Visual Examples Research Articles

Atlas of Implantable Therapies for Pain Management

Our current understanding of neuromodulation and pharmacology has yielded several advances in the field of pain medicine. The use of implantable devices for pain management has significantly increased the number of treatment options available to patients living with chronic pain. The general categories for such devices include neurostimulation and drug-delivery systems. Neuromodulation provides patients sustained pain relief and an alternative to the ill effects of long-term opioid use; intrathecal pumps provide a higher degree of effectiveness of medications compared with other more traditional routes of administration. The Atlas of Implantable Therapies for Pain Management is a clear and concise technical guide that focuses on the practical application of these therapeutic modalities.The Atlas of Implantable Therapies for Pain Management is arranged in four primary sections. The first three focus on neurostimulation of the spine, the peripheral nervous system, and the head, and they begin with a preface that outlines a brief historical background providing the reader with an interesting account of their origin and their influence on the devices we use today. The necessary basics of indications for implantation and patient selection are subsequently addressed. This is followed by a description of each procedure in the various applications of these devices. The last section moves on to address drug delivery systems in the chronic pain patient.The authors discuss the technical aspects of each procedure on a step-by-step basis. Specifically, they outline placement, tunneling, anchoring, and pocketing for each implantable device and procedure. This is supplemented by a plethora of images and x-ray films, which lead the reader through the procedural details in an exquisitely precise manner. Images include the optimal angle of needle insertion during lead placement, the suture configuration for strong anchoring, and visual examples of intraoperative pitfalls. Finally, the authors emphasize the common risks at each stage. Multiple sections are dedicated to complications and their management, a testament to the thoroughness and practicality of this book.In addition to discussing the basic concepts, this book includes advanced applications and techniques of neuromodulation. It details procedures, such as retrograde electrode insertion, deep brain stimulation, and the use of electromyography/somatosensory evoked potentials monitoring for spinal cord mapping and appropriate lead placement. Furthermore, few texts address device management postimplantation. With regard to nerve stimulation, the text touches on programming principles to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, a subject that is often overlooked. With respect to intrathecal pumps, proper drug selection is outlined, as is continued delivery maintenance.Despite its technical nature, one of the most notable features of the text is the authors’ abilities to direct even a novice practitioner, with the aid of descriptive illustrations and summary tables in each chapter. These illustrations constitute a unique feature of this textbook and strongly affirm its superiority over other excellent books on this topic. This atlas would be most helpful not only for a pain-management fellow early in training but also for any provider trying to improve his/her technique.In summary, the Atlas of Implantable Therapies for Pain Management is a practical, extremely thorough, and well-organized guide for the pain physician. It touches on all of the salient features of implantable devices, focusing on technical skills crucial to interventional pain therapies. We are certain that the pain community will welcome this book with enthusiasm and will undoubtedly benefit from such a complete and comprehensive textbook. The authors of this book are to be commended for their valuable and unprecedented contribution. We strongly recommend it to all the pain physicians who perform implantable therapies for chronic pain management.*University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois. ginavot@gmail.com

Optimization of Excitation Transfer in a Spin Chain

It is considered the problem of optimization the process in a spin chain on the base of Shrödinger equation which Hamiltonian contains a combination of linear and nonlinear controls. It is proposed to apply Krotov nonlocal iterative method with transformation to the derived problem known from the theory of degenerate problems, which substantially increases the efficiency of improving iterations. The procedure is demonstrated in computational experiments with the use of visual example.

Personal narrative as a teaching tool.

Recovery-oriented service systems explicitly value including people with lived experiences of a mental and substance use diagnosis in the design, delivery, and evaluation of those services. Including first-person accounts as part of the education and training of service providers "demonstrates" recovery is possible, promotes empathy, offers insights into the lives of service users, and models a person-centered, person-first approach. More important, it serves as a visual and experiential example of the collegial relationships required for services that are truly recovery-oriented. This column provides recommendations for carefully planning in-person personal narratives as an effective teaching tool.

‘Long autonomy or long delay?’ The importance of domain in opinion mining

Nowadays, people do not only navigate the web, but they also contribute contents to the Internet. Among other things, they write their thoughts and opinions in review sites, forums, social networks, blogs and other websites. These opinions constitute a valuable resource for businesses, governments and consumers. In the last years, some researchers have proposed opinion extraction systems, mostly domain-independent ones, to automatically extract structured representations of opinions contained in those texts. In this work, we tackle this task in a domain-oriented approach, defining a set of domain-specific resources which capture valuable knowledge about how people express opinions on a given domain. These resources are automatically induced from a set of annotated documents. Some experiments were carried out on three different domains (user-generated reviews of headphones, hotels and cars), comparing our approach to other state-of-the-art, domain-independent techniques. The results confirm the importance of the domain in order to build accurate opinion extraction systems. Some experiments on the influence of the dataset size and an example of aggregation and visualization of the extracted opinions are also shown.

GPU‐based acceleration of bio‐inspired motion estimation model

SUMMARYIn this paper, we describe the specific and efficient implementation of a gradient‐based optical flow model. This scheme was particularized using a validated neuromorphic motion estimation system for the robust extraction of image velocity. This model contains many characteristics that enhanced the capability when compared with other optical flow gradient family algorithms. Our implementation was performed using specific graphic processing units designed in an ad hoc framework for this model, which could be reused in several low‐level machine‐vision approaches. Observed performance results indicate that these accelerators be highly recommended. Furthermore, the throughput obtained in comparison with a general CPU was analyzed for the accurateness of a system built with regard to other optical flow systems. Additionally, several visual examples, commonly used for testing motion estimation sequences, were shown to reveal implementation behavior features. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Exploiting semantics on external resources to gather visual examples for video retrieval

With the huge and ever rising amount of video content available on the Web, there is a need to facilitate video retrieval functionalities on very large collections. Most of the current Web video retrieval systems rely on manual textual annotations to provide keyword-based search interfaces. These systems have to face the problems that users are often reticent to provide annotations, and that the quality of such annotations is questionable in many cases. An alternative commonly used approach is to ask the user for an image example, and exploit the low-level features of the image to find video content whose keyframes are similar to the image. In this case, the main limitation is the so-called semantic gap, which consists of the fact that low-level image features often do not match with the real semantics of the videos. Moreover, this approach may be a burden to the user, as it requires finding and providing the system with relevant visual examples. Aiming to address this limitation, in this paper, we present a hybrid video retrieval technique that automatically obtains visual examples by performing textual searches on external knowledge sources, such as DBpedia, Flickr and Google Images, which have different coverage and structure characteristics. Our approach exploits the semantics underlying the above knowledge sources to address the semantic gap problem. We have conducted evaluations to assess the quality of visual examples retrieved from the above external knowledge sources. The obtained results suggest that the use of external knowledge can provide valid visual examples based on a keyword-based query and, in the case that visual examples are provided explicitly by the user, it can provide visual examples that complement the manually provided ones to improve video search performance.

DISPLACEMENTS OF THE DESIRING MACHINE

The ‘cinematic gaze’ can be conceived today as a kind of metaphorical practice, particularly in relation to viewing Patty Chang's video artwork In Love (2001). Chang's artistic expression theatricalizes familial love and reveals how bodily inscriptions of sexuality and ‘race’ are still predetermined by an affected gaze. The original site of the ‘cinema of displacement’ was in the substitute of film wherein the erotic fantasy elicited from the cinematic expression displaces ‘real’ sexual pleasure by arousal through viewing. The idea of an erotic, filial love (even in fantasy) confounds the heteronormative while treading precariously on US juridical laws. The cultural intelligibility of incest prohibition relies on the authority of heterosexual kinship norms, ones that were articulated by Levi-Strauss's ‘universal’ kinship rules. This essay addresses the ways in which sexual fantasy informs a particular logic and history for understanding ‘queer’ and Chineseness. The terminology of ‘queer’ can be connected to a visual relationship with the colonial exhibitions of the ‘Siamese Twins’ Chang and Eng, primarily because the freak show provides something of a visual example for the nineteenth-century system of psychiatric power-knowledge. This system legitimated and determined ‘normal’ sexuality, which eventually led to the criminalization of same-sex fornication and incest as the highest examples of ‘immoral’ sexuality. As such, historical and contemporary visual expressions of queerness and Chineseness metaphorize the social conceptions from which the sexualized and ‘raced’ body evokes meaning. And these meanings are mutually constituted from the psychic realm since both sexual and racial significations are generally assumed from fantasy and imagination.

Universal methods of design: 100 ways to research complex problems, develop innovative ideas, and design effective solutions

Methods of Design is an immensely useful survey of research and design methods used by today's top practitioners, and will serve as a crucial reference for any designer grappling with really big problems. This book has a place on every designer's bookshelf, including yours! -David Sherwin, Principal Designer at frog and author of Creative Workshop: 80 Challenges to Sharpen Your Design Skills Methods of Design is a landmark method book for the field of design. This tidy text compiles and summarizes 100 of the most widely applicable and effective methods of design-research, analysis, and ideation-the methods that every graduate of a design program should know, and every professional designer should employ. Methods are concisely presented, accompanied by information about the origin of the technique, key research supporting the method, and visual examples. Want to know about Card Sorting, or the Elito Method? What about Think-Aloud Protocols? This book has them all and more in readily digestible form. The authors have taken away our excuse for not using the right method for the job, and in so doing have elevated its readers and the field of design. UMOD is an essential resource for designers of all levels and specializations, and should be one of the go-to reference tools found in every designer's toolbox. -William Lidwell, author of Universal Principles of Design, Lecturer of Industrial Design, University of Houston This comprehensive reference provides a thorough and critical presentation of 100 research methods, synthesis/analysis techniques, and research deliverables for human centered design, delivered in a concise and accessible format perfect for designers, educators, and students. Whether research is already an integral part of a practice or curriculum, or whether it has been unfortunately avoided due to perceived limitations of time, knowledge, or resources, Universal Methods of Design serves as an invaluable compendium of method

Many faces of stickiness in Hamiltonian systems

We discuss the phenomenon of stickiness in Hamiltonian systems. By visual examples of billiards, it is demonstrated that one must make a difference between internal (within chaotic sea(s)) and external (in vicinity of KAM tori) stickiness. Besides, there exist two types of KAM-islands, elliptic and parabolic ones, which demonstrate different abilities of stickiness.

National Heroics: Bullfighters, Machismo and the Cult of Celebrity

AbstractBullfighting, in its newly transformed format, served as a rich source for artists in its overt performativity. Although images of bull‐related themes exist before 1700, it was not until the second half of the eighteenth century that taurine subjects became fashionable in Spanish visual culture. As the fighters achieved celebrity status, such heroics were often considered in patriotic terms. The bullfighters' bravado exemplified their bodily performance of machismo. Such machismo was regarded by many as an expression of national pride. By considering chiefly visual examples, I discuss the cult of celebrity that surrounded the bullfight during the late eighteenth century.

TRAUMA NARRATIVES, MIXED MEDIA, AND THE MEDITATION ON THE INVISIBLE

This essay examines the relationship between the history of trauma narratives and the development of media representations. Starting in the late 19th century, modernist cultures were increasingly forced to represent and reflect upon the traumatic experience of destruction and war. In this process of reflection, the ‘invisibility’ or unrepresentability of traumatic incidents became a recurring theme. Taking up W.J.T. Mitchell’s suggestion that all media are “mixed media,” I argue that the technological, semiotic, and narrative hybridity of mixed media has a special relationship to this theme. More specifically, I want to show that the explicit or overt presentation of mixed media has historically been invoked as a trope of reflexivity and a way of expressing the difficulties of representing traumatic experience. I will begin my investigation with literary and visual examples from American modernism and conclude with more recent instances of mixed media hybrids combining analogue and digital media.

The Typeface Details Design in Graphic Visual Communication Engineering

This article describes the concept of the details in typeface design,the details in typeface design’ s effection in transmission power in graphic visual communication engineering. By the analysis of the graphic visual communication engineering examples,it has searched the use of the details in typeface design in graphic visual communication engineering design and the effection of the graphic visual communication engineering information’s transmission,and it also propose how to effectively use typeface design to improve the graphic visual communication engineering aesthetic content and effective communication of messages in graphic visual communication engineering,and reach to the ultimate goal in the last.

“In situ” extraction of essential oils by use of Dean–Stark glassware and a Vigreux column inside a microwave oven: a procedure for teaching green analytical chemistry

One of the principal objectives of sustainable and green processing development remains the dissemination and teaching of green chemistry in colleges, high schools, and academic laboratories. This paper describes simple glassware that illustrates the phenomenon of extraction in a conventional microwave oven as energy source and a process for green analytical chemistry. Simple glassware comprising a Dean-Stark apparatus (for extraction of aromatic plant material and recovery of essential oils and distilled water) and a Vigreux column (as an air-cooled condenser inside the microwave oven) was designed as an in-situ extraction vessel inside a microwave oven. The efficiency of this experiment was validated for extraction of essential oils from 30 g fresh orange peel, a by-product in the production of orange juice. Every laboratory throughout the world can use this equipment. The microwave power is 100 W and the irradiation time 15 min. The method is performed at atmospheric pressure without added solvent or water and furnishes essential oils similar to those obtained by conventional hydro or steam distillation. By use of GC-MS, 22 compounds in orange peel were separated and identified; the main compounds were limonene (72.1%), β-pinene (8.4%), and γ-terpinene (6.9%). This procedure is appropriate for the teaching laboratory, does not require any special microwave equipment, and enables the students to learn the skills of extraction, and chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis. They are also exposed to a dramatic visual example of rapid, sustainable, and green extraction of an essential oil, and are introduced to successful sustainable and green analytical chemistry.

Orchestrating Data, Design, and Narrative

Information visualization involves the visual, and sometimes interactive, presentation and organization of complex data in a clear, compelling representation. Information visualization is an essential element in peoples’ daily lives, especially those in data-driven professions, namely online educators. Although information visualization research and methods are prevalent in the diverse fields of healthcare, statistics, economics, information technology, computer science, and politics, few examples of successful information visualization design or integration exist in online learning. The authors provide a background of information visualization in education, explore a set of potential roles for information visualization in the future design and integration of online learning environments, provide examples of contemporary interactive visualizations in education, and discuss opportunities to move forward with design and research in this emerging area.

SPHysics – development of a free-surface fluid solver – Part 2: Efficiency and test cases

This paper, the second of a two-part series, analyses the efficiency of SPHysics and illustrates its capabilities by means of several test cases. Some intrinsic features of the SPH technique such as the use of link lists and the check for the limits are analysed here in detail. Numerical results are compared to experimental data for several cases studies: (i) Creation of waves by landslides, (ii) Dam-break propagation over wet beds and (iii) Wave-structure interaction. In addition, the capabilities of SPHysics to deal with realistic cases are depicted using the GPU version for several visual examples.

Petroleum Prophecies

Petroleum Prophecies Janet Stewart (bio) Petroleum, Petroleum, in The Dedalus Meyrink Reader. Gustav Meyrink. Ed. and Trans. Mike Mitchell. Dedalus Books. http://www.dedalusbooks.com. 317 pages; paper, $12.47. How are we to understand our abiding fascination with oil? That is the question implicit in a series of "digital oil paintings" that the artist duo UEBERMORGEN.COM (Hans Bernhard and lizvlx) produced in response to the 2010 oil spill from BP's Deepwater Horizon platform in the Gulf of Mexico. The pair describe the resulting oil slick as a work of art in its own right—an "oil painting on an 80,000 square miles ocean canvas with 32 million liters of oil" that is testament to the awe-inspiring destructive force of nature. As controversial as this take on the catastrophe undoubtedly is, UEBERMORGEN.COM were not the first artists to draw attention to the "beauty of excess" in the shape of a major oil spill at sea. Petroleum, Petroleum, a novella first published in 1913 by Gustav Meyrink, the Austrian fantasy writer and sometime banker, went viral on the Internet in the wake of Deepwater Horizon. In this highly lyrical work, heralded for its apparently prophetic vision of the contamination of the Gulf of Mexico, Meyrink depicts a fictional oil slick, the imagined magnitude of which was infinitely greater than the 2010 disaster: "And the sea took on a fearfully beautiful quality: a smooth surface, extending into infinity, glinting and shimmering in all sorts of colours, red, green and violet, and then again a deep, deep black, like images from a fantastic starscape." This description of a fictional catastrophe as an uncanny spectacle doubtless speaks to a contemporary fascination with visuals documenting the natural force of oil, such as the Lumière brothers' 1896 film, The Burning Oil Wells of Baku, which toured Europe later that year, the instantly recognizable photographs of the Spindeltop gusher in Texas which date to 1901, or similar images emanating from the Galician oil fields in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, then the world's third-largest oil producing country. Unlike these early visual examples of "petroculture," however, Petroleum, Petroleum has no pretense to documentary status but is a satirical fantasy typical of the bizarre fictional world so often conjured up in Meyrink's writing. Although no longer as well known as that of his Prague contemporary, this world clearly has more than a little of Franz Kafka about it. And yet in Meyrink's stories and novels, the Kafka-esque joins forces with the socio-political satire of Karl Kraus or Jonathan Swift while being lent a darker twist through his well-documented interest in the occult—yoga, freemasonry, alchemy, and the "profane illumination" offered by drugs such as mescaline. It is mescaline that provides Dr. Kunibald Jessegrim, Meyrink's anti-hero in Petroleum, Petroleum, with the means to exact revenge from a world that has refused him recognition. Jessegrim, whose evocative name combines medieval legend, the messianic (in its nod to the informal exclamation, "Jesses" or "Jesus"), and "grimm" (meaning wrath or fury), is consumed by an inner anger that draws him to avenging figures such as Attila the Hun, Genghis Khan, or the Vandal Kings, "creatures," as he notes, created by the power of the Hindu God Shiva. In short, Jessegrim is a man through whose veins the "dark powers of nature" course. His very body is a metonym for Mexico itself, large swathes of which he has acquired through the proceeds of his lucrative trade in self-manufactured illegal drugs. The motivation for his acquisitive behavior stems from his own careful scientific study of the country, enabling him to establish that Mexico sits atop huge underground reservoirs of oil. According to his calculations, the oil reserves stretched "as far as Omaha, perhaps even further to the north" and were 'bigger even than Hudson Bay." Patiently enacting a dastardly plan for vengeance on an unsuspecting world, he has spent years covertly destroying natural barriers between individual reservoirs to construct one vast lake of oil. Petroleum, Petroleum recounts the moment, set far in the narrative future on New Year's Eve 1951, on which, at Jessegrim's behest, a "frightful explosion...

ZOO-Project: the open WPS platform

This paper aims to present the ZOO-Project, which is a new open source implementation of the Open Geospatial Consortium’s (OGC) Web Processing Service (WPS), released under the term of the MIT/X-11 license. Based on a server-side C language Kernel (named ZOO-Kernel), ZOO-Project proposes a new approach to develop, handle and chain standardized GIS-based Web services. A brief review of WPS and existing implementations will be given in order to detail the ZOO-Project development background and goals. Then, the ZOO itself will be presented, focusing on its advantages and limitations, foremost to highlight the new opportunities provided by such a platform. The ZOO-Kernel and its architecture will be first examined, before further explanations on the proposed method for Web services creation are given. Then the ZOO JavaScript API that provides a new way to orchestrate and chain Web services through the server-side JavaScript will be presented next. Both Kernel and API are illustrated and documented through different Web service code snippets that are available online. Some visual examples of client-side interactions are presented.

Data Visualisation: A Motivational and Teaching Tool in Official Statistics

This paper reports on the use, in 2011, of some recent data visualizations to both motivate students and assist them to understanding underlying official statistics concepts. Examples of visualisations used in a Masters course in public policy and an applied statistics honours course are presented. These visualizations are free, either on-line or open-source and easy to access. Although they are of aggregates of very large official data sets and so may mask some of the underlying variation they provide students with fun tools to explore the patterns and relationships between variables in the data set, discuss its implications and sometimes lead to new questions and analyses. Geovisualisations help demonstrate the inter-disciplinary nature of official statistics in the real world. Initial feedback from students in these courses was enthusiastic. The on-going challenge for the teacher is to keep up-to-date in a world of rapidly evolving technology and to see the learning

Back to the future: Multi-image screen narrative in a digital age

ABSTRACTWe only see what we look at. To look is an act of choice […] We never look at one thing; we are always looking at the relation between things and ourselves. Our vision is continually active, continually moving, continually holding things in a circle around itself, constituting what is present to us as we are.(Berger 1983: 1)This statement denotes our searching nature, claiming that as viewers we are eager to make sense of what we see, constructing connections across our vision, piecing together fragments of information in search of meaning. We have a central vision that we use to focus on main events and a peripheral one that allows us to be drawn to other areas of interest. Today, in everyday life, there is a constant battle for our peripheral vision, we are continually distracted by a range of moving images. Each time we enter a public space or switch on our computer screens, advertisers have found a way to push their products on us, and now a plethora of moving images have become an accepted part of our experience. This article attempts to explore the aesthetics of this recent phenomenon of multi-imaging to see if there is a historical context in relation to storytelling and to find out what can be learnt from the past in order to help build strategies for creating narratives of the future. I examine a range of visual examples and review the technical and cultural aspects of stories that have been told using more than one image and attempt to draw comparisons. Starting with the visual storytelling of fourteenth century diptych religious paintings, I go on to look at the impact of perspective, then early film form, comparing its arrival to recent developments in digital technology, discuss Abel Gance's cinematic epic Napoleon (1927) and its relation to Russian montage. The avant-garde, Expanded Cinema, and internet art is also examined. The context of my work is practice as research and I discuss this in relation to the conception, writing, directing, editing and exhibition of my film Writ in Water (2009), a narrative film designed for three-screen presentation in a cinematic context.

Guerrilla Advertisement and Marketing

This study examines the relationships, similarities, and differences among traditional advertising applications, guerrilla art, guerrilla marketing, and guerrilla advertising, all of which are interrelated. Guerrilla advertising differs from traditional advertising in that it is creative and allows for maximum turnover while spending the least amount of money since it is able to benefit from innovative strategies and promotional tactics. Guerrilla marketing employs various techniques which keep costs at a minimum, and it is utilized for companies that have a say about their products. Of course this approach to marketing involves procedures, but these are not realized as TV commercials or advertisements which solely intervene in the perceptions of the audience; rather, this form of advertising appears in unexpected locations. Guerrilla marketing is utilized not only by institutional firms but also by local and small businesses, and these low-cost advertising tactics allow them to compete with larger firms.Guerrilla forms of marketing offer businesses various opportunities to boost sales figures through the use of unusual strategies. While guerrilla marketing also focuses on increasing sales and profits, it differs from traditional marketing with respect to the strategies and methods employed. This study takes a broad approach, and draws upon both local and international sources as well as the existing literature to identify problematic areas. After an examination of visual examples and discourses on the issue in the literature, the study concludes with a comparative discussion of guerrilla art and related advertising techniques.