Viscous Dissipation Heating Research Articles

Entropy Generation in a Magnetohydrodynamic Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Nonlinear Permeable Surface with Velocity Slip Effect

The current study is designed to model the hydrothermal feature of a hybrid nano liquid slip flows over a permeable expanding/contracting surface with entropy generation. The model incorporates Cu-Al2O3 nanoparticles with water as the host liquid to simulate the flow. Additional impacts incorporated into the novelty of the model are viscous dissipation and Joule heating. The model is transformed appropriately to its dimensionless form using similarity quantities and the solution is numerically obtained using the spectral quasi-linearization method (SQLM). The impact of pertinent factors on the flow characteristics is communicated through graphs for the hybrid nano-suspension to discuss the hydrothermal variations. The friction factor and the rate of heat transport are also discussed with sensible judgment through tables. To ensure the code validity, a comparison with earlier studies is conducted and excellent consensus is accomplished. The result explored that diminution in the irreversibility ratio is witnessed for rising magnetic field strength along the free stream, distance away from the permeable surface as the heat dissipation to the surrounding decelerates. Also, the augmented nonlinearity parameter intensified the heat transfer rate for about 2.79% of the hybrid nano-suspension.

Numerical Study of Natural Convection Flow in Rectangular Cavity with Viscous Dissipation and Internal Heat Generation for Different Aspect Ratios

Numerical simulations have been performed to investigate the influence of constant volumetric heat generation and viscous dissipation on the unsteady natural convection flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid contained in a rectangular cavity. The left vertical wall of the cavity is cooled, while the right vertical wall is heated, and the bottom and top walls are adiabatic. A numerical technique based on the implicit finite difference method (IFDM), along with an upwind finite difference scheme and an iterative successive over relaxation (SOR) technique, is employed to solve the governing equations numerically. The effect of physical parameters, namely the modified Rayleigh number (103≤Ra≤107), aspect ratio (1≤A≤4), Prandtl number (Pr=0.7, 1.0, 6.2, 15), volumetric internal heat generation parameter (Qλ=0, 1), and Eckert number (0≤Ec≤10−6), on the streamlines and isotherms are discussed graphically. Variations of maximum stream function, as well as average and local Nusselt number, are also discussed. The results show that the increase in Eckert number from 0 to 10−4 causes the average heat transfer to decrease, while Pr=0.71, Ra=104, and Qλ=0. Additionally, the average heat transfer decreases as the cavity width increases from 1 to 4, while Pr=0.71, Ra = 5×104, Ec=10−6 and Qλ=1. The results of the numerical model used here are in excellent accord with earlier findings.

Model-based comparison of hybrid nanofluid Darcy-Forchheimer flow subject to quadratic convection and frictional heating with multiple slip conditions

Hybrid nanofluids provide several advantages over conventional fluids, including improved thermal characteristics, increased stability, customizable features, multifunctionality, and environmental advantages. Hybrid nanofluids are an appealing alternative for a variety of applications due to these benefits. This study aims to compute the non-similar solution of single-multi wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs-MWCNTs)-based hybrid nanofluid flow over an inclined extending surface. Heat transmission and flow are observed under the effects of quadratic convection, Darcy-Forchheimer quadratic drag forces, viscous dissipation, and non-linear thermal radiative heat flux. The velocity and thermal slip constraints are imposed at the inclined surface. For the model-based comparison, Xue, and Modified Hamilton Crosser thermal conductivity models for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are adopted. The irreversibility of the system is also investigated using the second law of thermodynamics for the distinct CNTs-based thermal conductivity models. Non-similarity variables are adopted to convert nonlinear partial differential equations into dimensionless PDEs. Analytical modeling of non-similar systems is done by adopting non-similarity transformations up to second-level truncation, and the bvp4c technique is then used to compute the results numerically. The research found that at 75° of plate inclination, the Modified Hamilton Crosser model for CNTs outperforms the Xue model in terms of heat transfer rate. Further, entropy generation is significantly larger for the Xue model than for the Modified Hamilton Crosser model for CNTs against higher values of viscous dissipation and porosity parameters. It is also revealed that for opposing buoyancy force G R < 0, the temperature of the fluid escalates. This study possesses multiple applications including petroleum engineering, heat exchangers, environmental remediation, and biomedical applications.

MHD Radiative Casson Fluid Flow through Forchheimer Permeable Medium with Joule Heating Influence

In the current study, Casson fluid flow over an inclined non-linear surface through Darcy-Forchhiemer permeable medium is analysed numerically with the influences of effects viscous dissipation, MHD, radiation, chemical reaction, and Joule heating. The governed PDE of the problem are converted to non-linear ODE using suitable similarity conversions. The ODE are solved using the Keller Box method. The influence of parameters is analysed by constructing velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. The velocity profile decreases for raising values of the Casson parameter and Magnetic parameter and increases for the permeability parameter. Temperature increases for progressive values of the radiation parameter, Dofour parameter, and Concentration profile decreases for the chemical reaction parameter. Also, to validate the numerical method local parameters are also computed and compared with existing work

Von Kármán viscous pump of rotating disk in a magnetized Maxwell fluid with Joule heating

The current investigation is concentrated on the constant MHD flow of an electrically charged Maxwell fluid across a radially elastic spinning disc in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. The problem is a generalization of the prevalent von Kármán viscous pump for configurations with or without a stretchy disc. The plane fluid content is controlled using an isothermal approach of homogeneous-heterogeneous processes. Non-linear thermally radiative heat transfer's effects on heat transference properties are investigated. Viscous dissipation and Joule heating are two other factors to consider in the energy equation. The von Kármár adaptations are used to build non-dimensional Navier-Stokes models, which are then, calculated using the bvp4c method. The torque, wall shear stresses, vertical pressure velocity, and heat transfer proportion are all determined. In addition, a statistical method is used to determine the connection between factors and the flow system's physical characteristics. Increasing the radiation parameter lowers the heat transmission rate at the disk's layer is a key finding. When homogeneous and heterogeneous reactants are reinforced at the same time, a significant observation is made that minimizes species concentration behaviors. Fluid flow caused by spinning discs is used in thermal transfer systems for nuclear propulsion devices.

Entropy generation analysis of magnetized radiative Ellis (Cu-TiO2/Engine Oil) nanofluid flow using Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model with viscous dissipation and Joule heating effects

The most recent research looks into the heat-transferring assets of engine oil based on Ellis nanofluid with MHD effects, which contains nanoparticles of copper (Cu) and Titanium oxide (TiO2). The concert of Copper (Cu) and Titanium oxide (TiO2) was seen in the movement of engine oil. Viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model, joule heating, and heat generation all change the energy equation. Perviousness, entropy creation, and a horizontally flat moving surface with a non-uniform elongating velocity are all represented mathematically in the model. To locate the numerical explanations of the problem, bvp4c, a convincing numerical technique for solving complex differential equations, is used. The flow and heat transferring facets of Cu-TiO2 in the flow are inspected using the most important parameters. Thermal jump conditions and absorbent media have a momentous impact on flow. It is noted that the temperature and heat transferring rate are reduced as a result of the involvement of important limitations. However, such fluids should be employed in controlled volume as caution in applications requiring heat transfer control. Concluding the recent effort will help in studying engine and generator cooling systems, aircraft refrigeration systems, nuclear cooling system, and other technologies.

Aligned MHD Jeffrey Fluid Flow Containing Carbon Nanoparticles over Exponential Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation and Newtonian Heating Effects

This study investigates the influence of viscous dissipation on aligned Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Jeffry fluid containing Carbon Nanoparticles (CNTs) over an exponential stretching sheet with boundary condition of Newtonian Heating (NH). The model proposed by Tiwari and Das is adopted. The numerical computation using Runge-Kutta Fehlberg (RKF45) method is used to generate the results. The numerical solutions of the several parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles are analysed and presented graphically. It is revealed that an increase in aligned angle, magnetic field, and ratio of relaxation to retardation times leads to the decreasing in velocity and increasing in temperature profiles. Meanwhile, both velocity and temperature profiles increase with a rise in volume fraction parameter.

Numerical investigation of nonlinear radiative flux of non-Newtonian MHD fluid induced by nonlinear driven multi-physical curved mechanism with variable magnetic field

This paper discusses two-dimensional heat flow of an incompressible non-Newtonian hydromagnetic fluid over a power-law stretching curved sheet. The energy equation of the flow problem considers a radiative flux influenced by viscous dissipation and surface frictional heating. Lorentz force and Joule heating are taken in the consequence of applied variable magnetic field satisfying solenoidal nature of magnetism. The governing equations are reduced to boundary-layer regime using dimensionless quantities and the resulting PDEs are converted into ODEs by suitable similarity variables. The flow fields; velocity and temperature are computed numerically by implementing Keller-Box shooting method with Jacobi iterative technique. Error analysis is calculated to ensure solutions' convergence. Interesting flow parameters are examined and plotted graphically. Results show that velocity is increased for large number of fluid rheology and opposite effects are recorded for increasing curvature, Lorentz force, and stretching power. Flow past a flat and curved surfaces are substantial in validation of this present work.

Numerical Analysis on MHD mixed convection flow of Al_2O_3/H_2O (Aluminum-Water) Nanofluids in a Vertical Square Duct

In this work, we have considered steady laminar magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) mixed convection flow of an electrically conducting fluid in presence of nanoparticles while water as the base fluid in a vertical square duct. The walls of the duct are thermally insulated. In the energy equation, the effect of viscous dissipation and Joule heat is also considered. In this case, the walls of the duct are kept at a constant temperature. By using dimensionless quantities the governing equations of momentum, induction, and energy are first transformed into dimensionless equations. The velocity, temperature, and induced magnetic field profiles are plotted to analyze the effect of different flow parameters. It is found that the nanofluid motion expedite with the increase of the value of the parameters magnetic Reynolds number and Prandtl number. There are some important industrial applications and cooling shows in the industry of the current research. This study observed its importance with the view to increasing the heat transfer efficiency practical application relevant to industry and engineering issues. The issues discussed in this study have not been included in the earlier investigation for steady nanofluid flow due to a square duct. Numerical results are matched with an earlier published work and an excellent agreement between two are observed.&#x0D;

Numerical and series solutions for Von-Kármán flow of viscoelastic fluid inspired by viscous dissipation and Joule heating effects

Present article aims at developing similarity solutions for heat transportation in swirling flow of viscoelastic fluid (obeying Jeffrey model) generated by an infinite porous rotating surface. The resulting thermal energy equation comprising frictional heating and Ohmic dissipation terms is mainly focused. Relevant equations simplified under boundary layer approximations have been solved analytically by a powerful homotopy based analytical scheme, while numerical solutions are constructed by a reliable MATLAB solver bvp4c. For homotopy based series solutions, total squared residual of the system is evaluated, and it is found to decline for increasing order of approximations. Both applied methods are shown to be in compliance with each other for wide range of viscoelastic fluid parameters. Computed solutions are utilized to understand the combined influence of viscoelasticity and viscous dissipation on heat transport phenomena associated with the Von-Kármán configuration. Subtle fluid dynamics entities such as resisting torque and Nusselt number are computed and elaborated. Results predict that the torque required by the disk drastically reduces when viscoelastic fluid assumption is applied. However, cooling rate of the disk in Newtonian fluid is better than that in viscoelastic fluid. Present results are found in agreement with that of the previous studies in a limiting situation.

A numerical approach to the modeling of Thompson and Troian slip on magnetized flow of Al2O3–PAO nanolubricant over an inclined rotating disk

In automotive fluids, hydraulic, gear, and bearing oils, as well as in applications operating in extremely high or cold temperatures, PAO is widely employed. In present work, we have made an attempt to develop a mathematical model to discuss the flow of magnetized [Formula: see text] nanolubricant over an inclined rotating disk in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium with Thompson and Troian slip at the boundary. The effects of mixed convection, nonlinear heat radiation, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, and non-uniform heat source/sink are also included in the modeling. We have solved the proposed model numerically with the help of MATLAB built-in bvp-4c method after metamorphosing the PDEs to ODEs. The enhancing values of inertial parameter and velocity slip parameter decrease the tangential and radial velocities of the nanolubricant. The temperature of the nanolubricant [Formula: see text] enhance significantly by strengthening the magnetic field, whereas radial and tangential velocities get retarded. The non-uniform heat source/sink parameters play a vital role in controlling heat transmission phenomenon. The increasing values of Eckert number, radiation parameter, and non-uniform heat generation parameters tend to increase the value of Nusselt number. The value of Nusselt number drops with rising values of Biot number and non-uniform heat sink parameters.

Heat and mass transfer analysis for magnetized flow of {mathrm{ZnO}-SAE50} nanolubricant with variable properties: an application of Cattaneo–Christov model

The current study scrutinizes heat and mass transfer features of magnetized flow of {mathrm{ZnO}-SAE50} nanolubricant over Riga plate in a Darcy Forchheimer medium. The effects of variable viscosity, thermal radiation, variable thermal conductivity, viscous dissipation and uniform heat source/sink are examined in this study. The diffusion model presented by Cattaneo–Christov is incorporated in this study to enclose heat and mass transport phenomenon. Additionally, the mass transfer rate is inspected subjected to the effects of variable solutal diffusivity and higher order chemical reaction. Heat and mass transfer phenomena have significant applications in the disciplines of science and technology that can be seen everywhere in nature. This simultaneous transportation phenomenon indicates a variety of applications in manufacturing processes, aerodynamics, cooling systems, environmental sciences, oceanography, food industries, biological disciplines, and energy transport systems etc. The modeled system of PDEs is metamorphosed to nonlinear ODEs with the introduction of appropriate transformations. An eminent bvp4c method in MATLAB has been incorporated to execute the resulting system of ODEs numerically. The outcomes of velocity, temperature and concentration profiles corresponding to various emerging parameters have been exposed graphically. The motion of {mathrm{ZnO}-SAE50} nanolubricant tends to enhance significantly with larger modified Hartmann number, whereas converse behavior is reported by increasing porosity parameter and variable viscosity parameter. The greater heat transfer rate is observed for variable thermal conductivity parameter. The rates of heat and mass transfer slow down for thermal and solutal time relaxation parameters respectively. The concentration profile gets enriched by growing the order of the chemical reaction and variable mass diffusivity parameter. It is concluded that by increasing solid volume fraction up to 1.5%, the viscosity of the nanolubricant enhances up to 12% which consequently slows down motion of the nanolubricant but increases temperature and concentration profiles.

Dual Solutions and Stability Analysis of Cu-H2O-Casson Nanofluid Convection past a Heated Stretching/Shrinking Slippery Sheet in a Porous Medium

In this study, we examined the impact of Cu-H2O nanoparticles on two-dimensional Casson nanofluid flows past permeable stretching/shrinking sheet embedded in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium in the presence of slipperiness of surface, suction/injection, viscous dissipation, and convective heating. Using some realistic assumptions and appropriate similarity transformations, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations were formulated and transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations and then numerically solved by using the shooting technique. Numerical results are displayed for dimensionless fluid velocity and temperature profiles, skin friction, and the local Nusselt number. The impacts of different governing physical parameters on these quantities are presented and discussed using graphs, tables, and a chart. For the specific range of shrinking sheet, the result shows that dual solutions exist, and temporal stability analysis is performed by introducing small disturbances to determine the stable solutions. It is detected that the upper branch solution is hydrodynamically stable and substantially realistic; however, the lower branch solution is unstable and physically unachievable. The fluid flow stability is obtained by enhancing the suction, surface slipperiness, and viscous dissipation parameters. However, augmenting the values of the Casson factor, Cu-H2O nanoparticle volume fraction, porous medium, porous medium inertia, and convective heating parameters increases the blow-up stability of the fluid flow. The rate of heat transfer enhances with the increment in the Casson factor, porous medium, porous medium inertia, suction, velocity ratio, nanoparticle volume fraction, and convective heating parameters, whereas it reduces as the slipperiness of the surface and viscous dissipation parameters rise. Increment of Cu-H2O nanoparticle volume fraction into the Casson fluid boosts the heat transfer enhancement rate higher for the shrinking sheet surface.

Modeling and simulation of Cattaneo-Christov fluxes in entropy induced flow through Reiner-Rivlin fluid conveying tiny particles

Hydromagnetic mixed convective flow obeying constitutive relations of Reiner-Rivlin conveying tiny particles is addressed. Flow by stretching cylinder is modeled. Analysis has been carried out in presence of an applied magnetic field. Formulation is based upon fluxes by Cattaneo-Christov relation. Thermal expression comprises viscous dissipation and Ohmic heating. Buongiorno model is utilized to explore nanoliquid significance. Physical illustration of entropy rate is incorporated. Governing expressions are reduced to non-dimensional system. Solutions development by optimal homotopy analysis approach (OHAM) is arranged. Graphical description for various influential variables is organized. Clearly velocity and entropy rate for curvature are enhanced. Magnetic field has reverse impact on flow and temperature. Thermal relaxation time variable upsurges thermal field. Decrease in concentration occurs through Schmidt number. Brinkman number augments the entropy rate. Opposite characteristics are observed for entropy rate through magnetic and temperature difference variables. Decrease in concentration is detected against random motion variable. Increase in temperature occurs for thermophoresis variable.

MHD flow of non-Newtonian ferro nanofluid between two vertical porous walls with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux, entropy generation, and time-dependent pressure gradient

This article studies the magnetohydrodynamic flow of non-Newtonian ferro nanofluid subject to time-dependent pressure gradient between two vertical permeable walls with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux and entropy generation. In this study, blood is considered as non-Newtonian fluid (couple stress fluid). Nanoparticles’ shape factor, Joule heating, viscous dissipation, and radiative heat impacts are examined. This investigation is crucial in nanodrug delivery, pharmaceutical processes, microelectronics, biomedicines, and dynamics of physiological fluids. The flow governing partial differential equations are transformed into the system of ordinary differential equations by deploying the perturbation process and then handled with Runge–Kutta 4th-order procedure aided by the shooting approach. Hamilton–Crosser model is employed to analyze the thermal conductivity of different shapes of nanoparticles. The obtained results reveal that intensifying Eckert number leads to a higher temperature, while the reverse is true for increased thermal relaxation parameter. Heat transfer rate escalates for increasing thermal radiation. Entropy dwindles for intensifying thermal relaxation parameter.

A study on MHD flow of SWCNT-Al2O3 /water hybrid nanofluid past a vertical permeable cone under the influence of thermal radiation and chemical reactions

This study investigates the steady, incompressible MHD flow of a hybrid nanofluid over a vertical solid cone embedded in a porous medium under suction effect. The research explores the effects of various factors, such as thermal radiation, chemical reactions, heat generation, viscous dissipation, and Joule heating on heat and mass transfer phenomena. To investigate the effects of hybrid nanoparticles, we consider single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and alumina (Al2O3 ) along with water (H2O) as the base fluid. After a suitable similarity transformation, the governing equations are reconstructed and solved using the Keller-box numerical scheme. We present graphical and tabular analyses of various parameter impacts on heat transfer profiles and coefficients. This study provides valuable insights into the control of fluid dynamics and heat transfer in porous media, which have significant implications for industrial and engineering applications. The findings of the current article are in excellent agreement with previously published works.

Galerkin scheme on entropy generation in complex fluid involving gyrotactic microorganisms on cylinder/surface via solar thermal radiations

In the current analysis, numerical investigation for double diffusion and gyrotactic microorganisms in complex fluid involving Dufour and Soret influences over stretching cylinder, and stretching surface is investigated new research in recent developments and analysis of such problems are not observed yet in the open literature. Mechanisms of thermal radiation, heat sink, viscous dissipation, chemical reaction and Joule heating are incorporated. Solar water heating, solar cooking, solar power generation and solar desalination are a few examples of practical uses for solar thermal processes. Applications of the current analysis include thermal insulation, biomedical engineering, chemical processing, food preservation, cooling systems and power generation. Moreover, the utilization of a uniform magnetic field is incorporated along the z-direction under consideration of magnetic Reynolds number (low). Such development has been utilized in several industrial and technological applications. This modern physical development is transformed in mathematical modeling regarding highly coupled non-linear PDEs. A set of PDEs (non-linear) is transformed into dimensionless form regarding non-linear ODEs utilizing relevant variables and a numerical solution is achieved using finite element methodology. In this development, essential simulations have been obtained, for example, surface drag force, Nusselt number, mass diffusion rate and microorganism concentration.

Significance of viscous dissipation, nanoparticles, and Joule heat on the dynamics of water: The case of two porous orthogonal disk

This research explores the association between the Viscous dissipation and joule heat effect for hybrid-nanofluids (HNfd) flow across absorbent surfaces. Expanding/contracting geometry with permeable factor advanced work for (HNfd), which are accumulated of Silver (Ag-Metallic) and copper (Cu-Metallic). The flow passes through the orthogonally moving porous disks with a magnetic field. Comparison and critical study of the bottom and top porous surfaces of the discs are also shown here. Comparability transformations, the prime PDEs of the current model are transformed into high-order nonlinear ODEs, which are subsequently resolved numerically using the “Shooting Method.” As discussed graphically the characterization of the flow, and thermal are demonstrated in detail, while the numerical result calculate in the upper and lower porous disk of a physical parameter such as skin friction coefficient (Cf) and Nusselt number (Nu) at lower and upper disks are respectively discussed.

Regulation of thermo-electro-magneto dynamics in course of peristalsis

The effect of heat transfer on Couple-Stress fluid’s unsteady peristaltic motion is theoretically studied in this paper using applied electric and magnetic fields. Thermal analysis is carried out in the presence of fluid friction-induced viscous dissipation and Joule heating. The potential distribution is examined using the Debye-Huckel linearization approximation. The governing equation’s complexity is decreased using the lubrication theory. The dynamics of electroosmosis and peristaltic pumping are examined for the velocity field, temperature field, pressure distribution, and streamlines. The effects of electrical double layer (EDL) on flow, pumping, and thermal properties have been calculated. Numerical computations have been done to provide the graphical depiction and to explain the model’s outcomes. This model can be used to design a variety of microfluidic gadgets and intelligent micropumps for combining chemicals and ionic liquids.

MHD Mixed Convection Flow of Hybrid Ferrofluid through Stagnation-Point over the Nonlinearly Moving Surface with Convective Boundary Condition, Viscous Dissipation, and Joule Heating Effects

This paper discusses a numerical study performed in analysing the performance regarding the magnetic effect on the mixed convection stagnation-point flow of hybrid ferrofluid, examining the influence of viscous dissipation, convective boundary condition as well as Joule heating across a nonlinearly moving surface. Additionally, the hybrid ferrofluid exhibits an asymmetric flow pattern due to the buoyancy force affecting the flow. Water H2O is employed as the base fluid collectively with the mixtures of nanoparticles containing magnetite Fe3O4 and cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4, forming a hybrid ferrofluid. The partial differential equation’s complexity is reduced by similarity transformation into a system of ordinary differential equations, which are then numerically solved by applying the MATLAB function bvp4c for a specific range of values regarding the governing parameters. Dual solutions were identified under both opposing and assisting flow conditions, and the stability analysis identified that the first solution was stable. Furthermore, it was also revealed that the addition of 1% CoFe2O4 in hybrid ferrofluid led to a higher skin friction coefficient between 3.35% and 7.18% for both assisting and opposing flow regions. Additionally, the growth of magnetic fields results in a reduced heat transfer rate between 8.75% to 10.65%, whilst the presence of the suction parameter expands the range of solutions, which then delays the boundary layer separation. With the Eckert number included, the heat transfer rate continuously declined between 7.27% to 10.24%. However, it increased by about 280.64% until 280.98% as the Biot number increased.