Visual Heatmap Research Articles

Analytical Systems in the Assessment of Library Web Sites

The article considers web representations of libraries as important modern information channels through which the libraries operate in the virtual space. The author provides conceptual rationale for improving the operational efficiency of the current level of library web sites based on the data analysis of modern web analytics systems. The article studies the analytical potential of tools for optimizing web resources in the information environment, substantiates scientific and applied interest in the methods of assessment of library web site using the capabilities of analytical systems, analysed from three angles: evaluation of web resources by means of key indicators, assessment of goal achievement and evaluation by means of visual analytical maps. To solve the set tasks there were used analytical tools: Google Analytics, Yandex.Metrics. The author carried out the study to determine the goal achievement and relevance of the web site sections using the example of the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GPNTB SB RAS) web site. To assess the efficiency of library web resources, it is important not only to obtain statistical data from analytical tools, but also to interpret them correctly. The article presents an attempt of qualitative assessment of some key performance indicators. Collection and analysis of webometric indicators of analytical tools are of practical value, being an impetus to action — reorganization of library web resources. Based on the data analysis of Yandex.Metrics visual heat maps, the corresponding changes have been made to the web site menu. The author conducted comparative analysis of the web site traffic data before and after the changes made. The study concluded that the use of modern analytical tools in the web site management has positive dynamics for its development on the web environment. The results of the use of modern analytical tools for evaluation of library sites demonstrate the importance of their use in analysis of the efficiency of library in the virtual space, which, in turn, will have a positive impact on improving the image and competitiveness in the information and library sphere as a whole.

A systematic map of evidence on the contribution of forests to poverty alleviation

BackgroundForests provide an essential resource to the livelihoods of an estimated 20% of the global population. The contribution of forest ecosystems and forest-based resources to poverty reduction is increasingly emphasized in international policy discourse and conservation and development investments. However, evidence measuring the effect of forest-based activities on poverty outcomes remains scattered and unclear. Lack of systematic understanding of forest-poverty relationships, in turn, inhibits research, policymaking, and efficient financial resource allocation.MethodsTo identify relevant studies for inclusion in this systematic map we searched six bibliographic databases, 15 organizational websites, eight systematic evidence syntheses (reviews and maps), and solicited information from key informants. Search results were screened for relevance against predefined inclusion criteria at title, abstract, and full text levels, according to a published protocol. Included articles were coded using a predefined framework. Trends in the evidence, knowledge gaps and relatively well-researched sub-topics are reported in a narrative synthesis. Occurrence and extent of existing evidence about links between interventions and outcomes are presented in a visual heatmap. Data are available through the open access Evidence for Nature and People Data Portal (http://www.natureandpeopleevidence.org).ResultsA total of 242 articles were included in the systematic map database. Included articles measured effects of 14 forest-based intervention types on 11 poverty dimensions. The majority of the evidence base (72%) examined links between productivity-enhancement strategies (e.g. forest management, agroforestry, and habitat management) and monetary income and/or social capital outcomes. Other areas with high occurrence of articles include linkages between interventions involving governance, individual rights/empowerment or linked enterprises/livelihood alternatives with impacts on monetary income from direct sale of goods. A key knowledge gap was on the impacts of investment-based interventions (i.e. enhancing produced, human, and social capitals). Another was the impacts of forest-based interventions on financial capital (savings, debt), non-monetary benefits, and health.ConclusionsThe evidence base on forest-based productive activities and poverty alleviation is growing but displays a number of biases in the distribution of articles on key linkages. Priorities for future systematic reviews and evaluations include in-depth examinations into the impacts of rights-based activities (e.g. governance, empowerment) on poverty dimensions; and productivity-enhancing activities on social capital. More comprehensive and robust evidence is needed to better understand the synergies and trade-offs among the different objectives of forest conservation and management and variation in outcomes for different social groups in different social-ecological contexts.

SonoEyeNet: Standardized Fetal Ultrasound Plane Detection Informed by Eye Tracking.

We present a novel automated approach for detection of standardized abdominal circumference (AC) planes in fetal ultrasound built in a convolutional neural network (CNN) framework, called SonoEyeNet, that utilizes eye movement data of a sonographer in automatic interpretation. Eye movement data was collected from experienced sonographers as they identified an AC plane in fetal ultrasound video clips. A visual heatmap was generated from the eye movements for each video frame. A CNN model was built using ultrasound frames and their corresponding visual heatmaps. Different methods of processing visual heatmaps and their fusion with image feature maps were investigated. We show that with the assistance of human visual fixation information, the precision, recall and F1-score of AC plane detection was increased to 96.5%, 99.0% and 97.8% respectively, compared to 73.6%, 74.1% and 73.8% without using eye fixation information.

Integrated toxicogenomics analysis with Toxygates for inferring molecular mechanisms

Assessment of the safety of drug candidates in early research and development (R&D) stage holds the key to the successful drug development. Toxicogenomics is one of the promising approaches using omics techniques since a number of ‘omics databases is rapidly growing. Although many of these databases are open to the public, there remain some barriers for biologists regardless of their bioinformatics skills. Toxygates was originally developed as a user-friendly interface for Open TG-GATEs, which is one of the largest and most widely used toxicogenomics databases. Since the original Toxygates was developed to enable users to display the gene expression values obtained by selected compounds or experimental conditions for genes of interest, there were some limitations as an analytical platform. To overcome this situation, significant improvements have been added and finally, a new version of Toxygates allows users to analyze the data such as creating heatmap for visualization of gene expression profile, performing hierarchical clustering and creating a dendrogram with interactive display, performing several types of enrichment analysis such as gene ontology and pathways and uploading user data for further analysis. As a case study, we used Toxygates to successfully find novel insights that the hepatotoxicity caused by well-studied PPARα agonist WY-14643 may include the disruption of intracellular calcium dynamics and imbalance between PPARα signaling and Wnt signaling.

Visualizing System Latency

When I/O latency is presented as a visual heat map, some intriguing and beautiful patterns can emerge. These patterns provide insight into how a system is actually performing and what kinds of latency end-user applications experience. Many characteristics seen in these patterns are still not understood, but so far their analysis is revealing systemic behaviors that were previously unknown.

VisHiC--hierarchical functional enrichment analysis of microarray data

Measuring gene expression levels with microarrays is one of the key technologies of modern genomics. Clustering of microarray data is an important application, as genes with similar expression profiles may be regulated by common pathways and involved in related functions. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and visualization allows researchers to study the biological context of discovered clusters and characterize genes with previously unknown functions. We present VisHiC (Visualization of Hierarchical Clustering), a web server for clustering and compact visualization of gene expression data combined with automated function enrichment analysis. The main output of the analysis is a dendrogram and visual heatmap of the expression matrix that highlights biologically relevant clusters based on enriched GO terms, pathways and regulatory motifs. Clusters with most significant enrichments are contracted in the final visualization, while less relevant parts are hidden altogether. Such a dense representation of microarray data gives a quick global overview of thousands of transcripts in many conditions and provides a good starting point for further analysis. VisHiC is freely available at http://biit.cs.ut.ee/vishic.