enacted by voice messages? 2) What kind of self-disclosure is performed through voice messages? 3) Which challenges emerge in the moderation of voice messages? For this research, we are carrying out a qualitative content analysis of voice messages combined with in-depth interviews with groups' moderators. Preliminary results suggest some circumstances that lead users to prefer using voice messages over text, gifs and static images. Contingent (not being able to text) or literacy-related reasons appear less important than the need to establish affective inclusion and identification through one's own voice.