Viscosity Of Polymer Solutions Research Articles

Enhanced Oil Recovery in Iraqi Limestone Formation by Intermittent Injection of Xanthan.

Enhanced oil recovery consists of three major methods which are miscible Method, thermal method and chemical method. Polymer flooding is considered as one of the chemical method which is economical compared to other methods. The main objective of this project is to determine the optimum polymer concentration that will bring in the most recovery of a large full-field flooding project at Ahdeb oil field. Thus, the (1) polymer concentration, (2) polymer solution viscosity, and (3) polymer injection rate affects towards oil recovery are investigated. This investigation will solely base on the outcome from the Simulator. The main difficulty in the recovery of oil is the viscosity of oil is higher than injection fluid viscosity, which makes displacement by a low-cost fluid, such as water or gas; inefficient on account of the “unfavorable” mobility ratio (i.e. mobility of the injected fluid is greater than the mobility of the oil). Since improvement in the mobility ratio is the ultimate goal, viscosity of the injected fluid is increased by addition of soluble polymer. The polymer concentrations were varied so that different polymer solution viscosity can be injected into the model. Apart from improvement in the mobility ratio, average pressure of the reservoir will also be maintained for as long as possible, which would lead to an improvement in the oil recovery. In accordance to that, the injection rates of displacing fluid play an important role in maintaining Average reservoir pressure and also the period of polymer flooding. The scope of the study will mainly focus on the polymer injection-water cut relationship. The research methodology used in this study is by varying polymer concentration, polymer solution viscosity and the polymer injection rate, the resulting cumulative oil production and average reservoir pressure will be taken into consideration for each case.From the optimized model, it shows that increment in polymer solution viscosity (increment in polymer solution concentration) increases the oil recovery, but when it exceeds its optimum point, oil recovery stabilized. There are a total of six cases run in this study concerning the polymer solution concentration. It proves that the addition of polymer concentration can give additional recovery up to a certain level, before it maintained. Adjusting the injection rate will be constrained by polymer concentration to maintain the injection bottom-hole pressure below formation fracture pressure since higher concentration requires more energy to move the polymer consequently increase the injection bottom hole pressure. In summary, Polymer flooding allows more oil recovered from the mature oil fields to maintain high oil production. If verified by experiment, this model of polymer behavior may have impact on reducing the residual oil saturation and consequently increase the economic life of the fields.

Branched polymers and nanoparticles flooding as separate processes for enhanced oil recovery

Since it was first theorized more than half-century ago, nanotechnology has proven to be the perfect boost for existing technologies and the oil industry has made use of this avant-garde discipline to upsurge the productivity of mature oilfields. With respect to polymer flooding, recent research has stressed the importance of the (macro)molecules’ architecture on the physical properties. This paper presents the numerical simulation of these two agents in standard, not combined, oil recovery processes. The polymer solution viscosity is calculated considering the polymer’s architecture, its degradation and the salinity. The nanoparticles affect the carrier-phase viscosity and the rock formation wettability, which modifies the oil mobility. Results evidenced the improved capabilities of branched (i.e. star/comb) polymers with respect to traditional linear ones. The modified architecture improves not only the rheological but also the viscoelastic properties, which ultimately increases the microscopic sweeping efficiency. Nanoparticles increase slightly the carrier phase viscosity, but their main recovery mechanism is their adsorption onto the rock and subsequent wettability modification, reducing the residual oil saturation. Furthermore, it is also important to properly characterize both the particles’ average size and also their aggregation rate, since these affect the recovery efficiency. Simulations show the importance of a good characterization of oil recovery agents and their effect on the phases’ physical properties as well as the potential of nanoparticles to act as a boost of traditional enhanced recovery processes.

A New Empirical Model for Viscosity of Sulfonated Polyacrylamide Polymers.

Copolymers of acrylamide with the sodium salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid—known as sulfonated polyacrylamide polymers—had been shown to produce very promising results in the enhancement of oil recovery, particularly in polymer flooding. The aim of this work is to develop an empirical model through the use of a design of experiments (DOE) approach for bulk viscosity of these copolymers as a function of polymer characteristics (i.e., sulfonation degree and molecular weight), oil reservoir conditions (i.e., temperature, formation brine salinity and hardness) and field operational variables (i.e., polymer concentration, shear rate and aging time). The data required for the non-linear regression analysis were generated from 120 planned experimental runs, which had used the Box-Behnken construct from the typical Response Surface Methodology (RSM) design. The data were collected during rheological experiments and the model that was constructed had been proven to be acceptable with the Adjusted R-Squared value of 0.9624. Apart from showing the polymer concentration as being the most important factor in the determination of polymer solution viscosity, the evaluation of the model terms as well as the Sobol sensitivity analysis had also shown a considerable interaction between the process parameters. As such, the proposed viscosity model can be suitably applied to the optimization of the polymer solution properties for the polymer flooding process and the prediction of the rheological data required for polymer flood simulators.

A new approach for measuring rheology of polymer solutions in reservoir conditions

The simulation of flow processes under reservoir condition is a hard task. Viscosity of polymer solution in porous media depends on adsorption of polymers on mineral substrates. Specific features characterize filtration of polymer solutions in porous media. Here, we propose a new approach to evaluate the rheology of polymers that considers fluid interactions with mineral surfaces. The principle of this method is as follows: measuring viscosity of «mineral-in-polymer » suspension. Hence, this approach needs simple equipment rather than complex core flooding system. The laboratory selection of effective polymer and its optimum concentration is carried out by the proposed approach. It is crucial for primary screening of some polymers. The presence of dispersed minerals in model suspensions influences the surface tension between the polymer solution and solid surface with various chemical nature. In order to justify this method, we used minerals with different chemical nature such as dispersed calcite and dolomite, and two widely used polyacrylamide type polymers that differ in molecular masses. We observed that viscosities between various suspensions differ several times due to the surface nature. We also determined the correlation between the viscosity of model suspension and contact angle. The latter is determined by chemical nature of minerals.

Ferroelectric polymer-based fully printed flexible strain rate sensors and their application for human motion capture

Flexible strain sensors are essential to realizing novel wearable electronics applications that include dynamic human-motion capture sensing devices. Various technologies have been proposed to fabricate flexible strain sensors for motion capture using low-cost printing methods. A new approach utilizing piezoelectric polymers has recently been proposed whereby ferroelectric polymer layers are formed on plastic substrates and employed in wearable sensor devices. However, in printed strain sensor devices using ferroelectric polymers, the influence of layer formulation on sensor properties has not been clear. We have developed fully-printed flexible strain sensors by optimizing the concentration and viscosity of a ferroelectric polymer solution. It was found that the ferroelectric layers using screen printing can be formed with flat morphologies and good crystallinity using solutions with viscosities of over 3.0 Pa s. Moreover, these printed ferroelectric strain sensors achieved practical performance levels, exhibiting ferroelectric characteristics of 6.0 μC cm-2 and 50 MV m−1. The sensors were employed in wearable bending sensors for human fingers to demonstrate their feasibility in motion capture applications. Despite a wide range of operating speeds, the fabricated sensors effectively measured bending rates.

A new type of double dispersion system for water control in fossil hydrogen energy development

Water cut is generally rising with the increase of water injection during water flooding development of fossil hydrogen energy reservoir. Conventional chemical profile control agents fail to work for a long time because they are easily affected by the temperature and salinity of fossil hydrogen energy reservoir to form crossflow channel. In this paper, a new dual-disperse profile control agent and flooding system (DDS) is proposed, which uses polymers and microspheres to plug polymer crossflow and improve oil recovery in fossil hydrogen energy development. The viscosity, suspension property, thermal stability and microsphere size expansion of the DDS are tested, and the oil displacement performance is evaluated. The results show that the viscosity of polymer solution is not affected by the addition of microspheres, and the DDS system has good suspension and thermal stability. Due to the adsorption of microspheres in polymers, the particle size of microspheres tends to increase with time. But the expansion slows down gradually, which is beneficial to deep migration. In terms of plugging efficiency, the optimum concentration of DDS is 1500 mg/L polymer and 500 mg/L microsphere, and the optimum injection volume is 0.5Pv. Compared with single polymer flooding system, the new dual dispersion system has better washing resistance and enhanced oil recovery in fossil hydrogen energy development.

ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometric techniques for determination of polymer solution viscosity in the presence of SiO2 nanoparticle and salinity.

An analytical method was proposed for quantitative determination of rheological properties of polyacrylamide (PAM) solution in the presence of SiO2 nanoparticle and NaCl. The viscosity of PAM-SiO2 nanohybrid solution was predicted using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy in the wavenumber range of 800-3000 cm-1 and chemometrics methods. Support vector machine regression (SVM-R) as a non-linear multivariate calibration procedure and partial least squares regression (PLS-R) as a linear procedure were applied for calibration. Preprocessing methods such as baseline correction and standard normal variate (SNV) were also utilized. Root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) in SNV-SVM and SNV-PLS methods were 3.231 and 6.302, respectively. Considering the complexity of the samples, the SVM-R model was found to be reliable. The proposed method is rapid and simple without any sample preparation step for measurement of the viscosity of polymer solutions in chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR).

Macromolecular relaxation, strain, and extensibility determine elastocapillary thinning and extensional viscosity of polymer solutions

Delayed capillary break-up of viscoelastic filaments presents scientific and technical challenges relevant for drop formation, dispensing, and adhesion in industrial and biological applications. The flow kinematics are primarily dictated by the viscoelastic stresses contributed by the polymers that are stretched and oriented in a strong extensional flow field resulting from the streamwise gradients created by the capillarity-driven squeeze flow. After an initial inertiocapillary (IC) or viscocapillary (VC) regime, where elastic effects seem to play no role, the interplay of capillarity and viscoelasticity can lead to an elastocapillary (EC) response characterized by exponentially-slow thinning of neck radius (extensional relaxation time is determined from the delay constant). Less frequently, a terminal visco-elastocapillary (TVEC) response with linear decay in radius can be observed and used for measuring terminal, steady extensional viscosity. However, both IC/VC-EC and EC-TVEC transitions are inaccessible in devices that create stretched necks by applying a step strain to a liquid bridge (e.g., capillary breakup extensional rheometer). In this study, we use dripping-onto-substrate rheometry to obtain radius evolution data for unentangled polymer solutions. We deduce that the plots of transient extensional viscosity vs. Hencky strain (scaled by the respective values at the EC-TVEC transition) emulate the functional form of the birefringence-macromolecular strain relationship based on Peterlin's theory. We quantify the duration and strain between the IC/VC-EC and the EC-TVEC transitions using measures we term elastocapillary span and elastocapillary strain increment and find both measures show values directly correlated with the corresponding variation in extensional relaxation time.

ВЛИЯНИЕ МИНЕРАЛИЗАЦИИ ПЛАСТОВЫХ ВОД НА ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ И ФИЛЬТРАЦИОННЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ РАСТВОРОВ И ГЕЛЕЙ ДЛЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ НЕФТЕОТДАЧИ ПЛАСТОВ

Актуальность. В последние годы технологии полимерного заводнения широко применяются при эксплуатации нефтяных и газовых месторождений, особенно на поздних стадиях разработки месторождений. Однако при эксплуатации коллекторов с повышенной температурой более 70–80 °С и высокой степенью минерализации пластовых вод многие полимерные нефтевытесняющие агенты подвергаются быстрой деструкции, что приводит к снижению уровня добычи углеводородного сырья. В связи с этим одной из важных проблем является создание и разработка термо- и солеустойчивых полимерных материалов и композиций на их основе для повышения добычи углеводородного сырья на нефтяных и газовых месторождениях. Цель: исследование влияния минерализации пластовых вод на физико-химические и фильтрационные характеристики полимерных растворов и гелей для повышения нефтеотдачи пластов. Методы. Определение вязкости растворов полимера и полимерного геля проводили на вискозиметре Брукфилда DV-II, форму и размеры частиц полимеров и полимерного геля изучали на сканирующем электронном микроскопе марки Hitachi S-400N, измерение размеров полимерного молекулярного клубка Dh определяли на установке Brookhaven BI-200SM, широкоугольная динамическая/статическая система рассеяния света (Brookhaven Instruments Cop., США), физическое моделирование процесса фильтрации жидкости при пластовых условиях проводили на фильтрационной установке, определение вязкоэластичности и реологических свойств полимерных растворов и гелей изучали с помощью реометра Harke 10. Результаты. Степень минерализации пластовой воды оказывает значительное влияние на вязкость растворов полимеров. В связи с тем, что в частично деминерализованной воде предварительно были удалены ионы кальция и магния, полимеры обладают хорошей растворимостью и способностью увеличения вязкости растворов. С увеличением концентрации вытесняющего агента вязкость растворов возрастает. Деструктивное воздействие солей пластовых вод на полимеры вызывает значительное снижение вязкости растворов вытесняющих агентов. Из-за высокой степени минерализации частично деминерализованной воды большое количество ионов хлористого натрия окружают молекулярный скелет полимера вытесняющего агента. Макромолекулы полимера П-1 имеют преимущественно двухмерную сетевую структуру. Макромолекулы полимеров П-2 и П-3 имеют преимущественно пространственную трехмерную сетевую структуру, в которой некоторые полимерные молекулярные цепи разорваны и сетевая структура полимеров является дефектной. По сравнению с полимером П-3, трехмерная сетевая структура полимерного молекулярного агрегата П-4 имеет более четкое пространственное строение. Из сравнения физико-химических свойств полимеров П-1, П-2 и П-3 следует, что коэффициент сопротивления и коэффициент остаточного сопротивления для полимера П-1 больше, чем для полимеров П-2 и П-3. Это связано с тем, что молекулы солеустойчивого полимера П-1 образуют агрегаты сетевой структуры вследствие межмолекулярной ассоциации, которая приводит к плохой совместимости с порами керна, а коэффициент сопротивления и коэффициент остаточного сопротивления для полимера П-4 наибольшие за счет того, что в реакционной полимерной смеси прошли реакции внутримолекулярного сшивания молекул полимера и катионов Cr3+, которые привели к значительному увеличению удерживания раствора полимера, фильтрационного сопротивления, давления нагнетания и к повышению нефтеотдачи пластов.

Simulation of Jet Motion during Electrospinning Process through Coupled Multiphysics Method

A multiphysics model, used for predicting jet velocity by solving incompressible Navier-Stokes equations coupled with electric volume force, has been developed to simulate the three-dimensional polymer jet produced during electrospinning process. By varying the parameter values in the model, the effects of parameters, including flow rate and viscosity of polymer solution, spinneret diameter, and applied voltage on jet velocity are discussed. This model is validated by comparing with experimental results.

The Effect of Nanoclays on Nanofiber Density Gradient in 3D Scaffolds Fabricated By Divergence Electrospinning

Abstract Tissue engineering generally requires the use of artificial scaffolds to recreating the in vivo milieu which coordinates complex spatiotemporal mechanisms to guide cell behavior. Studies showed that aligned nanofiber scaffolds provide biophysical stimuli to promote cell adhesion, proliferation, morphogenesis, and motility. This study presents a 3D assembly process of aligned polycaprolactone nanofibers directed by a symmetrically divergent electric field. Nanoclays (phyllosilicate) were added into the polymer solution to enhance the homogeneity of fiber distribution within the scaffold. The conductivity and viscosity of solutions were characterized. The nanofiber attributes including fiber diameter, fiber density, and fiber alignment were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the homogeneity of nanofiber distribution with regard to density and alignment were positively correlated with the conductivity and viscosity of polymer solution. This study demonstrated the feasibility of fine-tuning the microstructure of 3D assembled nanofiber scaffolds by altering the material properties.

Morphology and Conductivity Evaluation of Electrospun Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) Microfiber

Electrospinning of polyacrylic acid (PAA) was used to investigate electrical properties and morphology of the fabricated electrospun microfibers as the function of solute concentration. The mean diameter of the fibers increased from 301 to 682 nm with increasing PAA concentrations from 4 to 7 wt %, respectively due to increasing of polymer solution viscosity. At 3 wt % of PAA concentration, the average fiber diameter was higher than 4.0 and 5.0 wt% PAA because the fiber sizes were not homogenous as spindle and junctions were formed. The porosity of 6 wt % electrospun PAA was the highest i.e. 5.89% with the contact angle of 61° which indicated its capability to retain high water or moisture on the surface. The conductivity of the dried electrospun PAA microfiber increased from 1.01×10-6 to 2.63×10-5 S/m with increasing of PAA concentrations from 3 to 6 wt% respectively because larger fiber diameter provided more porous structure to retain moisture.

The Effect of Addition Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) onThe Rheological and Optical Properties of Polymer Solution of Poly (Vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) Prepared in Different Solvents

In this research four samples of polymer solution of (PVP)dissolved in distilled Water (DW) and ethanol with concentrations (0.004 PVP and 0.008PVP)(mol/L) were prepared .Rheological and optical properties were studied, whereobservedin rheologicalproperties the viscosity of polymer solution of PVP increased with increasing the concentrations of polymer solution of PVP. Also the density of PVP/DW was large than the density of PVP/ethanol.In optical properties the absorbance spectra increased with the increasing the concentrations of PVP polymer solution.Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)showed the bondswhich represents the formula structural of PVP. Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) of polymer solution of PVPwere added with concentrations (0.1,0.2 and 0.3) wt%,in rheological properties observed the viscosity in PVP/DWwas less than in case of PVP/ethanol, where this difference in viscosity value because the viscosity was depending on the attraction between the particles and on the shape and their size. In optical propertiesit was notedthe appearance peak of absorption spectra at 419nm. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that adding AgNPs of polymer solution of PVP shifted the peaks of bonds in PVP polymer.

DFT-based theoretical prediction of intrinsic viscosity of polymer solutions

ABSTRACTA four-descriptor quantitative structure–property relationship model was constructed to predict 65 intrinsic viscosities [η] of polymer solutions. Four quantum chemical descriptors, the traceless quadrupole moment θ(R), the hydrogen bond or electrostatic attraction descriptor QH, the partition function QBOT(R) and the frontier orbital descriptor EHOMO, were calculated with density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level and used to develop the model by multivariate linear regression (MLR) analysis. The model possesses coefficients of determination r2 of 0.827 for the training set and 0.808 for the test set, and shows better statistical characteristics than the existing MLR models of intrinsic viscosities [η] of polymer–solvent combinations. Moreover, the four descriptors were used to develop a support vector machine model for [η] that possesses a coefficient of determination r2 of 0.911 for the whole data set.

Effects of polymer adsorption on the effective viscosity in microchannel flows: phenomenological slip layer model from molecular simulations

Molecular simulations (Dissipative Particle Dynamics - DPD) were used to quantify the effect of polymer adsorption on the effective shear viscosity of a semi-dilute polymer solution in microchannel Poseuille flow. It is well known that polymer depletion layers develop adjacent to solid walls due to hydrodynamic forces, causing an apparent wall slip and reduced effective viscosity (increased total flow rate). We found that depletion layers also developed in the presence of hydrodynamically rough adsorbed layers on the wall. Polymer-polymer (steric) repulsion between flowing and adsorbed polymer expanded the depletion layer compared to no-adsorption cases, and the effective viscosity was reduced further. Desorption occurred for higher shear rates, reducing the repulsion effect and shrinking the depletion layers. A phenomenological algebraic model for the depletion layer thickness, including a shear modified adsorption isotherm, was developed based on the simulation data. The depletion layer model can be used together with the effective viscosity model we developed earlier.

Stable and unstable miscible displacement of a shear-thinning fluid at low Reynolds number

We present the results of experiments performed for the displacement of an aqueous low-concentration polymer solution that initially fills a capillary tube (diameter < 1 mm), using water. Aqueous carboxymethyl-cellulose polymer solutions were prepared at initial concentration 0.5 < c0 < 0.75 (w/w). Polymer concentrations are low such that the displaced fluids may be considered shear-thinning. We measured the shear viscosity of the aqueous polymer solutions and obtained values for Carreau shear-thinning fluid model parameters at each polymer concentration. Separately, we measured the average bulk diffusivity for each solution. The estimates of the residual film using penetrating fluid tip and mean velocities were measured as a function of the Peclet (Pe), Reynolds (Re), Carreau (Cu0), and viscous Atwood number based on zero shear-rate viscosity (At0) where the latter two were computed using c0. For Cu0 > 1, we observe a corkscrew type instability where the wavelength increases as diffusion is diminished but requires a finite amount of diffusion to appear.

Steady-state extensional viscosity of a linear polymer solution using a differential pressure extensional rheometer on a chip

In our earlier theoretical work [Lee and Muller, J. Rheol. 61, 1049–1059 (2017)], we proposed a design for a differential pressure extensional rheometer (DPER) on a chip. Here, we implement the DPER to evaluate the steady-state viscosity of a semidilute poly(ethylene oxide) solution at high and low extension rates. At low extension rates, the extensional viscosity exhibits strain thinning behavior with a power-law exponent of −0.5. At intermediate extension rates, the extensional viscosity exhibits strain thickening. At high extension rates, the extensional viscosity plateau has been estimated, and the corresponding finite extendable nonlinear elastic (FENE) constant is evaluated as 482. A novel method to determine the FENE constant and the extensional relaxation time distribution is presented, which are key parameters for the understanding of the extensional flow of a linear polymer solution.

Drop breakup dynamics of dilute polymer solutions: Effect of molecular weight, concentration, and viscosity

The large extensional viscosity of dilute polymer solutions has been shown to dramatically delay the breakup of jets into drops. For low shear viscosity solutions, the jet breakup is initially governed by a balance of inertial and capillary stresses before transitioning to a balance of viscoelastic and capillary stresses at later times. This transition occurs at a critical time when the radius decay dynamics shift from a 2/3 power law to an exponential decay as the increasing deformation rate imposed on the fluid filament results in large molecular deformations and rapid crossover into the elasto-capillary regime. By experimental fits of the elasto-capillary thinning diameter data, a relaxation time of less than 100 μs has been successfully measured. In this paper, we show that, with a better understanding of the transition from the inertia-capillary to the elasto-capillary breakup regime, relaxation times close to 10 μs can be measured with the relaxation time resolution limited only by the frame rate and spatial resolution of the high speed camera. In this paper, the dynamics of drop formation and pinch-off are presented using dripping onto substrate capillary breakup extensional rheometry (CaBER-DoS) for a series of dilute solutions of polyethylene oxide (PEO) in water and in a viscosified water and glycerin mixture. Four different molecular weights between 100 k and 1 M g/mol were studied with varying solution viscosities between 1 and 22 mPa s and at concentrations between 0.004 and 0.5 times the overlap concentration, c*. The dependence of the relaxation time and extensional viscosity on these varying parameters was studied and compared to the predictions of dilute solution theory while simultaneously searching for the lower limit in solution elasticity that can be detected. For PEO in water, this limit was found to be a fluid with a relaxation time of roughly 20 μs. These results confirm that CaBER-DoS can be a powerful technique characterizing the rheology of a notoriously difficult material to quantify, namely, low viscosity inkjet printer inks.

Chain-Length Shortening of Methyl Ethyl Hydroxyethyl Cellulose: An Evaluation of the Material Properties and Effect on Foaming Ability

During the past century, plastics have become a natural element in our every-day life. Lately however, an awareness about the fossil origin and often non-degradable nature of many plastics is rising. This has resulted in the emergence of some bio-based and/or biodegradable plastics, often produced from renewable resources. One possible candidate for bioplastics production could be found in cellulose. This paper aims at contributing information regarding a cellulose derivative, which could possibly be used in foamed plastics applications. Therefore, the reduction of the chain-length of a methyl ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MEHEC), assessed by size exclusion chromatography, and the effect of chain-length on the foaming behaviour were studied. The foaming was accomplished with a hot-mould technique using aqueous polymer solutions. The generated steam was here used as the blowing agent and important parameters were polymer concentration and solution viscosity. The density of the produced foams was assessed and was in some cases comparable to that of commodity foams. It was found that reducing the chain-length enabled an increase of the initial polymer concentration for the foaming process. This is believed to be beneficial for creating more structurally stable foams of this type.

Novel viscoelastic model for predicting the synthetic polymer’s viscoelastic behavior in porous media using direct extensional rheological measurements

High molecular weight, flexible polymers used for heavy oil recovery exhibits viscoelasticity that causes the thickening of apparent viscosity which could not be predicted by the conventional shear thinning rheological models. Unified apparent viscosity model (UVM) developed at UT-Austin based on the postulation that the apparent viscosity of polymer solutions is the sum of shear and elongational viscosity accounts for the viscoelastic thickening in the extensional part through relaxation time, maximum elongational viscosity and strain hardening index. Although UVM addresses the other limitation of the previous viscoelastic models, its dependence on the core flood data to predict maximum elongational viscosity and strain hardening index limits its commercial independent usage for preliminary screening.These limitations are addressed in our novel viscoelastic model named as Azad Trivedi Viscoelastic Model (AT-VEM), which could predict the apparent viscosity in the shear thickening region using the extensional parameters measured by capillary breakup extensional rheometer (CaBER) through the combination of Upper Convected Maxwell (UCM), finite extensible nonlinear elasticity (FENE) and power law theories. CaBER set up uses a step-strain to stretch the drop of polymeric liquid placed between the two plates and monitor its midpoint diameter during filament drainage. The relaxation time is determined by fitting the filament diameter from the region representing the balance between the elastic stress and surface tension into UCM. As per FENE theory, fluid relaxes at the rate two-third of its strain rate and the extensional viscosity around the critical Deborah number of 0.66 corresponds to the maximum elastic limit and would be the maximum elongational viscosity. Filament during drainage gets strained and the corresponding increment in extensional viscosity is fitted with power law to determine the strain hardening index.A series of core flood data (performed using partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) polymers) from the UT-Austin that validated the UVM model was used extensively. Other reported literature data were also used. Extensional rheology was performed on those polymers at the similar conditions to determine the relaxation time, maximum elongational viscosity, and strain hardening index. These parameters along with the shear parameters were used to match the reported apparent viscosity. All the experiments fairly match well with the average downscaling power factor of 0.35 to the maximum elongational viscosity and subtrahend of 1.2 to the strain hardening index. Downscaling and subtrahend factor is essential to scale down the pure elongation in the extensional bulk field to the combination of shear and elongation experienced in the porous media.AT-VEM can be incorporated into commercial numerical simulators for predicting the injectivity and recovery due to viscoelastic thickening independently and thereby assist in quick screening polymers for oil recovery applications.