Spatial Data Visualization Research Articles

Digital Twins of Smart Cities: Spatial Data Visualization Tools, Monitoring and Sensing Technologies, and Virtual Simulation Modeling

Digital Twins of Smart Cities: Spatial Data Visualization Tools, Monitoring and Sensing Technologies, and Virtual Simulation Modeling

The Geopolitics of Internet of Things-based Smart City Environments: Digital Twin and Image Recognition Technologies, Virtual Simulation and Spatial Data Visualization Tools, and Deep and Machine Learning Algorithms

The Geopolitics of Internet of Things-based Smart City Environments: Digital Twin and Image Recognition Technologies, Virtual Simulation and Spatial Data Visualization Tools, and Deep and Machine Learning Algorithms

Spatial Analysis of Gastronomic Facilities in Urban Area of Zadar – a GIS Approach

Urban settlement’s gastronomy is a very common topic in the context of tourist supply and demand, and an important factor for gastronomic identity and attractiveness of tourist destinations. Some recent studies show that there is research gap in spatial analysis of settlement’s gastronomic facilities. The main aim of this work is spatial analysis of gastronomic facilities in urban area of the city of Zadar based on GIS technology and application of accessibility, distribution and population densities criteria. A methodology for this work is divided into four topical phases inclusive of spatial data collection, processing, analysis and visualisation. Based on performed GIS analyses it has been found that spatial distribution of Zadar’s gastronomic facilities supply is satisfactory. More then ¾ of Zadar’s residents live within 5 minutes walking distance from the closest gastromic facility. Also, a distribution of gastro facilities in general, and restaurants and take aways in particular is not dependant on housing locations, but rather on location of places of work or tourist land marks. Proposed methodology serves as starting point in developing a theoretical concept of gastro-city.

Digital Humanities in Academic Library: Creating Narratives through Spatial Data

A growing trend in digital humanities has been digital scholarship and the emphasis on usage of digital tools and methods in research, teaching, and publishing. Academic libraries as laboratories for humanities scholars (Christine Borgman) need to keep up with these changes. Digital humanities (DH) have become an important area of librarianship and demand for librarians with skills and expertise in metadata creation and control, digital repository management, information organization, intellectual property rights management, research data preservation, and visualization has been on the rise. This paper focuses on the English-language literature presenting visualization of spatial and temporal data in DH projects through rich narratives involving text, interactive maps, and map-enabled spatial data services. Using the examples of digital mapping projects developed and implemented in a large academic library, the article shows a case of big academic library on how spatial and temporal data visualization can be employed to tell stories, promote, and inform about cartographic resources of relevance to DH scholars, and provide self-help tools to empower users.

Water shortage and water management balance in the Republic of Crimea: current values and forecast for 2030

The paper analyzes the modern water management balance of the Republic of Crimea in the context of administrative and territorial units. The possibility of using the ArcGIS 10.4 software package for visualization of spatial statistical data that characterize the water balance is shown. The forecast values of the water balance of the Republic of Crimea for 2030 are given. Maps of the current water management balance for the administrative-territorial units of the Republic of Crimea for the current period and for 2030 based on statistical observations have been constructed. It has been established that the territory of the Republic of Crimea is extremely water-deficient and only in certain administrative-territorial units a positive water balance is observed (Bakhchisarai and Belogorsk regions of the Republic of Crimea, Sudak urban district, Alushta urban district and Yalta urban district). At the same time, according to forecasts, by 2030 it will be possible to significantly reduce the water deficit, but a number of regions of the Republic of Crimea will still have a negative water balance.

Stakeholder experiences of using online spatial data visualisation tools for local public health decision support: A qualitative study.

The distribution of food outlets within towns and cities and the provision of active travel infrastructure have been associated with health behaviours that can contribute to obesity risk. Decision-makers describe a lack of local data and research evidence as a barrier to policy adoption to improve the public's health. Online spatial data visualisation tools created by researchers can help to bridge this gap. We explored stakeholder experiences of using such tools for decision-support, with a focus on facilitators and barriers to use. We conducted 16 qualitative interviews with Public Health, Planning and Transport Planning professionals, who had used two recently-developed tools. Participants described the importance of tools being open access; their use in “story-telling”, particularly to non-experts; and more broadly their use even when imperfect. They expressed that ‘robustness’ of underpinning data was important, however this was not easily defined. Participants employed personal heuristics, principally based on endorsement and developer credibility, to determine suitability for use. We present key learning points for future developers to maximise engagement and impact.

The DiscoverFramework freeware toolkit for multivariate spatio-temporal environmental data visualization and evaluation

The freeware DiscoverFramework provides new tools to build spatial and temporal data visualization applications accessible to stakeholders, policy makers, scientists, and educators. By focusing on environmental data and supporting applications accessible via laptops, tablets, and cell phones, the DiscoverFramework can be used to increase public awareness and inspire responsible use of complex environmental systems upon which human society depends. DiscoverFramework enables computer-savvy domain scientists to develop interactive applications using “Elements” and workflows defined to make visualization easy and address common problems such as spatio-temporal scales and user engagement. Two applications are used to demonstrate DiscoverFramework: DiscoverWater and DiscoverHABs. DiscoverWater uses Map, Chart, and Text Elements to relate streamflow changes to groundwater withdrawals. DiscoverHABs uses the Scenario Element to aid stakeholders, such as resource managers and users, struggling to identify when and where harmful algal blooms (HABs) are likely given that causal relations in these systems remain poorly understood.

IMPROVEMENT OF AN INFORMATION AND METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FOR URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

The development of modern geoinformation and computer technologies has significantly expanded the list of collected data on environmental conditions, in particular, in urban areas. At the same time, the application of digital mapping and three-dimensional modeling techniques in research practice laid the foundation for the development of new tools for the analysis and visualization of spatial data on urban environmental conditions. This paper presents a case study involving mapping and three-dimensional cartographic modeling of environmental conditions in Novosibirsk, a large industrial center of Russia. The photogrammetric sources and technologies used to collect initial data are described. It has been confirmed that the joint use of vertical and oblique photography from unmanned aerial vehicles is the most promising optimal method for collecting geospatial data on the man-made urban environment. The structure of the database obtained by processing images has been presented. A highly detailed digital terrain model of the city has been developed, and its comprehensive morphometric analysis has been carried out to study the pollutant transport over the urban area. Cartographic visualization has been performed to establish the influence of natural flow systems on the formation of environmental risk zones in the urban area, and a fragment of the developed three-dimensional cartographic model is presented. It is concluded that the representation of urban geospace as a single three-dimensional structure composed of natural and man-made objects and features holds promise for improving the detail and reliability of the results of environmental monitoring of urban systems and urban environmental control.

On the exploitation of GPS-based data for real-time visualisation of pedestrian dynamics in open environments

ABSTRACT Over the past few years, real-time visualisation of pedestrian dynamics has become more crucial to successfully organise and monitor open-crowded events. However, the process of collecting, efficiently handling and visualising a large volume of pedestrians' dynamic data in real time is challenging. This challenge becomes even more pronounced when pedestrians move in large-size, high-density, open and complex environments. In this article, we propose an efficient and accurate approach to acquire, process and visualise pedestrians' dynamic behaviour in real time. Our goal in this context is to produce GPS-based heat maps that assist event organisers as well as visitors in dynamically finding crowded spots using their smartphone devices. To validate our proposal, we have developed a prototype system for experimentally evaluating the quality of the proposed solution using real-world and simulation-based experimental datasets. The first phase of experiments was conducted in an open area with 37,000 square meters in Palestine. In the second phase, we have carried out a simulation for 5000 pedestrians to quantify the level of efficiency of the proposed system. We have utilised PHP scripting language to generate a larger-scale sample of randomly moving pedestrians across the same open area. A comparison with two well-known Web-based spatial data visualisation systems was conducted in the third phase. Findings indicate that the proposed approach can collect pedestrian's GPS-based trajectory information within 4 m horizontal accuracy in real time. The system demonstrated high efficiency in processing, storing, retrieving and visualising pedestrians' motion data (in the form of heat maps) in real time.

Giotto: a toolbox for integrative analysis and visualization of spatial expression data

Spatial transcriptomic and proteomic technologies have provided new opportunities to investigate cells in their native microenvironment. Here we present Giotto, a comprehensive and open-source toolbox for spatial data analysis and visualization. The analysis module provides end-to-end analysis by implementing a wide range of algorithms for characterizing tissue composition, spatial expression patterns, and cellular interactions. Furthermore, single-cell RNAseq data can be integrated for spatial cell-type enrichment analysis. The visualization module allows users to interactively visualize analysis outputs and imaging features. To demonstrate its general applicability, we apply Giotto to a wide range of datasets encompassing diverse technologies and platforms.

Веб-картографирование ресурсов солнечной энергии Якутии

It is cost effective and environmentally rational to develop renewable energy source in sthe territories of decentralized energy supply, since it allows replacing diesel power generation. Yakutia has a high potential for the development of solar energy and 64 % of its area is in the zone of decentralized energy supply. The features of web mapping—interactivity, multiscale and availability—are useful for assessment of big multi-temporal data on solar resources at the regional scale. Web mapping shows one parameter for Yakutia—all sky insolation incident on a horizontal surface per day per square meter. The parameter is used to assess the potential of solar energy resources in the territory. Initial data comes from the Surface meteorology and Solar Energy archive of the NASA Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resource—SSE NASA POWER project. It includes monthly and annual average global grids for each year from 1984 to 2018. The web application allows users to map the data by grid points, by administrative units and by watersheds. Users can interactively set a period with an accuracy of a month and a territorial division for drawing up a map. The web-based mapping application allows users to create about 50,000 web maps in total. The number based on query combinations available to the user. A large amount of data used for web mapping requires the development of an information system for the dynamic delivery of data at the user’s request. Data preprocessing algorithm helps efficiently aggregate data “on-the-fly” for various territorial units. The DeckGL cartographic library gives high-performance visualization of big spatial data in the browser. We use PostgreSQL and Flask software to develop the information system. Web mapping is useful for the assessment of solar energy resources specifically at the regional level. Interactive tools provided by the web-based mapping applications deepen the analytical content of the cartographic work. There are notable changes in the data preparation through the design of web-based mapping applications in comparison with regular maps.

Integration of knowledge, visualization and dissemination of spatio-temporal data through geoportal systems

The article describes the basic requirements for the integration of knowledge, visualization and dissemination of spatio-temporal data through geoportal systems. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of the designed geoportal interfaces is carried out. It was shown that the main advantages of geoportals are considered the absence of the need for additional use of special programs, access at any time from any location, the ability to integrate with third-party websites, etc. The proposed structure of the platform solution is determined by the hypothesis that in order to optimize the storage processes and practical use of spatial data, a project-oriented spatial data infrastructures (SDIs) should contain loosely coupled and strongly connected storage subsystems, analysis and synthesis, as well as visualization and dissemination of spatial data; external objects in relation to SDI should be key actors, as well as external consumers and third-party providers of spatial data and information. Geoportal systems are the external part of the SDI and are used to disseminate and visualize the accumulated geospatial information and analysis results during design work. Solving the main issues of creating the infrastructure of geoportals makes it possible to create a successful strategy for the sustainable development of regions.

АНАЛИЗ СОСТОЯНИЯ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫХ ДАННЫХ

The growth of information technology has led to a significant expansion of the possibilities for storing, processing and presenting spatial data. This gave a new round of development to such a direction of cartography and geoinformatics as geovisualization. Interactivity and dynamics have become the main distinguishing features of modern maps, especially in the field of cartographic design, which now extend to the problems of human-computer interaction to ensure more successful analysis of geodata and the development of spatial solutions. The article examines the existing definitions of geovisualization and proposes its own version. The scheme and features of individual stages of geovisualization creation are considered. Typical tasks that need to be solved to create high-quality visualization of spatial data are formulated and their systematization is performed. On the basis of the mentioned above tasks and their specificity, the most promising areas of research in the field of geovisualization were identified.

공간 빅데이터의 가시화를 위한 샘플링 방안 연구

공간 빅데이터의 가시화를 위한 샘플링 방안 연구

Exhibiting of geospatial attribute data using popup template Java-script application programming interface

<p>Arc-GIS server is used in creating web, desktop, mobile applications. Arc-GIS for server provides end user applications and services for spatial data management, visualization and spatial analysis. The proposed work deals with exhibiting of geo-spatial attribute data using the facility of Java script application programme interfaces (API’s) from Arc-GIS server. Popup-layout API reference is utilized in the work and furthermore two of its properties are utilized relying upon the need of the work. All the programming interfaces have their advantages for encouraging clients work to connect with the geo-spatial information. Keen web maps make an extraordinary method of envisioning complex data. They assist with beating up apparently disconnected data, uncover concealed examples, mine enormous datasets. Information can be composed on the work area, sent to the cloud, and shared utilizing Arc-GIS server on the web.</p>

HiVision: Rapid visualization of large-scale spatial vector data

Rapid visualization of large-scale spatial vector data is a long-standing challenge in Geographic Information Science. In existing methods, the computation overheads grow rapidly with data volumes, leading to the incapability of providing real-time visualization for large-scale spatial vector data, even with parallel acceleration technologies. To fill the gap, we present HiVision, a display-driven visualization model for large-scale spatial vector data. Different from traditional data-driven methods, the computing units in HiVision are pixels rather than spatial objects to achieve real-time performance, and efficient spatial-index-based strategies are introduced to estimate the topological relationships between pixels and spatial objects. HiVision can maintain exceedingly good performance regardless of the data volume due to the stable pixel number for display. In addition, an optimized parallel computing architecture is proposed in HiVision to ensure the ability of real-time visualization. Experiments show that our approach outperforms traditional methods in rendering speed and visual effects while dealing with large-scale spatial vector data, and can provide interactive visualization of datasets with billion-scale points/segments/edges in real-time with flexible rendering styles. The HiVision code is open-sourced at https://github.com/MemoryMmy/HiVision with an online demonstration.

GIS research to address tensions in geography

The rise of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technologies has been producing powerful tools for spatial data processing, management, analysis, modeling, and visualization. While supporting many tasks, GIS technologies have evoked new thinking and advanced intellectual inquiries in geography. Technological advances in other fields often stimulate new research questions and lead to revolutionary discoveries. The Hubble telescope revolutionizes our understanding of the universe, and 3D digital microscopes transform our knowledge of the coordination among biological, neurological, and physiological systems in living organisms. Can GIS claim similar revolutionary effects on geography? The answer is much up for debate. With GIS technologies, geographic studies can explore a broader extent across multiple scales in space and time and tackle problems through increasingly complex spatial statistics, visual analytics, computation, simulation, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. Both the Hubble telescope and 3D digital microscope were built based on scientific research that subserves the technological advances for inquiries into space and life systems. Likewise, GIScience research innovates GIS methods that enable novel geographic investigations and therefore contribute to geographic knowledge production. For the sake of simplicity, the term GIS used here represents both GIScience and GIS technologies. This essay attempts to clarify the intellectual contributions of GIS to geography on the following two questions: (1) What novel geographic thinking is driven by GIS? (2) How may GIS provoke new geographic inquiries and knowledge? Building on Nystuen's notion of four tensions that trigger geographic questions, the essay discusses how GIS innovations mediate historical tension, space‐time tension, dimensional tension and scale tensions.

An Overview about Research on 3D Visualization Technology of Geographic Information Based on Computer Software Development

Geographic Information System (GIS) is an important system of three-dimensional (3D) real-time interactive visualization platform. 3D visualization technology is to display the information to be expressed by a visual effect. The introduction of 3D visualization technology into GIS is a reform of the form of information expression, which can solve the limitation of using graphic symbols to express the 3D space world on a 2D plane. However, most of the visualizations in GIS focus on the 3D terrain visualization based on the surface model, which does not involve the volume visualization of spatial volume data. An overview about visualization technology for geographic information based on computer software is given here, to encourage further development.

Retracted: VR Technology and the Theoretical Model and Method of Road Network Traffic State Information Accident Prediction and Perception under the Environment of Internet of Vehicles

With the rapid increase in the number of private cars and buses in the country, the living standard has gradually improved, and vehicles as a means of transportation commonly used by people have caused more traffic accidents. The present study mainly discusses the theoretical models and methods of VR technology and road network traffic status information accident prediction perception on the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) environment. Use of VR technology to simulate the experimental environment. The main techniques of VR real-time rendering are the visualization and roaming of large-area spatial data and the simulation of things that currently exist in computer vision simulation methods. Use VR technology to simulate ordinary highways, and use VR technology to simulate six sets of virtual cars. Use the real-time positioning function and data transmission function of the IoV technology to systematically collect driving data in the VR environment and advance collisions in advance to perceive and control the speed of the cars. Experimental data shows that when the time level is 2, the brake response sensitivity in the data is 88.9%, and the brake sensitivity value is relatively high. When the distance level is 1, the car safety factor value is 97.5%, and the data value is the highest. The research results show that when the time level is 2, the brake sensitivity value is relatively high, indicating that the VR technology and the traffic network information environment accident prediction effect on the Internet of Vehicles environment are better. When the distance level is 1, the performance of road network traffic status information accident perception based on VR technology and IoV environment is the best. Through the real-time sharing of the image recognition performance of VR technology and the geographic location of the Internet of Vehicles technology, the real-time prediction and perception of road network traffic status information accidents can minimize the chances of accidents.

The cartographic visualisation of spatial data. An example of nature protection areas in the Podlaskie Voivodship (north-eastern Poland)

Abstract The authors attempt to visualise nature conservation issues in the Podlaskie Voivodship using a series of small-scale thematic maps. Publicly available spatial and statistical data was used. The authors discuss the effects of applying the adopted methodological solutions. Some of them present a new approach to cartographic visualisation of spatial data. It may be an opportunity to look at various visualisation methods, their effectiveness, and the possibility of visualising nature issues on small-scale thematic maps.