Process Of Vocational Training Research Articles

Comprehensive Management For The Process of Access, Retention, Graduation, and Employability in Higher Education

employability, based on the potential of career guidance, as a contribution to the sustainable reduction of student drop-out. Theoretical Framework: The Higher Education system of access, retention, graduation, and employability has been described fragmentarily through Pedagogical Sciences. This paper systematizes contributions on vocational training processes and career guidance in the stages of human development. Method: The theoretical approach carried out is based on the application of the systemic-structural-functional scientific method. From this perspective, the logic or succession of procedures for constructing knowledge in a coherent and rigorous manner is expressed from the General Systems Theory. Results and Discussion: The achieved theoretical results on the approach performed have been the essential support for the elaboration of regulations; in the projection on the integrated admissions process to the former students’ condition; as well as in the academic monitoring of each student. This constitutes evidence of its applicability in practice. Research Implications: Practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing Higher Education institutions with ideas for integrating universities with preceding educations and the production and services sector. Originality/Value: The novelty of this paper lies in the idea of a macro process that systematizes career guidance as a source of professional motivation in the different stages of personality development.

FORMATION OF INFORMATION CULTURE IN STUDENTS OF ENGINEERING AND PEDAGOGICAL AREAS OF EXPERTISE DURING THEIR VOCATIONAL TRAINING

The study examines the problem of the content and structure of the students’ information culture in engineering and pedagogical areas of expertise, as well as directions, methods and technologies of its formation during their professional training. The purpose of the article is to highlight the content and structure of the information culture in students of engineering and pedagogical specialities and to study the leading ways of managing its formation within the vocational training process. It has been established that information culture is complex, integrated, and value-based personal formation, a structural component of the future specialist’s professional culture. It includes a set of knowledge, skills, values and attitudes that aid in effectively perceiving, processing, understanding, evaluating, storing, producing, sharing and application of information in the modern information society, in professional activity and in teaching in educational institutions. It has been found out that information culture in its development goes through several qualitative levels, namely: cognitive (the level of awareness and functional knowledge); emotional value-based (instructions, evaluations, and attitudes); and behavioural (actual and potential cultural behaviour in working with information) ones. Following the analysis of primary sources, within the space of an individual’s information culture, the culture of educational-cognitive activity, communicative and computer cultures have been distinguished. It has been claimed that each component has independent significance and, in unity, ensures the implementation of cognitive, value-orientating, creative-developmental functions, as well as the functions of optimization, intensification, and professionalization in the students’ professional training in engineering and pedagogical area of expertise. It has been generalized that information culture assists future professionals to become active participants in the contemporary information space, effective agents of society’s digital transformation, and representatives of high professional culture and professional and pedagogical mastery. It has been emphasized that the process of shaping the information culture in students of engineering and pedagogical specialities is an integral part of their professional training, conducted based on comprehensive and interdisciplinary approaches. The main directions of such activity include: deepening the content of curriculum disciplines, expanding the content of educational and production practices, introducing special courses and electives, refining the content of students’ independent educational activities in engineering and pedagogical specialities, developing project-based and public activities of students, and in addition – networking. Practical experience in implementing programs for the formation of information culture in educational institutions of various levels has shown that such programs can be successful if they are adapted to the needs and capabilities of a specific educational organisation. Further refinement of comprehensive interdisciplinary programs for the formation of the students’ information culture is seen in its adaptation to changes in the information environment, development of interactive resources, strengthening digital security, collaboration with other organizations, and spreading awareness regarding the importance of information culture and digital literacy among all participants of the educational process. It has been concluded that managing the process of forming the information culture of students in engineering and pedagogical areas of expertise is a complex and multi-faceted task. In its implementation, it is necessary to ensure the unity, interconnection, and complementarity of all the mentioned directions, as well as to carry out direct operation (via consulting, lectures, and seminar classes) and indirect (through pedagogical conditions, established procedures, instructions, and modern SMART systems) competent pedagogical management.

Educational fields of higher education graduates in European Union

The processes of automation and globalization are resizing workplaces through their changes. A picture of the labor market can be provided by the educational fields of the graduates. Thus, depending on the educational field, the situation regarding the distribution of bachelor’s graduates is analyzed in the article. The importance of the quality of the education and vocational training processes can be considered to be the basis of addressing the major challenges that are manifesting worldwide. Economic and social pressures influence the development of skills and competencies even for higher education. Training for the purpose of employment also contributes to increasing employability. The degree of access to jobs is higher when the level of education is higher. For the age group 15 to 64, this article presents the share of graduates having an education level between 5 and 8. Quality education can contribute to sustainable development. Thus, to identify solutions to problems that may arise in a community, the contribution of education can increase by increasing the life quality of the members from that community. In this context, for the 30–34 age group, at European level, the evolution of graduates with a tertiary level of education is analyzed. For employers, it is very important to know both the level of education and especially the fields in which they are trained. This is one of the reasons why the authors of the study carried out this analysis. Taking into account the classification of graduates according to the educational field, the research presents the situation for each of the five fields for which in 2020 there were the most numerous bachelor’s graduates.

Pedagogical technology of constructing professional identity of pre-service foreign language teachers

Introduction. The authors of the article investigate the formation of pre-service foreign language teachers’ professional identity in the conditions of higher professional education. Its relevance is confirmed by the increased requirements of the society for the personality of a specialist, by the urge for elaborating the internal confidence in his/her professionalism, the ability to build effective professional interactions, and to realise the need for self-expression in his/her profession, all of which are an indicator of high-quality professional training. Aim. The current research aims to provide the scientific justification for the effectiveness of the developed pedagogical technology of constructing the professional identity of students – pre-service foreign language teachers.Methodology and research methods. This study was grounded on the provisions of competency-based, personality-oriented, system-activity, axiological, anthropological approaches; the principles of nature conformity, humanisation, integrity, professional reasonability, activity, and independence; conceptual theoretical provisions of personality and its development in the process of education and professional training, theoretical and practical framework of using modern educational technologies, recent research on professional and pedagogical training of pre-service foreign language teachers and on using innovation technologies in the pedagogical process of vocational training. The study was conducted through the use of the following methods: theoretical analysis of literary sources, generalisation of existing scientific provisions, derivation and systematisation of new knowledge, questionnaire method, observation, experiment, and statistical analysis of the obtained data.Results and scientific novelty. Empirically, the authors have determined and formulated the pedagogical conditions for constructing the professional identity of pre-service foreign language teachers. There has been developed and tested the pedagogical technology that proved its effectiveness in ensuring the formation of students’ professional identity till the status of achievement, the development of three components of professional identity (cognitive, emotional, and behavioural), and the correspondent professional and personal qualities and skills.Practical significance. The materials of the study may form the basis for further advances in scientific investigations and bring advantages in psychological coaching during professional evolution of students and experienced foreign language teachers, who need to resolve difficulties associated with professional identity. The developed course on constructing the professional identity of pre-service foreign language teachers can be put into university educational process as part of training methods courses, student teaching placement, tutorial sessions, extracurricular activities on pedagogical excellence, qualification upgrade courses for experienced teachers and educators, methodical seminars, workshops, round tables, as well as into the process of handling the crisis conditions and professional burnout. This course can be included into the university curriculum as a special discipline to prepare teachers both of foreign language and of other school subjects.

Continuity of Vocational Training in the Regulations of French Manufactories

The article examines the regulation of the terms and process of vocational training in Modern History by the common to French kingdom and separate manufacturing regulations. Their prescriptions are compared with guild traditions, which allows to raise the question of the continuity of ideas and practices, as well as the traditional and new terminology of normative acts. Manufactories set the training duration, which was its main normative characteristic, and, like the guilds, assumed the continuity of this process as an unconditional rule, as well as for professional activity in general, but they could not ignore objective life circumstances and personal conflicts (the death of a master, lack of work, escapes of apprentices, etc.). The author analyzes how the regulations qualified “the absence” or presence of an apprentice and a master in the workshop during training, its duration and consequences.

Organization of Project Activities of Students in the System of Professional Training of Employees of Internal Affairs Bodies

The topic of the study is dictated by the issues of ensuring the quality of advanced training of thinking, competent, capable of self-development specialists. One of the areas of solving these problems is the introduction of project activities into the educational process. In order to develop and implement the project activities of students within the framework of non-audit independent work, a comprehensive study was carried out, based on systemic, complex, activity, personality-oriented approaches, using methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, design, experiment, observation, expert assessments. The object of the study is the process of vocational training of students of educational organizations of higher education. The subject of the study is: project activities as the basis for organizing non-audit independent work of students of higher education organizations. As a result of the study, the author from a methodological point of view describes the project activities of students as a holistic sequential process consisting of a number of stages (pre-project, stage of formulation of the project concept, planning, project implementation, project evaluation, project improvement, project implementation) aimed at solving a specific practically significant problem. The author disclosed the goals, content, means, results of each stage of project activity. The novelty and author's contribution lies in the modification and application of strategic management tools in organizing the project activities of students of higher education organizations. The effectiveness of the solutions presented in the article has been proven experimentally.

Methodology for the formation of transversal competences in students of technological institutes based on projects

Competence development is a contemporary approach to the vocational training process. From this perspective, the objective of the research was to propose a methodology for the formation of transversal professional competences in students of technological institutes, based on projects that support a dynamic for their development based on the systematization of the principle of professional transferability and on the integration between the academic with the labor and investigative aspects from the instruction, education and professional growth unit, was oriented towards a quantitative approach, with a type of pre-experimental investigation. The sample under study was made up of 60 students from the Holguin Institute of Technology. Documentary analysis, systemic approach, observation, pre-pedagogical experiment, and the Chi-Square statistician (X2). After analyzing the data, it was found the existence of favorable impacts in the improvement of these competences in said students, as well as in the productivity and quality of working life of the workers of the companies where they developed the projects, which attest to the novelty. scientific research, concluding that training transversal skills allows articulating the basic and specific knowledge of a profession to solve professional problems with greater integrity, autonomy, professional creativity, quality, efficiency and oriented towards sustainable development.

Personality Trait Changes in Athletic Training Students during Their University Career: Effects of Academic Stress or COVID-19 Pandemic?

Studies about personality traits have shown a link between emotional stability and coaches’ success. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of university education period on the big five personality traits in sports training students according to gender and the type of sports practice chosen for their vocational training process as sport coaches. Method: A total of 146 Sports Training students completed the adapted NEO-FFI reduced version assessment twice: first semester in August 2018 and at the beginning of the eighth semester in February 2022 (COVID-19 pandemic appeared during this period). Results: Comparing the scores obtained for the different personality traits, it was observed that the level of neuroticism increased in the last semester (Mpost = 8.12 vs. Mpre = 5.77), while the level of extroversion (Mpost = 14.40 vs. Mpre = 15.97) and consciousness (Mpost = 18.14 vs. Mpre = 19.18) decreased. On the other hand, female students showed higher scores in kindness (15.90 ± 0.87) than men (13.58 ± 0.56) (p = 0.029) at the end of their academic semester. Finally, analysing sport discipline chosen by students, team sports showed a higher score in trait neuroticism (post = 10.47 ± 1.43 vs. pre = 7.73 ± 1.11, p = 0.047) and lower scores in extroversion (post = 13.33 ± 1.01 vs. pre = 16.27 ± 1.17, p = 0.009) than individual sports at the end of the academic semester. Conclusions: Academic stress during the last semester of their bachelor’s degree, as well as the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic could be factors that influenced students’ personality traits concerning neuroticism, extroversion, and consciousness or responsibility.

Integrating Gender Equity in Vocational Studies to Transform Agricultural Activities Towards Green and Inclusive Businesses

Productive sectors greatly contribute to environmental pollution in Colombia, especially in rural areas. Green businesses emerged as an alternative to reduce such environmental impacts, applying clean technologies that require STEM knowledge. However, the participation of women in environmental STEM careers is still low, particularly those vocationally oriented to eco-efficient agricultural activities. Thus, the research aimed to answer the question: How to integrate gender equity in vocational training processes to transform agricultural activities towards green and inclusive businesses? A vocational institute acted as the unit of analysis for the case study. Interviews, focus groups and surveys were used to collect data on women in two selected training programs. The gender transformative and sustainable production approaches guided the identification of gender barriers and the implementation of strategies to remove them. As a result, female models led trainings and the installation of environmental prototypes, which inspired and developed STEM skills in the female apprentices, and reduced pollution in rural units. Finally, innovative pedagogical processes and gender aspects were introduced in organizational guidelines, seeking the institutionalization of the gender perspective in STEM environmental vocational training programs and fields.

Development of reflective abilities of students – future primary school teachers

Introduction. The problem of the development of reflexive abilities in the process of professional training of a teacher is relevant in view of the formation of the student's subjective position as one of the significant results of learning at a university. Of particular research interest is the study of the influence of the development of professional intelligence on the reflective abilities of students – future elementary school teachers. The purpose of the article is to assess the impact of the process of vocational training on the development of reflective and cognitive abilities of students – future primary school teachers. Materials and methods. The sample of the study consisted of 104 students of the Pedagogical University studying in the field of "Primary Education". Reflective abilities were assessed by the test of reflection of V.D. Shadrikov, S.S. Kurginyan. Intellectual abilities were measured using R. Amthauer intelligence structure test. The data were analyzed by methods of primary descriptive statistics, non-parametric U-Mann-Whitney comparison test, linear and rank correlation methods of r-Pearson and r-Spearman. The results of the study. The partial nature of the development of the parameters of reflection of activity has been established, which is manifested in the fact that different tasks of vocational training require the intensification of individual reflexive abilities. The beginning of vocational training (1st year) is associated with a more intense reflection of motivation and goal setting, which is explained by the need to correlate expectations with the real conditions of study at a university; inclusion in a long and intensive pedagogical practice (3rd year) actualizes the reflection of the subject and subjective conditions of activity, as well as ways to solve pedagogical situations. A contradiction was found between the growth in the level of intellectual abilities during the learning process and the decrease in the reflection of educational and professional activities – about 80% of significant correlations between the parameters of intelligence and reflection are negative. This indicates both the specifics of the professional training of a primary school teacher and the need to reduce the volume of reproductive work in the process of educational and professional activities. Conclusion. The results of the study are of great practical importance for organizing and improving the process of professional training of students – future primary school teachers. The strategy for the formation of reflexive abilities should be non-linear, taking into account not only the individual characteristics of the student, but also the specifics of the tasks solved at different stages of professional training.

Self-Perception of Skills Specific to Professional Development in Physical Education and Sports

The aim of our study was to identify the perception of the role of mentors and mentors in the initial vocational training process (mentoring process). Differences between the amounts of scores obtained in the questionnaire for self-assessment of the perception of specific competencies in physical education and sports (EFS) between the two samples of the preliminary study was 3.09 points, the group of mentors registered 115.17 points, and the group of mentors 118.26 points. The total cumulative value recorded by both samples is between 160-105 points according to the score of the questionnaire, which indicates that both samples have a very good perception of the level of development and manifestation of EFS specific competencies in carrying out initial teaching and training activities. The development and implementation of an effective mentoring process during the initial training period is impetuous and we believe that it will ensure the premises of a teaching career focused on continuous and effective professional development, and implicitly by expanding professional skills specific to physical education and sports.

METHODOLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The article deals with the selection of methodological tools for organizing professional training of specialists. Considered are the modern requirements for the organization of professional training of specialists, as well as the possibilities of existing methodological approaches for their full implementation
 The possibilities of the competence-based approach in the organization of vocational training in connection with the modern trend to define it as the main one for the development of educational standards are revealed.
 Opportunities for correcting certain shortcomings in the organization of professional training of specialists, the solution of which are not provided by the tools of the competence-based approach, have been determined. The article describes the need to use the position of the systematic approach in order to give the system of professional training the properties of a flexible adaptive system, which has the property of being open for external and internal correction.
 The necessity of using the provisions of the technological approach in the process of determining effective combinations of methods and forms of organizing the process of vocational training is revealed. The mechanism of combining the named methodological approaches for organizing professional training based on the use of content-procedural integration of methodological approaches has been determined.

EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING OF PHYSICAL CULTURE TEACHERS FOR ORGANIZATION PUPILS’ INDIVIDUAL WORK

Article outlines methods of introduction of experimental system of vocational training of future physical culture teachers for organization of individual work with pupils. It has been underlined that introduction of the developed system provided for the reasonable selection, structuring and construction of the content of study material in selected disciplines taking into account a purposeful influence on the formation of each component of readiness of future physical culture teachers for organization of individual work with pupils. In the process of research and experimental work it was taking into account that under the selection and structuring of the content of academic disciplines should be understood: strict definition of structure elements that make up the discipline; applying the procedures of optimization for each of these structural elements; establishing and maintaining in optimal state connections and interrelations between elements of the structure of academic discipline in accordance to the integrative criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of its construction. Methodical peculiarities of introduction of the developed system have been outlined. Realization of experimental system of vocational training of future physical culture teachers for organization of individual work with pupils was carried out on the basis of a number of fundamental postulates – principles. Given the complexity and versatility of the process of vocational training of future physical culture teachers for organization of individual work with pupils, principles of research activities have been systematized into some complex. In particular, it was decided to structure the principles into three blocks, each of them regulates the experimental activity or specifies the logic of selection of the essence of certain elements of the author’s pedagogical system.

The main directions of improving the corporate system for the development and training of workers and employees at JSC "Russian Railways"

In 2020 JSC Russian Railways approved the Program for the Development of the Company's Human Capital, a part of which is the improvement and development of the system of professional training and professional development of workers and employees for JSC "Russian Railways". This category of employees is the most numerous in the personnel structure of the company. The level of professional training of workers and employees has a direct impact on the safety and continuity of the transportation process. Therefore, great attention is paid to the training and development of workers and employees.The current state of blue-collar occupations in railway transport and their transformation, taking into account the ongoing digitalization of the main production processes, are considered.Forecasting of further vocational training processes was carried out, taking into account the tasks set in the Long-term Development Program of Russian Railways until 2025.The prerequisites for the creation and the main sections of the program for improving the corporate system for the development and training of workers and employees at Russian Railways are shown.The content of the educational process in training centers is focused on the specifics of working on railway transport. This factor is significant, since training in training centers ensures that the preparedness of workers and employees meets the needs of the company in relation to not only the equipment and technologies studied, but also the development of the corporate culture of work in the industry.

Развитие профессиональной адаптации сотрудников органов внут-ренних дел на этапе профессионального обучения

The article examines the content of professional adaptation of employees of internal affairs bodies, as well as the reasons that complicate their adaptation. Using a systematic approach to the study of professional activity, a number of features of adaptation of employees at the stage of training in the main vocational training programs are revealed. In particular, it emphasizes the importance of studying the formation of a student's own ideas in the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia about the profession of an employee of internal affairs bodies at the early stages of professional development. By them, the article proposes to un-derstand: 1) the very first stage of recruitment (including during the period of the beginning of training in the system of professional training in the main vocational training programs); 2) the process of vocational training (including prior to its completion); 3) completion of vocational training and independent performance of official duties by employees of the internal affairs bodies who have undergone professional training. The article proposes specific ways of creating conditions for professional adaptation of students of vocational training. It is concluded that the study of the indicated issue will strengthen the human resources of the internal affairs bodies, form professionally significant qualities of the employees of the internal affairs bodies, and also increase the efficiency of their activities.

VOCATIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF TOURISM BASED ON PERSONALITY QUALITIES

The current training system for specialists in the field of tourism is oriented towards the continuous change of society and tends to continuously increase the quality of provided services. One of the peculiarities of the specialties in the field of tourism is the impossibility to work within the limits of a narrow specialization, of major importance being the personality characteristics, which ensure maximum efficiency and success in the profession. The aim of the research is the study of the personality and professional qualities necessary for the future specialist in the field of tourism. The research methods applied in the study were: the method of scientific documentation, the questionnaire, the statistical-mathematical method. The main results of the research showed that students appreciate the most for the future profession the higher education in tourism, knowledge of technologies for organizing the tourism industry and the basics of psychology, which reflects the content of the vocational training process at the university. At the same time, the experience in the field is placed on the last positions, which reflects the low number of practical activities (performed only during the internship). Thus, students studying at the specialized faculty are aware of the importance and need for personal and professional qualities for the future professional activity and appreciate the importance of specialized knowledge and professional skills in becoming highly qualified specialists.

Assessment of Online Environment and Digital Footprint Functions in Higher Education Analytics

The article is devoted to learning analytics problems associated with the digital culture development in the university educational space and with the student activity control in the vocational training process. The empirical basis of the study was a series of surveys conducted by the Center for Sociological Research of the Peter the Great Polytechnic University in 2018–2020. To systematize the information on the traces of students’ activity in the digital space, the method of constructing a personal mental map, reflecting the cognitive characteristics of the student’s interactive actions in the network, was used. Because of the analysis of the mental maps, the general structure of the personal digital footprint was identified, which is significant for analytics of the student’s academic history and self-assessment of his activities in professional development. In conclusion, the constructive role of digital technology in assessing and modeling the educational process is emphasized. The study of students’ digital footprints on the university platforms, supplemented by the study of their activity in social networks, allows the development of educational modeling aimed at creating a more adequate set of competencies and soft skills of the graduate.

The categorical framework of the theory of the formation of communicative creativity of university students

The role of communication, the specifics and flow of communication processes and, accordingly, the requirements for their participants, is increasing in modern society and in all spheres of professional activity. In this connection, the problem of the formation of the communicative creativity of students at the stage of professional training at the university is actualized. At present, this aspect of the vocational training of students in technical areas lacks attention both in theory and in the practice of vocational education. The article examines the theoretical foundations of the theory of the formation of the communicative creativity of university students, interpreted as a set of interrelated and interdependent components that represent a certain integrity based on the use of a set of scientific approaches: systemic, participatory and discursive, implemented on the basis of the principles: transformation of cognitive content into emotional, freedom choice of communications, social reinforcement of creative behavior. The scientific approaches considered in the article were the theoretical foundations for the development of the theory of the formation of the communicative creativity of university students. The materials of the article are of practical value for organizing the process of vocational training in the context of the development of the communicative creativity of students.

АНАЛИЗ КРИЗИСА ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ВЫБОРА СТУДЕНТОВ В ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯХ АУТОФИЗКУЛЬТУРНОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the crisis of students' professional choice in terms of autophyscultural competence. It is, proved that autophyscultural competence has a positive effect not only on physical fitness and performance, but also on the mental health of students: stress resistance, morality, the development of volitional qualities, overcoming anxiety states. However, based on the analysis of scientific literature, it was, found that the problem of the crisis of professional choice at the stage of professional training of students based on the use of indicators of autophyscultural competence of students has not, been studied. The purpose of the study: to determine the state of crisis of students' professional choice in terms of autophyscultural competence and to identify ways to prevent and overcome it. As, a result of the study, based on the methodology of professional identity, the levels of manifestation of the crisis of students' professional choice are determined, which are, determined by indicators of autophyscultural competence. The formed autophyscultural competence of students is, characterized by the absence or mild crisis of professional choice. Analysis of the results of the study revealed four areas of prevention and overcoming the crisis of students' professional choice. The results of the study can be, used in the work of teachers of physical education and sports disciplines for psychological and pedagogical support of the process of vocational training of students and the creation of prevention and crisis management professional choice crises.

Organizational and pedagogical conditions for arranging educational practice in the process of vocational training of future managers

This article is dedicated to determination of organizational and pedagogical conditions for arranging educational practice in the process of vocational training of future managers in the university. The relevance of this topic is substantiated by dissatisfaction of the pedagogues, students and employers’ representatives with the results of educational practice. The author compares the international models of management education, and highlights the key differences in the Russian and foreign approaches towards arranging educational practice for the bachelors in management. The author describes the basic organizational and pedagogical conditions for improving the effectiveness of educational activity, implemented in Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia within the framework of the Bachelor’s Program in Management. The novelty of this research consists in the proposal of criteria and indicators for assessing the results of organization of educational practice from the perspective satisfaction of its subjects, as well in elucidation of the key mechanisms for improving the stages of training and conducting educational practice, such as individualization of the process of vocational training of future managers, establishment of long-term relations between the graduate departments and employers’ representatives, continuous improvement of the content and mechanisms of its organization. Practical importance of this work consists in the possibility of application of the selected organizational and pedagogical conditions for arranging educational practice in development and implementation by the institutions of higher education of the basic programs of vocational education for training future specialists; development of  the programs for educational, industrial and other types of practices; as well as creation of the corporate internship programs.