Scientific Vision Research Articles

Agire secondo le parole. In memoria del professor Franco Gnoli

ABSTRACT The methodological rigor and acting according to words make Professor Franco Gnoli an example to follow. The scientific vision that can be obtained from his works of the Roman public and criminal law, which he studied in an era where was instead prevalent the interest in private law, paved the way for a broad revisitation of Mommsen’s theoretical approaches. This perspective was and still is highly fruitful because it highlighted the unity of the legal phenomenon in the thought of the Roman jurists. His memory is alive in all the students he trained through his rigorous and passionate lessons in Roman Law and who then followed his footsteps in the Academia.

Exploring Jobs Design and Grouping Jobs Elements in Managerial Organizing, an Identification and Explanation

Managerial Summary: Human is a social being. Sociability and living together with other people in society is now a very important aspect of human life. From the long stages of human history, an important part has emerged that man needs organizations in the society to ensure the needs of his life. These organizations are at a higher standard than before, good examples are the government, intelligence agencies, commercial companies and many other executive bodies. According to the need of the present life, human is obliged to have a better organizational process to organize these organizations and implement strategic plans. So that everything is done according to the need and goals are achieved. Therefore, it's clear that humans have a serious need to organize organizations and the organizing process is very important.
 Research Summary: Organizing is a broad aspect of management science. In order to achieve the goals of any organization, the organize of employees, appropriate use of experience and skills of employees, close relationship and cooperation of employees, selection of employees and supervision of employees are the main pillars. After examining various scientific results in this research, there is a proper consideration of the above cases. The elements of Jobs Design and Grouping Jobs, have been explored in this article from vision of Management science.

Development of science and technology in India

Before understanding the development process of science and technology in India during colonial rule, it is necessary to understand what science is. Science is a way of gaining knowledge which leads us to such beliefs. Which can be verified on the basis of logic and experiments. In English it is called Justified True Beliefs. In short, the foundation of science is based on direct evidence i.e. Positilist MPricipm. The science that was coming with the new technology had no existing roots in India. In modern science, theory and experiment go together. It was so in Europe but such scientific vision had not emerged in India. It is often said very strongly that modern science was present in ancient Indian thought and that India had a very old tradition of science and technology. It is true that India before the arrival of the Europeans was not an intellectual void, but there is no special justification for this when we see that even at that time only a limited and exclusive class had the right to acquire knowledge. At the beginning of the colonial period, nothing was happening in terms of science and technology in India. A fundamental difference between the ancient and modern scientific traditions is that in the ancient Indian tradition, there was progress in various fields of science but no significant achievements were made at the mechanical level. Whereas the biggest achievement of the modern scientific tradition has been the development of mechanics in it. The development of mechanics promoted new research in the field of science.

Feyerabend’s Relationship to the Liberal Art of Government

This paper challenges Stephen Turner’s reading of Feyerabend’s Science in a Free Society. In particular, according to Turner, Feyerabend’s “critique represents a recognition that the regimes of science and expertise are ineradicably political and coercive. But if regimes of science and expertise are ineradicably political and coercive, what remains is the problem of our choice of regimes, and how to accommodate them in a democratic order.” This paper shows that by stretching the meaning of coercion so widely, Turner has misrepresented Feyerabend’s position. In fact, the paper argues that Feyerabend offers a vision of liberal politics and science that can be made uncoercive, or at least worth having. In particular, this paper offers a new reading of Feyerabend’s account of ‘free exchange’ as an immanent critique of J.S. Mill’s liberalism. The paper concludes by diagnosing some tensions in Feyerabend’s vision and thereby also criticize Turner.

Scientific and Academic Facts of Gerontology

Studies on old age and aging have opened a series of discussions from the origin of the object of study, as well as from the philosophical principles, construction of the epistemic base until reaching the reflection of training and profession. The literature review brings us closer to understanding, it is of utmost importance for the construction and analysis of knowledge. The approach to these points arises from the vision of general science and is specifically directed to gerontology, which is a vehicle to transit through the objectives set out here. It is interesting to elucidate the construction of the origin of gerontology itself, not only as an etymological element but also from the formation of the discourse that gave rise to what would become the field of knowledge that it is today.

Otkrivanje istorijskih zakona uspona i pada ljudske civilizacije i ukazivanje na put za napredak civilizacije - teorijska konotacija i praktična vrednost Globalne civilizacijske inicijative

Analyzing strategic advantages and the depth of the Global Civilization Initiative and its role in the modernization of humanity, through the practice of the Chinese path and respect for diversities, the author offers a scientific vi-sion of further development of the planet and directions of progress. The opening of the ancient Silk Road provided important channels for the exchange of cultures, goods and information between the East and the West, laying a strong foundation for further cooperation of civilizations. Even after numerous social, political and economic changes in the international environment, China remains firm in pursuing independent foreign politics of peace, vigorously advocating Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence ad for continued expansion of friendly exchanges and mutually useful cooperation with the countries throughout the world which have different cultures and ideologies. The global security deficit can be solved only through honest understanding and respect, and that is why China insists on mutual consultation and understanding with the promotion of shared progress through cooperation.

Aestheticization of media communication in the context of social reality aestheticization.

Aestheticization of social reality is a multifaceted process that affects various areas of social space and manifests itself as a reconstruction of social relations, social practices and the knowledge. Despite the active use of the term «aestheticization» in the scientific space and in creative activity, the categorical essence of this term remains uncertain, and there is no comprehensive understanding of the essence of the process of aestheticization. In the focus of existing scientific researches in this area are particular manifestations of aestheticization: the aestheticization of politics, science, history, war, violence, death, the aestheticization of everyday life, etc. In our research, we resorted to the historical, epistemological and ontological foundations of aesthetics, which allowed us to suggest a general scientific vision of aestheticization as a macro-process of semantic reconstruction of social reality; develop its three-aspect structure, highlighting the perceptual, axiological and pragmatic aspects. The conceptual foundations of aestheticization thus formed, allowed us to further offer an understanding of the process of aestheticization of media communication that is currently essential. Its essence is to rely on sentient intelligence and smart emotions of the recipient in building the communicative process and in choosing its forms and means. In aestheticized media communication, visual-sensuous and expressively emotive elements dominate over rational ones; imagery, affect and effect are emphasized. By creating new sensually expressive and attractive mass images, media communication not only modifies the forms of sensory perception, but changes the structural archetypes of the modern «media man» and transforms social perception. This reveals the potential of aestheticization in the «fundamental ideological reconstruction» of society (T. Eagleton) through the «aesthetic modulation of the human psyche» (F. Schiller).

THE ROLE OF IVAN FRANKO IN THE FORMATION OF THE PARADIGM OF THE UKRAINIAN FINANCIAL SYSTEM

Introduction. The article is devoted to the theoretical and conceptual ideas of I. Franko. A scientific study of the main paradigms in the works and publications of the famous Ukrainian scientist is carried out, namely in the field of functioning of the financial environment of society, information is provided from the standpoint of understanding the evolutionary nature of the formation of approaches to the interpretation of the historical development of financial science. In order to obtain proper scientific results in the study of Franko's scientific work, the main scientific methods were used, namely empirical ones – to reassess the macro-financial analysis of the budgetary sphere of Galicia of the XIX–XX centuries; theoretical – for the projection of the scientist's ideas on the modern theoretical and applied realities of the functioning of society; synthesis – to identify relevant concepts for improving the country's financial system; abstraction – to identify the key directions and warnings of the great Ukrainian thinker regarding the financial and political development of society; generalization – for the formation of timely authoritative proposals of I. Franko, which strengthen the financial paradigms of modern financial scientists working on research of the financial environment of society, and the formation of key proposals for improving its institutions in conditions of uncertainty. The purpose of the article is to generalize the scientific heritage of I. Franko in order to reassess the main paradigms of the functioning of the modern financial system of Ukraine. Results. The main ideas and debatable issues related to the functioning of the country's financial system on the territory of Galicia during the period of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, especially the budgetary sphere, the business environment and the financial capacity of individuals, are allocated. Ivan Franko's approach to the study of financial relations and detailing of financial analysis at all levels of the economic system has been updated, which allows us to assert a significant contribution of the scientist to the development of macro-financial analysis. The main problems identified by the scientist in his research are considered and his own scientific vision for the prospects and proper adaptation of scientific proposals is formed. Conclusions. Based on the carried out research, the need to strengthen the role of higher education institutions, the mechanism for balancing budget revenues and expenditures and the financial and legal policy of social direction to strengthen the sovereignty of Ukraine and the development of its financial system is proposed and substantiated.

التكوين العلمي لابن باديس وأثره التجديدي في مجال التعليم بالجزائر: (1913-1940 ) Educational Background of Ibn Badis and Its Regenerative Impالتكوين العلمي لابن باديس وأثره التجديدي في مجال التعليم بالجزائر: (1913-1940 ) Educational Background of Ibn Badis and Its Regenerative Impact on the Field of Education in Algeria: (1913-1940)act on the Field of Education in Algeria: (1913-1940)

The research seeks to discover the renewal brought by Ibn Badis to education in Algeria through the study of his personality, academic background, significant scientific achievements both within and outside Algeria, curriculum for education, and teaching methods that he discovered beneficial and efficient for learners. Furthermore, the research intends to shed light on how Ibn Badis overcame the obstacles and challenges caused by French colonization, which denied Algerian citizens access to all types of learning, especially Arabic and Islamic education. The study takes a historical approach by examining a sizable collection of texts and pictures that represent Ibn Badis’s vision for science and education. The research leads to the conclusion that Ibn Badis’s strong scientific foundation which he achieved under the guidance of specialized academics from numerous fields and countries, had a huge impact on improving his abilities and views of the world and increasing his sense of need to refresh and enhance the educational system of his country. Additionally, he set himself apart from his contemporaries and forebears by getting around France’s restrictions through the advantage of legal loopholes to prevent the use of violence, particularly during the planning and construction phases.

التكوين العلمي لابن باديس وأثره التجديدي في مجال التعليم بالجزائر: (1913-1940 ) Educational Background of Ibn Badis and Its Regenerative Impact on the Field of Education in Algeria: (1913-1940)

The research seeks to discover the renewal brought by Ibn Badis to education in Algeria through the study of his personality, academic background, significant scientific achievements both within and outside Algeria, curriculum for education, and teaching methods that he discovered beneficial and efficient for learners. Furthermore, the research intends to shed light on how Ibn Badis overcame the obstacles and challenges caused by French colonization, which denied Algerian citizens access to all types of learning, especially Arabic and Islamic education. The study takes a historical approach by examining a sizable collection of texts and pictures that represent Ibn Badis’s vision for science and education. The research leads to the conclusion that Ibn Badis’s strong scientific foundation which he achieved under the guidance of specialized academics from numerous fields and countries, had a huge impact on improving his abilities and views of the world and increasing his sense of need to refresh and enhance the educational system of his country. Additionally, he set himself apart from his contemporaries and forebears by getting around France’s restrictions through the advantage of legal loopholes to prevent the use of violence, particularly during the planning and construction phases.

The Impact of Strategy Implementation Practices on Entrepreneurial Orientation Through Emotional Intelligence/ an Applied Study at the University of Information and Communication Technology – Baghdad

Purpose: The current paper aims to reach to verify the existence of the impact of strategic implementation practices and emotional intelligence in the entrepreneurial orientation of the University of Information and Communication Technology in Baghdad.
 
 Theoretical Framework: The main purpose of the theoretical framework is to identify all dimensions and variables of strategy implementation practices, entrepreneurship, and emotional intelligence, and thus form a deep scientific vision of the study and its variables.
 
 Design/Methodology/Approach: The main tool was to distribute a questionnaire to a sample of (50) of the advanced, intermediate and lower leadership cadres in order to conduct statistical analysis according to the (SPSS v25) program on it.
 
 Findings: The results of the statistical analysis of the data that there is an impact relationship between the implementation of the strategy by its exclusion (stakeholder participation, resource mobilization, knowledge development, and culture management), in the entrepreneurial orientation, which confirms that the leadership of the organization in question depends clearly on its capabilities in the correct implementation of the strategies formulated by it.
 
 Research, Practical & Social Implications: Three basic variables used in the paper fore dimension used to implementation practices, fore dimensions used for emotional intelligence and one dimension for entrepreneurial orientation.
 
 Originality/Value: The contribution of the paper lies in the possibility of implementing Strategies that serve organizations in formulating their entrepreneurial orientation, whose reflection contributes to the success of the research community directly or through different concepts such as emotional intelligence.

A Race for the Future: Scientific Visions of Modern Russian Jewishness , by Marina Mogilner

A Race for the Future: Scientific Visions of Modern Russian Jewishness , by Marina Mogilner

Nurses’ perceptions of patient involvement in shared decision-making in cardiovascular care

It is important for nurses to involve patients in their own care to enable shared decision-making. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of nurses regarding the degree to which involvement in shared decision-making takes place in clinical settings during consultations. Previous studies have shown that the use of shared decision-making by healthcare professionals can improve their caring practices and the quality of life of their patients. However, studies have also shown little evidence of the existence of shared decision-making in clinical practice. One step forward can be to clarify nurses’ perceptions of patient involvement in shared decision-making.Qualitative data were collected from 10 nurses at four Swedish hospitals using a semi-structured, open-ended interview guide. The data were analyzed using inductive latent content analysis. The results showed that the care practices described by the nurses in the study are clearly different from the healthcare policy and scientific vision of shared decision-making. The nurses in the study believe that, with some exceptions, both healthcare professionals and patients prefer to leave decision-making to medical experts. In order to take advantage of the existing potential for improvement of shared decision-making in cardiologic care, healthcare professionals must be given time to seriously listen to and develop an interest in their patients’ lifeworlds. Furthermore, the implementation of shared decision-making requires a mutual initiative and development of knowledge about the decision-making process from healthcare professionals and patients.

The Vast and Varied World of Schizophrenia Ailment, Long Years of Struggle, Ardor and the Vision for the Future

In today’s scientific landscape, science, engineering, technology and medicine are today in the path of newer scientific rejuvenation. The science of psychology and psychiatry needs to be envisioned and reframed with the passage of global scientific history and time. The author is suffering from schizophrenia for the last 30 years since November, 1993. Long years of agony, trials and tribulations have passed since then. From 2012, the author has glaucoma in his both eyes. In this article, the author deeply elucidates the need of immense help from doctors and relatives in the futuristic vision of the huge domain of medical science. This article is targeted towards patients of the illness of schizophrenia and the need of immense medical help needed by them. Human civilization’s immense scientific vision, ingenuity and forbearance are today in a state of disaster as regards treatment of schizophrenia. There are practically no treatment of schizophrenia today. This article deeply stresses on these medical science issues and the ardor of life.

Historical review of the Russian market economy formation and development based on the works of Doctor of Economics, Prof. L.S. Shakhovskaya

Research focuses on the problem of incompleteness and unreliability of the existing scientific vision of the formation and development of a market economy in Russia. In the current vision, the boundaries of the stages of formation and development of a market economy in Russia are blurred, the transition to a market path of economic development has an ambiguous interpretation in the scientific literature and is mainly associated with the 1990s. The lack of a clear understanding of the essence, sequence and continuity of the stages of formation and development of a market economy in Russia causes the uncertainty of the current stage of this process. The purpose of this research is to develop a systematic scientific vision of the process of evolution of a market economy in Russia. The study provides a historical review of the formation and development of a market economy in Russia based on the works of Doctor of Economics, prof. L.S. Shakhovskaya, who stood at the origins of the formation of the scientific concept of the market economy of Russia and in her works reflected in detail the essence and features of each stage of its evolution. This article is dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Professor L.S. Shakhovskaya, was written by her students who are developing the scientific school founded by her. The proposed new scientific vision of the process of evolution of the market economy in Russia, which clearly determined the three stages of its evolution. The first stage (1991-1999) was associated with the transition from a planned to an open industrial market economy through privatization and deregulation. The second stage: (2000-2013) was the integration of Russia into the world economic system to form an open post-industrial market economy. The third (modern) stage (2014-2031) involves the strengthening of strategic academic and technological leadership for the transition to a neo-industrial market economy 4.0 through ensuring technological sovereignty. Research contributes to the development of scientific and economic thought through the formation of a systematic scientific vision of the process of evolution of the market economy in Russia, which rethought and clarified the history of the market economy in Russia, and also clarified the meaning of its current stage by reflecting its continuity and patterns of occurrence. The scientific novelty of the system vision is that it proved for the first time that the transition period is a whole set of periods involving the transformation of market relations with various targets and management measures.

The Potential of Brazilian Beef Production from the Perspective of Effectiveness and Efficiency

The general objective of the research is to analyze the national bovine protein market in order to compare the Brazilian production and productivity in relation to the main world producers of bovine livestock, in order to discuss, under the prism of effectiveness and efficiency in the perspective of rural administration. For the analysis procedure of this work, the SWOT Matrix tool was applied, focusing on the criteria of "strength", "weakness", "threat" and "opportunity". Based on the results found in the research, it was possible to conclude that Brazil has significant chances of growth for this sector of the economy, but it will only be able to sustain itself in this market when efficiency is also part of the decision-making process. Based on the SWOT Matrix, it was observed that the “strength” of the country in this segment is concentrated, in general, in the significant available agricultural production areas and in the hegemonic technologies existing at the national level. In the field of “weakness”, it was observed that the concentration of technologies in a certain group of rural producers reduces the diversification of production technologies, which may represent a loss of competitiveness in certain market niches, mainly in those more demanding sectors. In addition, high production costs were also perceived as a “weakness” that impacts the country's competitive power. The “opportunities”, on the other hand, are more linked to the growing global demand for food, placing Brazil at the forefront of food on the planet. The “threats”, in turn, observed in this study are linked to food safety and more demanding production criteria in competitive markets, which impose, in the Brazilian reality, the need to adopt a strategic vision and greater investments in science and technology, aiming to improve the development, in the national territory, of technologies more adapted to the realities of different biomes, such as the Amazonian biome.
 Keywords: Effectiveness, Efficiency, Livestock, Cattle, Brazil.

Making Open Scholarship More Equitable and Inclusive

Democratizing access to information is an enabler for our digital future. It can transform how knowledge is created, preserved, and shared, and strengthen the connection between academics and the communities they serve. Yet, open scholarship is influenced by history and politics. This article explores the foundations underlying open scholarship as a quest for more just, equitable, and inclusive societies. It analyzes the origins of the open scholarship movement and explores how systemic factors have impacted equality and equity of knowledge access and production according to location, nationality, race, age, gender, and socio-economic circumstances. It highlights how the privileges of the global North permeate academic and technical standards, norms, and infrastructures. It also reviews how the collective design of more open and collaborative networks can engage a richer diversity of communities, enabling greater social inclusion, and presents key examples. By fostering dialogue with multiple stakeholders, more effective avenues for knowledge production and representation can be built based on approaches that are accessible, participatory, interactive, ethical, and transparent, and that reach a far broader public. This expansive vision of open science will lead to a more unified knowledge economy.

The vast scientific vision and scientific ingenuity in the field of nanofiltration, nanotechnology and water sustainability- A state of the art review

Science, man, mankind and vision are today in the avenues of scientific regeneration as regards application of United Nations and Global Sustainable Development Goals. Water sustainability and water integrity are the pillars of scientific regeneration today. They are the pillars of environmental pollution control today. Engineering, applied sciences and natural sciences needs to be re-envisioned and reframed as regards protection of human environment and ecological biodiversity. Human civilisation today stands in the pathway and crevice of scientific adjudication and engineering vision. Water sustainability and environmental sustainability are two opposite sides of the visionary engineering coin. In this article, the author deeply elucidates of the scientific and engineering vision of membrane separation processes such as nanofiltration, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis. Besides the author deeply targets the needs of water sustainability in the futuristic emancipation of global research and development initiatives. A newer dawn in the field of water science and technology will usher in as humankind moves forward.

A detailed study of convolutional neural networks for the identification of microstructure

Applying computer vision in material science will accelerate the development of microscopic analysis and material design. Identifying optimum algorithms to handle the limited datasets available in material science is challenging. The current study shows the detailed architecture of CNN algorithms modified for microstructure recognition applications. Four different algorithms, such as VGG, Inception, ResNet and MobileNet based, are applied for microstructure identification and compared to its accuracy. The microstructure classification was used for high-entropy alloy micrographs. The saliency map was plotted for a eutectic + dendritic high entropy alloy microstructure and showed the feature importance distribution in each model across the image. This study will accelerate the development of materials informatics workstations for industrial applications.

Distance between theory and practice in a project by Luigi Moretti, parametric architecture’s first theorist

Starting in the 1940s, Luigi Moretti was the first theorist of architettura parametrica, suggesting a novel scientific vision of architectural design. However, the contribution of this theory to his built projects appears limited and far from the rigour of the famous mathematical modelling he presented at the XII Triennale di Milano in 1960. Despite Moretti's attempts to spread parametric architecture internationally, the apparent distance between the theoretical dimension and the professional practice has led to a marginal recognition of his contributions to the developments of Computational Design and, more recently, Parametricism. Questioning how Moretti considered aspects of parametric architecture in his professional practice may reveal how he intended the relationship between theory and practice. This paper analyses the troubled design process of Moretti's Bonifacio VIII Baths in Fiuggi, Italy, a project that has never been studied as an application of parametric architecture despite having several attributes that are now associated with the origin of parametric design. The proposed position is that, along his rigid theory, Moretti developed more informal and flexible design processes. The analysis of compositional and methodological values behind the evolution of this project, its archival materials, and Moretti's design theories will be used to demonstrate the thesis.