Adolescent Violent Behavior Research Articles

Child and Adolescent Violent Behavior and Psychotropic Medications: Behavioral Health and Epidemiological Research Issues for a Post SARS-CoV-2 Environment

Child and Adolescent Violent Behavior and Psychotropic Medications: Behavioral Health and Epidemiological Research Issues for a Post SARS-CoV-2 Environment

Strain, Anger, and Violent Behavior of South Korean Adolescents.

Although general strain theory (GST) highlights the mediating role of anger between strain and violent behavior, the extant body of literature has been criticized for lack of rigorous testing of the mediating role of anger and lack of application in different cultural contexts. To cover this research gap, the current study investigated the mediating effect of anger between primary sources of strain of South Korean adolescents (i.e., parental abuse, academic-related strain, and negative relations to teacher) and violent behavior. Using structural equation modeling based on a nationally representative longitudinal dataset (n = 3,120), this study found a significant mediating role of anger in connecting strain and violent behavior of South Korean adolescents. Results from the present study support the main proposition of the GST on the mediating role of anger and its applicability in a cross-cultural context. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Violent behaviour in adolescents: assessment and formulation using a structured risk assessment tool

SUMMARYTeenagers often present in crisis with risk issues, mainly risk to self but sometimes risk to others. Adolescent violence is commonplace and is not just the remit of adolescent forensic psychiatry. Clinicians may lack confidence assessing risk of violence and can neglect vital areas that are essential to reduce risk. Use of structured violence risk assessments enables the multi-agency professional network to formulate a young person's presentation and their violence in a holistic way and consequently develop targeted risk management plans addressing areas such as supervision, interventions and case management to reduce the risk of future violence. Of the several validated tools developed for young people, the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk – Youth (SAVRY™) is that most used by UK-based forensic adolescent clinicians. This article outlines the epidemiology, causes and purposes of violence among adolescents; discusses types of risk assessment tool; explores and deconstructs the SAVRY; and presents a fictitious risk formulation.

The Relationship Between Movie Violence and Violent Behavior in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study in Isfahan, Iran

Background: Violent behavior in adolescents is one of the important public health problems; however, studies on this issue in developing countries are limited. Nowadays, adolescents spend a lot of day-night time watching TV. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between watching violent movies and perpetrating violent behaviors among adolescents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2800 adolescents, aged 11 - 18 years, residing in urban and rural areas of Isfahan province were enrolled. This study received a part of a grant No. 188169 dedicated to a project scrutinizing if watching violent movies by adolescents encouraged violent behaviors in the three domains of physical, verbal, and psychological violence. The data were gathered by a valid and reliable questionnaire, and SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: Violent behaviors were significantly higher among adolescents who watched more violent movies (adjusted OR = 1.6, CI: 1.3 - 2.1). Physical, verbal, and psychological types of violence achieved the adjusted ORs of 1.6 (CI: 1.3 - 2.05), 1.3 (CI: 1.1 - 1.6), and 1.07 (CI = 0.8 - 1.3), respectively. Conclusions: Watching violent movies can noticeably increase the frequency of violent behaviors among adolescents, especially in boys and rural students.

Childhood trauma and violent behavior in adolescents are differentially related to cognitive-emotional deficits.

Converging neurobiological and epidemiological evidence indicates that exposure to traumatic events in the early stages of development, that is, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), negatively affects the likelihood of being involved in violent behavior later in life. These problems are hypothesized to be mediated by the disruption of executive functions, in particular, the ability to inhibit inappropriate actions. Here we aimed to distinguish the contribution of inhibition in non-emotional and emotional situations (i.e., emotion regulation) and assessed the modulating influence of stress, testing Nairobi county high school students in a two-experiment study. In Experiment 1, neutral and emotional inhibition, working memory, and fluid intelligence were measured alongside questionnaires about ACE and violent behavior. Experiment 2 replicated these relations in an independent sample and assessed whether they would be aggravated after acute experimentally induced stress. Experiment 1 results showed that ACE was positively related to both non-emotional and emotional inhibition; in contrast, violent behavior was only associated with deficient emotional inhibition. Experiment 2 findings showed that stress did not significantly affect the relation of ACE to non-emotional inhibition and emotion regulation; however, it increased deficits of violent participants in their ability to down-regulate emotions. Together, results suggest that deficits in emotion regulation, especially under stressful conditions, are more critical than impairments in non-emotional inhibition in predicting violent behavior in victims of childhood trauma. These findings open perspectives toward more targeted research and interventions.

Гендерные особенности установок в отношении насилия у подростков

The article includes a description of the structure of attitudes towards violence among adolescents. The problem of the formation of violent behavior is theoretically substantiated from the standpoint of actualizing the significance of studying attitudes towards violence in adolescence. The sample of the empirical study includes 64 adolescents aged 14-17, students of a secondary general education school. The methodological toolkit includes the author's questionnaire aimed at identifying different attitudes towards violence in adolescents, the methodology “Personal aggressiveness and conflict” by E. P. Ilyin, P. A. Kovalev. The results reflect that 52 % of adolescent boys have positive attitudes towards violence, 94 % of adolescent girls have negative attitudes towards violence. Adolescents with positive attitudes, regardless of gender, have a similar severity of individual norms for alternatives to violence. Boys with positive attitudes towards violence are more willing to use psychological violence, influence through a virtual environment, and use physical violence. Girls with positive attitudes towards violence are more likely to inflict psychological violence and use physical force against other people. The relationship between individual norms for alternatives to violence and attitudes towards psychological violence, attitudes towards physical violence and attitudes towards encroachment on other people's things in adolescent girls has been revealed. In adolescent boys, no significant correlations were found between attitudes towards violence. The prospects for research in the future are the study of personal, family and interpersonal predictors of violent behavior in adolescents. The relationship between individual norms for alternatives to violence and attitudes towards psychological violence, attitudes towards physical violence and attitudes towards encroachment on other people's things in adolescent girls has been revealed. In adolescent boys, no significant correlations were found between attitudes towards violence. The prospects for research in the future are the study of personal, family and interpersonal predictors of violent behavior in adolescents.

Use of social networks, video games and violent behaviour in adolescence among secondary school students in the Basque Country

This article is aimed at exploring the relationship between abusive use of the internet and social media and involvement in violent behavior in adolescence. This analysis used a sample of 2549 participants of students enrolled in secondary education in the Basque Country, including lower secondary education, baccalaureate studies and vocational training courses. The results of this study show that the antisocial behaviour and bullying variables are associated with the different categories of use of information and communication technology. Gender differences appear to be irrelevant in this correlation as it is similar in both boys and girls. These data must be taken into consideration by the educational community, which has been shown to have a protective influence and by school guidance departments in particular, which are designed specifically to tackle these kinds of situations.

Predictive factors contributing to violent behavior in adolescents

Purpose: : This study investigated the predictive factors that influence violent behavior in adolescents in Gorontalo City because is the leading and most common problem in society, increasing the death rate in adolescents yearly. Violent behavior is caused by various factors internal and external. Method: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional study of 217 junior high school students aged 11-15 years. Results: The results of the bivariate test showed that the p-values were 0.001 self-control, 0.008 self-efficacy, 0.001 self-concept, 0.001 stress, 0.001 parenting, 0.002 peers, and 0.001 the school environment. Thus, all variables have a significance value smaller than the p-value (<0.05), meaning that all variables affect violent behavior in adolescents. Conclusion: all variables have a significant effect on violent behavior in adolescents. Nursing professionals are expected to be able to recognize symptoms and prevent the occurrence of violent behavior in adolescents to reduce its negative impact.

The effect of solution-focused approach on anger management and violent behavior in adolescents: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundThis study was carried out to evaluate the effect of a solution-focused approach on anger management and violent behavior in adolescents. MethodThe study was an experimental and randomized controlled trial including pre-test and post-test measurements and control group. The sample of experimental (n = 24) and control groups (n = 24) of the study consisted of 48 students. A 7-session program of anger management and prevention of violent behavior based on a solution focused approach was applied to the experimental group. ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences between trait anger, anger in, anger out, anger control sub-dimensions and VTS scores of the experimental and control groups before the intervention (p > 0.05). In post-test and follow-up test, trait anger (23.32 ± 2.83) (21.10 ± 3.51), anger-out (14.95 ± 4.16) (15.50 ± 3.49) and the mean scores of VTS (30.77 ± 4.01) (32.80 ± 4.53) of the individuals in the experimental group were significantly lower, whereas their mean score of anger control (24.86 ± 3.62) (23.65 ± 4.44) were significantly higher than the control group. ConclusionSolution-oriented approach programs should be used by psychiatric nurses to provide anger management and reduce violence tendencies in adolescents.

Gender Differences in Bullying Reflect Societal Gender Inequality: A Multilevel Study With Adolescents in 46 Countries

PurposeSocial patterns in bullying show consistent gender differences in adolescent perpetration and victimization with large cross-national variations. Previous research shows associations between societal gender inequality and gender differences in some violent behaviors in adolescents. Therefore, there is a need to go beyond individual associations and use a more social ecological perspective when examining gender differences in bullying behaviors. The aim of the present study was twofold: (1) to explore cross-national gender differences in bullying behaviors and (2) to examine whether national-level gender inequality relates to gender differences in adolescent bullying behaviors. MethodsTraditional bullying and cyberbullying were measured in 11-year-olds to 15-year-olds in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (n = 200,423). We linked individual data to national gender inequality (Gender Inequality Index, 2018) in 46 countries and tested their association using mixed-effects (multilevel) logistic regression models. ResultsLarge cross-national variations were observed in gender differences in bullying. Boys had higher odds of perpetrating both traditional and cyberbullying and victimization by traditional bullying than girls. Greater gender inequality at country level was associated with heightened gender differences in traditional bullying. In contrast, lower gender inequality was associated with larger gender differences for cyber victimization. DiscussionSocietal gender inequality relates to adolescents' involvement in bullying and gendered patterns in bullying. Public health policy should target societal factors that have an impact on young people's behavior.

Violent Media in Childhood and Seriously Violent Behavior in Adolescence and Young Adulthood

PurposeTo quantify the relative odds of self-reported seriously violent behavior in adolescence and young adulthood given one’s self-reported violent media diet in childhood. MethodsBaseline data were collected nationally online from 1,586 youth 10–15 years of age in 2006. Follow-up data were collected in 2010–2011 and 2016. Children reported the amount of music, video games, television, websites with real people, and cartoons that depicted “physical fighting, hurting, shooting, or killing.” Seriously violent behavior was assessed 5 and 10 years later. Results887 adolescents completed the survey at baseline and 5-year follow-up. The relative odds of reporting seriously violent behavior over time were 2.45-fold higher (p < .001) with each incremental increase in one’s baseline violent media diet. After adjusting for other potentially influential characteristics, results persisted (aOR = 1.70, p = .01). The relative odds also were elevated for those frequently exposed to violence in music (aOR = 3.28, p = .03), television (aOR = 3.51, p < .001), and video games (aOR = 3.27, p = .02). 760 young adults completed measures at baseline and 10-year follow-up. The relative odds of seriously violent behavior increased 2.18-fold (p = .001) with each incremental increase in one’s baseline violent media diet. After adjusting for other factors, the association persisted (aOR = 1.72, p = .03). Frequent exposure to violence in video games (aOR = 3.28, p = .03) and television (aOR = 3.14, p = .02) also were implicated. DiscussionExposure to violent media in childhood may be one modifiable influence on seriously violent behavior in adolescence and adulthood, even for those who have other risk factors.

Efficacy to avoid violence and parenting: A moderated mediation of violence exposure for African American urban-dwelling boys.

We took a risk and resilience approach to investigating how witnessing physical violence influences adolescent violent behaviors overtime. We proposed efficacy to avoid violence as a major path of influence in this negative trajectory of adolescent development. We also focus on the protective roles of parenting behaviors for African American boys living in disadvantaged contexts. Most of our sample of 310 African American adolescent males (M age = 13.50, SD = .620) had experienced significant amounts of violence, but they also reported continued efficacy to avoid violence. We tested a first stage dual moderated mediation model and found that higher levels of witnessing violence lead to more violent behavior and less efficacy to avoid violence, and that efficacy was the mediator in that link. Youth who witness more violence may feel that engagement in violence is inescapable and thus may themselves end up engaging in it. These problematic long-term trajectories were moderated by parent's communication about violence and monitoring revealing possible protections for youth, and an enhancement of youths' internal strengths. Our findings propose pathways that can inform interventions that may protect African American adolescent boys against the vicious cycle of exposure to, and acts of, violence.

Influence of Attitudes toward Violence and Motor Impulsiveness on the Violent Behavior of Adolescents at School

Background: School violence during adolescence has become a major issue worldwide. Both impulsiveness and adolescents’ attitudes toward violence will influence violent behavior against peers at school. Our objective is to study the influence of motor impulsiveness and attitudes on adolescents’ violent behavior at school, as well as to assess sex and age differences. Methods: Cluster sampling was performed, obtaining a sample of 513 adolescents between 13 and 19 years from four centers of secondary education. Results: A strong relationship is found between violent school behavior, defined as relational and overt aggression, and attitudes towards violence perceived as legitimate defense and violence used to cope with problems and social relations. The results showed significant sex differences favoring the boys in all the variables studied, except for motor impulsiveness and relational aggression. In terms of age, we found significant differences only for motor impulsiveness, favoring the older age group (≥15 years). The current findings may provide an important core of evidence to support forensic decision making in pre-trial and court settings, and further contribute to recidivism prevention.

You Hurt Me, so I Hurt Myself and Others: How Does Childhood Emotional Maltreatment Affect Adolescent Violent Behavior and Suicidal Ideation?

Violent behavior and suicidal ideation are two major public health problems, with the former representing outward attack and the latter characterizing inward attack. The effects of emotional maltreatment in childhood will continue into adolescence. This study explores the impact of childhood emotional maltreatment on adolescent violent behavior/suicidal ideation and its mechanism. Participants were 3,600 adolescents (average age is 16.21 ± 0.99) from the middle east of China. They completed questionnaires measuring emotional maltreatment in childhood, deviant peer affiliation, depression, violent behavior, and suicidal ideation in adolescence. After controlling for demographic variables, we found that deviant peer affiliation and depression mediated between childhood emotional maltreatment and adolescent violent behavior/suicidal ideation. Multi-group analysis results showed that males' deviant peer affiliation would contribute to their violent behaviors. Among female groups, deviant peer affiliation and depression were risk factors for violent behavior and suicidal ideation. a) cross-sectional design was used in this study; b) all the measures were self-reported. Preventing emotional maltreatment in childhood can help reduce violent behavior and suicidal ideation by reducing deviant peer affiliation and depression in adolescence. Males who experienced emotional maltreatment in childhood are more likely to show violent behaviors shaped by external factors such as deviant peer affiliation. In contrast, females' interpersonal orientation and internalizing factors both influence their external and internal aggressive behaviors.

Çözüm Odaklı Yaklaşım Müdahale Programının Adölesanlarda Öfke Yönetimine ve Şiddet Davranışına Etkisi: Sistematik İnceleme

Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to examine the effect of the Solution-Focused Approach intervention applied to adolescents on anger management and violent behavior with experimental studies. Material and Methods: The systematic review was created in line with the recommendations of the PRISMA systematic review guide. ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar and TR Dizin databases were used in the review. The literature review was carried out between 08.06.2021 to 16.07.2021. In this systematic review, studies that applied a solution-focused approach to adolescents and examined anger management and violence behaviors were reviewed. The obtained studies were systematized and evaluated in terms of their methods and results. Results: As a result of the literature review, 4 articles were included in the review. These studies, in which solution-focused approach intervention was applied, were found to be effective in reducing anger and violent behaviors and increasing anger management. In addition, it was determined that the solution-oriented approach intervention increased social adaptation skills, coping with disappointment, and developing constructive behaviors, decreased aggressive behavior, and it was found that it made significant positive contributions to adolescents. Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that, in general, Solution-Focused Approach interventions reduced anger levels, increased anger management skills, and reduced violent behaviors in adolescents with anger control problems. However, it has been observed that there is a limited number of studies on the effect of SolutionFocused Approach therapies on the psychological, physical, or behavioral symptoms experienced by students regarding their tendency to violence.

Intensity Of Violent Behavior In Adolescents Addicted To Violent Online Games In Yogyakarta Indonesia

The Online game is a technological product that is quite popular among adolescents. Violent characters in online games can affect the game players. Hurting the enemies in the games every day will gradually lead adolescents to think that hurting people is a fun and common thing to do. The adolescent delinquency cases in Yogyakarta occur every year, and the most frequent cases are klitih (maltreatment) and brawls. This study aims to discover the relationship between the level of addiction to violent online games and the intensity of violent behavior in adolescents. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. Data were collected through Game Addiction Scale for Adolescent questionnaires by about the adolescents’ addiction to online games and violent behavior in adolescents. The respondents of the study were 96 adolescents, recruited using the Lemeshow formula. Data were analyzed using the Spearmen rho test. Results showed that 48 adolescents (50%) were addicted to online games at a moderate level. The majority of adolescents (44.8%) had a low intensity of violent behavior. The p-value was 0.000 (&lt;0.005). The correlation value was 0.731, indicating a strong correlation between online gaming addiction and intensity of violent behavior, and the positive value suggests a unidirectional relationship. The level of online gaming addiction in adolescents in Yogyakarta is moderate. Online gaming addiction and violent behavior have a significant relationship with a strong correlation coefficient and a unidirectional relationship. Future researchers are suggested to add research variables to discover other factors contributing to violent behavior in adolescents.

Assessment of Violence Among Late Adolescence

Background: In today’s society, adolescents have seen an increase in violence. Teenagers face manysituations that cause these problems. There are several factors: the mass media, peer pressure and society’sview of the “ideal” person. Television, radio and newspapers are all ways to get messages to people. Onemight watch a violent movie and decide to reactivate the scenes, causing harm to themselves or others. Thehidden meanings of racism and hatred are put into music. Teenagers hear the words of their supposed rolemodels and think it’s good to follow in their footsteps.Objectives: Assessment of violence among Late Adolescence.Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in order to achieve the stated objectives.The study has begun from 1st September 2018. Settings of the Study: The settings of the study include (41)High secondary schools which are distributed in (3) Districts of Al-Najaf Governorate, urban (23) schoolsand rural (18) schools, these schools are systematic randomly selected.Result: Showed that the most majority is low violence 51.2%.Conclusions: The majority of the sub-domain of violence was the trend towards violence and Most of thestudy sample had low violence.Recommendations: Supporting educational method by the Educational Committee that limits violentbehavior of adolescents in schools, such as (moving away from scenes of an aggressive nature, beating,violence, fighting, quarrels and blood scenes) and the teacher devotes part of the lesson time to clarifyingissues and harms of violence and to show the benefits of tolerance and contentment. And The schooladministration cooperated with the teenager’s family to identify the causes of his violence. Finally, TheMinistry of Education is working to create posters that reject violence and suspend it throughout the school.

Research of the Factors Responsible for Gender Violence in Home and School Environment

Violence is a global issue that has received considerable attention during recent years. Available research has suggested various factors, mostly family and social factors, to possibly affect violence. As previous studies have not examined the relationship between these factors and violent behaviors in adolescents, this research was aimed to assess the relationship between environmental factors and violence in adolescents. The collected data was analyzed by applying multiple regression analysis. Most participants lived in urban areas and about half of them were females. Linear regression test showed violent behaviors to have significant, inverse relationships with love and affection in the family and watching drama and comedy movies. Significant, direct relationships were found between violent behaviors in adolescents and aggressive behaviors in the family and watching crime, police, and action movies. However, the incidence of violent behaviors was not significantly related with the effects of peers and presence of sports facilities. The findings supported that love and affection and healthy pastime (e.g. watching comedy and drama movies) in the family reduce violent behaviors in adolescents. In contrast aggressive behaviors in the family, watching crime, police, and action movies were found to increase violent behaviors in adolescents.

Differences in associations between problematic video-gaming, video-gaming duration, and weapon-related and physically violent behaviors in adolescents

Seemingly mixed findings have been reported on possible relationships between video-gaming and violent or aggressive behaviors. Given the prevalence of gaming in adolescents and potential harms associated with violent behaviors, relationships between problematic gaming, gaming engagement, and risk behaviors involving weapons and physical violence require further research. This study examined in a large sample of high-school students the relationships between problem-gaming severity, gaming duration, and violence-related measures including weapon-carrying, having been threatened by someone with a weapon, perceived insecurity, physical fights and serious fights leading to injuries. Potential moderation by sensation-seeking and impulsivity was also tested. Participants were 3,896 Connecticut high-school adolescents. Chi-square, logistic regression, and moderation models were conducted. Adolescents with at-risk/problem gaming, compared to low-risk and non-gaming adolescents, reported more weapon-carrying, having been threatened with weapons, feeling unsafe at school, and serious fighting leading to injury. Among those reporting gaming, weekly time spent gaming was associated with problem-gaming severity. Those with longer (versus shorter) gaming durations were more likely to report weapon-carrying and feeling unsafe at school. Sensation-seeking moderated associations between at-risk/problem gaming and weapon-carrying frequency. Associations between gaming quantity and problem-gaming severity and measures of weapon-carrying and physical violence in adolescents suggest that understanding further their mechanistic relationships may be important in promoting safer developmental trajectories for youth. Future longitudinal studies may provide important insight into the etiologies underlying these relationships and such information may help develop more effective prevention and intervention strategies.

Does a Close Relationship With an Adult Reduce the Risk of Juvenile Offending for Youth With a History of Maltreatment?

Social support is frequently cited as a protective factor against juvenile offending. The current study examined whether a close relationship with an adult in childhood decreases the risk for offending among individuals with a history of child maltreatment. This research utilized data from a prospective cohort design study in which children with court-substantiated cases of abuse and neglect and nonmaltreated children matched on age, sex, race, and approximate family social class were followed into adulthood (N = 1,196). Having a close relationship with an adult did not decrease risk for delinquent behavior or arrest, but a close relationship with a parent was associated with lower risk for delinquent behavior. Surprisingly, adults with no history of maltreatment who reported having a close relationship with a peer or sibling were more likely to report engaging in violent behavior in adolescence. In total, these findings point to the complexity of development and suggest that although a close relationship with an adult can be protective, the mere presence of such a relationship, without inquiry into the type of relationship, is not sufficient.