Viscosity Of Nanofluids Research Articles

Hybrid Nanofluid Thermal Conductivity and Optimization: Original Approach and Background.

The focus of this paper was to develop a comprehensive nanofluid thermal conductivity model that can be applied to nanofluids with any number of distinct nanoparticles for a given base fluid, concentration, temperature, particle material, and particle diameter. For the first time, this model permits a direct analytical comparison between nanofluids with a different number of distinct nanoparticles. It was observed that the model’s average error was ~5.289% when compared with independent experimental data for hybrid nanofluids, which is lower than the average error of the best preexisting hybrid nanofluid model. Additionally, the effects of the operating temperature and nanoparticle concentration on the thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids were investigated theoretically and experimentally. It was found that optimization of the operating conditions and characteristics of nanofluids is crucial to maximize the heat transfer coefficient in nanofluidics and microfluidics. Furthermore, the existing theoretical models to predict nanofluid thermal conductivity were discussed based on the main mechanisms of energy transfer, including Effective Medium Theory, Brownian motion, the nanolayer, aggregation, Molecular Dynamics simulations, and enhancement in hybrid nanofluids. The advantage and disadvantage of each model, as well as the level of accuracy of each model, were examined using independent experimental data.

The effect of graphene nano-powder on the viscosity of water: An experimental study and artificial neural network modeling

AbstractViscosity shifts the flow features of a liquid and affects the consistency of a product, which is a primary factor in demonstrating forces that should be overcome when fluids are transported in pipelines or employed in lubrication. In carbon-based materials, due to their extensive use in industry, finding the simple and reliable equations that can predict the rheological behavior is essential. In this research, the rheological nature of graphene/aqueous nanofluid was examined. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction were used for analyzing the phase and structure. Transmission electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy were also employed for micro and nano structural-study. Moreover, nanofluid stability was examinedviazeta-potential measurement. Results showed that nanofluid has non-Newtonian nature, the same as the power-law form. Further, from 25 to 50°C, at 12.23 s−1, viscosity decreased by 56.9, 54.9, and 38.5% for 1.0, 2.0, and 3.5 mg/mL nanofluids, respectively. From 25 to 50°C, at 122.3 s−1, viscosity decreased by 42.5, 42.3, and 33.3% for 1.0, 2.0, and 3.5 mg/mL nanofluids, respectively. Besides, to determine the viscosity of nanofluid in varied temperatures and mass concentrations, an artificial neural networkvia R2= 0.999 was applied. Finally, the simple and reliable equations that can predict the rheological behavior of graphene/water nanofluid are calculated.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Thermophysical Properties of Cobalt Oxide (Co3O4) in Distilled Water (DW), Ethylene Glycol (EG), and DW-EG Mixture Nanofluids.

Solid particles scattered in a base fluid for a standard no larger than 100 nm, constituting a nanofluid, can be used to improve thermophysical characteristics compared to the base fluid. In this study, theoretical and experimental investigations were carried out to estimate the density, viscosity, and effective thermal conductivity of Co3O4 in distilled water (DW), ethylene glycol (EG), and DW–EG mixture nanofluids. Co3O4 nanoparticles with diameters of 50 nm were dispersed in different base fluids (i.e., EG, DW, 60EG:40DW, 40EG:60DW, 20EG:80DW) with varying concentrations of 0.025–0.4 vol.%. Thermal conductivity was estimated by the hot-wire technique, and viscosity was determined using a viscometer apparatus. According to the measurements, the viscosity of Co3O4 nanofluids decreased with increasing temperature, and increased with increasing volume fraction. The results revealed that the thermal conductivity of Co3O4 nanofluids increased with increasing temperature and volume concentrations. Moreover, the measurements found that the maximum thermal conductivity of 10.8% and the maximum viscosity of 10.3% prevailed at 60 °C in the volume fraction of 0.4%. The obtained viscosity and thermal conductivity results of the present experiments on Co3O4 nanofluids were compared with previous results. The results showed good agreement with theoretically proposed models to predict nanofluids’ viscosity and thermal conductivity. Thus, the thermal conductivity results of Co3O4 nanofluids are promising with respect to the use of nanofluids in solar thermal applications.

Effect of nanoparticles on desulfurization/regeneration performance of deep eutectic solvent based nanofluid system

Using choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor and urea as hydrogen bond donor, the deep eutectic solvent (DES) was prepared, and different alkaline substances were added to obtain two alkaline DES systems with different viscosities. SiO2 nanoparticles were introduced into the above two systems to construct different DES-based nanofluid systems: ethanolamine-deep eutectic solvent (E-DES-NF) system and polyethyleneimine-deep eutectic solvent (P-DES-NF) system. The viscosity of the nanofluid system was measured, and it was found that with the increase of the proportion of nanoparticles, the viscosity of both nanofluids increased firstly and then decreased. The hydrogen sulfide absorption experiment was carried out to explore the effect of nanoparticles on the desulfurization and regeneration performance of different nanofluid systems. The experimental results showed that the DES system synthesized in this study can maintain 100% removal rate for at least 40 min. The desulfurization and regeneration performances were improved simultaneously after the addition of moderate nanoparticle. In the E-DES system, when the mass fraction of SiO2 nanoparticles was 0.1%, the highest desulfurization performance was conducted. Besides, the addition of an appropriate amount of water was found to be beneficial to the regeneration of exhausted desulfurizer of E-DES-NF system. In the P-DES-NF system, the optimal mass fraction of SiO2 nanoparticles was confirmed as 0.01%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used for the characterization of the nanofluid systems as well as SiO2 nanoparticles before and after absorption as well as after multiple absorption–regeneration cycles. The morphology of SiO2 nanoparticles itself had little changes. A large amount of liquid substances were found gather on the surface of nanoparticles, and with the increase of the number of absorption–regeneration cycles, the surface attachment gradually decreased.

Effect of hybrid nanoparticles on conjugate mixed convection of a viscoplastic fluid in a ventilated enclosure with wall mounted heated block

We consider the thermal performance due to mixed convection and conjugate heat transfer of a Al2O3- Cu/viscoplastic hybrid nanofluid in a ventilated enclosure. A cold viscoplastic hybrid nanofluid is injected through the inlet port placed at the lower left corner of the enclosure and an outlet is placed at lower right corner. A heated solid obstacle is mounted at the bottom wall of the enclosure and the left wall of the enclosure is considered to be uniformly heated. The viscoplastic nanofluid is modeled as the Casson fluid, in which the plastic viscosity is considered to be temperature dependent. Nanoparticles mass flux due to both Brownian and thermophoretic diffusion along with convection is taken into account. The Corcione model for the thermal conductivity and viscosity of the hybrid nanofluid is adopted. The presence of the heated obstacle at the lower wall induces a recirculating vortex above it, which reduces the heat transfer from the enclosure. This vortex disappears when higher range of Reynolds number is considered. Our results show that the inclusion of Cu-nanoparticles in the Al2O3-viscoplastic fluid manifests the heat transfer. The yield stress of the fluid reduces the heat transfer but enhances the entropy generation. The thermal performance of the system is evaluated by presenting the heat transfer to entropy generation ratio. An enhancement of the solid-to-fluid conductivity ratio intensifies the heat transfer as well as entropy generation. Hybrid nanofluid enhances both heat transfer as well as entropy generation with the rate of heat transfer higher than the rate of entropy generation. A comparison with the corresponding homogeneous model is provided to analyze the effect of slip velocity created by Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis of nanoparticles.

Investigation on the photothermal performance of carbon quantum dots nanofluid with high-stability

The purpose of this paper is to give an in-depth study on the thermos-physical properties and photothermal conversion characteristics of carbon quantum dot (CQDs). In this study, CQDs nanofluids were synthesized by the simple one-step method. A series of stability analysis experiments were conducted to determine the excellent dispersibility and stability of CQDs nanofluids. The thermal conductivity of the nanofluids was measured by KD-2 Pro, and the results showed an enhancement up to 11 % at 50 °C. And the viscosity of CQDs nanofluids decreased with the concentration and temperature. In addition, it was found that the maximum photothermal conversion efficiency was up to 71.09 %. All the results indicated that the prepared CQDs nanofluids had great potential in the applications of direct absorption solar collectors (DASC).

Urea-ZrP nanoparticle-enabled electro-responsivity

In this research, we discovered the electro-responsive behavior of Zirconium phosphate (α -ZrP) two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, which was enabled by modifying the surface chemistry of ZrP. The urea molecules were utilized to modify the 2D ZrP nanoparticles. The evolution of shear stress in the fluid against an electric field was observed. The nanofluid's viscosity change under an electric field was observed due to the generation of dipoles in urea-modified ZrP particles. The formation of dipoles affected the fluidic behavior through the transition between Newtonian behavior and Bingham fluids. Such transition is attributed to the reorganization of those particles after applying the electric field. Their functionalization through urea rapidly transforms on the microsecond scale after applying the field. The high permittivity of urea provided a polar layer, which attains electric response. This research opens the possibility of using functionalized nanoparticles in fluids for improving their damping performance.

Employing numerical method for evaluating the heat transfer rate of a hot tube by nanofluid natural convection

One of the major issues in industry is cooling of pipes when using forced convection mechanism is not able to cool pipes, but free convection mechanism can be a suitable method. In this regard, a half-pipe was installed in the center of a half-elliptical enclosure in which the gap of between them was saturated with nanofluid of water and alumina (aluminum oxide) nanoparticle depending on temperature and nanoparticle diameter. Several samples were simulated by means of CFD and FVM to understand the impacts of Rayleigh number, inclined angle, and volume fraction of nanoparticles on the heat flux of hot pipe. In addition, the dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity coefficient of nanofluid depended on temperature, nanoparticle diameter, and volume fraction, which were used for precising simulation to physical results. The obtained results showed that adding 3% volume fraction of alumina could increase the average heat flux of hot half-pipe by 8.7%. Moreover, at high Rayleigh numbers, volume fraction of 1% was optimum amount for volume fraction. In addition, inclined angle had considerable influence on average heat flux, specifically, in high Rayleigh numbers. • Simulation of natural convection between a hot half-pipe and cold half-elliptical enclosure to cool hot pipe. • Dependence of nanofluid thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity to temperature, its diameter, and volume fraction. • At high Rayleigh numbers, the optimum volume fraction is 0.01. • At R a = 10 3 a n d 10 4 , the optimal values of the inclined angle are 60 and 0°, respectively.

Stability and viscosity of zinc oxide–silicon dioxide nanocomposite in synthetic seawater supported by surfactant for enhanced oil recovery

The development of nanotechnology has altered the petroleum sector. Nanotechnology has been tested in the field of exploration. Drilling, production and eventually increased oil recovery are all part of the process. In the case of enhanced oil recovery (EOR), nanoparticles (NPs) in form of nanofluids are regarded as the smart fluids used to displace residual oil from the reservoir. Improving the viscosity of the injected NPs facilitates the displacement of the crude oil. However, NP’s sedimentation in the fluids has become a great challenge that renders the performances of NPs worthless. This work focuses on investigating the stability and viscosity of the composite nanofluids that incorporate the merger of silicon dioxide (SiO 2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs. The nanocomposite was formed and supported by surfactants to improve the viscosity and sedimentation in comparison with its constituents. The results obtained have shown that the stability and viscosity of ZnO and SiO 2 NPs have increased by 37 and 43 %, respectively, when ZnO/SiO 2 was used. Furthermore, upon introducing a nano-surfactant solution, the stability and viscosity increase to 54 and 44 %, respectively.

Exact solutions of an unsteady thermal conductive pressure driven peristaltic transport with temperature-dependent nanofluid viscosity

Keeping in view the impact of temperature-dependent nanofluid viscosity on peristaltic transport, the present study is an analytical analysis to scrutinize an unsteady flow saturated with carbon nanotubes (CNT) in an irregular channel of finite measure. The ultimate goal is to obtain an exact solution for the stream function of the pressure-driven peristaltic flow of nanofluid with temperature-dependent nanofluid viscosity. Influences of CNT on temperature, axial and transverse velocities, effective thermal conductivity and on pressure gradient are studied analytically and displayed graphically by varying various flow constraints using a Mathematica software. The key findings of the analysis revealed that SWCNT nanofluids have lower pressure gradient, hence higher axial velocity than that of MWCNT whereas the trapped boluses are growing in size with increasing heat generation and decreasing thermal Grashof number. Since the transverse velocity for MWCNT nanofluid can be improved with higher viscosity, this study outlines details of a micro push in the movement of nanofluids as a supplement to medical applications especially for drugs delivery systems in peristaltic pumping and pharmacological engineering.

Numerical study of hydrodynamic and thermal behavior of Al2O3/Water nanofluid and Al2O3-Cu/Water hybrid nanofluid in a confined impinging slot jet using two-phase mixed model

This study utilizes the two-phase mixture model to conduct a numeric study of Al2O3/Water and Al2O3-Cu/Water (hybrid) nanofluid's hydrodynamic and thermal behavior in a laminar confined impinging slot jet in 50 ≤ Re ≤ 300 and nanoparticles volume fractions (NVF) ranging from 0 - 2%. This study considers various aspect ratios (H/W), including 2, 4, and 6, to investiate the confining effects. This paper gives a comparative analysis of nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids in terms of the parameters concerning the flow: Reynolds and local Nusselt number (Nux), average Nusselt number (Nuavg), flow lines' contour, and temperature distribution under similar geometric conditions and Reynolds number. In comparison with nanofluids, the hybrid nanofluids have higher local Nusselt number on the entire target surface, this advantage of hybrid nanofluid attribute to higher thermal conductivity of them. The average Nusselt numbers of nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids plotted at different Refor various aspect ratios(H/W=2,4), and the effect of aspect ratio and momentum are explained. Furthermore, pumping power of both fluid analysed for all nanoparticles volume fraction (0 - 2%) at different Reynolds number. The result shows that pumping power of hybrid nanofluid is higher than base fluid and nanofluid, because the dynamic viscosity of hybrid nanofluid is higher than base fluid (water) and nanofluid. Besides; the study identified some correlations in the hybrid nanofluids regarding the stagnation point and the average Nusselt numbers. Presumably, these correlations are valid under certain conditions: 50≤ Re ≤ 300, 2 ≤ H/W≤ 6, and volume fracture (0 - 2%).

Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Atomic Layer Deposition Surface-Modified Carbon Nanosphere and Carbon Nanopowder Nanofluids.

In this paper, we present a study on thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids containing novel atomic layer deposition surface-modified carbon nanosphere (ALD-CNS) and carbon nanopowder (ALD-CNP) core-shell nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were produced by atomic layer deposition of amorphous TiO2. The nanostructures were characterised by scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). High-concentration, stable nanofluids were prepared with 1.5, 1.0 and 0.5 vol% nanoparticle content. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of the nanofluids were measured, and their stability was evaluated with Zeta potential measurements. The ALD-CNS enhanced the thermal conductivity of the 1:5 ethanol:water mixture by 4.6% with a 1.5 vol% concentration, and the viscosity increased by 37.5%. The ALD-CNS increased the thermal conductivity of ethylene–glycol by 10.8, whereas the viscosity increased by 15.9%. The use of a surfactant was unnecessary due to the ALD-deposited TiO2 layer.

Magnetization of nanofluid due to convectively heated bended surface with space-dependent heat generation

This research mainly focuses to study hydrothermal characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow over a slippery permeable bended surface which is rotated in a circular cross-section with radius [Formula: see text]. In this nanofluid model, a nanoparticle concentration gradient is taken due to Brownian motion and thermophoretic force. Thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid are a function of the local volume fraction of the nanoparticle. The system includes the most important parameters such as viscous dissipation and internal heat absorption (or) generation. For the supposed flow governing equations are formulated and then converted to a nonlinear system and resulted system is numerically evaluated with bvp4c in Matlab package. Multiple streamlines and three-dimensional graphics are provided to improve the results. The results obtained show that as the magnetic parameter values increase, the magnitude of the velocity field decreases and the pressure in the boundary layer decreases. Further, the parameters Brownian motion and thermophoresis increase the fluid temperature tends and the concentration should increase as the value of the slip parameter increases.

Viscosity of CuO nanofluids: Experimental investigation and modelling with FFBP-ANN

The current work examines the viscosity of nanofluids as a function of nanoparticle concentration, size, and temperature. CuO nanoparticles with an average size of 15 nm, 45 nm, and 75 nm have been used in this study. Viscosity measurements of volume concentrations of 1% to 4% are carried out in the temperature range of 293 K to 353 K. The results show a maximum increase of 23% in effective viscosity due to the addition of nanoparticles. However, the viscosity decreases by about 80% as the temperature increases from 293 K to 353 K. Furthermore, a maximum increase of 0.5% in viscosity is observed with the particle size increment. Based on present experimental data and literature data, a correlation is developed to predict the effective viscosity. Furthermore, ANN modelling is carried out to predict the effective viscosity of nanofluids and compared with the developed correlation. The results demonstrate that ANN modelling outperforms hypothesised correlation in estimating the effective viscosity. The R-squared values for the ANN model and correlation model are 0.95 and 0.90, respectively.

Reactive molecular dynamics simulation of thermo-physicochemical properties of non-covalent functionalized graphene nanofluids

In this paper, the effect of adding sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate(SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and triton X-100 on the thermophysical properties and the stability of water/ethylene glycol- graphene (G)- nanofluids (NFs) was investigated. Final observations demonstrate that the viscosity of NFs with 0.036 wt% of surfactants in comparison with 0.013 wt% NFs improved by 6.29%, 79.36%, and 39.13% for triton X-100, SDS, and SDBS, respectively. In addition, by increasing the fraction of SDS surfactant from 0.036 to 0.051 wt% thermal conductivity was enhanced by 84%. It was found that the thermophysical properties of NFs were more affected than their stability by adding surfactants. The results of this study can be used to produce G-NFs with optimized thermophysical properties and stability by using suitable surfactants.

Interfacial interaction–driven rheological properties of quartz nanofluids from molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations

Correlations of the shear viscosity of quartz nanofluids with particle concentration, particle size, and temperature were investigated with molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A new understanding to the experimentally concluded correlations was addressed in terms of microscopic particle–water interfacial interaction in three aspects. First, the viscosity of quartz nanofluids at different particle concentrations, particle sizes, and temperatures were simulated using the equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations method to reproduce the experimental observations. At the same particle size, the nanofluid viscosity decreases significantly with temperature and increases with nanoparticle volume concentration, and at the same volume concentration, the nanofluid viscosity increases with the decrease of particle size. Second, DFT calculations confirm a stronger particle–water interaction than that among water molecules. The important role of particle–water interaction in the viscosity determination of nanofluids was revealed. Finally, a correlation was proposed to fit the simulated results and compared with earlier two-parameter correlations. One parameter in the correlation is indeed a constant, while the other is a function of SiO2–water interaction energy. Our study proposes a physical basis for the experimentally concluded correlations on the viscosity of nanofluids.

Experimental investigations on thermo-physical properties and stability of diamond-alumina based hybrid nanofluids

In recent years, the demand of hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) is growing due to their quintessential thermo-physical properties (TPP) and good stability. In this work, nano-diamond (ND) (<10 nm) and nano-alumina (Al2O3) (<80 nm) based mono and HNFs are taken in to consideration. Good thermal conductivity (TC) of ND particles and good physical properties of Al2O3 particles combine to form better HNF when dispersed in water. In-depth and critical experimental investigation has been conducted on TPP and stability analysis of nanofluids. Particle characterization is performed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) assisted with energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX). Two-step method is employed for constructing Al2O3/water, ND/water, ND-Al2O3/water nanofluids at different weight fractions (0.01–0.3 wt.%). KD2 Pro TC analyzer and Anton Paar MCR 302e rheometer are used for determining TC and viscosity of nanofluids, respectively. The maximum enhancement of 4.2%, 16.93%, and 22.93% are observed in TC at 80 °C for 0.3 wt.% of Al2O3/water, ND-Al2O3/water, and ND/water nanofluids, respectively in comparison with that of distilled water. Correlations are developed for TC and viscosity and compared with experimental values. For evaluating stability of nanofluids, three methods applied such as visual inspection, UV–vis spectroscopy, and zeta-potential (ZP) are used. Stability period of nanofluids represented as ND/water (55 days) > ND-Al2O3/water (45 days) > Al2O3/water (30 days). Both TPP and stability enhanced for ND-Al2O3/water (hybrid) nanofluid compared to Al2O3/water (mono) nanofluid, thus used in various thermo-fluidic industries.

Assessment of Stability and Thermophysical Properties of Jojoba Nanofluid as a Metal-Cutting Fluid: Experimental and Modelling Investigation

Nanofluids based on vegetable oil have emerged as ecological alternatives to conventional cutting fluids. Jojoba-seed oil has recently been identified as adequate for use in metal cutting. Aiming to assess the stability and thermophysical properties of jojoba nanofluids, this article reports an experiment- and modelling-based investigation. The stability, viscosity and thermal conductivity of jojoba MoS2 nanofluid were studied across a broad range of temperatures and concentrations of nanoparticles. The functional relationship of the viscosity and thermal conductivity to the temperature and concentration was determined by regression analysis. In addition to confirming known phenomena, vis-à-vis the effect of the concentration and temperature on the viscosity and thermal conductivity, this study shows that the increase in the thermal conductivity in line with the concentration stagnates after an initial sharp rise due to an increase in the attractive forces between the particles. The viscosity displays a second-order interactive relationship with the temperature and concentration of the nanoparticles, whereas thermal conductivity follows a complex third-order interaction model. In addition to being economical, jojoba nanofluid matches or surpasses the nanofluid prepared using commercially available mineral-oil-based cutting fluid (LRT 30)—which is specially designed for the minimum-quantity lubrication method of metal cutting. Conclusively, this investigation paves the way for the shop-floor application of jojoba nanofluid in metal-cutting operations.

Thermo-physical properties and heat transfer potential of novel silica-ethylene glycol mono nanofluid: Experiments and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) modelling

The aim of this research is to estimate the thermophysical properties and heat transfer potential of silica-ethylene glycol (EG) mono nanofluid. Silica nanoparticles were dispersed in pure ethylene glycol in four different concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.50 vol% via two-step method. The dispersion stability of the nanofluid was enhanced including Gum Arabic (GA) as surfactant. Colorimeter and Zeta potential analyses were employed to determine the stability of the as-prepared samples. Thermal conductivity of nanofluid was determined by innovative sonic velocity measurement technique. Viscosity was measured by capillary viscometer. The highest augmentation in thermal conductivity was found to be 19.19% at 60 °C and in viscosity was found to be 5.07% at 40 °C with the 0.50 vol% SiO2 particle dispersion. A set of new data fitting-based correlations and optimal multi-layer perceptron (MLP) models for thermal conductivity and viscosity of Silica-EG nanofluids with high prediction capacities (R-square > 90%) were proposed based on the experimental data. The MLP models were more accurate than fitting models. Evaluation criterion was implemented to estimate the potential heat transfer of nanofluid.

Heat and mass transfer study of ferrofluid flow between co-rotating stretchable disks with geothermal viscosity: HAM analysis

The investigation of ferrofluid flow in rotating disk systems has been increased due to the many engineering applications in rotating objects. Ferrofluids are greatly significant in sealing of rotating shafts in hard disk drives. For this reason, the ferrohydrodynamics flow, heat, and mass transfer characteristics of a fluorocarbon-based magnetic nanofluid (FC-72) between two coaxial rotating stretchable disks have been examined. Both lower and upper disks are stretchable, and the viscosity of magnetic nanofluid (MNF) is directly proportional to the linear function of depth and inversely proportional to the linear function of temperature. Moreover, the heat transfer process is carried out with the viscous dissipation effect. An approach of similarity transformation is used to convert the obtained fundamental equations into a non-dimensional system of equations. The semi-analytic homotopy analysis method is executed to obtain the convergent series solution of a non-dimensional system of equations. Mathematica package BVPh 2.0 based on HAM is applied to plot the solution of dimensionless differential equations. The behavior of influential parameters, namely, viscosity variation, rotation, ferrohydrodynamic interaction, radiation, Prandtl number, Eckert number, and Reynolds number, on the flow regimes are shown graphically. It is obtained that the magnitude of horizontal velocity reduced in the vicinity of lower disk for increasing value of viscosity parameter γ1. Fluid temperature magnitude and nanoparticle concentration are increasing functions of Reynolds number.