VLDL Levels Research Articles

The correlation between biochemical indicators in COVID-19 patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus in Basra, Iraq.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral illness that leads to the development of acute respiratory syndrome. It exhibits a high level of contagiousness. The aforementioned virus is accountable for an incidence of pneumonia that transpired in early December 2019 in Wuhan, situated in the People's Republic of China. The global pandemic declaration on March 11, 2020, marked a significant turning point in the world's demography, as the virus had tragically claimed the lives of over 5.3 million individuals worldwide. The emergence of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has presented an unparalleled catastrophe, resulting in the loss of many lives via several channels including social, psychological, physical, and economic dimensions. The danger associated with the virus originates from its heightened transmissibility and extensive mutational variability, as well as its impact on several bodily systems including the circulatory, neurological, renal, hepatic, nervous, and endocrine systems. The pathogenesis of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is intricate, and its clinical presentation is diverse, exhibiting various imaging findings that vary based on the severity of the illness and its progression through time. A general statistical comparison was made for the biochemical markers in the patients infected with only Coronavirus and patients infected with Coronavirus and complications of diabetes mellitus compared to the control group according to gender, in order to monitor the role of different biomarkers in causing a disease, with an evaluation of the difference in their levels, and the study aimed to investigate biomarkers and study the relationship between these biomarkers for COVID-19 patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus, to provide a dynamic approach to understanding the disease to diagnosis and follow-up, so as to improve the development of patients' treatment. The study performed a representative sample of (238) participants between the ages (25-80) year, of whom (81) were in a healthy control group, (78) were infected only with Coronavirus, (79) were infected with Coronavirus and had complications of diabetes mellitus, who visited Al-Basra Teaching Hospital and Allmwanei Hospital in Al-Basra province between October 2021 and February 2022. The age average for the study population was (25-80) years. Serum and blood levels of human CBC, ESR, CRP, Ferritin, D-Dimer, IL 6, Albumin, FBS, HbA1c, Troponin, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, LDL, VLDL, Creatinine, Urea, Uric acid and GFR were measured. The results show a highly significant increase in WBcs, ESR, CRP, Ferritin, D-Dimer, IL-6, Creatinine, Urea and Uric acid. , and a highly significant decrease in lymphocyte, albumin, HDL and GFR for patients compared to the control group as a total number and the number of males and females separately, While the results of comparing biochemical markers in the patients infected with Coronavirus and who had a diabetic complication a higher significant increase than patients without diabetic complication. The study of these biomarkers provides a dynamic approach to understanding the disease to diagnosis and follow-up, so as to improve the development of patients' treatment and study the relationship between these biomarkers for COVID-19 patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus.

Diagnostic Value of CRP, H-FABP, PCT, Lp-PLA2 and Cytokines in Stable Angina

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant cause of worldwide mortality and morbidity. This study aims to evaluate the levels of serum H-FABP (fatty acid-binding protein), hs-CRP (high sensitivity- CPR), Lp-PLA2 (lipoprotein PLA2), PCT (procalcitonin) and cytokines, in addition to routinely used diagnostic tests, Troponin I (Trop I), Myoglobin (MYO) and Creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) in patients with stable angina to determine their sensitivity in diagnosing stable angina and facilitating faster decision-making in the emergency unit. The current study was performed on 86 patients complaining stable angina, at Nasiriyah Heart Center from October 2021 to October 2022. Eighty-six, healthy subjects (age-matched) were taken as a control group. Blood samples were collected in the emergency department. Serum levels of hs CRP, H-FABP, CK-MB, Trop I, MYO, Lp-PLA2 and PCT were determined using electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay. Blood sugar and serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and HDL were determined using Cobas C311 photometric assays. Serum IL-6 was determined by using electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay, while, IL-9, IL-1β and TNF-α were assayed by ELISA. The study showed that the level of troponin I didn’t significantly change in patients with stable angina. However, compared with healthy controls, patients showed a significant increase in serum levels of CK-MB, myoglobin, hs-CRP, H-FABP, Lp-PLA2 and PCT. Significantly elevated levels of serum IL-6, IL1β, IL-9 and TNF-α were also recorded in patients with stable angina compared to healthy controls. The results also revealed that patients with stable angina had significantly elevated serum levels of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL with a significant decline of serum HDL compared to healthy controls. We can concluded that, in addition to cTnI, CK-MB and MYO, other biomarkers such as hs-CRP, H-FABP, Lp-PLA2 and PCT are sensitive; and can serve as diagnostic indicators of stable angina pectoris for fast treatment. Furthermore, the detection of inflammatory biomarkers was found to be an additional diagnostic parameter in stable angina.

Ameliorative Effects of Coconut Water on Hematological and Lipid Profiles of Phenylhydrazine-treated Rats.

Anaemia is a widespread health issue affecting young children and pregnant women, characterized by reduced red blood cells or haemoglobin levels. Coconut water, rich in nutrients such as L-arginine, iron, vitamin C, vitamin B6, folic acid and fatty acids, is believed to aid in blood formation (hematopoesis). The study aimed to examine the impact of coconut water on hematological indices and lipid profiles in rats with phenylhydrazine-induced anemia. 30 rats were divided into 5 groups: a normal control, phenylhydrazine untreated, coconut water (0.5ml/kg), iron, and ferrous treated groups. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels were measured using a Hematology Analyzer. Results showed a significant decrease in LDL and TG levels, and an increase in HDL levels in phenylhydrazine induced anemia compared to the control group. Coconut water administration at 0.5ml/kg reduced LDL, VLDL and TG levels, and increased HDL levels in rats with induced anemia. The study found that coconut water had a positive effect on hematological indices, as it increased hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels in rats with induced anemia. These findings suggest that coconut water may have potential therapeutic benefits for individuals with anemia, particularly in lowering lipid levels and improving blood formation. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these effects and to determine the most effective dosage and duration of treatment. Overall, the study highlights the importance of coconut water as a potentially beneficial alternative treatment for anemia.

Effect of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection on Lipid Profile in Iraqi Patients

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is known to target the liver, potentially leading to liver diseases. There's a notable link between dyslipidemia, an anomaly in lipid levels, and HBV infection. This research seeks to delve into the relationship between abnormal lipid profiles and HBV infection. The current study analyzed 90 participants; 50 of whom were patients with chronic HBV infection, and the remaining 40 were healthy individuals serving as the control group. Each participant took part in interviews and contributed blood samples for the analysis of their lipid profiles. The Cobas C 311 Roche System was employed to measure levels of HDL, cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, and VLDL cholesterol, adhering to established lab protocols. The results showed that the HBV patient group had significantly elevated serum cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels when compared to the healthy controls. Conversely, the HDL levels in the patient group were notably lower. Serum VLDL levels did not show any significant variation between the groups. The study identified altered lipid profiles in HBV patients, suggesting increased dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risks. Additional investigation is required to identify the root causes and suggest appropriate solutions.

FEATURES OF THE LIPID PROFILE AND ADIPOSE TISSUE IN PATIENTS WITH CAROTID ARTERY STENOSIS ON THE BACKGROUND OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

HighlightsIntra-abdominal adipose tissue thickness (IAAT) was statistically significantly greater in patients with hypertriglyceridemia compared to patients with normal triglyceride levels. Linear regression analysis confirmed the following findings: the greater the thickness of IAAT and preperitoneal fat thickness (PFT), the higher the levels of triglycerides and very-low-density lipoproteins.AbstractAim. To assess the lipid profile and distribution of adipose tissue (based on ultrasound parameters) and their role in the development of carotid artery stenosis in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods. Ultrasound parameters of adipose tissue in 125 patients, diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD), were studied. The average age of the patients was 68 (61.0; 74.0) years old. The sample was represented predominantly by males (58.4%).Results. It was determined that in patients who did not reach the target levels of triglycerides (TG), the thickness of the IAAT is 15 mm more than in patients with the adequate level of this indicator (p = 0.031). Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) values also exceeded the values ​​in individuals with low HDL levels (p = 0.050), in contrast to patients with normal HDL. Linear regression analysis (after adjusting for gender and age) showed that the increase in IAAT thickness was associated with the increase in TG (b = 0.002, p = 0.028) and VLDL (b = 0.001, p = 0.023). It was also found that only 43.4% of the examined individuals received lipid-lowering therapy, and 17.3% received an adequate dose of statins (reached the target LDL values).Conclusion. No statistically significant patterns were found between the achievement of lipid targets and the presence of carotid stenosis. An extremely low percentage of patients taking adequate lipid-lowering therapy (17.3%) was determined, and the proportion of the people with carotid stenosis who reached the target levels of total cholesterol was 58.4%, TG – 79.3%, HDL – 31.7%, LDL – 12.2%. The thickness of the IAAT is statistically significantly higher in individuals with hypertriglyceridemia, in contrast to patients with normal TG levels. The tendencies towards statistical significance of PFT indicators in individuals with hypertriglyceridemia, minimum and maximum SAT values, depending on the level of HDL, were determined. Linear regression analysis confirmed the data obtained: the higher the thickness of IAAT and PFT, the higher the levels of TG and VLDL.

Profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending family medicine clinic in a rural tribal locality in India.

Diabetes prevalence has been predicted to reach 578 million worldwide in 2030 and is estimated to increase by 51% (700 million) in 2045. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is frequently associated with various cardiovascular (CV) risk factors secondary to associated dyslipidemias and good glycemic control is key for the prevention of long-term CV complications; this study was conducted to assess present glycemic status and lipid profile of the population residing in a rural tribal locality of Jharkhand (India). This cross-sectional study was conducted as a project for Fellowship in diabetes course by the Department of Endocrinology, DEDU, CMC Vellore. Whole blood and sera were analyzed for fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated-hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (CH), triglycerides (TGs), high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and very-low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C). A correlation test of HbA1c with lipid ratios and individual lipid indexes was done. The mean Hb1Ac level was uncontrolled as 7.24 ± 1.80 and, interestingly, was marginally higher [7.31 ± 1.92 Vs 6.92 ± 1.16] in patients with T2DM <5 years as compared to those with T2DM >5 years. Mixed dyslipidemias were common with abnormal TG, LDL, VLDL, HDL, and total CH values. Hb1Ac levels showed a significant positive correlation with serum CH, TG, LDL, and VLDL levels, while a significant negative correlation with HDL levels in the study. Apart from being a reliable indicator of long-term glycemic control, HbA1c can also be used as a surrogate marker of dyslipidemia, and thus early diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia can prevent life-threatening cardiovascular complications that can be particularly useful in resource-poor rural tribal locality settings.

Investigation of the Effect of Actinidia Deliciosa Kiwi Fruit Extracts on the Hematological and Biochemical Blood Parameters of Swiss Male

The kiwi fruit is renowned for its high quantities of minerals, antioxidants, and vitamins as well as for its nutritional worth. The therapeutic qualities of kiwi fruit extract, such as its anti-tumor actions, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidants, have been used in food and medicine. However, further research is required to fully understand the chemical composition and potential health advantages of kiwi fruit extracts. This study extracted kiwi fruit peelings and core into aqueous and alcoholic solutions using conventional and ultrasound-assisted techniques The effects of the extracts on liver enzymes, kidney functions, and blood lipid proteins in Swiss male albino mice was also investigated in a laboratory animal experiment. The findings imply potential advantages for lowering the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases as the treatment with KPa20 from ultrasound-treated kiwi peels produced superior outcomes with reduced enzyme LDL and VLDL levels compared to the control group. The ALT and AST enzyme levels were not significantly changed by kiwi fruit extracts, indicating no negative effects. In the therapy group, the enzyme levels for ALT and AST were (39.20, 36.40) and (33.50, 32.33) international units per litre, respectively. While normal extracts (WP, KC, and KP) had slightly lower urea levels than those given extracts exposed to ultrasonic waves (WPa20, KCa20, and KPa20), the latter were slightly higher. Creatinine levels in the blood were not considerably impacted. The values for the treatment groups’ creatinine were 0.87 (WP), 0.83 (KCa20), 0.90 (KPa20), and 0.93 (KP). The study explored the health benefits of kiwi fruit peels and cores, revealing that Ultrasound technology was used to extract active chemicals, including phenolic compounds. Results showed increased extraction and antioxidant activity in extracts. Both regular and ultrasound-exposed kiwi fruit extracts showed therapeutic effects, decreasing triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, and lipoprotein levels.

Evaluation of Hemotoxic, Hepatotoxic and Nephrotoxic Potential of Profenofos-based Insecticide in Freshwater Labeo rohita Fish at Low Concentrations

Profenofos, an organophosphate, is a major pollutant that pollutes freshwater bodies, causing significant impacts on fish health. Objective: Present study was performed to assess the toxicological impacts of pesticide profenofos on hematological, biochemical and histological alterations in different organs of Labeo rohita. Methods: Fish were divided in three groups. Group one was treated as control while second and third groups were exposed to 0.6 mg/L and 1.2 mg/L profenofos respectively for 28 days. Results: Results revealed that MCV, MCHC, MCH, RDW-SD, PCT, PDW, HGB, RBC and HCT levels were significantly reduced. WBC, RDW, PLT, MPV, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils were increased as compared to pesticide free group. Biochemical results showed significant increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, albumin, A/G ratio, HDL T3, T4, blood glucose, creatinine and urea levels were documented while levels of LDL, VLDL, ALT, total proteins, globulin, TSH and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) decreased significantly in exposed fish. Furthermore, histological changes in kidney, gills and liver of fish showed degenerative effects after exposure to profenofos in both concentrations. Conclusions: The present study concluded that profenofos resulted in widespread toxic effects on aquatic organisms specially fish.

Evaluation of dietary rosemary leaf powder on growth, carcass composition and hemato-biochemical profiles of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) reared in cage system.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) leaf powder (RLP) at 0.0% (control), 0.5%, 1% and 2% as a dietary supplement for eight weeks, on the growth performance, carcass composition and haemato-biochemical parameters. One hundred twenty common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (21.11±0.17g) were randomly distributed to 12 cages (0.2 m3) with three replicates for 56 days. The results showed that RLP-supplemented diets achieved significant enhancement of growth performance (FBW, SGR and WG) and feed utilization (FCR, FCE and PI) compared with a control group. In addition, TFI and PI were significantly improved in 0.5 and 2% RLP-supplemented groups. RLP had no significant effects on body composition except moisture content which was significantly increased in fish fed with a 1% supplemented diet and crude protein which was significantly decreased in fish fed with a 1% supplemented diet compared to the control diet. The results showed a significant increase in RLP-supplemented diets in RBC counts, LYM, MCV, hematocrit, total protein, albumin and globulin compared with the control group. WBC counts significantly increased in fish fed the 0.5 and 2% RLP diets, and hemoglobin significantly elevated in fish fed the 1% RLP diet. Glucose, GRA, MCH, MCHC and MPV were significantly decreased in the group fed the RLP diets compared with the control group. The AST, ALT, LDL, VLDL, CHO and TG levels showed a significant decrease in RLP compared to the control diet (P < 0.05), while ALP level fluctuated (P > 0.05). The urea and creatinine levels were higher in the RLP groups compared with the control (P < 0.05). Dietary RLP 1% increased lipase when compared to the control group. However, amylase levels in fish fed 0.5 and 1% RLP has significantly improved, while fish fed 2% RLP has significantly decreased when compared to the control diet. Overall, the results demonstrated that dietary RLP supplementation enhanced the growth and health status of common carp.

Androgens exacerbate hepatic triglyceride accumulation in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome by downregulating MTTP expression.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disorder, which is closely associated with insulin resistance, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. Patients with PCOS have a significantly higher risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and are associated with hyperandrogenemia (HA). However, the exact mechanism by which HA exacerbates hepatic steatosis in PCOS has not yet been fully elucidated. This work aims to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of androgens on hepatic triglyceride (TG) metabolism in rats with PCOS. Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (6 rats/group): control, high-fat diet (HFD), PCOS, and PCOS + flutamide (Flu). Changes in the estrous cycle, liver and ovarian tissue sections, serum total testosterone, serum and liver biochemical indicators, and key enzymes involved in TG metabolism were studied. Hepatocyte steatosis and TG accumulation were more evident in the PCOS group than in the control and HFD groups. The PCOS group showed apparent increases in the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, TG, free fatty acid, fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Hepatic VLDL and apoB-100 levels decreased in the PCOS group. After Flu was administered to block the actions of androgens, the above abnormalities had been improved. The expression of MTTP was greatly decreased in the PCOS group and significantly increased after Flu administration. Hepatic steatosis in PCOS rats was correlated with HA. Androgens may exacerbate hepatic TG accumulation by downregulating MTTP expression in PCOS.

Unraveling the role of VLDL in the relationship between type 2 diabetes and coronary atherosclerosis: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

The causal link between Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary atherosclerosis has been established through wet lab experiments; however, its analysis with Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data remains unexplored. This study aims to validate this relationship using Mendelian randomization analysis and explore the potential mediation of VLDL in this mechanism. Employing Mendelian randomization analysis, we investigated the causal connection between T2D and coronary atherosclerosis. We utilized GWAS summary statistics from European ancestry cohorts, comprising 23,363 coronary atherosclerosis patients and 195,429 controls, along with 32,469 T2D patients and 183,185 controls. VLDL levels, linked to SNPs, were considered as a potential mediating causal factor that might contribute to coronary atherosclerosis in the presence of T2D. We employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW), Egger regression (MR-Egger), weighted median, and weighted model methods for causal effect estimation. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was conducted to ensure robustness. Our Mendelian randomization analysis demonstrated a genetic association between T2D and an increased coronary atherosclerosis risk, with the IVW estimate at 1.13 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-1.20]. Additionally, we observed a suggestive causal link between T2D and VLDL levels, as evidenced by the IVW estimate of 1.02 (95% CI: 0.98-1.07). Further supporting lipid involvement in coronary atherosclerosis pathogenesis, the IVW-Egger estimate was 1.30 (95% CI: 1.06-1.58). In conclusion, this study highlights the autonomous contributions of T2D and VLDL levels to coronary atherosclerosis development. T2D is linked to a 13.35% elevated risk of coronary atherosclerosis, and within T2D patients, VLDL concentration rises by 2.49%. Notably, each standard deviation increase in VLDL raises the likelihood of heart disease by 29.6%. This underscores the significant role of lipid regulation, particularly VLDL, as a mediating pathway in coronary atherosclerosis progression.

DETECTION OF INSULIN SECRETION AND LIPID PROFILE FOR CHROMIUM-SUPPLEMENTS AGAINST H5 INFLUENZA VACCINATION IN LAYERS

This study was aimed to determine whether chromium (Cr III) supplements have a beneficial effect on the insulin secretion and lipid profile of layers vaccinated against H5 avian influenza (AI). The study included serological parameter by ELISA kit and biochemical parameter for lipid profile test as well as to compare between highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) recombinant (rH5N1) vaccine and classical (cH5N8) vaccine. The study was designed as follow: {G1: given rH5N1 vaccine only; G2: given cH5N8 only; G3: given rH5N1 with Cr III supplement; G4: given cH5N8 with Cr III supplement; G5: given Cr III supplement; G6: is negative control with no vaccination or supplementation}. Levels of insuline at 21 days old there were showed a significant increase in G3 and G5 as compared with another groups. At 42 days old, G3, G4 and G5 revealed the highest levels as compared with another groups. Similarity results for 60 days old groups. The results of lipid profile test at 60 days old showed the lowest level of cholesterol in G5 as compared to another groups and lowest levels of vLDL in G3, G4 and G5. However, there were no significant differences in triglycerides (Tri.Gs), HDL and LDL levels in all groups. In conclusion, Cr III supplementation can improve insulin secretion in layers vaccinated with AI H5 vaccines and it has a positive impact on lipid profile.

Ambient air pollution exposure, plasma metabolomic markers, and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study

BackgroundBoth air pollution (AP) and impaired lipid metabolism contribute to type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, little is known about the detailed associations of AP to lipidomic markers and the specific lipid metabolomic profile that mediates the impact of AP on incident T2D. We aimed to examine the associations between long-term AP exposure, plasma metabolomic markers, and incident T2D, and subsequently determine the lipid metabolomic profile that mediates the relationship between AP and T2D. MethodsThis prospective study included 82,548 participants from the UK Biobank without a history of T2D at baseline. Baseline plasma samples were analyzed using the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomic platform, which measured 168 metabolomic markers, including lipids, lipoprotein subclasses, and other circulating metabolites. Land Use Regression models were utilized to estimate annual average concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2. The associations among AP, metabolomic markers, and T2D were investigated using multivariable linear regressions and Cox proportional hazards models. Mediation analyses were performed to assess the role of each metabolomic marker in the AP-T2D relationship. Furthermore, principal component (PC) analysis was conducted on 168 metabolomic markers to extract metabolic patterns. These patterns were utilized to determine their associations with AP and T2D, as well as their mediating role in the AP-T2D relationship. ResultsWe found that long-term AP exposure was associated with some lipid metabolites, including ApoA1, HDL concentration, HDL size, and lipid components within HDL, especially in very large, large, and medium HDL, as well as some other lipids, fatty acids, amino acids, glucose, and glycoprotein acetyls. In pairwise mediation analysis, these metabolites exhibited significant mediation effects in the AP-T2D relationship. We identified six PCS representing distinct metabolic patterns. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 showed significantly negative associations with PC2 (characterized by high levels of ApoA1, larger HDL, other lipids, and low levels of larger VLDL). PC2 mediated 12.3% and 10.3% of the associations of PM2.5 and NO2 with incident T2D, respectively. ConclusionsThis study revealed the associations of AP with various lipid metabolites. A lipid metabolomic profile characterized by ApoA1 and larger HDL may mediate the association between AP and incident T2D.

Effect of isotretinoin treatment on inflammatory and hematological parameters in patients with acne vulgaris

Purpose Although the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of isotretinoin (ISO) treatment in patients with acne vulgaris have been discussed in the literature in recent years, no sensitive and specific marker has been found in studies so far. Neutrophil/HDL (high-density lipoprotein) (NHR), lymphocyte/HD L(LHR), platelet/HDL (PHR), and lymphocyte/monocyte (LMR) are new biomarkers related to inflammation. Triglyceride/HDL (TG/HDL), LDL/HDL, and total cholesterol/HDL have been shown to be cardiometabolic risk factors predicting both cardiovascular disease risk and metabolic risk, rather than just a simple dyslipidemia scale. To our knowledge, the relationship between these parameters and ISO treatment has never been studied before. We aimed to evaluate the immuno-inflammatory response of ISO treatment in patients with acne vulgaris with NHR, LHR, PHR, LMR, TG/HDL, LDL/HDL, and total cholesterol/HDL parameters. Materials and methods In this study, 153 patients who received oral ISO treatment for at least 3 months with a diagnosis of moderate-severe acne vulgaris were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were given oral isotretinoin at a dose of 0.5–1 mg/kg. Pre and post-treatment leukocyte (WBC), neutrophil (NE), lymphocyte (LY), platelet (PLT), red cell distribution width (RDW), plateletcrit (PCT), neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR), LMR, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, MHR, NHR, LHR, PHR, TG/HDL, total cholesterol/HDL, LDL/HDL parameters were evaluated. Results It was found that post-treatment WBC and MPV values increased statistically significantly; NLR, neutrophil, and PCT values, on the other hand, decreased significantly (p < 0.05). No statistically significant change was detected in PLR, MLR, LMR, MHR, NHR, LHR, PHR, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet, and RDW parameters (p > 0.05). It was determined that post-treatment total cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL, and LDL levels increased statistically significantly; however, the HDL level decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Levels of total cholesterol/HDL, TG/HDL, and LDL/HDL were also found to increase statistically significantly (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our study suggests that the MPV and NLR ratio as biomarkers can be used as indicators of atherosclerosis-related inflammation due to ISO treatment, but the MHR, NHR, LHR, PHR, MLR, LMR ratios cannot be used. Moreover, we believe that the ratios of TG/HDL, LDL/HDL, and total cholesterol/HDL offer a new contribution as indicators of cardiovascular risk and systemic inflammation related to ISO treatment.

Lipid and nutritional profiles of Caribbean patients with chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is marked by the deterioration of kidney function and derangement in lipid metabolism. Thus, we aim at evaluating the lipid and nutritional parameters of Caribbean patients with CKD. The study recruited 88 CKD patients and 105 apparently healthy subjects. Blood glucose, urea, creatinine, albumin, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, VLDL, and LDL were measured in duplicate on the Vitros 4600 Multi-Channel Chemistry Auto-Analyzer (Johnson & Johnson Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics Inc., Rochester NY, USA) in our laboratory. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 20) was used for statistical analysis. Mean levels of diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05), age, and systolic blood pressure between the patients and the healthy controls (p < 0.001) were different. In addition, mean levels of BUN (p < 0.05), serum creatinine, and uric acid were higher and eGFR lower in the patients compared with the healthy controls (p < 0.001). The mean levels of albumin, glucose, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and VLDL (p < 0.001) also differed between patients and healthy controls. Negative correlation between eGFR and triglycerides and a positive correlation between eGFR and total cholesterol, HDL-c and LDL were observed. The prevalence of hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia and underweight were 27.27%, 57.95% and 4.55% respectively in patients, compared with 10.48%, 44.74% and 2.86% respectively in healthy controls. Dyslipidemia is common in CKD patients and is therefore, imperative that, routine lipid profile analysis be detailed in order to check any trend towards the development of CVD.

İntrahepatik Gebelik Kolestazında Plazma Lipid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Objective: To investigate the total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, and HDL levels of pregnant women diagnosed with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and to examine the association with disease severity.&#x0D; Material and Method: A total of 80 pregnant women, 40 of whom were diagnosed with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and 40 age-matched controls, were prospectively enrolled in this study. Lipid levels were compared among the case and controls, and their association with disease severity was analyzed. Birth weight, birth week, and neonatal outcomes were studied.&#x0D; Results: LDL and VLDL were significantly higher, and HDL levels were lower in the intrahepatic cholestasis of the pregnancy group than in the healthy pregnancies (p

Gender-dependent multiple cross-phenotype association of interferon lambda genetic variants with peripheral blood profiles in healthy individuals.

Type III interferons (IFN), also called as lambda IFNs (IFN-λs), are antiviral and immunomodulatory cytokines that are evolutionarily important in humans. Given their central roles in innate immunity, they could be influencing other aspects of human biology. This study aimed to examine the association of genetic variants that control the expression and/or activity of IFN-λ3 and IFN-λ4 with multiple phenotypes in blood profiles of healthy individuals. In a cohort of about 550 self-declared healthy individuals, after applying several exclusion criteria to determine their health status, we measured 30 blood parameters, including cellular, biochemical, and metabolic profiles. We genotyped them at rs12979860 and rs28416813 using competitive allele-specific PCR assays and tested their association with the blood profiles under dominant and recessive models for the minor allele. IFN-λ4 variants rs368234815 and rs117648444 were also genotyped or inferred. We saw no association in the combined cohort under either of the models for any of the phenotypes. When we stratified the cohort based on gender, we saw a significant association only in males with monocyte (p = 1 × 10-3 ) and SGOT (p = 7 × 10-3 ) levels under the dominant model and with uric acid levels (p = 0.01) under the recessive model. When we tested the IFN-λ4 activity modifying variant within groupings based on absence or presence of one or two copies of IFN-λ4 and on different activity levels of IFN-λ4, we found significant (p < 0.05) association with several phenotypes like monocyte, triglyceride, VLDL, ALP, and uric acid levels, only in males. All the above significant associations did not show any confounding when we tested for the same with up to ten different demographic and lifestyle variables. These results show that lambda interferons can have pleiotropic effects. However, gender seems to be an effect modifier, with males being more sensitive than females to the effect.

Assessment of Blood Lipids in People with Chronic Hypertensive

High blood pressure remains one of the world’s leading health problems. High blood pressure is already manageable, and early detection can prevent complications by using therapy or changing lifestyle to healthy habits. High blood pressure and dyslipidemia are two of the main hazard factors for cardiovascular disease. The current study was conducted on 60 male and female samples aged 35 to 70 years, which divided the samples into three groups each group including 20 samples. The first group are healthy people who don’t have high blood pressure or chronic diseases (control group), the second group of patients with chronic hypertension without treatment but follow lifestyle modification, and the third group of patients with chronic hypertension with treatment the active substance hydrochlorothiazide and Losartan potassium, The regulated questionnaire information was recorded for all members of the sample and was measured the lipid profile test of triglycerides, cholesterol, lipoprotein (HDL, VLDL, LDL) in serum, atherogenic index plasma, body mass index (BMI), waistline. Levels of triglycerides and cholesterol were a non-significant increase in group of patients hypertensive without treatment and a significant increase in group of patients hypertensive with treatment than the control group. The results of lipoproteins showed non-significant differences than the control group while there was a significant increase in the VLDL level of group patients hypertensive with treatment than the control group. The results also indicated non-significant differences in the groups of atherogenic index plasma, body mass index and waistline measurement except for group of patients hypertensive without treatment that showed a significant increase in BMI than control group.

Evaluation of antihyperlipidemic potential of aqueous corm extract of Colocasia esculenta in experimental model of rats

IntroductionHyperlipidaemia is characterised by elevated or abnormally high levels of lipids and/or lipoproteins in the blood. The current medication for hyperlipidaemia only alleviates symptoms temporarily and is not without any unfavorable side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find innovative medications from the plant kingdom that could provide a therapeutic solution that is both affordable and free of unfavorable side effects. We conducted an experiment to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic properties of an aqueous corm extract (CE) using acute hyperlipidaemia models. MethodsFor our experiment, we employed 60 Wistar rats of both sex, which were divided into five separate groups (n = 6 each) for each model. Poloxamer-407 (P-407) and d-fructose were used to induce hyperlipidemic activity in the rats, and the standard used was fenofibrate (250 mg/kg p.o.). For a period of 15 days for P-407 and 21 days for d-fructose, our study assessed the efficacy of an aqueous corm extract at dosages of 200 and 300 mg/kg (p.o.). Hyperlipidemic activity was assessed using a variety of parameters. The histopathology of rat liver was also estimated. ResultsThe corm extract treatment led to a notable decrease in the cholesterol, and triglycerides in the elevated lipid levels that were induced by P-407 and d- fructose. The extract also showed a significant decrease in the LDL and VLDL levels. ConclusionOur study indicates that the CE has the potential as an antihyperlipidemic agent, possibly due to its ability to inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol, and facilitate the catabolism and excretion of the other lipids. The CE is rich in nutrients and phytochemicals like flavonoids and saponins, which may contribute to its hypolipidemic effect.

Evaluation of Physico-Phytochemical Parameters of Holarrhena Pubescens Wall.Ex G. Don. (Kutaja) Seed and Bark and Their Effect in Obesity Associated Hyperlipidemia

Obesity-related Hyperlipidemia is a major health concern due to its strong association with a number of diseases like diabetes, ischemic heart disease,and renal disease. The safe treatment of Hyperlipidemia thus becomes the need of the hour. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacognostic, physicochemical,with phytochemical properties of Holarrhenapubescens Wall.ex G. Don. (Kutaja) seed and bark. The pharmacognostic, physicochemical, and phytochemical evaluationof collected samples of H. pubescens seeds and bark was performed and was found to be as per API norms. Furthermore, to evaluate and compare their efficacyin the treatment of Hyperlipidemia. - Forty subjects were randomly allocated to two groups according to the plant part administered to them and was observedfor 90 days. The assessment was done on the basis of subjective parameters (Laziness, heaviness of body, Shortness of breath, and sleepiness) and objectiveparameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, VLDL, and total Cholesterol to HDL ratio) before and after the treatment duration. - Significant decreasein the subjective parameters was recorded, and similarly, a significant decrease in the levels of total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, and total Cholesterol to HDL ratiowas observed for both the seed and the bark of Kutaja – The therapeutic effect of both the parts i.e. Kutaja seeds and bark were found at par in controllingHyperlipidemia and thus proved their definite role in ameliorating Medodustii.e. deranged lipid metabolism common in Obesity.– Both seeds and bark can be utilizedseparately and also in place of one another in cases of Obesity associated Hyperlipidemia.